CN112323182A - 一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112323182A CN112323182A CN202010948236.3A CN202010948236A CN112323182A CN 112323182 A CN112323182 A CN 112323182A CN 202010948236 A CN202010948236 A CN 202010948236A CN 112323182 A CN112323182 A CN 112323182A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon fiber
- carbon
- net tire
- needled
- preparing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/26—Polymers or copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- D06M2101/28—Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/35—Abrasion, pilling or fibrillation resistance
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法。本发明的特点是通过优化干喷湿纺碳纤维原丝上油、碳纤维上浆等生产工序,获得了具有高强度、高抗氧化性以及成网性能优良的碳纤维。制备的碳纤维力学性能优良,拉伸强度≥4900MPa,模量≥235GPa;碳纤维灰分低,其残留质量分数小于0.02%;碳纤维丝束耐磨性好、成网性能均匀,起毛量小于5mg;碳纤维抗氧化性好,在空气环境800℃时残留质量分数达到75%以上。本发明适合碳纤维在碳碳复合材料针刺网胎领域的应用,例如刹车盘市场、航天部件、热场部件等,有助于提升高温氧环境下的材料的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,属于高性能功能化碳纤维制备技术领域。
背景技术
碳碳复合材料具有高导热性、低膨胀系数、抗热冲击性能好以及尺寸稳定性高等优点,在航天部件、刹车盘、热场部件等领域已有广泛应用。然而,以碳纤维为增强相的碳碳复合材料应用中,往往在高温顺氧化的环境下工作,当温度高于450℃时碳纤维即出现明显的强度下降和氧化失重。如何提升碳纤维在高温顺氧环境下的碳碳制品强度和使用寿命,是功能化碳纤维研究的重要内容。例如专利CN106007761A公开了一种纤维表面含硼热解碳层的制备方法,将纤维浸渍于含硼化物的酚醛树脂上浆剂中并热解,表面引入厚度均匀的含硼热解碳涂层来提高材料的韧性和抗氧化性。而本发明通过优化干喷湿纺碳纤维原丝上油、碳纤维上浆等生产工序,获得了具有高强度、高抗氧化性以及成网性能优良的碳纤维,适合于碳碳复合材料针刺网胎的应用。
发明内容
为了满足碳纤维在高温顺氧环境下的碳碳制品强度和使用寿命要求,本发明提供一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法。
实现本发明目的提供技术方案如下:
一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a)采用高耐热性改性聚二甲基硅氧烷油剂对聚丙烯腈原丝进行上油工序处理,该油剂在300℃具有90%以上的残留质量分数,碳纤维原丝的含油率控制在0.5~1.5%之间;
b)制备碳纤维原丝,通过聚合原液喷丝板牵伸纺丝,经过30~50℃水洗、60~80℃水牵、20~30℃上油、150~200℃烘干、0.3~0.6MPa的饱和蒸汽牵伸、120~190℃热辊干燥得到;
c)采用改性邻甲酚环氧树脂乳液为上浆剂主料,具有耐热温度高、交联密度大、收缩率低的特点,上浆工序控制碳纤维含胶在0.5-1.0%之间;
d)制备碳纤维,将碳纤维原丝在200~300℃进行预氧化,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.0倍;低温碳化温度为400~800℃,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.05倍;高温碳化温度为1100~1500℃,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.0倍的条件下得到碳纤维。
优选地,所述的碳纤维原丝的含油率控制在0.5~1.0%之间。
优选地,所述的碳纤维含胶控制在0.5~0.8%之间。
优选地,所述的碳纤维的体密度控制在1.78~1.80g/cm3之间。
优选地,所述的碳纤维丝束起毛量小于5mg。
优选地,所述的碳纤维在空气环境中加热,从20℃以20℃/min速率升温至800℃时具有75%以上的残留质量分数。
本发明相对于现有技术相比具有显著优点:
1、本发明通过优化干喷湿纺碳纤维原丝上油、碳纤维上浆等生产工序,获得了具有高强度、高抗氧化性以及成网性能优良的碳纤维。本发明适合碳纤维在碳碳复合材料针刺网胎领域的应用,例如刹车盘市场、航天部件、热场部件等,有助于提升高温氧环境下的材料的使用寿命。
2、制备的碳纤维采用改性邻甲酚环氧树脂乳液为上浆剂主料,上浆剂含量在0.5~1.0%之间,具有良好的分散性、成网均匀性和抗氧化性。
3、制备的碳纤维具有优异的耐磨性能、毛丝断丝少。
4、制备的碳纤维具有优异的抗氧化性,在空气环境中加热从20℃以20℃/min速率升温至800℃时具有75%以上的残留质量分数。
5、制备的碳纤维针刺网胎制备的碳碳复合材料使用寿命达到6个月以上。
6、制备的碳纤维灰分低,其残留质量分数小于0.02%
附图说明
图1是高抗氧化性碳纤维在空气环境中的热失重曲线。
具体实施方式
下面利用具体实施例进一步说明本发明的内容和技术方案,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明思想情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的简单修改或替换,均属于本发明的范围。
具体通过以下步骤实现:
步骤1:制备碳纤维原丝,通过聚合原液喷丝板牵伸纺丝,经过35℃水洗、65℃水牵、25℃上油、170℃烘干、0.4MPa的饱和蒸汽牵伸、175℃热辊干燥得到。
步骤2:制备碳纤维,将碳纤维原丝在200~300℃进行预氧化,牵伸倍数为0.97倍;低温碳化温度为400~800℃,牵伸倍数为1.03倍;高温碳化温度为1000~1600℃,牵伸倍数为0.98倍的条件下得到碳纤维。
实施例1:碳纤维原丝的含油率0.64%,碳纤维含胶0.85%,碳纤维拉伸强度5107MPa,拉伸模量236GPa,碳纤维体密度1.783g/cm3,碳纤维灰分0.015%,起毛量1.8mg,热氧化残留质量分数77.0%。
实施例2:碳纤维原丝的含油率0.73%,碳纤维含胶0.76%,碳纤维拉伸强度5289MPa,拉伸模量238GPa,碳纤维体密度1.785g/cm3,碳纤维灰分0.017%,起毛量2.3mg,热氧化残留质量分数78.5%。
实施例3:碳纤维原丝的含油率0.59%,碳纤维含胶0.65%,碳纤维拉伸强度5065MPa,拉伸模量236GPa,碳纤维体密度1.783g/cm3,碳纤维灰分0.014%,起毛量2.4mg,热氧化残留质量分数75.7%。
比较例1:碳纤维原丝的含油率1.15%,碳纤维含胶0.83%,碳纤维拉伸强度4734MPa,拉伸模量235GPa,碳纤维体密度1.779g/cm3,碳纤维灰分0.031%,起毛量1.8mg,热氧化残留质量分数72.1%。
比较例2:碳纤维原丝的含油率0.42%,碳纤维含胶0.39%,碳纤维拉伸强度4586MPa,拉伸模量236GPa,碳纤维体密度1.777g/cm3,碳纤维灰分0.011%,起毛量5.7mg,热氧化残留质量分数68.0%。
从以上实施例及比较例可以看到,原丝含油率和碳纤维含胶量,对碳纤维的强度、灰分、耐磨性及抗氧化性具有重要影响。例如原丝含油率越低,碳纤维的灰分越低;碳纤维的含胶量越高,纤维起毛量越低。同样地,过高或过低含油和含胶率也会带来碳纤维的力学特性、表观特性及抗氧化特性变差。
综上,本发明公开的一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法。通过优化干喷湿纺碳纤维原丝上油、碳纤维上浆等生产工序,获得了具有高强度、高抗氧化性以及成网性能优良的碳纤维。本发明适合碳纤维在碳碳复合材料针刺网胎领域的应用,例如刹车盘市场、航天部件、热场部件等,有助于提升高温氧环境下的材料的使用寿命。
Claims (6)
1.一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
a)采用高耐热性改性聚二甲基硅氧烷油剂对聚丙烯腈原丝进行上油工序处理,碳纤维原丝的含油率控制在0.5~1.5%之间;
b)制备碳纤维原丝,通过聚合原液喷丝板牵伸纺丝,经过30~50℃水洗、60~80℃水牵、20~30℃上油、150~200℃烘干、0.3~0.6MPa的饱和蒸汽牵伸、120~190℃热辊干燥得到;
c)采用改性邻甲酚环氧树脂乳液为上浆剂主料,上浆工序控制碳纤维含胶在0.5-1.0%之间;
d)制备碳纤维,将碳纤维原丝在200~300℃进行预氧化,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.0倍;再经过低温碳化,温度为400~800℃,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.05倍;然后高温碳化,温度为1100~1500℃,牵伸倍数为0.95~1.0倍的条件下得到碳纤维;制得的碳纤维具有良好的力学性能,碳纤维的拉伸强度≥4900MPa,模量≥235GPa,断裂伸长率≥2.0%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:碳纤维原丝的含油率控制在0.5~1.0%之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的碳纤维含胶控制在0.5~0.8%之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的碳纤维的体密度控制在1.78~1.80g/cm3之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的碳纤维丝束起毛量小于5mg。
6.根据权利要求1所述的碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的碳纤维在空气环境中加热,从20℃以20℃/min速率升温至800℃。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010948236.3A CN112323182A (zh) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | 一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010948236.3A CN112323182A (zh) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | 一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN112323182A true CN112323182A (zh) | 2021-02-05 |
Family
ID=74303243
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010948236.3A Pending CN112323182A (zh) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | 一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN112323182A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113897707A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-07 | 中复神鹰碳纤维股份有限公司 | 一种航空级预浸料用碳纤维的制备方法 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005314830A (ja) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-10 | Toho Tenax Co Ltd | ポリアクリロニトリル系炭素繊維及びその製造方法 |
US20100143713A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2010-06-10 | Toray Industries, A Corporation Of Japan | Carbon fiber, process for production of polyacrylonitrile-base precursor fiber for carbon fiber production, and process for production of carbon fiber |
CN105401262A (zh) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-16 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种基于快速纺丝和高纤度原丝的中模碳纤维制备方法 |
CN109881280A (zh) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-14 | 北京化工大学 | 一种聚丙烯腈纤维、制备方法及其碳纤维的制备方法 |
CN111074381A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种基于干喷湿纺高强中模航空用碳纤维的制备方法 |
CN111139555A (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-12 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种高耐热性油剂及其聚丙烯腈碳纤维的制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-09-10 CN CN202010948236.3A patent/CN112323182A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005314830A (ja) * | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-10 | Toho Tenax Co Ltd | ポリアクリロニトリル系炭素繊維及びその製造方法 |
US20100143713A1 (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2010-06-10 | Toray Industries, A Corporation Of Japan | Carbon fiber, process for production of polyacrylonitrile-base precursor fiber for carbon fiber production, and process for production of carbon fiber |
CN105401262A (zh) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-16 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种基于快速纺丝和高纤度原丝的中模碳纤维制备方法 |
CN109881280A (zh) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-14 | 北京化工大学 | 一种聚丙烯腈纤维、制备方法及其碳纤维的制备方法 |
CN111074381A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种基于干喷湿纺高强中模航空用碳纤维的制备方法 |
CN111139555A (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-12 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | 一种高耐热性油剂及其聚丙烯腈碳纤维的制备方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113897707A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-07 | 中复神鹰碳纤维股份有限公司 | 一种航空级预浸料用碳纤维的制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Chand | Review carbon fibers for composites | |
CN111560666B (zh) | 一种聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝预氧化方法 | |
US8236273B2 (en) | Method of producing pre-oxidation fiber and carbon fiber | |
JPS6118951B2 (zh) | ||
WO2005121592A1 (en) | Method for producing carbon-carbon brake material with improved initial friction coefficient or “bite” | |
CN109023594B (zh) | 超高强度、中高模量属性的聚丙烯腈碳纤维及其制备方法 | |
US4350672A (en) | Binderless carbon or graphite articles | |
CN103184590B (zh) | 一种强度为4800~5000MPa碳纤维的制备方法 | |
CN107287699B (zh) | 一种聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝快速预氧化工艺 | |
CN111118671B (zh) | 一种25k大丝束碳纤维的制备方法 | |
CN114438783A (zh) | 一种高导热c/c复合材料的制备方法 | |
CN112323182A (zh) | 一种碳碳复合材料针刺网胎用碳纤维的制备方法 | |
CN108456950B (zh) | 一种高模量高导热沥青基炭纤维的制备方法 | |
CN114836900A (zh) | 一种超细粘胶基碳纤维隔热硬毡及其制备方法 | |
CN108203848A (zh) | 一种高强高导热高模量沥青基碳纤维及其制备方法 | |
CN108251919B (zh) | 一种间歇加连续式的沥青基石墨纤维长丝制备方法 | |
Wu et al. | Effect of boric acid on oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile fibers | |
CN110983491A (zh) | 一种低温制造高导热中间相沥青基碳纤维的方法 | |
CN107881599B (zh) | 一种提高聚丙烯腈基碳纤维强度的方法 | |
US4571317A (en) | Process for producing binderless carbon or graphite articles | |
US5348719A (en) | Process for producing carbon fibers having high strand strength | |
CN116024701A (zh) | 一种聚丙烯腈基大丝束碳纤维及其制备方法 | |
CN114197111A (zh) | 一种通用级沥青基炭纤维无纺毡的制备方法 | |
JP3433473B2 (ja) | 炭素繊維強化炭素複合材とその製造方法及びそれを用いた摺動材 | |
CN117987964A (zh) | 一种聚丙烯腈基大丝束碳纤维的制备方法及得到的碳纤维 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |