CN112301157B - 一种快速检测猫细小病毒(fpv)的rda方法及试剂盒 - Google Patents
一种快速检测猫细小病毒(fpv)的rda方法及试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种快速检测猫细小病毒(Feline panleukopenia virus,FPV)的RDA方法及试剂盒,包括特异性引物对以及RDA荧光标记探针,以实现对猫细小病毒(FPV)的安全、特异、灵敏、简便的检测,从而弥补现有传统检测技术的不足。本发明中提供的试剂盒可省去核酸提取步骤,在恒温条件下20min内实现猫细小病毒(FPV)的检测,特异性为100%,与普通PCR方法相比,RDA荧光法在恒温下反应,不需变温,不需复杂仪器,而且反应时间短,适用于现场快速检测。本发明的方法及其试剂盒具有操作简单、快速、特异性好、灵敏度高、成本低廉等特点,可为猫细小病毒(FPV)现场快速检测筛查提供有效的技术手段,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物学技术领域。更具体地,涉及一种基于RDA荧光法检测技术检测猫细小病毒(Feline panleukopenia virus,FPV)核酸的引物对、探针及相关试剂盒。
背景技术
猫细小病毒(Feline panleukopenia virus,FPV)又称猫泛白细胞减少症病毒、猫传染性肠炎病毒或猫瘟病毒。FPV属细小病毒科,细小病毒亚科,牛犬细小病毒属成员,是单股无囊膜的NDA病毒。FPV主要感染猫科和鼬科等多种动物,是目前肉食兽细小病毒属中感染范围最广、致病性最强的一种病毒。猫泛白细胞减少症是一种急性、高度接触性传染病。猫感染FPV后临床主要以高热、呕吐、白细胞严重减少和肠炎为特征。感染率达70%,死亡率一般为50%~60%。此病存在于世界各地,中国的安徽、山东、河南、河北、浙江、湖北、四川、陕西、山西、广西等地均有本病发生,对猫及猫科动物危害极大。因此,建立一种快速、准确、特异和灵敏的检测方法势在必行。
由于猫可较好的耐受麻醉和一般手术,具有手术时能保持正常血压等特殊的生理学特性,因此近年来不仅作为宠物,作为实验动物在医学、生物学等研究领域的应用也越来越广泛,越来越多的被用于形觉波剥夺性弱视、食管病等研究,在降压实验中作为弱视动物模型及高眼压动物模型等,具有不可替代的作用。尤其是在药品的降压物质检查中,猫作为中国药典规定的实验动物。但是,目前在实验动物国家标准及地方标准中,均没有对实验用猫的质量检测要求及相关规定。本研究旨在建立简单、快速、特异、敏感的FPV PCR检测方法,开展对临床患猫及实验用猫携带FPV核酸的检测。该方法的发明和应用对今后开展实验用猫的检测工作及实验用猫标准化研究具有积极的促进作用,同时通过对猫细小病毒携带情况的检测,为猫质量控制标准的制定提供参考依据。
分子生物学的检测大多基于PCR,检测时需要依赖PCR仪或昂贵的实时定量PCR仪,及其它多种配套设备,需配备专门的PCR实验室和专业操作人员,其成本和应用范围均受到一定限制。随着体外核酸恒温扩增的悄然兴起,传统扩增技术的局限性有所改变,在过去的十年中,使核酸体外扩增变得更加简单和方便的一些等温核酸扩增技术已得到快速发展,如LAMP(环介导核酸扩增技术)、HDA(解旋酶依赖等温核酸扩增技术)等均可在等温条件下扩增DNA。这些技术只需要温度控制装置来保持一个恒定反应温度,就可以实现高效的核酸扩增,从而得以摆脱对精密控制温度变化的PCR仪的依赖。若能在更低的温度条件下,甚至在常温条件下实现核酸的扩增,将进一步使核酸扩增技术简单化,并有利于此类技术更广范围的应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有猫细小病毒检测技术的缺陷和不足。研究得到一种猫细小病毒(FPV)RDA荧光法检测试剂盒,实现猫细小病毒(FPV)的快速检测,在检测FPV的整个过程中,从样本处理到结果完成,仅需20-30min,大大缩短了常规的检测时间,提高检测效率。该技术可结合便携式的样本处理技术,不依赖于实验室设备,可采样现场进行检测,对FPV感染等疾病控制具有重要意义。
本发明目的在于,提供优选后的检测猫细小病毒的探针及引物对。
所述探针核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO .1或SEQ ID NO .2所示。
优选地,采用两种方案设计RDA荧光标记探针,第一种方案为:在靶标区域选择25-35bp保守序列为探针序列,5’端标记发光基团,3’端标记淬灭基团,第5-10位碱基中任一位置用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代。第二种方案为:探针长度为 46-52 个核甘酸,其中至少 30个位于 THF 位点的 5’端,另外至少 15 个位于其 3’端。通过系列实验比对,两种探针设计方案均适用于RDA荧光检测方法,在检测的灵敏度和特异性上无明显差异。
优选地,所述核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO .1的探针,其5’端标记发光基团,3’端标记淬灭基团,第5-10位碱基中任一位置用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,其具体信息如下:
FPV-P1(SEQ ID NO .1):5’
-FAM-ATAAT[THF]CTATGCCATTTACTCCAGCAGCTA-BHQ1 -3′
优选地,所述核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO .2的探针,其5’端起第36位碱基T标记FAM发光基团,第37位碱基用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,第38位碱基标记BHQ1淬灭基团,3’端进行C3-spacer阻断修饰(SEQ ID NO .2):其具体信息如下:
FPV-P2(SEQ ID NO .2):
5’-TGATGGTTGCATTAGATAGTAATAATACTATGCCA[FAM-dT][THF]
[BHQ1-dT]ACTCCAGCAGCTA[C3-spacer] -3
所述引物对核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO .3和SEQ ID NO .4所示,所述靶标序列如SEQ ID NO .5所示,其具体信息如下:
FPV-F1(SEQ ID NO .3): 5’-CAACTAAAGTTTATAATAATGATTTAACTG -3’;
FPV-R1(SEQ ID NO .4): 5’- ATCTCCATGGAGTTGGTATGGTTGGTTTC-3’。
本发明另一个目的在于,提供一种基于恒温扩增技术的检测猫细小病毒的试剂盒。
所述试剂盒包括核酸提取试剂、恒温扩增反应模块、阳性对照和阴性对照,以及所述的探针及所述的引物。
优选地,所述恒温扩增反应模块为恒温扩增反应混合试剂的冻干粉试剂。
优选地,所述恒温扩增反应混合试剂为RPA或重组酶依赖型扩增技术(Recombinase-dependent amplification,RDA)恒温扩增反应混合试剂。
本发明另一个目的在于,提供一种基于重组酶依赖型扩增技术(Recombinase-dependent amplification,RDA)的检测猫细小病毒的试剂盒。
重组酶依赖型扩增技术(Recombinase-dependent amplification,RDA)通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明利用生物信息学方法,对批量的蛋白结构进行分析模拟和高通量虚拟筛选,并通过大量的生物学实验验证,最终找到了新的稳定性高的重组酶组合。具体地,本发明开发了一种新的重组酶组合为重组酶KX和辅助蛋白KY,所述重组酶KX,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.6所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.7所示,辅助蛋白KY的核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO.8所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示。
所述重组酶KX可以替代RPA反应中重组酶UvsX或RecA使用,所述KY蛋白可以替代RPA反应中UvsY蛋白使用。
重组酶KX与T4 UvsX 蛋白序列同源性为50%(201/395)。基于此重组酶组合,本团队开发了一种新的稳定性高、特异性强的重组酶依赖型扩增技术(RDA)的检测方法和检测系统。本发明中重组酶KX的制备工艺简单,产量和稳定性大幅提高,量产成本低。且基于此重组酶组合开发的扩增技术,所需引物短(18-30bp),对靶标序列的长度要求低,适用性广。进一步的,该技术对核酸靶标序列的检测特异性好、灵敏度高,可在25-42℃的恒温条件下实现高灵敏、高精度的快速分子检测,检测成本低廉、操作方便快捷,具有广阔的应用前景。
所述重组酶KX和蛋白KY来源于Escherichia phage phT4A噬菌体,Escherichiaphage phT4A属于Myoviridae科,Tevenvirinae亚科中Slopekvirus属。
所述重组酶KX和蛋白KY能够在大肠杆菌中实现大量可溶性表达。
具体地作为一种可选择的方案,其制备方法如下:
S1. 将目的基因表达片段导入表达载体中,得到重组表达载体;
S2. 将所述重组表达载体转入表达菌,得到重组工程菌;
S3. 对所述重组工程菌进行诱导培养,经过工程菌富集和超声破碎后离心得到未纯化的重组酶;
S4. 将未纯化的重组酶经过层析纯化得到重组酶KX。纯化得到的重组酶KX在低温不出现凝结或沉淀的现象。
其中,步骤S1中所述目的基因表达片段含有如SEQ ID NO.6所示的核酸序列,所述目的基因表达片段的 5’端具有BamHI 酶切位点黏性末端,所述目的基因表达片段的 3’端具有Sall 酶切位点黏性末端。
优选地,步骤S1中所述表达载体为pET-28a载体。
优选地,步骤S2中所述表达菌为大肠杆菌。
该制备工艺简单,产量和稳定性大幅提高,量产成本低。
优选地,所述重组酶依赖型扩增技术(RDA)的反应体系包括如下试剂:重组酶KX、KY蛋白、gp32蛋白、链置换DNA 聚合酶、核酸外切酶、肌酸激酶、磷酸肌酸、Tris-缓冲液、醋酸钾或醋酸钠、PEG20000或PEG35000、DTT、dNTPs、dATP、探针、引物对、醋酸镁。优选地,上述反应体系还包括检测模板,如待检样本DNA或RNA。
优选地,所述反应体系的反应条件为25-42℃下反应10-60min。
更优选地,所述反应体系的反应条件为39℃反应30min。
所述重组酶依赖型扩增技术(RDA)反应体系的反应原理为:(1)反应体系中重组酶与18-30bp 的特异性引物结合形成的重组酶-引物复合体,在双链 DNA 模板中寻找靶位点;(2)重组酶-引物复合体识别模板特异性序列后,发生定位并引发链交换,单链结合蛋白随即结合被置换的 DNA 链形成的D-Loop结构;(3)重组酶-引物复合体水解体系中的 dATP构象改变,重组酶解离后引物 3’端暴露并被 DNA 聚合酶识别,DNA 聚合酶按照模板序列在引物3'端启动DNA 合成;(4)DNA 聚合酶具有链置换功能,在引物延伸的同时继续解开模板的双螺旋 DNA 结构,DNA合成过程继续进行;(5)两条引物扩增完成即形成一个完整的扩增子;(6)在反应体系中dATP水解为重组酶供能后变成dADP,磷酸肌酸能在肌酸激酶的催化下将其磷酸基转移到dADP分子中形成dATP,从而恢复反应体系中dATP的水平。上述过程不断重复,最终实现核酸的高效扩增。
基于上述反应体系构建一种基于重组酶依赖型扩增技术(RDA)检测猫细小病毒(FPV)的试剂盒,包括核酸提取试剂,RDA恒温扩增反应模块,阳性对照和阴性对照,所述探针及所述引物。
优选的,所述RDA恒温扩增反应模块为RDA恒温扩增反应混合试剂的冻干粉。
优选的,所述RDA恒温扩增反应模块包含重组酶KX 60-600 ng/μL、KY蛋白16-192ng/μL、单链结合蛋白gp32 100-1000 ng/μL、链置换DNA聚合酶3-100 ng/μL、核酸外切酶30~200U、肌酸激酶0.1-0.8 mg/ml、磷酸肌酸25-75 mM、Tris缓冲液20-100mM、PEG2.5%-10%、醋酸钾或醋酸钠0-150 mM、dATP 1-5 mM、dNTPs 150-600 nM each、DTT 1-12 mM、探针150nM-600nM、引物对150-600nM。
优选地,Tris-缓冲液为Tris-tricine。
优选地,Tris- tricine的浓度为100mM。
所述核酸提取试剂包括Buffer A、Buffer B。Buffer A为样本裂解液,含有Tris-HCL缓冲体系、NaOH、SDS、EDTA、异硫氰酸胍、Tween80、曲拉通;Buffer B含有Tris缓冲体系、氯化钾、氯化镁;阳性对照为含有猫细小病毒(FPV)的靶标基因质粒,阴性对照为空载体pUC57质粒。
本发明再一个目的在于,提供一种基于重组酶依赖型扩增技术的检测猫细小病毒的检测方法。
所述检测方法包括以下步骤:提取待测样品的核酸,以待测样品的核酸为模板,在猫细小病毒的引物对、探针及RDA冻干粉试剂、Buffer A和Buffer B存在下进行实时荧光RDA反应,根据实时荧光RDA扩增曲线分析待测样品;其中所述探针的核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO .1或SEQ ID NO .2所示; 其中反应温度为25-42℃,反应时间大于10分钟。
优选的,包含以下步骤:
1)样本处理
将20μL Buffer A和5μL 阳性对照/阴性对照/待检样本(猫口鼻分泌物/血液/组织)震荡混匀,室温静置10-15min;
2)体系配制及检测
加入25μL Buffer B,震荡混匀后将50μL混合液加入RDA恒温扩增反应模块中,盖上管盖震荡离心,立即检测;反应程序为:39℃ 1分钟,30个循环,每分钟采集荧光信号,30min完成检测;
3)结果判定
按反应体系产生的荧光值达到阈值的时间即阈值时间(Time Threshold,Tt)为进行结果判读。
①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;
②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或Tt值≥25min,为有效结果;
③被检样本:
a.若Tt值 < 25min,判断为阳性;
b.若Tt值≥30min,判断为阴性;
c.若25min≤Tt值<30min,判为可疑,需重复检测进行确认;再次检测结果仍然是25min≤Tt值<30min,应参照阴性对照Tt值,若阴性对照Tt值≥30min,则判断为阳性。
从以上技术方案可以看出,本发明实施例具有以下优点:
1、本发明提供的试剂盒可以检测猫口鼻分泌物、血液、组织里的猫细小病毒DNA,具有操作简单、快速、灵敏的特点,为猫细小病毒的快速检测筛查提供有效的技术手段。
2、本发明提供的试剂盒采用RDA恒温扩增检测方法,在37~42℃条件下均可实现靶基因的有效扩增,不需变温,不需复杂仪器。反应时间短,20-30min即可完成反应,特异性为100%,检测灵敏度为1 copies/μl。
3、本发明RDA方法中重组酶KX 蛋白和KY蛋白在扩增过程中对靶标序列具有高度特异性,只有引物和模板序列完全互补才启动扩增,使扩增的特异性大大提高,从而实现无本底背景的高效恒温核酸扩增。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1重组酶筛选中4个蛋白的ATP水解活性结果图。
图2为本发明实施例1重组酶筛选中 4个蛋白的恒温扩增反应的琼脂糖凝胶图。
图3为本发明实施例1中KX蛋白三维结构图。
图4为本发明实施例1中KY蛋白七聚体三维结构图。
图5为本发明实施例1中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒的结果图。
图6为本发明实施例2中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒灵敏度测试结果图。
图7为本发明实施例3中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒特异性测试结果图。
图8为本发明实施例4中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒37度稳定性测试结果图。
图9为本发明实施例4中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒37度稳定性测试结果图。
图10为本发明实施例4中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒37度稳定性测试结果图。
图11为本发明实施例4中RDA荧光法检测试剂盒37度稳定性测试结果图。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。对于本领域技术人员来说,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
除非另有说明,本发明采用的免疫学、生物化学、化学、分子生物学、微生物学、细胞生物学、基因组学和重组DNA等是本领域的常规技能。参见萨姆布鲁克(Sambrook)、弗里奇(Fritsch)和马尼亚蒂斯(Maniatis),《分子克隆:实验室手册》(MOLECΜLARCLONING:ALABORATORYMANUAL),第2次编辑(1989);《当代分子生物学实验手册》(CURRENTPROTOCOLSINMOLECΜLARBIOLOGY)(F.M.奥苏贝尔(F.M.Ausubel)等人编辑,(1987));《酶学方法》(METHODSINENZYMOLOGY)系列(学术出版公司):《PCR2:实用方法》(PCR2:APRACTICALAPPROACH)(M.J.麦克弗森(M.J.MacPherson)、B.D.黑姆斯(B.D.Hames)和G.R.泰勒(G.R.Taylor)编辑(1995))、哈洛(Harlow)和拉内(Lane)编辑(1988)《抗体:实验室手册》(ANTIBODIES,ALABORATORYMANUAL),以及《动物细胞培养》(ANIMALCELLCΜLTURE)(R.I.弗雷谢尼(R.I.Freshney)编辑(1987))。
实施例1一种猫细小病毒(FPV)RDA荧光法检测试剂盒
(1)重组酶KX和KY蛋白的获取
已报道的重组酶UvsX稳定性差,难以量产和长期保存,为了解决这一问题,本研发团队利用生物信息学方法,通过对大批量的蛋白结构进行分析模拟,最终找到了一种新的重组酶KX及其辅助蛋白KY。
在本实施例中,研发团队通过提取重组酶结构中的关键功能位点信息,如DNA结合位点、ATP水解位点等,映射到蛋白质三维空间结构,获取二级结构信息和三级结构信息,通过综合一级结构序列的功能残基、二级结构特征和三级结构空间距离,构建了一个用于重组酶蛋白结构筛选的数据模型。通过从SwissProt、PDB数据查找在一级结构与重组酶蛋白匹配的模板,初步筛选出312个蛋白序列,然后分别进行二级结构和三级结构比对,计算相似性分值,根据相似性评分排名,模拟筛选出了15个疑似有重组酶活性的蛋白。
将这15个蛋白分别构建重组蛋白表达载体,分别表达纯化后,检测其水解ATP的能力,其中有4个蛋白有ATP水解活性,分别为KX、X-1、X-2、X-3蛋白。实验中使用萤火虫荧光素酶 ATP 生物发光检测试剂盒,严格按照说明书的操作进行实验,结果如图1所示。
将有ATP水解活性4个蛋白配制成恒温扩增体系进行扩增反应,结果如图2所示,N为阴性对照,P为加入T4UvsX扩增的阳性对照,1~4分别加入的蛋白为KX、X-1、X-2、X-3,其中只有KX蛋白有扩增活性。KX蛋白源自Escherichia phage phT4A噬菌体,其三维结构图如图3所示。
以同样的方法,我们筛选出了重组酶KX源自Escherichia phage phT4A噬菌体的辅助蛋白KY,其三维结构图如图4所示。其中辅助蛋白KY需以七聚体的形式发挥活性作用。
最终获得用于RDA扩增的重组酶KX,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.6所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.7所示;重组酶KY,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.8所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.9所示。
(2)猫细小病毒检测引物及探针设计与筛选
通过NCBI(www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)查找猫细小病毒全基因序列,使用Clonemanager软件和BLAST进行同源性比对和序列分析,从中选择在本病原的种内保守,种间变异的序列做为靶标区域。经过对多种猫细小病毒的全基因组序列比对和同源性分析后,最终选择保守的VP2基因作为靶标基因(参考序列GenBank登录号:MN127781.1),以此目的片段进行RDA检测引物和探针设计。委托上海捷瑞生物工程有限公司合成靶标基因DNA质粒,引物和探针序列。筛选出猫细小病毒VP2基因高度保守序列如下:
5-’CAACTAAAGTTTATAATAATGATTTAACTGCATCATTGATGGTTGCATTAGATAGT
AATAATACTATGCCATTTACTCCAGCAGCTATGAGATCTGAGACATTGGGTTTTTATCCATGGAAACCAACCATACCAACTCCATGGAGATATTATTTTCAATGGG-3’(SEQ ID NO .5)
本实施例中采用RDA技术引物设计原则进行设计,上游引物和下游引物长度18-30bp,根据猫细小病毒VP2基因保守序列,设计上游引物和下游引物各3条,引物序列如下:
上游引物FPV-F1:5’-CAACTAAAGTTTATAATAATGATTTAACTG -3’
上游引物FPV-F2:5’-AGTTTATAATAATGATTTAACTGCATCA -3’
上游引物FPV-F3:5’-CAACTAAAGTTTATAATAATGATTTA-3’
下游引物FPV-R1: 5’- ATCTCCATGGAGTTGGTATGGTTGGTTTC-3’
下游引物FPV-R2: 5’-CCCATTGAAAATAATATCTCCATGGAG-3’
下游引物FPV-R3:5’-CATGGAGTTGGTATGGTTGGTTTCCATG-3’
3对引物两两配对形成9个组合进行最佳引物组合筛选。
组合1:FPV-F1和FPV-R1;组合2:FPV-F1和FPV-R2 组合3:FPV-F1和FPV-R3
组合4:FPV-F2和FPV-R1;组合5:FPV-F2和FPV-R2 组合6:FPV-F2和FPV-R3
组合7:FPV-F3和FPV-R1;组合8:FPV-F3和FPV-R2 组合9:FPV-F3和FPV-R3
通过一系列的实验筛选和评价,确定组合1(FPV-F1和FPV-R1) 为最佳引物组,具体为:
FPV-F1(SEQ ID NO .3): 5’-CAACTAAAGTTTATAATAATGATTTAACTG -3’;
FPV-R1(SEQ ID NO .4): 5’- ATCTCCATGGAGTTGGTATGGTTGGTTTC-3’。
在RDA荧光检测技术中,我们采用两种方案设计RDA荧光标记探针,第一种方案如下:在靶标区域选择25-35bp保守序列为探针序列,5’端标记发光基团,3’端标记淬灭基团,第5-10位碱基中任一位置用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,本实施例中所述核苷酸序列为SEQID NO .1的探针,其5’端标记发光基团,3’端标记淬灭基团,第5位碱基中任一位置用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,其具体信息如下:
FPV-P1(SEQ ID NO .1):5’
-FAM-ATAAT[THF]CTATGCCATTTACTCCAGCAGCTA-BHQ1 -3′
第二种方案为:探针长度为 46-52 个核甘酸,其中至少 30 个位于 THF 位点的5’端,另外至少 15 个位于其 3’端。本实施例中其5’端起第36位碱基T标记FAM发光基团,第37位碱基用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,第38位碱基标记BHQ1淬灭基团,3’端进行C3-spacer阻断修饰(SEQ ID NO .2):其具体信息如下:
FPV-P2(SEQ ID NO .2): 5’ -TGATGGTTGCATTAGATAGTAATAATACTATGCCA[FAM-dT][THF][BHQ1-dT]ACTCCAGCAGCTA[C3-spacer] -3
通过系列实验比对,两种探针设计方案均适用于RDA荧光检测方法,在检测的灵敏度和特异性上无明显差异,其中第一种探针设计时所需靶标保守序列较短,对核酸序列要求低,本专利后续的实施例,以第一种探针FPV-P1(SEQ ID NO .1)为主要探针,配制RDA恒温扩增反应体系。
(3)一种猫细小病毒(FPV)RDA检测方法的建立
本专利构建一种基于重组酶依赖型扩增技术(RDA)检测猫细小病毒(FPV)的试剂盒,包括核酸提取试剂,RDA恒温扩增反应模块,阳性对照和阴性对照,其中核酸提取试剂包括Buffer A和Buffer B, Buffer A为样本裂解液,含有Tris-HCL缓冲体系、NaOH、SDS、EDTA、异硫氰酸胍、Tween80、曲拉通,Buffer B含有Tris缓冲体系、氯化钾、氯化镁;RDA恒温扩增反应模块中反应体系最优配比如表1所示,包含了本实施例所述的荧光标记探针及所述的引物;阳性对照为含有猫细小病毒(FPV)的靶标VP2基因质粒,阴性对照为空载体pUC57质粒。
表1 RDA恒温扩增反应模块反应体系配比
序号 | 组分 | 含量浓度 |
1 | Tris-tricine(PH 7.9) | 100mM |
2 | 醋酸钾 | 50mM |
3 | PEG20000或PEG35000 | 5% |
4 | DTT | 2mM |
5 | dNTPs | 200nM each |
6 | dATP | 2mM |
7 | 肌酸激酶(Creatine kinase) | 0.2mg/ml |
8 | 磷酸肌酸(Creatine phosphate) | 50mM |
9 | 链置换DNA聚合酶 | 50ng/ul |
10 | gp32蛋白 | 300 ng/ul |
11 | 重组酶KX | 120 ng/ul |
12 | 辅助蛋白KY | 60ng/ul |
13 | 核酸外切酶 | 50U |
14 | 上游引物 | 500nM |
15 | 下游引物 | 500nM |
16 | 荧光标记探针 | 300nM |
17 | 醋酸镁 | 14mM |
所述反应体系的反应条件为:25-42℃下反应10-60min。
最佳反应条件为:39℃反应30min。
对收集的3例经荧光定量PCR验证均为猫细小病毒(FPV)DNA阳性的猫口鼻分泌物拭子样本,使用本专利的RDA荧光法检测试剂盒测试。
具体操作如下:
步骤一、样本处理。将20μLBufferA和5μL阳性对照/阴性对照/待检分泌物样本震荡混匀,室温静置10-15min;
步骤二、体系配制及检测。加入25μLBufferB,震荡混匀后将50μL混合液加入RDA恒温扩增反应模块中,盖上管盖震荡离心,立即检测;反应程序为:39℃ 1分钟,30个循环,每分钟采集荧光信号,30min可完成检测;
步骤三、结果判定。
①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;
②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或Tt值≥25min,为有效结果;
③被检样本:
a.若Tt值<25min,判断为阳性;
b.若Tt值≥30min,判断为阴性;
c.若25min≤Tt值<30min,判为可疑,需重复检测进行确认;再次检测结果仍然是25min≤Tt值<30min,应参照阴性对照Tt值,若阴性对照Tt值≥30min,则判断为阳性。
检测结果如表2和图5所示,阳性对照、阴性对照符合“①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或Tt值≥25min,为有效结果”的内容,各样本的Tt值均小于25min,判断为阳性。
结果表明,本实施例建立的RDA荧光法检测试剂盒的检测方法能够对猫口鼻分泌物中的猫细小病毒(FPV)DNA进行检测。
表2试剂盒检测方法的建立
阴性对照 | 阳性对照 | 样本1 | 样本2 | 样本3 | |
Tt值 | - | 10:59 | 1459 | 12:43 | 13:39 |
实施例2 RDA荧光法检测试剂灵敏度测试
阳性对照为含有猫细小病毒(FPV)的VP2基因的pUC57-VP2质粒,阴性对照为空载体pUC57质粒。
具体操作如下:
步骤一、将阳性对照质粒稀释到10^3c,再10倍梯度稀释分别稀释成10^2c、10^1c、10^0c。
步骤二、样本处理。将步骤一各浓度的质粒各取5μL在EP管中,同时取阴性对照5μL在另一EP管中,分别加入20μLBufferA,震荡混匀,室温静置10-15min;
步骤三、体系配制及检测。各管加入25μLBufferB,震荡混匀后将50μL混合液加入RDA恒温扩增反应模块中,盖上管盖震荡离心,立即检测;反应程序为:39℃ 1分钟,30个循环,每分钟采集荧光信号;
步骤四、结果判定。判定标准:
①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;
②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或者Tt值≥25min,为有效结果;
③被检样本:
a.若Tt值<25min,判断为阳性;
b.若Tt值≥30min,判断为阴性;
c.若25min≤Tt值<30min,判为可疑,需重复检测进行确认;再次检测结果仍然是25min≤Tt值<30min,应参照阴性对照Tt值,若阴性对照Tt值≥30min,则判断为阳性。
结果如表3和图6所示。阴性对照Tt值为NA,符合判定标准中“无扩增曲线出现,或Tt值≥25min”的内容。10^3c、10^2c、10^1c、10^0c的Tt值均<25min,根据结果判定标准,10^3c、10^2c、10^1c、10^0c结果均为阳性。
即,RDA荧光法检测试剂盒的灵敏度达到单个拷贝。
表3灵敏度测试结果
阴性对照 | 10^3 | 10^2 | 10^1 | 10^0 | |
Tt值 | - | 09:29 | 12:56 | 15:51 | 19:43 |
实施例3 RDA荧光法检测试剂特异性测试
将临床上收集3例猫细小病毒(FPV)、1例猫衣原体(CP)、1例猫杯状病毒(FCV)、1例猫疱疹病毒(FHV),4种共6例经荧光定量PCR验证为对应病原体阳性的样本进行检测,检验试剂盒的特异性。
具体操作如下:
步骤一、样本处理。将以上6例阳性样本各取5μL在EP管中,同时取试剂盒的阳性对照、阴性对照各5μL在新的EP管中,分别加入20μLBufferA,震荡混匀,室温静置10-15min;
步骤三、体系配制及检测。各管加入25μLBufferB,震荡混匀后将50μL混合液加入RDA恒温扩增反应模块中,盖上管盖震荡离心,立即检测;反应程序为:39℃ 1分钟,30个循环,每分钟采集荧光信号;
步骤四、结果判定。判定标准:
①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;
②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或者Tt值≥25min,为有效结果;
③被检样本:
a.若Tt值<25min,判断为阳性;
b.若Tt值≥30min,判断为阴性;
c.若25min≤Tt值<30min,判为可疑,需重复检测进行确认;再次检测结果仍然是25min≤Tt值<30min,应参照阴性对照Tt值,若阴性对照Tt值≥30min,则判断为阳性。
结果如表4和图7所示。阳性对照、阴性对照符合“①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或Tt值≥25mn,为有效结果”的内容。FPV样本的Tt值均小于25min,判断为阳性;CP、FHV、猫杯状病毒的Tt值没有检测到信号,判定为阴性。
即仅当靶标病原体为猫细小病毒时,RDA荧光法检测为阳性,对其他病原体检测为阴性。
表4 特异性测试结果
实施例4 RDA荧光法检测试剂盒稳定性测试
液态的试剂需在低温下保存,且不能反复冻融。本试剂盒将RDA恒温扩增反应模块在真空干燥成粉状试剂,冻干后的粉状试剂能在常温下保存,节约了冷链运输和低温保存的成本,操作更为简易。本实施例对RDA荧光检测试剂盒的稳定性进行验证。
具体操作如下:
将含有冻干试剂的八连管密封于含有干燥剂的铝箔袋中,保存于37℃恒温箱。分别于0天、30天、90天、180天,取2个反应孔进行测试。
步骤一、样本处理。试剂盒的阳性对照/阴性对照各取5μL在EP管中,分别加入20μLBufferA,震荡混匀,室温静置10-15min;
步骤二、体系配制及检测。各管加入25μLBufferB,震荡混匀后将50μL混合液加入RDA恒温扩增反应模块中,盖上管盖震荡离心,立即检测;反应程序为:39℃ 1分钟,30个循环,每分钟采集荧光信号;
步骤三、结果判定。判定标准:
①阳性对照:有典型的扩增曲线出现,Tt值<25min,为有效结果;
②阴性对照:无扩增曲线出现,或者Tt值≥25min,为有效结果;
③被检样本:
a.若Tt值<25min,判断为阳性;
b.若Tt值≥30min,判断为阴性;
c.若25min≤Tt值<30min,判为可疑,需重复检测进行确认;再次检测结果仍然是25min≤Tt值<30min,应参照阴性对照Tt值,若阴性对照Tt值≥30min,则判断为阳性。
结果如表5和图8、图9、图10、图11所示。分别对保存了0天、30天、90天、180天的RDA恒温扩增反应模块试剂冻干粉进行测试,各个Tt值均小于25min,根据结果判定标准,本专利的试剂盒中试剂冻干后,在0天、30天、90天、180天的检测结果均为阳性。表明本专利的试剂盒中试剂冻干后,在37℃中能稳定保存至少3个月。
表5 37℃保存稳定性
0天 | 30天 | 90天 | 180天 | |
阴性对照 | - | - | - | - |
阳性对照 | 08:43 | 09:34 | 09:66 | 10:24 |
以上实施例说明利用本发明的RDA技术能够快速检测猫细小病毒,操作简便,在37~42℃条件下均可实现靶基因的有效扩增,不需变温,不需复杂仪器。反应时间短,20-30min即可完成反应,特异性为100%,检测灵敏度为1 copies/μl。本发明RDA方法中重组酶KX 蛋白和KY蛋白在扩增过程中对靶标序列具有高度特异性,只有引物和模板序列完全互补才启动扩增,使扩增的特异性大大提高,从而实现无本底背景的高效恒温核酸扩增。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施范例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 广州普世君安生物科技有限公司
<120> 一种快速检测猫细小病毒(FPV)的RDA方法及试剂盒
<160> 9
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> FAM标记荧光探针(SEQ ID NO .1)
<400> 1
ataatactat gccatttact ccagcagcta 30
<210> 2
<211> 51
<212> DNA
<213> FAM标记荧光探针(SEQ ID NO .2)
<400> 2
tgatggttgc attagatagt aataatacta tgccatttac tccagcagct a 51
<210> 3
<211> 30
<212> DNA
<213> 引物序列(SEQ ID NO .3)
<400> 3
caactaaagt ttataataat gatttaactg 30
<210> 4
<211> 29
<212> DNA
<213> 引物序列(SEQ ID NO .4)
<400> 4
atctccatgg agttggtatg gttggtttc 29
<210> 5
<211> 163
<212> DNA
<213> 靶标序列(SEQ ID NO .5)
<400> 5
caactaaagt ttataataat gatttaactg catcattgat ggttgcatta gatagtaata 60
atactatgcc atttactcca gcagctatga gatctgagac attgggtttt tatccatgga 120
aaccaaccat accaactcca tggagatatt attttcaatg gga 163
<210> 6
<211> 1158
<212> DNA
<213> 重组酶KX核苷酸序列(SEQ ID NO .6)
<400> 6
atgtcaaaca aagcactact aaaaaaactg atcaaaaact cgaatagcca aactgcatct 60
gtactttctg aaagcgacgt attcaacaat attaccatca cgcgaacccg tgtgccgatt 120
ctgaatctgg cgttgtccgg tgcgtttaac ggtggcctaa cttctggtct tacccttttc 180
gctggcccgt ccaaacactt caaatccaac ttaggtttgc ttactgtagc ggcgtatctc 240
aaaacgtatg aagatgctgt gtgcctgttc tacgattcag aaaaaggtgt tactaaatcc 300
tatctgaaat caatgggtgt tgatccggat cgtgttgtgt atactcgtat cacgacggtc 360
gagcagttgc gtaatgacgt tgtaagccag cttaacgcgc ttgaacgcgg tgataaggtg 420
attgtattcg ttgactcagt aggcaacacg gcaagtaaaa aagaacttgc tgacgcgctt 480
tctgataacg ataaacagga tatgacgcga gcaaaagcat taaaaggtat gttccgtatg 540
gttacgcctt atctggctga cctggatatc ccgatggttt gtatctgtca tacctatgac 600
acacaagaaa tgtacagcaa gaaagttatt tctggtggta ctggtttaat gtattccgct 660
gatactgcga tcatcctggg taaacaacag gtgaaagaag gtactgaggt ggtaggttat 720
gatttcatca tgaatatcga aaaatctcga ttcgtgaaag agaaatcaaa attcccgctg 780
catgttacct atgaaggcgg tattagtatg tattctggcc ttttggatct ggcaatggaa 840
atgaactttg tacagaccgt aaccaaaggc tggcgcaacc gcgctttcct gaataccgag 900
actggcgaac tcgaagttga agaaaagaaa tggcgtgagt cagaaacaaa tagcgttgaa 960
ttctggcgtc ctctgtttac tcatcaacca ttcttgaaag ctatcgaaga aaagtataag 1020
atcccagatc gtgaaatcag tgatggttcc gcgctggaag atttatacag cactgatagc 1080
atcccagatc ctgatctgga tgatgacgat atcccagaat catttgatga tatcgaagaa 1140
aacgacgaaa ttttataa 1158
<210> 7
<211> 385
<212> PRT
<213> 重组酶KX氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO .7)
<400> 7
Met Ser Asn Lys Ala Leu Leu Lys Lys Leu Ile Lys Asn Ser Asn Ser
1 5 10 15
Gln Thr Ala Ser Val Leu Ser Glu Ser Asp Val Phe Asn Asn Ile Thr
20 25 30
Ile Thr Arg Thr Arg Val Pro Ile Leu Asn Leu Ala Leu Ser Gly Ala
35 40 45
Phe Asn Gly Gly Leu Thr Ser Gly Leu Thr Leu Phe Ala Gly Pro Ser
50 55 60
Lys His Phe Lys Ser Asn Leu Gly Leu Leu Thr Val Ala Ala Tyr Leu
65 70 75 80
Lys Thr Tyr Glu Asp Ala Val Cys Leu Phe Tyr Asp Ser Glu Lys Gly
85 90 95
Val Thr Lys Ser Tyr Leu Lys Ser Met Gly Val Asp Pro Asp Arg Val
100 105 110
Val Tyr Thr Arg Ile Thr Thr Val Glu Gln Leu Arg Asn Asp Val Val
115 120 125
Ser Gln Leu Asn Ala Leu Glu Arg Gly Asp Lys Val Ile Val Phe Val
130 135 140
Asp Ser Val Gly Asn Thr Ala Ser Lys Lys Glu Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu
145 150 155 160
Ser Asp Asn Asp Lys Gln Asp Met Thr Arg Ala Lys Ala Leu Lys Gly
165 170 175
Met Phe Arg Met Val Thr Pro Tyr Leu Ala Asp Leu Asp Ile Pro Met
180 185 190
Val Cys Ile Cys His Thr Tyr Asp Thr Gln Glu Met Tyr Ser Lys Lys
195 200 205
Val Ile Ser Gly Gly Thr Gly Leu Met Tyr Ser Ala Asp Thr Ala Ile
210 215 220
Ile Leu Gly Lys Gln Gln Val Lys Glu Gly Thr Glu Val Val Gly Tyr
225 230 235 240
Asp Phe Ile Met Asn Ile Glu Lys Ser Arg Phe Val Lys Glu Lys Ser
245 250 255
Lys Phe Pro Leu His Val Thr Tyr Glu Gly Gly Ile Ser Met Tyr Ser
260 265 270
Gly Leu Leu Asp Leu Ala Met Glu Met Asn Phe Val Gln Thr Val Thr
275 280 285
Lys Gly Trp Arg Asn Arg Ala Phe Leu Asn Thr Glu Thr Gly Glu Leu
290 295 300
Glu Val Glu Glu Lys Lys Trp Arg Glu Ser Glu Thr Asn Ser Val Glu
305 310 315 320
Phe Trp Arg Pro Leu Phe Thr His Gln Pro Phe Leu Lys Ala Ile Glu
325 330 335
Glu Lys Tyr Lys Ile Pro Asp Arg Glu Ile Ser Asp Gly Ser Ala Leu
340 345 350
Glu Asp Leu Tyr Ser Thr Asp Ser Ile Pro Asp Pro Asp Leu Asp Asp
355 360 365
Asp Asp Ile Pro Glu Ser Phe Asp Asp Ile Glu Glu Asn Asp Glu Ile
370 375 380
Leu
385
<210> 8
<211> 420
<212> DNA
<213> 重组酶KY核苷酸序列(SEQ ID NO .8)
<400> 8
atgagtttga aattagaaga tctacaaaat gaacttgaaa aggatatgct gatagatccc 60
ctcaagttgc aatcagaatc agcggatatc ccgaagattt gggctaaatg gcttcgatac 120
cattcaaacg ctaagaaaaa attgatccaa cttcatgcga aaaaagaagc tgatgtgaag 180
gatcgtatgt tgtactacac cggaaggcat gacaaagaaa tgtgcgaagt ggtgtatact 240
gggactactg aaattaaaat cgcgatcgct ggggatccga aaattgtaga aaccaacaag 300
ctgatccagt attatgacat ggtggtagat ttcaccagca aagcactgga tatcgtcaaa 360
aacaaaggat actctatcaa aaacatgtta gagatccgta aattagaaag tggtgcataa 420
<210> 9
<211> 139
<212> PRT
<213> 重组酶KY氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO .9)
<400> 9
Met Ser Leu Lys Leu Glu Asp Leu Gln Asn Glu Leu Glu Lys Asp Met
1 5 10 15
Leu Ile Asp Pro Leu Lys Leu Gln Ser Glu Ser Ala Asp Ile Pro Lys
20 25 30
Ile Trp Ala Lys Trp Leu Arg Tyr His Ser Asn Ala Lys Lys Lys Leu
35 40 45
Ile Gln Leu His Ala Lys Lys Glu Ala Asp Val Lys Asp Arg Met Leu
50 55 60
Tyr Tyr Thr Gly Arg His Asp Lys Glu Met Cys Glu Val Val Tyr Thr
65 70 75 80
Gly Thr Thr Glu Ile Lys Ile Ala Ile Ala Gly Asp Pro Lys Ile Val
85 90 95
Glu Thr Asn Lys Leu Ile Gln Tyr Tyr Asp Met Val Val Asp Phe Thr
100 105 110
Ser Lys Ala Leu Asp Ile Val Lys Asn Lys Gly Tyr Ser Ile Lys Asn
115 120 125
Met Leu Glu Ile Arg Lys Leu Glu Ser Gly Ala
130 135
Claims (3)
1.一种检测猫细小病毒的试剂盒,其特征在于,
所述试剂盒包括核酸提取试剂、恒温扩增反应模块、阳性对照、阴性对照、探针及引物对;
所述探针核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1或SEQ ID NO.2所示;
所述核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1的探针,其5’端标记发光基团,3’端标记淬灭基团,第5位碱基位置用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,所述核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.2的探针,其5’端起第36位碱基T标记FAM发光基团,第37位碱基用四氢呋喃残基(THF)替代,第38位碱基标记BHQ1淬灭基团,3’端进行C3-spacer阻断修饰;
所述引物对核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3和SEQ ID NO.4所示,靶标序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示;
所述的恒温扩增反应模块为RDA恒温扩增反应混合试剂的冻干粉试剂;所述RDA恒温扩增反应混合试剂的冻干粉试剂包括氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.7所示的重组酶KX和氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.9所示的KY蛋白。
2.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,
所述的RDA恒温扩增反应混合试剂的冻干粉试剂包括重组酶KX 60-600ng/μL、KY蛋白16-192ng/μL、单链结合蛋白gp32100-1000ng/μL、链置换DNA聚合酶3-100ng/μL、核酸外切酶30~200U、肌酸激酶0.1-0.8mg/ml、磷酸肌酸25-75mM、Tris缓冲液20~100mM、PEG2.5%-10%、醋酸钾或醋酸钠0-150mM、dATP 1-5mM、dNTPs 150-600nM、DTT 1-12mM、所述探针150nM-600nM、所述引物对150-600nM。
3.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,
所述的核酸提取试剂包括BufferA、Buffer B;所述BufferA为样本裂解液,含有Tris-HCL缓冲体系、NaOH、SDS、EDTA、异硫氰酸胍、Tween80、曲拉通;所述Buffer B含有Tris缓冲体系、氯化钾、氯化镁;所述阳性对照为含有猫细小病毒靶标基因的质粒,所述阴性对照为空载体pUC57质粒。
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