CN112338380B - Third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method in brushing or slurry coating mode - Google Patents
Third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite material additive manufacturing equipment and method in brushing or slurry coating mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN112338380B CN112338380B CN202011156819.9A CN202011156819A CN112338380B CN 112338380 B CN112338380 B CN 112338380B CN 202011156819 A CN202011156819 A CN 202011156819A CN 112338380 B CN112338380 B CN 112338380B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/06—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length by rubbing contact, e.g. by brushes, by pads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides brushing or slurry coating type third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite material additive manufacturing equipment and a method, which comprises a wire feeding mechanism for feeding welding wires, wherein the wire feeding mechanism is matched with a welding gun and realizes surfacing; be fixed with the telescopic link on the welder upper portion lateral wall, fixed mounting has the container that is used for holding third phase reinforcement material and solution on the telescopic link, the inside of container is provided with and is used for carrying out the rabbling mechanism that mixes the stirring to solution, the bottom of container is provided with the conveyer pipe, install the switch on the conveyer pipe, the end of conveyer pipe is provided with brush or the gyro wheel that is used for coating third phase reinforcement material and solution. The third-phase material compounding and part manufacturing are realized by combining a brushing or slurry coating mode with an additive manufacturing technology, and the composite material has the advantages of high material utilization rate, accurate feeding position and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite materials and additive manufacturing, and discloses manufacturing and a method for realizing the composition of a third-phase material and parts by combining an additive manufacturing technology in a brushing or slurry coating mode.
Background
Compared with the traditional method, the method for realizing the third phase reinforced metal matrix composite or part by the additive manufacturing technology has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like. Compared with the metal matrix, the third phase reinforced metal-based material not only can obtain good heat conduction performance, electric conduction performance, shock resistance, fatigue resistance and fracture performance of the matrix metal or alloy, but also has excellent performances such as high strength, high rigidity, excellent wear resistance, lower thermal expansion coefficient and the like. The conventional preparation methods of the commonly used reinforced metal matrix composite material include a powder metallurgy compounding method, a casting solidification molding method, a spray molding method and the like.
In the traditional method for preparing the third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite based on the additive method, gas is mostly adopted to feed powder and the powder is stacked layer by layer to form a part, so that the problems that the non-metal powder is easy to splash, the powder laying is not uniform, the utilization rate of the non-metal powder is low, the powder feeding amount is difficult to accurately control and the like are easily caused, and the performance of the composite or the part is seriously influenced sometimes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the existing method and provide third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment and method in a brushing or slurry coating mode, the third-phase material is compounded and parts are manufactured in a brushing or slurry coating mode and an additive manufacturing technology, the third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment and method has the advantages of high material utilization rate, accurate feeding position and the like, meanwhile, the slurry can be added with a modifier according to the characteristics of a metal base material and the third-phase material to increase the wettability between the third-phase material and the metal base material, so that the third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment and method can be applied to the fields of mechanical manufacturing, repair of mechanical parts, aerospace, automobiles, biomedical treatment and the like.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: the third phase enhanced metal matrix composite material additive manufacturing equipment adopting a brushing or slurry coating mode comprises a wire feeding mechanism for conveying welding wires, wherein the wire feeding mechanism is matched with a welding gun and realizes surfacing; be fixed with the telescopic link on the welder upper portion lateral wall, fixed mounting has the container that is used for holding third phase reinforcement material and solution on the telescopic link, the inside of container is provided with and is used for carrying out the rabbling mechanism that mixes the stirring to solution, the bottom of container is provided with the conveyer pipe, install the switch on the conveyer pipe, the end of conveyer pipe is provided with brush or the gyro wheel that is used for coating third phase reinforcement material and solution.
The method for additive manufacturing by adopting the brush or slurry coating mode of third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials before surfacing;
step two: selecting welding parameters and preparing other equipment;
step three: modeling and robot programming;
step four: surfacing and forming;
step five: and (6) processing the formed part.
The specific operation of the first step is that the metal substrate is pretreated before surfacing, oil stains and oxide scales on the surface are removed, the metal substrate meets the surfacing condition, and a third-phase reinforcement material is selected and subjected to primary treatment according to different target composite materials; selecting a volatile solution which does not have chemical reaction with the third-phase reinforcement material, adding the third-phase reinforcement material into the solution in proportion, and uniformly stirring; the content of the third phase reinforcement material coated on the metal substrate is adjusted by adjusting the content and the flow rate of the third phase reinforcement material in the solution.
The method for carrying out primary treatment on the third-phase reinforcement material comprises the steps of grinding the third-phase reinforcement material to be added and ensuring that the powder thickness after grinding is uniform and consistent.
Selecting a surfacing mode, and setting welding parameters of a welding machine according to the characteristics of the metal substrate material, the third-phase reinforcement material and the target composite material; fixing a metal substrate, and installing a welding gun, a wire feeding mechanism, a container and a brush or a roller on a robot arm, wherein the container and the welding gun are connected together by adopting a telescopic rod so as to adjust the distance between the container and the welding gun.
And the welding parameters of the second step comprise welding current, welding speed, wire feeding speed of welding wires and flow of solution or slurry, and the parameters are adjusted according to actual conditions.
And the specific operation of the third step is to use CAD software to model the part, introduce slice software to carry out slice layering, obtain the profile data of each section, plan a surfacing welding path, obtain the programming codes of the robot motion and the wire feeding speed, and record the codes into the robot.
The fourth step is specifically operated in such a way that the wire feeding position and the wire feeding angle are adjusted through the wire feeding mechanism, and the position of the brushing solution or slurry is adjusted by adjusting the angle and the size of the brush; and (3) starting a heat source to build up welding, melting the welding wire to form a molten pool, driving a welding gun to stack on the metal substrate according to a preset track under the control of a program by the robot, stacking in front of the welding gun, coating the slurry or the solution containing the third-phase reinforcement material on the rear part of a brush or a roller, depositing the next layer after the liquid volatilizes, coating the slurry or the solution layer by layer, and preparing the composite material or the part in a layer-by-layer stacking mode.
And the fifth step is specifically operated in such a way that the defects of the formed part are checked, a corresponding processing method is selected according to the characteristics of the used material, the physical performance of the part is improved, the part is machined, the geometric shape and the size of the part are controlled, and the mechanical performance of the part is ensured.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can accurately control the content of the third phase reinforcement material in the form of brush or coating paste, and can accurately coat the reinforcement material to each position to prepare the gradient functional material.
2. The invention greatly improves the utilization rate of materials, reduces the material loss in the manufacturing process, lowers the production cost and reduces the pollution to the environment.
3. The forming process is simple, various complex parts can be quickly formed without the limitation of size, the production efficiency can be improved, and the forming process has a good application prospect.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an additive manufacturing method of a third phase-strengthened metal composite part in a brush manner.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an additive manufacturing method of a third phase-strengthened metal composite part by means of slurry coating.
In the figure: welding wire 1, wire feeder 2, welding gun 3, telescopic link 4, rabbling mechanism 5, container 6, switch 7, brush 8, gyro wheel 9.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, a third phase enhanced metal matrix composite material additive manufacturing apparatus in a brush or paste coating manner includes a wire feeder 2 for feeding a welding wire 1, wherein the wire feeder 2 is matched with a welding gun 3 and realizes build-up welding; be fixed with telescopic link 4 on 3 upper portion lateral walls of welder, fixed mounting has the container 6 that is used for holding third phase reinforcement material and solution on telescopic link 4, the inside of container 6 is provided with and is used for mixing the rabbling mechanism 5 of stirring to solution, the bottom of container 6 is provided with the conveyer pipe, install switch 7 on the conveyer pipe, the end of conveyer pipe is provided with brush 8 or gyro wheel 9 that is used for coating third phase reinforcement material and solution.
Example 2:
the method for additive manufacturing by adopting the brush or slurry coating mode of third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials before surfacing:
pre-treating a metal substrate before surfacing to remove surface oil stains and oxide scales to enable the metal substrate to meet surfacing conditions, selecting a third-phase reinforcement material according to different target composite materials, and performing primary treatment on the third-phase reinforcement material; selecting a volatile solution which does not have chemical reaction with the third-phase reinforcement material, adding the third-phase reinforcement material into the solution in proportion, and uniformly stirring; the content of the third phase reinforcement material coated on the metal substrate is adjusted by adjusting the content and the flow rate of the third phase reinforcement material in the solution.
The method for carrying out primary treatment on the third-phase reinforcement material comprises the steps of grinding the third-phase reinforcement material to be added and ensuring that the powder thickness after grinding is uniform and consistent.
Step two: selection of welding parameters and preparation of other equipment:
selecting a surfacing mode, and setting welding parameters of a welding machine according to the characteristics of the metal substrate material, the third-phase reinforcement material and the target composite material; fixing a metal substrate, installing a welding gun 3, a wire feeding mechanism 2, a container 6 and a brush 8 or a roller 9 on a robot arm, and connecting the container 6 and the welding gun 3 together by adopting a telescopic rod 4 to adjust the distance between the container and the welding gun;
the welding parameters comprise welding current, welding speed, wire feeding speed of welding wires and flow of solution or slurry, and the parameters are adjusted according to actual conditions.
Step three: modeling and robot programming:
modeling the part by using CAD software, importing the part into slicing software for slicing and layering, obtaining profile data of each section, planning a surfacing welding path, obtaining programming codes of robot movement and wire feeding speed, and recording the codes into the robot.
Step four: surfacing and forming:
the wire feeding position and the wire feeding angle are adjusted through the wire feeding mechanism 2, and the position of the brushing solution or slurry is adjusted through adjusting the angle and the size of the brush 8; and (3) starting a heat source to build up welding, melting the welding wire to form a molten pool, driving a welding gun to stack on the metal substrate according to a preset track under the control of a program by the robot, stacking in front of the welding gun 3, coating slurry or solution containing a third-phase reinforcement material on the rear of a brush 8 or a roller 9, depositing the next layer after the liquid is volatilized, coating the slurry or solution layer by layer, and preparing the composite material or the part in a layer-by-layer stacking mode.
Step five: processing a formed part:
inspecting the defects of the formed part, selecting a corresponding processing method according to the characteristics of the used material, improving the physical performance of the part, machining the part, controlling the geometric shape and the size of the part and ensuring the mechanical performance of the part.
Claims (6)
1. The additive manufacturing method is carried out by using third-phase enhanced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment in a brush or paste coating mode, the third-phase enhanced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment in the brush or paste coating mode comprises a wire feeding mechanism (2) used for conveying a welding wire (1), and the wire feeding mechanism (2) is matched with a welding gun (3) and realizes build-up welding; a telescopic rod (4) is fixed on the outer side wall of the upper part of the welding gun (3), a container (6) for containing a third-phase reinforcement material and a solution is fixedly installed on the telescopic rod (4), a stirring mechanism (5) for mixing and stirring the solution is arranged in the container (6), a conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the container (6), a switch (7) is installed on the conveying pipe, and a brush (8) or a roller (9) for coating the third-phase reinforcement material and the solution is arranged at the tail end of the conveying pipe;
characterized in that the additive manufacturing method comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials before surfacing;
step two: selecting welding parameters and preparing other equipment;
step three: modeling and robot programming;
step four: surfacing and forming;
step five: processing a formed part;
the specific operation of the first step is that the metal substrate is pretreated before surfacing, oil stains and oxide scales on the surface are removed, the metal substrate meets the surfacing condition, and a third-phase reinforcement material is selected and subjected to primary treatment according to different target composite materials; selecting a volatile solution which does not have chemical reaction with the third-phase reinforcement material, adding the third-phase reinforcement material into the solution in proportion, and uniformly stirring; adjusting the content of the third phase reinforcement material coated on the metal substrate by adjusting the content and the flow rate of the third phase reinforcement material in the solution;
the specific operation of the fourth step is that the wire feeding position and the wire feeding angle are adjusted through the wire feeding mechanism (2), and the position of the brushing solution or slurry is adjusted through adjusting the angle and the size of the brush (8); and (3) starting a heat source to build up welding, melting a welding wire to form a molten pool, driving a welding gun to build up on the metal substrate according to a preset track under the control of a program by a robot, building up the welding gun in front of the welding gun (3), coating slurry or solution containing a third-phase reinforcement material on the rear part of a brush (8) or a roller (9), depositing the next layer after the liquid is volatilized, coating the slurry or solution layer by layer, and preparing the composite material or the part in a layer-by-layer building-up mode.
2. The method for additive manufacturing by using the brush or paste type third phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for carrying out primary treatment on the third-phase reinforcement material comprises the steps of grinding the third-phase reinforcement material to be added and ensuring that the powder thickness after grinding is uniform and consistent.
3. The method for additive manufacturing by using the brush or paste type third phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting a surfacing mode, and setting welding parameters of a welding machine according to the characteristics of the metal substrate material, the third-phase reinforcement material and the target composite material; fixing a metal substrate, installing a welding gun (3), a wire feeding mechanism (2), a container (6) and a brush (8) or a roller (9) on a robot arm, and connecting the container (6) and the welding gun (3) together by adopting a telescopic rod (4) so as to adjust the distance between the container and the welding gun.
4. The method for additive manufacturing by using the brush or paste type third phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the welding parameters of the second step comprise welding current, welding speed, wire feeding speed of welding wires and flow of solution or slurry, and the parameters are adjusted according to actual conditions.
5. The method for additive manufacturing by using the brush or paste type third phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the specific operation of the third step is to use CAD software to model the part, introduce slice software to carry out slice layering, obtain the profile data of each section, plan a surfacing welding path, obtain the programming codes of the robot motion and the wire feeding speed, and record the codes into the robot.
6. The method for additive manufacturing by using the brush or paste type third phase reinforced metal matrix composite additive manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the fifth step is specifically operated in such a way that the defects of the formed part are checked, a corresponding processing method is selected according to the characteristics of the used material, the physical performance of the part is improved, the part is machined, the geometric shape and the size of the part are controlled, and the mechanical performance of the part is ensured.
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| CN110548961A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-10 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | metal-based layered composite material and electric arc additive manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111112794A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-08 | 三峡大学 | Third-phase reinforced metal matrix composite material arc additive manufacturing method and equipment |
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| US9090476B2 (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2015-07-28 | Chun-Chieh Chang | Direct deposition of graphene on substrate material |
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| CN1974112A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2007-06-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Surfactant for magnesium alloy TIG welding and its prepn process and usage |
| CN203329917U (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江兆隆合金股份有限公司 | Automatic roll coating device for controlling liquid flow on surface of metal strip |
| CN104785786A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 江苏科技大学 | Slurry feeding type metal part material increase manufacturing method and device |
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