CN112301521A - 一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112301521A
CN112301521A CN202011043412.5A CN202011043412A CN112301521A CN 112301521 A CN112301521 A CN 112301521A CN 202011043412 A CN202011043412 A CN 202011043412A CN 112301521 A CN112301521 A CN 112301521A
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knitted fabric
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董勤霞
马仁和
林世芬
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Ningbo Daqian Textile Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：S1：将纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈及分散剂一起置于溶剂中充分搅拌，将共混纺丝原液挤出拉伸得到导电纳米纤维；S2：将导电纳米纤维纺成导电纳米纤维纱线；S3：配置有机溶液；S4：将有机溶液雾化喷洒、浸轧或浸渍分散到导电纳米纤维纱线上，使单体由有机溶液中沉析到导电纳米纤维纱线表面，并进行连锁接枝聚合反应，制得超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线；S5：提供一织造工艺，通过纬编大圆机将超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线、抗菌纤维纱线和涤纶长丝织造成超疏水导电纳米针织面料。本发明提供的超疏水导电纳米针织面料，对水表现出大于150°接触角，和小于15°滚动角，兼具导电性和高防水性。

Description

一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及面料领域，尤其涉及一种超疏水导电纳米纤维的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
各种各样的生活、工作环境，使得人们对面料的性能提出了各种各样的要求。例如：由于各种频率、波长的电磁波充满我们的生活空间，对人体健康造成一定影响，同时由于电磁感应和摩擦产生的静电大量聚集，容易引起燃烧、爆炸等破坏性的后果，面料这时候就需要具有一定的防静电性能；在面对雨、雪、露、霜的天气时，面料还需要具有一定的防水性能。
因此，为了满足人们的需求，提供具有防静电和防水性能的面料，是一个重要的研究方向。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术中的上述问题提出的。
一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1：将纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈及分散剂一起置于溶剂中充分搅拌，使聚丙烯腈溶解，制得共混纺丝原液，将共混纺丝原液挤出拉伸得到导电纳米纤维；
S2：提供一纺纱工艺将所述导电纳米纤维纺成导电纳米纤维纱线；
S3：以甲基丙烯酸酯类或丙烯酸酯类为单体，以二乙烯基苯或乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂，以甲基丙烯酸异氰基乙酯为固定剂，以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂，配置成有机溶液；
S4：将所述有机溶液通过雾化喷洒、浸轧或浸渍分散到所述导电纳米纤维纱线上，加热挥发有机溶剂后，使单体由有机溶液中沉析到所述导电纳米纤维纱线表面，并进行连锁接枝聚合反应，制得超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线；
S5：提供一织造工艺，通过纬编大圆机将所述超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线、抗菌纤维纱线和涤纶长丝织造成超疏水导电纳米针织面料。
优选地，纳米掺锑二氧化锡粉体(ATO)、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈的质量比为1：1～100：16～4000。
优选地，所述碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管中的至少一种。
优选地，步骤S1中所述分散剂为硅烷偶联剂或钛酸酯偶联剂。
优选地，所述的超疏水导电纳米针织面料与水滴的接触角超过150°。
优选地，步骤S3中所述单体的浓度范围为0.15～2.27mol/L。
优选地，步骤S3中所述交联剂与单体摩尔比为1:60～90。
优选地，步骤S3中所述固定剂的浓度范围为2.5～3.6mmol/L；所述引发剂的浓度范围为8.2～9.2mmol/L。
优选地，步骤S4中的所述微小液滴的粒径小于等于5μm。
本发明的第二方面提供采用上述方法制备的超疏水导电纳米针织面料，从外到内，依次包括表层、中空层和里料层；所述表层采用所述超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线，所述中空层采用涤纶长丝，所述里料层采用抗菌纤维纱线。
优选地，中空层中的所述涤纶长丝通过集圈将表层和里料层连接起来。
优选地，所述抗菌纤维纱线由聚酯纤维纺成。
进一步地，所述聚酯纤维为PET、PBT、PTT中的一种或二种。
优选地，抗菌纤维纱线中的抗菌剂为纳米级银离子粉体；进一步的，所述纳米级银离子粉体的直径小于0.5μm。
本发明采用上述技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有如下技术效果：
本发明提供的超疏水导电纳米针织面料，对水表现出大于150°接触角，和小于15°滚动角，具有高防水性；本发明工艺简单、生产效率高，纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体和碳纳米管配合，可以大幅度改善聚丙烯腈纤维的导电性能；同时，本发明提供的超疏水导电纳米针织面料，通过超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线与抗菌聚酯纤维纱线的复合，面料在具有防水性和导电性的性能的同时，兼顾抗菌性。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的结构示意图；
图中标记表示说明：
1-表层；2-线圈连接层；3-里料层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不作为本发明的限定。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1：将纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈及分散剂一起置于溶剂中充分搅拌，使聚丙烯腈溶解，制得共混纺丝原液，将共混纺丝原液挤出拉伸得到导电纳米纤维；
S2：提供一纺纱工艺将导电纳米纤维纺成导电纳米纱线；
S3：以甲基丙烯酸酯类或丙烯酸酯类为单体，以二乙烯基苯或乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂，以甲基丙烯酸异氰基乙酯为固定剂，以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂，配置成有机溶液，
S4：将有机溶液通过雾化喷洒、浸轧或浸渍分散到导电纳米纱线上，加热挥发有机溶剂后，使单体由有机溶液中沉析到导电纳米纱线表面，并进行连锁接枝聚合反应，制得超疏水导电纳米纱线；
S5：提供一织造工艺，通过纬编大圆机将超疏水导电纳米纱线、抗菌纤维纱线和涤纶长丝织造成超疏水导电纳米针织面料。
本实施例中，纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈的质量比为1：10：100。其中，碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管，分散剂为乙二醇。
本实施例中，步骤S3中单体的浓度为2.21mol/L，交联剂与单体摩尔比为1:80，固定剂的浓度范围为3.0mmol/L，引发剂的浓度范围为8.5mmol/L。
本实施例中，超疏水导电纳米针织面料与水滴的接触角为164°。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1：将纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈及分散剂一起置于溶剂中充分搅拌，使聚丙烯腈溶解，制得共混纺丝原液，将共混纺丝原液挤出拉伸得到导电纳米纤维；
S2：提供一纺纱工艺将导电纳米纤维纺成导电纳米纱线；
S3：以甲基丙烯酸酯类或丙烯酸酯类为单体，以二乙烯基苯或乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂，以甲基丙烯酸异氰基乙酯为固定剂，以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂，配置成有机溶液，
S4：将有机溶液通过雾化喷洒、浸轧或浸渍分散到导电纳米纱线上，加热挥发有机溶剂后，使单体由有机溶液中沉析到导电纳米纱线表面，并进行连锁接枝聚合反应，制得超疏水导电纳米纱线；
S5：提供一织造工艺，通过纬编大圆机将超疏水导电纳米纱线、抗菌纤维纱线和涤纶长丝织造成超疏水导电纳米针织面料。
本实施例中，纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈的质量比为1：20：180。其中，碳纳米管为双碳纳米管，分散剂为乙二醇。
本实施例中，步骤S3中单体的浓度范围为2.057mol/L，交联剂与单体摩尔比为1:80，固定剂的浓度范围为3.0mmol/L，引发剂的浓度范围为8.3mmol/L。
本实施例中，步骤S4中的微小液滴的粒径小于等于5微米。
本实施例中，超疏水导电纳米针织面料与水滴的接触角超过159°。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料，采用实施例2中的方法制备，超疏水导电纳米针织面料，从外到内，依次包括表层、中空层和里料层；表层采用超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线，中空层采用涤纶长丝；里料层采用抗菌纤维纱线。
本实施例中，中空层中的涤纶长丝通过集圈将表层和里料层连接起来。
本实施例中，抗菌纤维纱线由聚酯纤维纺成。
本实施例中，聚酯纤维为PET。
本实施例中，抗菌纤维纱线中的抗菌剂为纳米级银离子粉体；进一步的，纳米级银离子粉体的直径小于0.5μm。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述，但其只是作为范例，本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言，任何对本发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改，都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
S1：将纳米掺锑二氧化锡粉体、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈及分散剂一起置于溶剂中充分搅拌，使聚丙烯腈溶解，制得共混纺丝原液，将共混纺丝原液挤出拉伸得到导电纳米纤维；
S2：提供一纺纱工艺将所述导电纳米纤维纺成导电纳米纤维纱线；
S3：以甲基丙烯酸酯类或丙烯酸酯类为单体，以二乙烯基苯或乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂，以甲基丙烯酸异氰基乙酯为固定剂，以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂，配置成有机溶液；
S4：将所述有机溶液通过雾化喷洒、浸轧或浸渍分散到所述导电纳米纤维纱线上，加热挥发有机溶剂后，使单体由有机溶液中沉析到所述导电纳米纤维纱线表面，并进行连锁接枝聚合反应，制得超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线；
S5：提供一织造工艺，通过纬编大圆机将所述超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线、抗菌纤维纱线和涤纶长丝织造成超疏水导电纳米针织面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，纳米掺锑二氧化锡、碳纳米管、聚丙烯腈的质量比为1：1～100：16～4000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述碳纳米管为单壁碳纳米管、多壁碳纳米管中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述分散剂为硅烷偶联剂或钛酸酯偶联剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的超疏水导电纳米针织面料与水滴的接触角超过150°。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述单体的浓度范围为0.15～2.27mol/L。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述交联剂与单体摩尔比为1:60～90。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述固定剂的浓度范围为2.5～3.6mmol/L；所述引发剂的浓度范围为8.2～9.2mmol/L。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S4中的所述微小液滴的粒径小于等于5微米。
10.一种超疏水导电纳米针织面料，采用如权利要求1-9任一项所述的制备方法制备，其特征在于，从外到内，依次包括表层、中空层和里料层；所述表层采用所述超疏水导电纳米纤维纱线，所述中空层采用涤纶长丝，所述里料层采用抗菌纤维纱线，所述中空层中的所述涤纶长丝通过集圈将所述表层和所述里料层连接起来。
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