CN112299198A

CN112299198A - Driving device of ropeless elevator and multi-car elevator system

Info

Publication number: CN112299198A
Application number: CN202010751596.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周立波; 朱建伟; 毛凯萍; 刘翔; 谭慧
Original assignee: Hunan Daju Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Daju Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-30
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-30
Also published as: CN114144374B; CN114144374A; CN117550462A; CN112299198B; CN112299202A; CN112311099A; CN112311099B; CN112299187A; CN112299187B; CN112299202B; WO2021018235A1

Abstract

The invention discloses a driving device of a ropeless elevator, wherein an elevator system comprises a driving device, a lift car and a running track, the lift car ascends or descends on the running track through the driving device, the elevator system is free of a traction structure, the driving device is provided with a force application unit and a sub-driving system, the sub-driving system is connected with the force application unit, and the sub-driving system is tightly pressed on the running track through the force application unit. The invention also discloses a multi-car elevator system, which comprises the driving device, at least one switching device and at least two running rails, wherein the switching device is provided with a switching rail, the car is switched to different running rails through the switching rail, the switching rail is connected with the running rails when the car is switched to different running rails, and the switching rail is not connected with the running rails when the car is not switched to the running rails. The invention solves the problem that one car can only run on one track, realizes the simultaneous load running of a plurality of cars and greatly improves the running efficiency of the elevator.

Description

Driving device of ropeless elevator and multi-car elevator system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevators, in particular to a driving device of a cable-free elevator and a multi-car elevator system.

Background

In modern society and economic activity, elevators have become indispensable people-carrying or goods-carrying vertical transportation means, according to statistics, the annual average growth rate of the number demand of elevators in China is more than 20%, China has become the largest elevator market all over the world, but in the aspect of market share, about 70% of domestic market share is occupied by exotic brands such as Austrian, Xunda, Tongli, Tinshen Krupp, Mitsubishi, Hitachi and the like, and national brands only account for a very small part of shares. The national brand elevators are far behind developed countries in the aspects of technical level, after-sale service and the like, and the development of the elevator industry in China is very difficult due to the blockade of foreign manufacturers on some key technologies. The innovation capability of the technical level of the elevator industry is enhanced, the technical monopoly of foreign manufacturers is broken, and the problem to be solved by improving the market share of national brand elevators is solved.

At present, elevator cars are widely operated in a wire rope traction driving mode, only one car can be arranged in one hoistway, and the elevator in a single-car operation mode can meet the use requirements in low-rise buildings and occasions with low passenger flow, but the defects of long waiting time and low conveying efficiency in high-rise buildings or super high-rise buildings with high population density are obviously enlarged. If the elevator shaft and the corresponding car occupy a large building space, the cost is obviously improved, and the problem of low elevator conveying efficiency still exists.

With the continuous development of the engineering technology level, multi-car operation modes such as a double-deck car elevator, a double-car elevator, a ring type or branched ring type elevator and the like gradually appear, but the known multi-car elevator operation modes have the cars positioned on the track in the same shaft, the elevator cars between the shafts cannot perform track switching operation, the cars cannot perform overrunning operation, and under the condition of rapid increase of the transportation volume, the current multi-car operation mode is adopted, so that the space utilization rate of a building is greatly reduced, and the problem of low elevator transportation efficiency is not fundamentally solved.

Tonsen Krupp proposed a similar magnetic levitation driven elevator system that could theoretically improve elevator carrying efficiency, but this solution still has no practical applicability whether from technical maturity or from cost investment analysis.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a driving device of a cable-free elevator and a multi-car elevator system, which solve the problem that one conventional car can only run on one rail, so that the flexible lane change of simultaneous load running of a plurality of cars on two rails is realized, the running efficiency of the elevator is greatly improved, and the requirements of simultaneous, independent, efficient and safe running of the plurality of cars can be met.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a drive arrangement of cableless elevator, the elevator system includes drive arrangement, car and orbit, the car goes upward or goes down on the orbit through drive arrangement's drive, the orbit is the single track, the elevator system does not have the structure of towing, drive arrangement is equipped with application of force unit and sub-actuating system, sub-actuating system is connected with application of force unit, sub-actuating system compresses tightly in the orbit through application of force unit.

The further improvement of the technical scheme is as follows:

in the above technical solution, preferably, the sub-driving systems are provided with at least two sets, and the two sets of sub-driving systems are arranged on two sides of the operation track in pairs.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the sub-driving system includes a power unit, a transmission unit and an execution unit, the execution unit is provided with a rolling member, and the power unit drives the rolling member to roll along the operation track through the transmission unit.

In the above technical solution, preferably, a friction coefficient between the rolling member and the running track is greater than 0.8.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the rolling member is a driving wheel or a track, and the contact portion between the rolling member and the running track is made of rubber.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the transmission unit is a transmission structure with one input and one output or with one input and a plurality of constant speed outputs.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the driving wheel is provided with at least one, and the driving wheels provided with the two sets of sub-driving systems located at the two sides of the operation track are symmetrical with respect to the operation track, or the driving wheels provided with the two sets of sub-driving systems located at the two sides of the operation track are arranged in a staggered manner.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the transmission unit includes a transmission assembly and a driving shaft, the power unit and the execution unit are mounted on the transmission assembly, the power unit is connected with the transmission assembly, one end of the driving shaft is connected with the transmission assembly, and the other end of the driving shaft is connected with the driving wheel.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the transmission assembly is provided with a transmission gear set, the power unit is connected with an input end of the transmission gear set, and the driving shaft is connected with an output end of the transmission gear set.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the execution unit is further provided with a drive axle, and the drive axle is sleeved with the drive shaft.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the execution unit is further provided with a guide assembly, the guide assembly is in contact with at least two different surfaces of the operation track, and the operation track limits at least two movement directions of the guide assembly.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the force application unit is connected to the driving wheels on both sides of the operation track, and the force application unit applies pressure to the driving wheels on both sides of the operation track.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the force application unit includes a force application base and an adjusting component, the force application base includes at least two frame structures, each frame structure is connected with an execution unit, the adjusting component connects two frame structures, and the distance between the two frame structures is adjusted through the adjusting component.

The invention also provides a multi-car elevator system which comprises the driving device, wherein the elevator system is provided with at least two running tracks, the multi-car elevator system also comprises at least one switching device, the switching device is provided with a switching track, the car is switched to different running tracks through the switching track, the running tracks and the switching track form a running channel of the car, when the car is switched to different running tracks, the switching track is connected with the running tracks, and when the car is not switched to the running tracks, the switching track is not connected with the running tracks.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the elevator system further includes a suspension device, the suspension device is connected between the car and a driving device, the driving device is hinged to the suspension device, the driving device is swingable relative to the suspension device, and the car is mounted on the suspension device.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the operation track is provided with a plurality of movable portions, the movable portions leave or are connected to the operation track through a driving assembly, and the switching track is connected to or disconnected from the operation track through the driving assembly.

In the above technical solution, preferably, each of the operation tracks includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, the fixed portion is provided with a plurality of rail changing positions, and the movable portion is provided with the rail changing positions.

In the above technical solution, preferably, when the car switches to different operation tracks, the fixed part is connected with the switching track, and when the car does not switch to the operation track, the fixed part is connected with the movable part.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the switching device is provided with a driving assembly, the switching track includes a connecting track and a transition track, and the transition track is connected with or disconnected from the operation track through the driving assembly; when the car is switched to different running tracks, the connecting track is connected with the transition track.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the carrying device is further provided with a stabilizing device, the stabilizing device is connected between the suspension device and the car, and the car adjusts the relative position of the car and the suspension device through the stabilizing device.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the driving device is further provided with a power supply assembly, the operation device is provided with a power supply track, and the power supply track is arranged along the arrangement direction of the operation track.

Compared with the prior art, the driving device of the ropeless elevator and the multi-car elevator system have the following advantages that:

(1) according to the driving device of the cableless elevator and the multi-car elevator system, the independent self-driving operation mode of the cableless lifting car is adopted, the operation track can be flexibly changed along with the direction of the track, the multiple cars can be arranged on one track, the multiple cars can simultaneously operate in a single hoistway, the utilization rate of the hoistway space is higher, the carrying efficiency of the elevator system can be greatly improved, and the using area and the space of a building are saved.

(2) The driving device of the ropeless elevator and the multi-car elevator system adopt single-rail limiting bearing, have simple structure, are beneficial to realizing rail change and car reversing, and meet the effect that multiple cars do not interfere and run simultaneously.

(3) According to the driving device of the ropeless elevator and the multi-car elevator system, the tire or crawler friction lifting mode can meet the requirements of high-speed, safe and stable operation, and compared with the electromagnetic force lifting technology related to the existing elevator, the driving device of the ropeless elevator and the multi-car elevator system are easier to implement in terms of space arrangement, investment cost and technical reliability.

(3) According to the driving device of the cableless elevator and the multi-car elevator system, more than 2 running rails can be arranged in parallel, the movable transition rails are arranged between the rails at a specific line section, the intercommunicating connection between different running rails is realized through the position adjustment of the transition rails, and the noninterference dispatching operation of multiple cars is met.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a driving device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the driving device of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of C-C in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion K of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an application implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8(a) is a schematic view before the car switches the operation track in the multi-car operation in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8(b) is a schematic view of the case of switching the operation track when the cars operate in the multi-car operation according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching device of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the driving of the switching device of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the stabilizing device of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1. a car; 11. a carriage frame; 111. a tension member; 2. a suspension device; 21. a cross beam; 22. erecting a beam; 23. a connecting rod; 24. an upper mounting seat; 25. a lower mounting seat; 26. a large limiting wheel; 27. a small limiting wheel; 28. a hinged seat; 3. running the track; 31. a walking surface; 32. a guide surface; 33. a mounting surface; 34. a first track; 35. a second track; 36. a fixed part; 37. a movable portion; 4. a force application unit; 41. a force application base; 42. an elastic element; 43. a screw; 44. locking the nut; 45. adjusting the nut; 5. a sub drive system; 51. a power unit; 511. a motor; 512. a brake; 513. a motor base; 52. a transmission unit; 521. a speed reducer; 522. a drive shaft; 523. a transmission case body; 524. a drive gear; 525. a driven gear; 526. a transition gear; 53. an execution unit; 531. a drive axle; 532. a drive wheel; 533. positioning the bearing; 534. a load bearing; 535. a hub; 536. a car connection port; 537. a guide mounting seat; 538. a guide wheel; 6. a switching device; 61. switching tracks; 611. connecting the rails; 612. a transition track; 62. mounting a platform; 621. a limiting block; 63. a drive assembly; 631. a drive member; 632. a push rod; 64. a buffer assembly; 641. a connecting shaft; 642. an elastic member; 643. a sleeve; 644. a connecting plate; 65. a guide member; 66. a guide module; 661. a load wheel; 662. a guide roller; 663. mounting a support; 67. a self-locking assembly; 671. a reset member; 672. a pull rod; 673. an idler pulley; 674. a self-locking member; 675. a latch; 676. a wedge-shaped block; 677. a locking block; 68. fixing a bracket; 681. a bearing groove; 7. a stabilizing device; 71. a rotating shaft; 72. mounting a component; 721. a carriage body mounting seat; 722. a suspension connecting seat; 723. a buffer seat; 73. a buffer element; 74. and an execution element.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

Example 1

Fig. 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the drive apparatus of a ropeless elevator of the present invention, and an elevator system includes a load bearing device, a running gear installed in a hoistway, and a drive apparatus. The bearing device is driven by the driving device to carry out uplink or downlink on the operation device.

In this embodiment, the bearing device is provided with a car 1, the running device is provided with a running track 3, the running track 3 is located in a hoistway, and the running track 3 is a single track. The running track 3 comprises a running surface 31, a guide surface 32 and a mounting surface 33, wherein the running surface 31 is positioned between the guide surface 32 and the mounting surface 33, the running surface 31 is perpendicular to the guide surface 32 and the mounting surface 33 and is fixed in the middle of the guide surface 32/the mounting surface 33, the guide surface 32 and the mounting surface 33 are arranged in parallel, the width of the mounting surface 33 is larger than that of the guide surface 32, and the mounting surface 33 is fixed in a hoistway. A single rail body (monorail) is defined as a rail body with minimal overall structural association, wherein two or more profile bodies with the same characteristics are integrated into one rail body with structural association through other connecting parts, and the rail body is regarded as a single rail body.

As can be seen from fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, the driving device is provided with a force application unit 4 and two sets of sub-driving systems 5, the two sets of sub-driving systems 5 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the running track 3, and a driving arrangement form of two-drive, four-drive, or even multiple-drive can be realized without a differential. The sub-drive system 5 includes a power unit 51, a transmission unit 52, and an execution unit 53, and the sub-drive system 5 is connected to the force application unit 4.

In this embodiment, the power unit 51 includes a motor 511, a brake 512, and a motor base 513; the motor 511 and the brake 512 are coaxially arranged, the motor 511 is arranged on the transmission unit 52 through a motor base 513, the brake 512 is arranged on the transmission unit 52 through a flange disc carried by the brake 512, and the motor 511 and the brake 512 can be integrated to adopt a brake motor. The power unit 51 is installed in an integrated suspension driving mode, motive power and braking force can be provided for the power unit 51, arrangement space is saved, and the structure is simple and compact. The execution unit 53 is provided with rolling members, in this embodiment, a driving wheel 532 is adopted, in other embodiments, a crawler track can be adopted, and the running mode of the crawler track is the same as the principle of the driving wheel.

In this embodiment, the transmission unit 52 includes a speed reducer 521, a transmission assembly, and a drive shaft 522; the input of the transmission unit 52 is connected to the motor, and the output is connected to the actuator unit 53 via a drive shaft 522. The transmission assembly comprises a transmission case cover, a transmission case body 523, a driving gear 524, a driven gear 525, a transition gear 526 and a transition gear shaft, wherein the driving gear 524, the driven gear 525, the transition gear 526 and the transition gear shaft are arranged in the transmission case body 523, and the transmission case cover is closed to form a closed transmission system, so that the dustproof and lubricating effects are facilitated, and the service life is prolonged. The motor and reducer 521 is mounted to the transmission case cover. The driving shaft 522 is provided with two, one connected to the driving gear 524 and the other connected to the driven gear 525, so as to realize torque transmission. A transition gear 526 is arranged between the driving gear 524 and the driven gear 525, so that the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the two driving wheels 532 are synchronized. The transition gear 526 is mounted to the transmission case cover via a transition gear shaft.

In this embodiment, the speed reducer 521 may be a planetary speed reducer, a cycloidal speed reducer, a worm gear, a gear, or the like, and the speed reducer 521 is fixed to the transmission case cover. The driving wheel 532 of the actuator unit 53 is directly driven by the speed reducer 521 and the one driving shaft 522 to constitute a two-drive driving device. In other embodiments, a four-wheel drive device can be formed by adding the transmission assembly and the driving shaft 522 according to different driving force requirements, and the like, so that a multi-wheel drive device can be formed. The transmission assembly may be an input-output or a transmission system with multiple constant speed outputs as inputs. One end of the driving shaft 522 is connected to the speed reducer 521, and the other end is connected to a driving wheel 532 of the actuator unit 53, so that power is transmitted to the driving wheel 532 to drive the driving wheel to roll along the running rail 3, thereby generating a lifting force required for driving the car 1. In other embodiments, the transmission assembly may be in the form of a chain, belt, or other transmission.

In this embodiment, the execution unit 53 is provided with a driving axle 531 and a driving wheel 532, the transmission unit 52 and the transmission case 523 are mounted on the driving axle 531, a positioning bearing 533 and a bearing 534 are disposed between the driving axle 522 and the driving axle 531, the driving axle 522 rotates in the driving axle 531 to transmit torque, and the driving wheel 532 rolls on the walking surface 31. The positioning bearing 533 is mainly used for positioning the driving shaft 522, and can bear a small load, and a bearing with a small load and a small size such as a deep groove ball bearing can be used. The bearing 534 is mainly used for bearing the drive shaft 522, and can bear a large load, and a bearing having a high bearing capacity such as an angular contact bearing, a roller bearing, or a hub bearing can be used. In the case of two drives, the driving axle 531 and the force application unit 4 can be directly and fixedly connected. The driving axle 531 and the driving wheel 532 are installed through a hub 535, and the driving wheel 532 and the hub 535 are connected through flange bolts, so that the driving wheel 532 is convenient to detach, replace and maintain. In other embodiments, the drive wheel 532 may be a solid tire, a pneumatic tire, or the like. The hub 535 is connected to the drive shaft 522 by a key, interference, form-fit coupling, which transfers power from the drive shaft 522 to the drive wheel 532, which rolls along the running track 3, generating the lifting force required by the drive. The actuator unit 53 is further provided with a car connection port 536 located above the car 1 for connecting the elevator car 1.

In this embodiment, the contact portion between the driving wheel 532 and the running rail 3 is made of rubber, and may be a rubber tire, and the friction coefficient between the driving wheel 532 and the running rail 3 should be greater than 0.8. The rubber tire is made of polyurethane microcellular elastomer. The raw materials for synthesizing the microcellular elastomer comprise polyol, diisocyanate, chain extender, catalyst, foaming agent, foam stabilizer and other additives. Other additives include flame retardants, antioxidants, colorants, and the like. The solid tyre of the polyurethane microporous elastomer has two types of non-reinforced type and reinforced type, wherein the former is light load type, and the latter is heavy load type. In the embodiment, the solid tire is of a heavy-load type and is composed of an elastomer, a reinforcing material and a steel wire ring. The cumulative width of the fit of the outer surface of the tire to the running rail 3 is at least 145 mm. The surface of the tyre is provided with anti-skid patterns.

In this embodiment, the rim is arranged on the inner side surface of the tire, and the rim is attached to the running track 3, so that the movement of the tire on the running track 3 is guided, and the lateral displacement of the car 1 is limited.

The friction coefficient under the dry friction condition of rubber and steel is as follows:

the coefficient of static friction is 0.6-0.9.

Normally, the weight of the passenger car 1 is about 2t, and the maximum acceleration of the car 1 is 1m/s². In the design of the existing elevator operation system, the width of a hoistway is 2m x 2m, the width of each operation track 3 is 200mm, the distance between every two adjacent operation tracks 3 in the same hoistway is at least 860mm, and the distance between every two operation tracks 3 in the adjacent hoistways is at least 1940mm, so that the width of a tire is smaller than the width of each operation track 3, in order to ensure friction force, the safety performance requirement is met according to the structural strength, the accumulated joint width of the outer surface of the tire and the operation tracks 3 is at least 145mm, and the diameter of the tire is 300 mm. The friction of the wall against the tyre (theoretically)I.e. the friction between the running rail 3 and the tyre) is

F＝G+ma

Wherein

G＝20000N

m＝2000kg

a＝1m/s²

So F is 22000N

The friction force needs to be greater than the car 1 gravity and the inertia force, and the friction coefficient is 0.8 for example to calculate, so that the pressure which the pressure component needs to apply to the tire at least under the condition of ensuring safety can be obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:

F_{press and press}＝22000÷0.8＝27500N

Each tire is subjected to a pressure of 6875N. The hydraulic parts sold on the market in the prior art can completely meet the pressure requirement.

In this embodiment, the execution unit 53 is further provided with a guiding assembly, the guiding assembly includes a guiding mounting seat 537 and a guiding wheel 538, the guiding wheel 538 is mounted on the guiding mounting seat 537 and used for limiting and guiding the upper and lower surfaces of the operation track 3, and the left and right sides use the driving wheel 532 for limiting and guiding. The guide wheels 538 engage with the guide surfaces 32 of the running rail 3, and guide rails for the guide wheels 538 to roll are provided on both sides of the guide surfaces 32. The guide wheels 538 are provided with two guide rails which roll on two sides of the guide surface 32 respectively, and the guide mounting seats 537 are hinged on the force application unit 4. One or more force application units 4 may be provided.

In this embodiment, the force applying unit 4 includes a force applying base 41 and an adjusting component, the adjusting component includes an elastic element 42, a screw 43, a lock nut 44 and an adjusting nut 45, the force applying unit 4 applies a pulling and pressing force to the executing unit 53 to make the driving wheel 532 and the running track 3 generate a positive pressure, so as to obtain an effective friction force, and the driving of the transmission unit 52 is combined to generate a lifting force required for lifting the car 1. The force application base 41 is connected to the driving axle 531, and the driving axle 531 transmits the pulling and pressing force to the wheel hub 535 through the bearing 534 installed thereon, so that the driving wheel 532 is pressed against the running rail 3. The guide mounting seat 537 is hinged to the upper end of the force application base 41.

The driving wheels 532 on the two sides of the distribution running track 3 can be symmetrically applied by one force application unit 4, so that the time and the size of force received by the driving wheels 532 on the two sides are the same and uniform, the stability of lifting force is guaranteed, and the output requirement of force application of the force application unit 4 can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the force applying base 41 is provided with an elastic element 42, a screw 43, a lock nut 44 and an adjusting nut 45. The force application base 41 is of a frame structure, the force application base 41 is divided into two frame bases, each frame base is fixedly connected with one driving axle 531, each frame base comprises 2L-shaped plates which are arranged in a staggered mode relatively, one L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the driving axle 531, and the other L-shaped plate is connected with the screw 43 and can move relatively; the two L-shaped plates can be reduced in spacing or increased in spacing. The two movable L-shaped plates are connected through two screws 43, one end of one screw 43 is sleeved with the elastic element 42, and the other end is provided with a locking nut 44; both the spring element 42 and the lock nut 44 are arranged between the fixed L-shaped plate and the movable L-shaped plate. One end of the other screw 43 is fixed, the other end of the other screw 43 is provided with a locking nut 44, the screw 43 is also provided with an adjusting nut 45, and the adjusting nut 45 is positioned between the two L-shaped plates. The deformation of the elastic element 42 is adjusted by tightening the lock nut 44 to generate the required tension and compression force, and meanwhile, the position of the adjusting nut 45 is changed to realize the movement compensation of the deformation of the elastic element 42 and the driving wheel 532 under the action of the tension and compression force, so that the stress and deformation of the force application base 41 are reduced, and the driving wheel 532 is ensured to press the running track 3 in a front direction instead of pressing the running track 3 obliquely. The structure for realizing the symmetrical force application can be a mode that a nut locks an elastic element or a connecting rod linkage mechanism. The elastic member 42 is a spring.

In the driving device of the present embodiment, the number of the driving wheels 532 is preferably 4, two driving wheels are provided on each side, and the driving wheels are symmetrically arranged, that is, the number of the sub-driving systems 5 is 2, and the number of the force applying units 4 is 1. In the sub-driving system 5, one motor 511 drives 2 driving wheels 532 to synchronously rotate through a transmission gear set, and the driving wheels 532 on two sides are pressed on two sides of the running track 3 through the force application unit 4, so that the driving wheels 532 are prevented from slipping.

Example 2

Fig. 6 to 11 show a second embodiment of the intelligent multi-car elevator system of the invention, which comprises a load bearing device, a running device, a suspension device 2, a drive device and a switching device 6, the running device being installed in a hoistway. The bearing device is driven by the driving device to carry out uplink or downlink on the operation device. The bearing device comprises a plurality of cars 1, the running device comprises at least two running tracks 3, the switching device 6 is provided with a switching track 61, the cars 1 are switched to different running tracks 3 through the switching track 61, the running tracks 3 and the switching track 61 form a running channel of the cars 1, when the cars 1 are switched to different running tracks 3, the switching track 61 is connected with the running tracks 3, and when the cars 1 do not switch the running tracks 3, the switching track 61 is not connected with the running tracks 3.

The two operation tracks 3 are taken as an example to illustrate the specific structure and the implementation principle of the embodiment.

In this embodiment, there are two running rails 3, which are a first rail 34 and a second rail 35, respectively, and the first rail 34 and the second rail 35 are respectively disposed in different hoistways. The switching device 6 comprises a switching track 61, a mounting platform 62 and a drive assembly 63, two of the mounting platform 62 and the drive assembly 63 being provided.

The running rail 3 comprises a fixed part 36 and a movable part 37, wherein the fixed part 36 is fixed on the wall of the hoistway, the fixed part 36 is provided with a plurality of rail changing positions, and the movable part 37 is arranged at the rail changing positions. The switching track 61 comprises a connecting track 611 and two transition tracks 612, the connecting track 611 is fixed on the wall of the hoistway, the transition tracks 612 and the movable parts 37 are fixed on the mounting platforms 62, one mounting platform 62 is fixedly provided with one transition track 612 and one movable part 37, and the mounting platform 62 is driven to translate through the driving assembly 63. When the car 1 is switched to a different travel track 3, the movable part 37 is disconnected from the fixed part 36, the fixed part 36 is connected with one end of the transition track 612, and the other end of the transition track 612 is connected with one end of the connecting track 611; two ends of the connecting rail 611 are respectively connected with the two transition rails 612; when the car 1 is not switching the running track 3, the fixed part 36 and the movable part 37 are connected. The cross-sectional shape of the movable portion 37 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the transition rail 612. The transition track 612 is arc-shaped, and the radius of the arc is designed according to the minimum allowable radius for the car 1 to turn.

The driving device of the present embodiment has the same configuration as that of embodiment 1, except that a car connection port 536 of the driving device is hinged to the suspension device 2. When driving four or more, be equipped with the pendulum shaft bearing between drive shaft 522 and transaxle 531, drive shaft 522 and transaxle 531 can rotate relatively, the smooth circular arc track that passes through of the drive arrangement of being convenient for.

In this embodiment, the suspension device 2 is composed of a suspension main body and a suspension limit component. The suspension main body comprises a cross beam 21, a vertical beam 22 and a connecting rod 23, the cross beam 21 is fixedly connected with the vertical beam 22, and the vertical beam 22 is arranged in parallel to the running track 3. The cross beam 21 is fixed on the car 1, and the connecting rod 23 connects the cross beam 21 and the vertical beam 22, so as to ensure the stability of the cross beam 21 and the vertical beam 22 and increase the bearing capacity of the suspension main body. The car attachment opening 536 is fixedly connected to the top end of the vertical beam 22.

In this embodiment, the suspension limiting assembly includes an upper suspension limiting assembly and a lower suspension limiting assembly, and the upper suspension limiting assembly and the lower suspension limiting assembly are hinged to the vertical beam 22. Spacing subassembly installation is in the upper segment of erecting roof beam 22 on the suspension, including last mount pad 24, big spacing wheel 26 and little spacing wheel 27 are installed on last mount pad 24, and big spacing wheel 26 and little spacing wheel 27 are equipped with 2 respectively, and the both sides of spigot surface 32 are located respectively to big spacing wheel 26 and little spacing wheel 27, and big spacing wheel 26 is located orbit 3's medial surface, and little spacing wheel 27 is located orbit 3's lateral surface. The suspension lower limit component is installed at the lower end of vertical beam 22, be located car 1's middle section position, the suspension lower limit component includes mount pad 25 down, big spacing wheel 26 and little spacing wheel 27 are installed under on mount pad 25, big spacing wheel 26 is equipped with 2 respectively with little spacing wheel 27, big spacing wheel 26 rolls respectively in the both sides of spigot surface 32 with little spacing wheel 27, big spacing wheel 26 is located orbit 3's lateral surface, little spacing wheel 27 is located orbit 3's medial surface. The guide assembly and the suspension limiting assembly can realize limiting and bearing effects on the car system except the direction of the axis of the rail. The guide assembly and the suspension limiting assembly form an elevator system limiting structure, and the arrangement of the X-direction limiting surface, the Y-direction limiting surface and the driving stress surface is not more than 2 surfaces.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the present embodiment, the switching device 6 is provided with a fixing bracket 68, and the fixing bracket 68 is fixed to the wall. The remaining structure, with the exception of the mounting platform 62 and the switching track 61, is mounted to a fixed bracket 68.

In this embodiment, the driving assembly 63 includes a driving member 631 and a push rod 632, and the driving member 631 drives the mounting platform 62 to move through the push rod 632. The driving member 631 is fixed to the fixing bracket 68 by an electric cylinder. The mounting platform 62 is in the form of a stressed bracket structure, and the rigidity of the mounting platform is ensured.

In this embodiment, the switching device 6 further includes a buffer assembly 64, the buffer assembly 64 includes a connecting shaft 641, an elastic element 642 and a sleeve 643, the elastic element 642 is a spring, one end of the connecting shaft 641 is fixedly connected to the push rod 632, the sleeve 643 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 641, the two springs are sleeved outside the connecting shaft 641, and the two springs are respectively located at two sides of the sleeve 643. The spring is sleeved with an outer cylinder. The push rod 632 at the driving end of the electric cylinder is connected with the mounting platform 62 through the flexible buffer assembly 64, so that the impact damage of the inertia force generated by the quick start and stop of the mounting platform 62 to the driving assembly 63 is avoided. The maximum buffer relative displacement is the sum of the distance between the end surface of the left outer cylinder and the connecting plate 644 and the distance between the end surface of the left outer cylinder and the end surface of the shaft shoulder of the connecting shaft 641.

In this embodiment, the switching device 6 is further provided with a rail-changing limiting assembly, the rail-changing limiting assembly includes a guiding element 65 and a guiding module 66, the guiding module 66 is installed on the installation platform 62, the guiding module 66 moves on the guiding element 65, and the driving element 631 drives the installation platform 62 to move along the length direction of the guiding element 65 through the guiding module 66. The number of the guide members 65 is two, and the guide members are respectively located at two sides of the electric cylinder, and the number of the guide modules 66 is four, and the guide members are respectively installed at four corners of the installation platform 62.

In this embodiment, the guide module 66 is provided with two guide rollers 662, two guide rollers 662 and two bearing wheels 661, two guide rollers 662 and two

guide rollers

661, 662 and two guide members 65. Bearing wheel 661 rolls in the inslot of channel-section steel, and two guide rolls 662 are slided and are located in the channel-section steel, and two guide rolls 662 dislocation are laid, respectively with two side contact of channel-section steel, bear wheel 661 and guide roll 662 respectively with the three face contact of channel-section steel, mounting platform 62 and erection support 663 fixed connection. The left and right groups of the limiting assemblies realize 5-degree-of-freedom constraint except for transverse movement. The guide member 65 is provided with a limit groove, the guide roller 662 and the bearing wheel 661 move in the limit groove, so that the transition rail 612 is constrained in the direction of one degree of freedom except for horizontal transverse movement, and the transition rail 612 is ensured to be accurately connected with the fixing part 36 of the operation rail 3.

In this embodiment, the switching device 6 further includes two sets of self-locking assemblies 67 respectively located on two sides of the mounting platform 62 in the moving direction. The self-locking assembly 67 comprises an actuating portion, a locking portion and a power portion, and each guide module 66 is provided with a slider. Two locking portions are provided for each self-locking assembly 67. The power part is connected with the driving part 631, the driving part 631 drives the starting part to move, and the starting part drives the locking part to lock the wedge-shaped block 676 or loosen the wedge-shaped block 676. The self-locking assembly 67 forms a mechanical terminal self-locking opening and closing mechanism, the mechanism is in a mechanical self-locking state when not triggered, the track is kept stable, and when the transition track 612 needs to move, the locking part can automatically open before the transition track 612 acts, and an additional power source and a control module are not needed.

In this embodiment, the starting portion is provided with an idler 673 and a pull rod 672, the power portion is provided with a pusher, one end of the connecting shaft 641 not connected to the push rod 632 is provided with a connecting plate 644, and the connecting plate 644 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 641 through a bolt. The connecting plate 644 has a hole, and the connecting plate 644 is sleeved outside the pusher and is fixedly connected to the pusher. The ends of the two ends of the pusher are respectively provided with a special-shaped block which is a wedge-shaped shifting block, and the idler wheel 673 is arranged on a rod which is vertically fixed with the pull rod 672. When the electric cylinder drives the push-pull device to move, and the wedge-shaped shifting block is clamped into the idle wheel 673 or leaves the idle wheel 673, the wedge-shaped surface and the idle wheel 673 are contacted to generate vertical component force to push the idle wheel 673 to move downwards so as to drive the pull rod 672 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the mounting platform 62 is provided with four limiting blocks 621, the limiting blocks 621 are fixed at the bottom of the mounting platform 62, the fixing support 68 is provided with corresponding bearing grooves 681, and the upper end faces of the bearing grooves 681 at the lower end faces of the limiting blocks 621 are wedge-shaped matching faces. The limiting block 621 is provided with a wedge-shaped block 676.

In this embodiment, the locking part includes a reset member 671, a self-locking member 674 and a locking block 677, the self-locking member 674 is a self-locking lever, one end of the self-locking lever is hinged to the pull rod 672, the other end of the self-locking lever is provided with a latch 675, and the latch 675 is provided with a hook-shaped end. The middle section of the self-locking rod is hinged with a locking block 677, and the locking block 677 is fixed in the fixed bracket 68. The self-locking piece 674 and the locking block 677 form a groove cavity of the clamping wedge-shaped piece 676, the resetting piece 671 adopts a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the fixed support 68, and the other end of the spring is elastically connected with the self-locking rod. The wedge-shaped block 676 is provided with a wedge-shaped end which is matched and clamped with the clamping tongue 675. When the wedge-shaped shifting block is clamped into the idle wheel 673, the pull rod 672 is pushed to counteract the pulling force of the spring of the resetting piece 671, the pull rod 672 is driven to rotate, when the pull rod 672 rotates, the self-locking piece 674 rotates anticlockwise, a groove cavity formed by the self-locking piece 674 and the locking block 677 is enlarged, the clamping tongue 675 is clamped into the groove cavity, after the wedge-shaped shifting block is clamped into the idle wheel 673, the pull rod 672 and the self-locking rod reset, and the self-locking rod locks the wedge-shaped block 676. When the propeller moves in the opposite direction, the wedge-shaped shifting block leaves the idle wheel 673, the self-locking piece 674 rotates anticlockwise, a slot cavity formed by the self-locking piece 674 and the locking block 677 is enlarged, and the clamping tongue 675 leaves the slot cavity.

As shown in fig. 10, when the mounting platform 62 moves to the end point, the limiting block 621 and the bearing groove 681 are matched to perform alignment adjustment until the mounting platform 62 stops to complete accurate alignment.

In this embodiment, the electric cylinder is also a driving source for opening and closing the stroke end self-locking assembly 67, so that the buffering assembly 64 is a key component for realizing the time difference between the opening and closing of the self-locking assembly 67 and the travel driving of the mounting platform 62, and the system can realize the action of opening and closing the self-locking assembly 67 before the mounting platform 62.

As shown in fig. 11, in this embodiment, the carrying device further includes a stabilizing device 7, and the stabilizing device 7 includes a rotating shaft 71, a mounting element 72, a buffering element 73, and an actuating element 74. The car 1 is further provided with a car frame 11, the car 1 is fixedly installed in the car frame 11, the car frame 11 is composed of H-shaped steel and I-shaped steel, and the car frame 11 is provided with at least two tensioning pieces 111 which are located on two sides of the car 1 and used for enhancing bearing and stability of the car frame 11. The bottom end of the beam 21 of the suspension device 2 is provided with a hinged seat 28, and the hinged seat 28 is hinged with the carriage frame 11 through a rotating shaft 71, so that the suspension device 2 can rotate relative to the car 1.

In this embodiment, the damping member 73 and the actuator 74 are mounted to the mounting member 72. The actuating element 74 is provided with an electric cylinder, the mounting element 72 is provided with a carriage mounting seat 721, a suspension connecting seat 722 and a buffer seat 723, the carriage mounting seat 721 is fixedly connected with the carriage frame 11, and the suspension connecting seat 722 is fixedly connected with the hinge seat 28; the carriage mounting seat 721 is fixedly connected with the buffering seat 723, and the buffering element 73 is arranged between the carriage mounting seat 721 and the buffering seat 723; one end of the electric cylinder provided with the push rod 632 is in spherical hinge with the suspension frame connecting seat 722, and the other end of the electric cylinder is in hinge with the buffer seat 723 through a pin shaft, so that circumferential rotation around the pin shaft and axial deviation compensation can be realized. The buffer element 73 is made of buffer rubber and plays a role in vibration reduction and buffering.

In this embodiment, the electric cylinder of the actuator 74 is a servo electric cylinder, and the active thrust and the external unbalanced load are balanced with each other to achieve stability. The servo electric cylinder can control the electric cylinder push rod to stretch and retract after receiving the control signal, so that the relative rotation angle of the carriage frame 11 and the suspension device 2 is kept, namely the vertical degree of the car 1 is kept, and the car 1 is in a vertical state and does not shake when turning, rail changing and vertical operation are carried out.

In this embodiment, drive arrangement still is equipped with power supply assembly, and running gear still is equipped with the power supply track, and the power supply track arranges with the orbit 3 retinue, satisfies 1 no cable power supply demand of car. A power supply rail mounting surface 33 is reserved on the running rail 3, and a power supply structure can adopt a power rail-power shoe structure, wherein the power rail is fixedly connected with the running rail 3 in an insulating way, and a movable power rail is also arranged on the power rail at the movable rail section and can move along with the movable rail. The car 1 is provided with the electric shoes, the electric shoes move along with the structure of the car 1, and the electric shoes slide on the electric rails, so that the function of conveying electric power from the power distribution cabinet, the electric rails, the electric shoes and the car is achieved. The existing elevator system has a power rail-power shoe structure, meets the power utilization requirement of the elevator system, and can be directly used. The running track 3 is provided with a safety brake device to meet the requirement of emergency braking of the car 1, and the safety brake device of the existing elevator system can be used in the invention. Or the brake structure of application number PCTCN 2020078116.

When the elevator system of the embodiment is applied and implemented, the working principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 8(a) and 8(b), the elevator is provided with a plurality of cars 1, the first rail 34 and the second rail 35 are straight rails for the elevator cars to go up or down conventionally, when the rear car on the first rail 34 is obstructed by the front car, the control system of the elevator gives an action command to the switching device 6, the electric cylinder starts to act, the self-locking assembly 67 is opened through mechanical linkage of the push-pull device, then the end surface of the connecting shaft 641 in the buffer assembly 64 starts to act on the mounting platform 62, the mounting platform 62 moves along the guide 65 through the bearing wheels 661 and the guide rollers 662, so that the movable part 37 moves out of the rail-changing position, and the transition rail 612 moves towards the rail-changing position. When the station is about to enter, the 4 limit blocks 621 on the mounting platform 62 are wedged with the bearing groove 681 mounted on the fixing support 68, the fixing portion 36 and the transition rail 612 are precisely aligned, the wedge-shaped block 676 is locked with the tongue 675, and the first rail 34 and the second rail 35 are respectively engaged with the corresponding transition rail 612. Car 1 travels through transition track 612 to second track 35. When the car 1 finishes rail changing, the system sends out a rail resetting instruction, and the switching device 6 starts to move reversely, and the principle is the same as that described above. When the driving device passes through the transition rail 612 of the switching rail 61, the elastic element 42 can compensate the change of the center distance of the bilaterally symmetrical actuating units 53, so that the car 1 can smoothly pass through the circular arc rail.

When the number of the operation tracks 3 is more than three, the operation principle is the same as that of two tracks.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. The driving device of the ropeless elevator is characterized in that an elevator system comprises a driving device, a car and a running track, the car is driven by the driving device to move upwards or downwards on the running track, the running track is a single track, the elevator system is free of a traction structure, the driving device is provided with a force application unit and a sub-driving system, the sub-driving system is connected with the force application unit, and the sub-driving system is tightly pressed on the running track through the force application unit.

2. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sub driving systems are provided in at least two sets, and the two sets of the sub driving systems are disposed in pairs on both sides of the running track.

3. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the sub-driving system comprises a power unit, a transmission unit, and an execution unit, the execution unit is provided with a rolling member, and the power unit drives the rolling member to roll along the running rail through the transmission unit.

4. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the friction coefficient between the rolling member and the running rail is greater than 0.8.

5. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the rolling member is a driving wheel or a track, and a contact portion of the rolling member with the running rail is made of rubber.

6. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus as set forth in claim 4, wherein the transmission unit is one input-one output or one input-multiple constant speed output transmission structure.

7. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving wheels are provided with at least one driving wheel, and the driving wheels provided to the two sub-driving systems located at both sides of the running track are symmetrical with respect to the running track, or the driving wheels provided to the two sub-driving systems located at both sides of the running track are staggered.

8. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the transmission unit includes a transmission assembly and a driving shaft, the power unit and the actuating unit are mounted on the transmission assembly, the power unit is connected to the transmission assembly, and the driving shaft is connected to the transmission assembly at one end and to the driving wheel at the other end.

9. The ropeless elevator driving apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein the transmission assembly is provided with a transmission gear set, the power unit is connected to an input end of the transmission gear set, and the driving shaft is connected to an output end of the transmission gear set.

10. A multi-car elevator system, comprising the driving device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the elevator system is provided with a plurality of cars and at least two running rails, the multi-car elevator system further comprises at least one switching device, the switching device is provided with a switching rail, the cars are switched to different running rails through the switching rail, the running rails and the switching rail form a running channel of the cars, when the cars are switched to different running rails, the switching rail is connected with the running rail, and when the cars are not switched to the running rail, the switching rail is not connected with the running rail.