CN112334346A - 驱动单元和驱动装置 - Google Patents

驱动单元和驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112334346A
CN112334346A CN201980040444.9A CN201980040444A CN112334346A CN 112334346 A CN112334346 A CN 112334346A CN 201980040444 A CN201980040444 A CN 201980040444A CN 112334346 A CN112334346 A CN 112334346A
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China
Prior art keywords
drive unit
electric machine
drive
combustion engine
shaft
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Pending
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CN201980040444.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
安德里亚斯·特赫肯舒
史蒂芬·莱曼
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Publication of CN112334346A publication Critical patent/CN112334346A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元，以及涉及具有根据本发明的驱动单元的驱动装置。所述用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元(100)配备有第一电机(110)以及第二电机(120)和第一轴(130)以及输出轴(140)，其中所述驱动单元(100)另外具有分离离合器(150)且所述驱动单元(100)另外具有连接元件(230)，用于连接内燃机以进行联合旋转，并且其中至少所述第一电机(110)以发电机模式操作并且所述第一电机(110)的额定rpm n1与所述第二电机(120)的额定rpm n2具有以下关系：n1＞1.2×n2。利用在此提出的所述驱动单元以及配备有所述驱动单元的所述驱动装置，提供了确保所述内燃机以低rpm操作，从而在有效利用安装空间的情况下改善了操作点的装置。

Description

驱动单元和驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元，以及涉及具有根据本发明的驱动单元的驱动装置。
背景技术
从现有技术已知用于混合动力车辆的驱动装置，该驱动装置尤其包括内燃机、第一电机和第二电机。
DE 10 2015 222 690 A1、DE 10 2015 222 691 A1和WO 2017 084 887 A1描述了用于控制此类驱动装置的方法，该驱动装置可以若干种操作模式操作。
DE 10 2015 222 690 A1主要说明了串联式混合动力操作，其中由第二电机提供牵引驱动扭矩，并且内燃机驱动第一电机生成电能。描述了内燃机在操作点上的操作，其中驱动装置的组合效率取决于内燃机的效率以及第一电机的效率。
在文件DE 10 2015 222 691 A1和WO 2017 084 887 A1中描述了基于性能的模式和基于消耗的模式，其中每种模式均取决于条件。该条件是，目标驱动值增加到介于代表并联式混合动力模式中(其中仅内燃机产生牵引驱动扭矩)的最大驱动值的内燃机阈值与代表并联式升压混合动力操作中的最大驱动值的并联式混合动力模式阈值之间的中间值。
DE 10 2015 222 692 A1、WO 2017 084 888 A1、DE 10 2015 222 694 A1和WO2017 084 889 A1描述了一种用于操作用于驱动驱动轮的混合动力车辆的驱动装置的方法，其中该驱动装置包括内燃机、与内燃机联接的第一电机、第二电机、可充电电池以及在内燃机和驱动轮之间的主离合器。
DE 10 2015 222 692 A1和WO 2017 084 888 A1描述了驱动装置以三种操作模式之一操作，这三种操作模式即纯电动操作、串联式混合动力操作或并联式混合动力操作，其中在从第一操作模式到第二操作模式的变化期间所提供的牵引驱动扭矩对应于在变化之前和之后所提供的牵引驱动扭矩之间的适当选择的进程。
DE 10 2015 222 694 A1和WO 2017 084 889 A1公开了在内燃发动机和驱动轮之间还布置有变速器。
此外，所引用的文献描述了一种具有混合动力驱动装置的混合动力车辆。
在现有技术中反复描述的混合动力车辆包括内燃机、第一电机和第二电机、至少一个驱动轮和主离合器以及第一离合器和第二离合器。主离合器布置在内燃机和驱动轮之间，第一离合器设置在第一电机和内燃机的输出轴之间，并且第二离合器设置在第二电机和驱动轮之间。
DE 10 2017 128 289.0(尚未公布)公开了一种用于混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元，该驱动单元具有内燃机、第一电机、第二电机、第一变速级以及第一电机和/或第二电机的驱动轴。此外，驱动单元包括变速器子组件，借助于该变速器子组件，相应电机的驱动轴联接至或可联接至车轮驱动轴。第二变速级联接至副轴单元，其中该副轴单元具有集成离合器并因此进一步连接至车轮驱动轴，使得内燃机可经由第二变速级联接至车轮驱动轴，这取决于该离合器的位置。
同样尚未公布的DE 10 2017 127 695.5提出了一种用于混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系，该动力传动系具有变速器输入轴，该变速器输入轴经由第一部分动力传动系操作性地连接至第一电机和内燃机以便传递扭矩，并且经由第二部分动力传动系操作性地连接至第二电机以便传递扭矩。第二电机永久性地连接至变速器输入轴以便传递扭矩，并且第一电机和内燃机可以可联接的方式连接至变速器输入轴以便传递扭矩。第一电机和/或第二电机可设计为被冷却。特别优选的是，借助于车辆冷却回路的水冷却或借助于来自变速器的变速器油的油冷却来进行冷却。此外，所使用的分离离合器也可设计为油冷却式多片离合器。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元，以及一种配备有该驱动单元的驱动装置，该驱动装置将能量最佳的发电机操作与小的安装空间需求相结合。
通过根据权利要求1所述的根据本发明的驱动单元来实现该目的。在从属权利要求2至8中指定了驱动单元的有利实施例。此外，提供了一种根据权利要求9所述的具有驱动单元的用于机动车辆的驱动装置。在从属权利要求10中指定了驱动装置的有利实施例。
可通过任何技术上合理的方式组合权利要求的特征，包括以下描述中给出的解释和附图的特征，包括本发明的附加实施例。
结合本发明，术语“同轴”和“径向”始终指驱动单元的旋转轴线。
本发明涉及一种用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元，该驱动单元具有第一电机以及第二电机和第一轴以及输出轴。第一电机的转子连接至第一轴以便联合旋转，并且第二电机的转子连接至输出轴以便联合旋转。驱动单元还具有分离离合器，利用该分离离合器，第一电机的转子可连接至或连接至输出轴，以用于扭矩传递的目的。
另外，驱动单元还包括连接元件，该连接元件连接至内燃机的输出元件。该连接元件用于连接内燃机。至少第一电机可在一般操作中操作，并且第一电机的额定rpm n1与第二电机的额定rpm n2具有以下关系：
n1>1.2×n2。
在特定实施例中，可以规定该比率为n1>1.5×n2。
这确保了第一电机设计为比第二电机具有更高的rpm并且因此设计为具有更低的扭矩。因此，可在发电机模式下以相对高的rpm利用第一电机有效地生成电能，而将第二电机设置为与第一电机相比以较低的rpm生成相对高的扭矩，以用于驾驶配备有该第二电机的车辆。
特别地可以规定，两个电机串联地布置。在一个优选的实施例中可以规定，两个电机的转子或它们的旋转轴线同轴地布置。
分离离合器为可切换离合器，其可从打开状态切换到闭合状态，反之亦然。
分离离合器既可设计为“常开”(初始状态打开)，也可设计为“常闭”(初始状态闭合)。
分离离合器的有利的或优选的实施例为常开。
驱动单元可设计为使得固定地连接至第一电机的转子的第一轴布置在固定地连接至第二电机的转子的输出轴的径向内侧。
第一轴可设计为分开的，即呈在中心延伸的中空轴的形式，在该中空轴上的某些区域中布置有毂(其依次连接以便联合旋转)，该毂继而连接至第一电机的转子以便联合旋转。
分离离合器的径向内侧可连接至第一电机上的毂以便联合旋转，并且分离离合器的径向外侧可连接至输出轴，该输出轴连接至第二电机的转子以便联合旋转。
根据本发明的另一个方面，在驱动单元中实现第一变速级，其中该第一变速级的齿轮传动比为i<1，特别是i<0.8。
这将所连接的内燃机的所施加的rpm转换成高rpm，这对应于第一电机设置为在发电机模式下具有高rpm。
根据另一个有利的实施例，第一电机的径向范围小于第二电机的径向范围。
这意味着，该定子的外径小于第二电机的定子的外径，并且电机的横截面为基本上圆形。
此外，驱动单元具有电力电子器件和/或驱动单元的冷却装置或润滑装置的至少一部分，它们径向布置在第一电机的旁边。
驱动单元的各个单元的这种布置是可能的，因为第一电机在径向上相对较小并且因此提供了额外的安装空间，这使得能够布置另外的部件，诸如电力电子期间或者冷却装置或润滑装置的一部分。
另外，根据本发明的主题优选地实现为使得第一变速级由包括内齿齿轮的连接元件和具有外齿的第一轴形成。这两个齿相互啮合，以用于将旋转运动从连接元件传递至第一轴。
第一电机的转子的旋转轴线和内燃机或其输出元件的旋转轴线横向偏移地布置。
根据另一个实施例，分离离合器在轴向方向上布置在第一电机和第二电机之间。在优选的实施例中，分离离合器为多片离合器。
根据本发明，第一电机的额定扭矩M1与第二电机的额定扭矩M2具有以下关系：
M1/M2<0.4
在驱动单元的另一个有利的实施形式中可以规定，驱动单元具有第二变速级，该第二变速级由输出轴的齿(特别是外齿)和与输出轴的齿啮合的第一齿轮形成，并且实现了输出轴的rpm的i>1的齿轮传动比。
输出轴本身可形成齿，或者可连接至一个齿以便联合旋转。
此外，驱动单元可具有变速器，该变速器与驱动单元的输出轴(也称为变速器输入轴)操作性地连接，使得由输出轴提供的扭矩或由输出轴实现的旋转运动可借助于变速器提高或降低，并且传递至机动车辆的另一个变速器单元，或者也可直接传递至机动车辆的驱动轮。
该变速器可在输出区域中包括差动变速器，或者可如此设计。
第一齿轮可联接至变速器的直接驱动副轴以便联合旋转，该副轴的外齿继而与差动变速器的输入齿轮啮合，从而实现第三变速级。
根据本发明的驱动单元的优点在于，借助于高转速的第一电机，该第一电机借助于第一变速级联接至内燃机，内燃机可在低rpm范围内操作并且因此具有最佳效率，这继而减少了CO2排放以及噪音排放。此外，径向构造成较小的第一电机可节省成本，并且安装空间可用于其他部件，诸如电力电子器件和/或驱动单元的冷却装置或润滑装置的至少一部分。
另外，根据本发明，提供了一种驱动装置，该驱动装置具有根据本发明的驱动单元和内燃机，其中该内燃机经由连接元件联接至或可联接至第一电机的转子以便借助于内燃机的输出元件联合旋转。
在另一种改进中，驱动装置还包括至少一个车轮驱动轴，该车轮驱动轴经由变速器连接至驱动单元的输出轴，使得可将由输出轴实现的旋转运动通过变速器传递至车轮驱动轴。
在驱动装置的有利的实施例中，内燃机的最佳rpm范围为2000min-1至4000min-1。
当操作具有根据本发明的驱动装置的机动车辆，特别是混合动力车辆时，该驱动装置包括根据本发明的驱动单元和内燃机，启用以下驾驶操作模式：
电力驱动和再生：
分离离合器打开，由此第二电机与第一电机和内燃机分离。因此，第二电机分别作为牵引机和发电机进行控制。内燃机和第一电机未运行。
串联驱动和充电：
分离离合器打开。借助于第一电机起动内燃机，其中内燃机可驱动第一电机，并且因此第一电机作为发电机进行控制，以便给机动车辆的电池充电。第二电机作为牵引机进行控制，其中可由内燃机支持第二电机。
并联式混合驱动、充电和升压：
分离离合器闭合，由此第一电机、第二电机和内燃机彼此联接。机动车辆借助于内燃机和/或一个或两个电机来驱动。这两个电机可在此作为牵引机或发电机进行控制。
由于内燃机经由第一变速级连接至作为发电机操作的第一电机，因此内燃机可低rpm操作并且因此在能量上高效，而发电机可在较高rpm范围内在能量上高效地操作。
附图说明
基于相关的技术背景，参考示出了优选实施例的相关联附图，在下文对如上所述的本发明进行详细说明。本发明绝不受纯粹示意性附图的限制，其中应当指出的是，附图中所示出的实施例不限于所示尺寸。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的驱动单元的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元100，该驱动单元具有第一电机110以及第二电机120，这两者均布置在共同的旋转轴线101上。第一电机110的转子111与旋转轴线101同轴布置，并且还与第二电机120的转子121同轴布置。
第一电机110的定子112以及第二电机120的定子122容纳在驱动单元100的壳体102中。第一电机的转子111连接至用于联合旋转的第一轴130以便联合旋转。第二电机120的转子121连接至输出轴140以便联合旋转，该输出轴也可称为变速器输入轴。
此外，驱动单元100包括分离离合器150，借助于该分离离合器，第一电机110以及因此连接至第一轴130(该第一轴连接至第一电机110的转子111)以便联合旋转的内燃机可连接至或连接至输出轴以用于扭矩传递的目的。
在此处所描绘的实施例中，第一轴130设计为两部分，即由在中心延伸的中空轴132以及毂133组成，该毂定位在该中空轴132上并且连接至该中空轴以便联合旋转，其中毂133继而固定地连接至第一电机110的转子111。
毂133形成分离离合器150的径向内侧151，或者固定地连接至分离离合器150的该输入侧。
分离离合器150的径向外侧152(其实现分离离合器150的输出侧)连接至输出轴140以便联合旋转。
分离离合器150为可切换离合器，其可从打开状态切换到闭合状态，反之亦然。为此，分离离合器150分配有致动系统153。
以这种方式，当分离离合器150闭合时，扭矩可从第一轴130传递至输出轴140，反之亦然。
因此，在此处所描绘的实施例中可以规定，两个电机110、120串联布置，其中两个电机110、120的转子111、121或它们的旋转轴线同轴地布置。第一轴130或其在中心延伸的中空轴132在输出轴140的内侧径向地延伸，由此可减小驱动单元100所需的总体安装体积。
此外，此处所描绘的驱动单元100包括变速器160，该变速器与驱动单元100的输出轴140(也称为变速器输入轴)操作性地连接，使得由输出轴140提供的扭矩或由输出轴140实现的旋转运动可借助于变速器160提高或降低，并且传递至机动车的另一个变速器单元，或者也可直接传递至机动车辆的驱动轮。
在此处所描绘的实施例中，该变速器160包括差动变速器170。此外，变速器160包括第一齿轮161，该第一齿轮与输出轴140上的外齿141啮合。因此，通过第一齿轮161在驱动单元100中实现第二变速级162。该第一齿轮161联接至变速器160的直接驱动副轴163以便联合旋转，该副轴的外齿164继而与差动变速器170的输入齿轮171啮合，由此实现了第三变速级172。
驱动单元100是根据本发明的驱动装置200的同样描绘的实施例的一部分。
此外，该驱动装置200还具有在此未示出的内燃机，该内燃机在连接至所示的连接件210时联接至第一电机110的转子111以便经由第一轴130联合旋转，或者在插入了另一个联接件的情况下，联接至该转子。
所描绘的驱动装置200设计为使得在用于在此处未示出的内燃机的连接件210与第一轴130之间形成有第一变速级142，该第一轴连接至第一电机110的转子111以便联合旋转，以用于将由内燃机或其连接件210实现的旋转运动的rpm平移至第一轴130。
为此目的，提供了内燃机的输出元件220，该输出元件可具有减振器单元221或离合器222，该离合器用于打开和关闭内燃机与驱动单元100之间的扭矩传递路径，或者还具有所示的减振器单元221和离合器222的组合。
此外，输出元件220连接至内齿齿轮223，该内齿齿轮实现为连接元件230的部件，该内齿齿轮与第一轴130的外齿131啮合并且因此实现第一变速级142。
可以看出，在此处所描绘的实施例中，输出元件220的旋转轴线相对驱动单元100的旋转轴线101横向偏移。
以这种方式，可将由内燃机(在此未示出)生成的旋转运动经由输出元件220、连接元件230和第一变速级142传递至第一轴130，使得位于该第一变速级上的第一电机110的转子111可设置为旋转运动，以便作为发电机操作。
当分离离合器150闭合时，所施加的旋转运动可从第一轴130传递至输出轴140，该旋转轴任选地通过第一电机110的电动机驱动而增强。由于第二电机120的转子122连接至输出轴140以便联合旋转，由第二电机120提供的扭矩也可施加至输出轴140。
替代地，当分离离合器150打开时，仅第二电机120能够单独操作以便旋转输出轴140。
输出轴140的旋转运动经由其外齿141传递至所连接的变速器160的第一齿轮161，由此实现第二变速级162。
扭矩或旋转运动从第一齿轮161传递至直接驱动副轴163，从该直接驱动副轴经由输入齿轮171传递至差动变速器170。
扭矩从差动变速器170传递至在此未示出的车轮驱动轴，或者根据需要传递至另一个变速器，以提高或降低扭矩或rpm。
所描绘的驱动装置200允许实现广泛多种驱动状态，诸如：单独操作内燃机来驱动机动车辆，或者在还添加了第二电机120和/或第一电机110的情况下操作内燃机来驱动机动车辆；以及在内燃机和/或第二电机120的操作期间对第一电机110的同时发电机操作；以及对第二电机120的单独操作，或者还对第一电机110和/或第二电机120的再生操作。
至少第一电机110可以发电机模式操作，其中第一电机110的额定rpm n1与第二电机120的额定rpm n2具有以下关系：n1>1.2×n2。
联接至输出元件220的用于连接此处未示出的内燃机的连接元件230明显设计为具有比第一轴130的外齿131更大的直径，以便实现第一变速级142，从而将输出元件220的rpm转换成更高的rpm。因此，第一电机110可在最佳rpm范围内作为发电机操作。
通过此处提出的驱动单元和配备有该驱动单元的驱动装置，提供了将能量最佳的发电机操作与较小的安装空间需求相结合的装置。
附图标记说明
100 驱动单元
101 旋转轴线
102 驱动单元的壳体
110 第一电机
111 第一电机的转子
112 第一电机的定子
120 第二电机
121 第二电机的转子
122 第二电机的定子
130 第一轴
131 第一轴的外齿
132 在中心延伸的中空轴
133 毂
140 输出轴
141 输出轴的外齿
142 第一传动比
150 分离离合器
151 分离离合器的径向内侧
152 分离离合器的径向外侧
153 致动系统
160 变速器
161 第一齿轮
162 第二变速级
163 直接驱动副轴
164 直接驱动副轴的外齿
170 差动变速器
171 输入齿轮
172 第三变速级
200 驱动装置
210 用于内燃机的连接件
220 输出元件
221 减振器单元
222 离合器
223 内齿齿轮。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于电力可驱动机动车辆，特别是混合动力机动车辆的动力传动系的驱动单元(100)，所述驱动单元具有第一电机(110)以及第二电机(120)和第一轴(130)以及输出轴(140)，其中所述第一电机(110)的转子(111)连接至所述第一轴(130)以便联合旋转并且所述第二电机(120)的转子(121)连接至所述输出轴(140)以便联合旋转，并且其中所述驱动单元(100)还具有分离离合器(150)，利用所述分离离合器，所述第一电机(110)的转子(111)可连接至或连接至所述输出轴(140)以用于扭矩传递，其中所述驱动单元(100)还具有连接元件(230)，用于连接内燃机，其特征在于，所述第一电机(110)可以发电机模式操作并且所述第一电机(110)的额定rpm n1与所述第二电机(120)的额定rpm n2具有以下关系：
n1＞1.2×n2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，所述驱动单元包括第一变速级(142)，其中所述第一变速级(142)的齿轮变速比为i<1，特别是i<0.8。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，所述第一电机(110)的径向范围小于所述第二电机(120)的径向范围。
4.根据权利要求3所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，电力电子器件和/或所述驱动单元(100)的冷却装置的至少一部分在径向上紧邻所述第一电机(110)布置。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的驱动单元，其特征在于，所述第一变速级由包括内齿齿轮(223)的所述连接元件(230)和具有外齿(131)的所述第一轴(130)形成，其中所述两个齿(223、131)彼此啮合，以用于将所述旋转运动从所述连接元件(230)传递至所述第一轴(130)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，所述分离离合器(150)在轴向方向上布置在所述第一电机(110)和所述第二电机(120)之间，其中所述分离离合器(150)特别地为多片离合器。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，所述第一电机(110)的额定扭矩M1与所述第二电机(120)的额定扭矩M2具有以下关系：
M1/M2＜0.4。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动单元(100)，其特征在于，所述驱动单元(100)具有第二变速级(162)，所述第二变速级由所述输出轴(140)的齿特别是外齿(141)和与所述输出轴(140)的齿(141)啮合的第一齿轮(161)形成，并且实现了所述输出轴(140)的所述rpm的i>1的齿轮变速比。
9.一种具有根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的驱动单元以及内燃机的驱动装置，所述内燃机经由所述连接元件(230)联接至或可联接至所述第一电机(110)的转子(111)以便借助于所述内燃机的输出元件(220)联合旋转。
10.根据权利要求9所述的驱动装置，其特征在于，所述内燃机的最佳rpm范围为2000min-1至4000min-1。
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