CN112273323A

CN112273323A - Ecological breeding method for poultry

Info

Publication number: CN112273323A
Application number: CN202011163231.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧志明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Fuyang Huading Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-27
Also published as: CN112273323B

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of cultivation, and provides an ecological cultivation method for poultry, which provides a movable ditch and high pasture for shading for geese and ducks, does not need to configure a pond and build a shading net, can improve a comfortable movable space for the geese and the ducks, is favorable for enhancing the fertility of the geese and the ducks and improves the fertility rate. The invention adopts high forage grass and aquatic organisms to feed ampullaria gigas, adopts low forage grass to feed geese, adopts ampullaria gigas to feed ducks, and takes excrement of ducks and geese as food of the aquatic organisms and plays a role in purifying water body. Therefore, the invention realizes the ecological breeding of the ducks and the geese, improves the meat quality of the ducks and the geese, saves the construction cost and the feed cost of the breeding field of the ducks and the geese, and is environment-friendly.

Description

Ecological breeding method for poultry

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to an ecological cultivation method for poultry.

Background

With the improvement of living standard of people, the demand of people on meat products is changed from pure quantitative change to quality change, once people only need to eat more meat, and now people pursue the concept of healthy, nutritional and safe diet, and the demand on meat products is gradually improved. At present, poultry such as ducks, geese and the like are mainly fed by concentrated feed, and have rough meat quality and lack of flavor.

Meanwhile, due to the water-loving life habit, poultry such as ducks, geese and the like generally need to be matched with a large-area pond. Especially, breeding birds like to play in water and mate, and the pond is not enough to increase the fertility and improve the fertility rate. However, due to the cost of pond construction, the requirement of clean water source, sewage treatment and other conditions, the cost of breeding ducks and geese in the pond is increased; in addition, because the sewage treatment cost is high, most of the existing small-scale farmers directly discharge sewage, which causes the sewage to pollute the surrounding environment and influence surrounding residents.

The biological purification technology is a method for removing harmful substances and finally realizing deodorization and harmlessness by absorbing, decomposing and utilizing the harmful substances as nutrient substances by microorganisms to oxidize the nutrient substances into final products by using the metabolic activity of the microorganisms. Generally, the physical and chemical methods have the defects of large investment, high energy consumption, easy generation of secondary pollution and the like, and the biological purification technology has incomparable advantages compared with other methods both from the economic perspective and the technical perspective, so the biological purification technology is favored by people and becomes a main purification technology for sewage treatment.

The ampullaria gigas like living in fresh water with fresh water quality and sufficient bait, and a plurality of groups of the ampullaria gigas inhabit shallow water areas beside the pool. The diet is wide, and the snails with the vegetal bait as the main ingredient are mainly eaten by duckweed, vegetables, melons and fruits, and particularly like gramineous plants, sweet foods and animal carrion in water. Meat and shells of ampullaria gigas are good sources of protein and calcium, even if the ampullaria gigas is fed raw, ducks are very popular to eat, and the meat quality of poultry fed with the ampullaria gigas is fresh and better than that of poultry fed with the mixed feed.

The pasture can be divided into high pasture and low pasture according to plant height, for example, pennisetum hydridum and pennisetum hydridum have stem height of 3-4 m and plant height of more than 5 m, and belong to high pasture. The height of the chicory, the endive and the like is 40-100 cm, and the chicory, the endive and the like belong to short pasture.

Pennisetum hydridum is a perennial, erect bushy gramineae, with an appearance and growth similar to sugarcane. The plant grows with 20-30 nodes, the plant on the upper part of the earth surface is upright and clustered, the plant is tall, big and strong, the internode is crisp and tender, and the internode is small. The internodes are 9-15 cm long, the lower part is longer and the upper part is relatively shorter, each section grows an axillary bud and is wrapped by the leaves. Pennisetum hydridum is a high-yield and high-quality mowing type forage grass, and can be used for feeding herbivorous livestock such as cattle and sheep, poultry and fish. Pennisetum hydridum has low requirements on soil, can grow on poor and thin sand beach lands, sandy lands, steep slopes with serious water and soil loss, and acid, coarse sand, clay, laterite and slight saline-alkali soil, and is most suitable for clay soil with deep soil layer and rich organic matters.

The chicory is introduced into China at the end of the 70 th of the 20 th century, and has strong adaptability, easy cultivation, fresh and tender leaf quality, good palatability and high nutritional value. Can be used for many years after one-time planting, the utilization period reaches 8 months, and the yield is very high. Chicory is a very popular forage variety for poultry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ecological breeding method for poultry, which can improve the meat quality of meat-producing poultry, enhance the reproductive capacity of breeding poultry, save the construction cost of a breeding field and the cost of feed and is environment-friendly.

The invention is realized in such a way that the ecological breeding method of poultry comprises the following steps:

s11, dividing one land into a duck breeding area, a goose breeding area, a pomacea canaliculata breeding area and a biological purification area;

s12, dividing duck moving ditches and high-grass planting belts which are alternately distributed in a duck breeding area; dividing goose moving ditches and high pasture planting belts which are alternately distributed in a goose breeding area; dividing alternate Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditches and a low pasture planting zone in the Pomacea canaliculata breeding area;

s13, digging a duck movable ditch, a goose movable ditch, a Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch and a biological purification area, and connecting the water outlet ends of the duck movable ditch, the goose movable ditch and the Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch to the biological purification area;

s14, separating a duck breeding area, a goose breeding area, a pomacea canaliculata breeding area and a biological purification area by adopting barriers to ensure that animals in each area do not interfere in space;

s15, planting high pasture in the high pasture planting zone and planting low pasture in the low pasture planting zone;

s16, introducing water into a duck moving ditch, a goose moving ditch, a pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch and a biological purification area;

s17, putting ampullaria gigas in the ampullaria gigas culture ditch, and putting at least one of aquatic plants, aquatic animals and microorganisms in the biological purification area;

s18, after the high forage grass grows to a certain height, putting ducks in the duck breeding area, and putting geese in the goose breeding area, wherein the high forage grass is used as shading crops of ducks and geese;

s19, feeding ducks, geese and ampullaria gigas by using sufficient conventional compound feed temporarily;

s20, cutting or kneading the dwarf forage grass into shreds after the dwarf forage grass reaches the cutting standard, and then feeding the processed dwarf forage grass into a goose culture area for feeding geese; meanwhile, the conventional compound feed for feeding geese is properly reduced;

s21, cutting the high pasture after the high pasture reaches the cutting standard, and putting the cut high pasture into a Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch for feeding the Pomacea canaliculata; when the organisms in the biological purification area reach the harvest standard, fishing the organisms in the biological purification area as required, and putting the organisms into the ampullaria gigas culture ditch for feeding the ampullaria gigas;

s22, manually selecting Pomacea canaliculata which meets the harvest standard in a Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch, cooking and crushing, and feeding ducks, wherein conventional compound feed for feeding the ducks is properly reduced;

s23, discharging sewage into the biological purification area after impurities in water in the duck moving ditch, the goose moving ditch and the ampullaria gigas cultivation ditch reach a certain degree, so that the sewage can be absorbed by organisms in the biological purification area to purify the water quality.

S25, periodically discharging a new water source into the duck moving ditch, the goose moving ditch and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch, and discharging the water purified by the biological purification area.

Further, the ecological breeding method also comprises the following steps:

and the organisms put in the biological purification area comprise algae, and when the algae in the biological purification area reach the harvest standard, the algae are collected according to the requirement and put into the ampullaria gigas culture ditch for feeding.

Further, the ecological breeding method also comprises the following steps: collecting the eggs without the sperm of the breeding ducks or the breeding geese or the smelly eggs which fail to hatch, breaking the eggs, and then throwing the eggs into the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch for feeding the ampullaria gigas.

Further, in the ecological breeding method, after digging a duck movable ditch, a goose movable ditch and a ampullaria gigas breeding ditch, the method further comprises the following steps:

plastic impermeable films are paved in the duck moving ditch, the goose moving ditch and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch to prevent water in the ditches from permeating soil.

Furthermore, in the ecological breeding method, slopes are arranged on two inner sides of the dug duck movable ditch and the dug goose movable ditch, so that ducks and geese can fall on the slopes conveniently.

Furthermore, in the ecological breeding method, the high pasture planted in the high pasture planting zone comprises pennisetum hydridum, and the low pasture planted in the low pasture planting zone comprises chicory.

Further, the ecological breeding method also comprises the following steps:

the stems of the high-pasture grass are bound into a frame shape and placed in the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch to serve as a place for the ampullaria gigas to live and lay eggs.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a movable ditch and high pasture for shading for geese and ducks, a comfortable movable space can be provided for the geese and the ducks without configuring a pond and building a shading net, the fertility of the geese and the ducks is enhanced, and the fertilization rate is improved.

The invention adopts high forage grass and aquatic organisms to feed ampullaria gigas, adopts low forage grass to feed geese, adopts ampullaria gigas to feed ducks, and takes excrement of ducks and geese as food of the aquatic organisms and plays a role in purifying water body. Therefore, the invention realizes the ecological breeding of the ducks and the geese, improves the meat quality of the ducks and the geese, saves the construction cost and the feed cost of the breeding field of the ducks and the geese, and is environment-friendly.

In addition, the infertile eggs of the breeding ducks or the breeding geese or the smelly eggs which fail to hatch are thrown away directly in the past, and the eggs are broken and used for feeding the ampullaria gigas to serve as a protein source of the ampullaria gigas, so that resource waste is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an ecological poultry farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along section line A-A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along line B-B;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the ampullaria gigas farm in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a duck breeding area in the field of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a goose-farming area in the field shown in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment provides an ecological breeding method of poultry, which comprises the following steps:

site construction:

s11, please refer to fig. 1 to 6, dividing a land into a duck breeding area 1, a goose breeding area 2, a ampullaria gigas breeding area 3 and a biological purification area 4.

S12, dividing duck movable ditches 11 and a first high-grass planting belt 12 which are alternately distributed in the duck breeding area 1; dividing goose moving ditches 21 and a second high-pasture planting belt 22 which are alternately distributed in the goose culture area 2; and (3) dividing the ampullaria gigas culture area 3 into ampullaria gigas culture ditches 31 and a low grass planting zone 32 which are alternately distributed.

S13, excavating a duck movable ditch 11, a goose movable ditch 21, a Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch 31 and a biological purification area 4, and paving plastic impermeable films 5 in the duck movable ditch 11, the goose movable ditch 21 and the Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch 31 to prevent water in the ditches from permeating soil; and the water outlet ends of the duck moving ditch 11, the goose moving ditch 21 and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch 31 are connected to the biological purification area 4.

S14, slopes are arranged on the inner sides of the duck moving ditch 11 and the goose moving ditch 21, so that ducks and geese can fall on the slopes conveniently.

S15, separating the duck breeding area 1, the goose breeding area 2, the ampullaria gigas breeding area 3 and the biological purification area 4 by adopting the barriers 6 to ensure that animals in all the areas do not interfere in space.

Planting forage grass:

s16, planting high pasture 7 in the first high pasture planting belt 12 and the second high pasture planting belt 22, and planting low pasture 8 in the low pasture planting belt 32, wherein the high pasture 7 is pennisetum hydridum, and the low pasture 8 is chicory in the embodiment.

Diversion, putting in ampullaria gigas and organisms for purification:

s17, introducing water into the duck moving ditch 11, the goose moving ditch 21, the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch 31 and the biological purification area 4.

S18, placing the ampullaria gigas in the ampullaria gigas culture ditch 31, and placing aquatic plants, aquatic animals and microorganisms in the biological purification area 4. The thrown aquatic organisms comprise algae, and when the algae in the biological purification area reaches the harvest standard, the algae are collected according to needs and are thrown into the ampullaria gigas culture ditch 31 for feeding of the ampullaria gigas.

Cutting and feeding forage grass:

s19, after the high forage grass 7 grows to a certain height, putting ducks in the duck breeding area 1, putting geese in the goose breeding area, and taking the high forage grass 7 as the shady crop of ducks and geese.

S20, temporarily feeding ducks, geese and ampullaria gigas by using sufficient conventional compound feed.

S21, after the dwarf forage 8 reaches the cutting standard, cutting or kneading the dwarf forage 8 into shreds, and then feeding the processed dwarf forage 8 into the goose culture area 2 for the geese to eat; meanwhile, the conventional compound feed for feeding geese is properly reduced.

And S22, cutting the high pasture 7 after the high pasture 7 reaches the cutting standard, putting the cut high pasture 7 into the Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch 31 for Pomacea canaliculata to eat, binding the stems of the high pasture 7 into a rack shape, and putting the rack shape in the Pomacea canaliculata breeding ditch 31 to serve as a place for the Pomacea canaliculata to live and lay eggs.

S23, when the organisms in the to-be-biologically-purified area 4 reach the harvest standard, fishing the organisms in the to-be-biologically-purified area as required, and putting the organisms into the ampullaria gigas culture ditch 31 for feeding the ampullaria gigas.

S24, collecting the eggs without the sperm of the breeding ducks or the breeding geese or the smelly eggs which fail to hatch, breaking the eggs, and putting the eggs into the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch 31 for the ampullaria gigas to eat.

S25, manually selecting ampullaria gigas meeting the harvest standard in the ampullaria gigas culture ditch 31, boiling (the purpose of boiling is to kill parasites in the ampullaria gigas at high temperature) and crushing, then feeding the ampullaria gigas with the ampullaria gigas, and meanwhile, properly reducing the conventional compound feed for feeding the ducks.

And (3) periodically changing and draining water:

s26, after the impurities in the water in the duck moving ditch 11, the goose moving ditch 21 and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch 31 reach a certain degree, discharging the sewage into the biological purification area 4 for biological absorption in the biological purification area 4 so as to purify the water quality.

S27, periodically discharging a new water source to the duck moving ditch 11, the goose moving ditch 21 and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch 31, and discharging the water purified by the biological purification area 4.

This embodiment provides the high forage grass 7 of activity ditch and sunshade usefulness for goose, duck, need not to dispose the pond, also need not to build the sunshade net, can just improve a comfortable activity space for goose, duck, is favorable to strengthening the fecundity of goose, duck, improves the fertility rate.

In the embodiment, tall forage grass 7 and aquatic organisms are adopted to feed ampullaria gigas, short forage grass 8 is adopted to feed geese, and ampullaria gigas is adopted to feed ducks; the excrement of ducks and geese is used as food of aquatic organisms, and meanwhile, the effect of purifying the water body is achieved. Therefore, the embodiment realizes the ecological breeding of the ducks and the geese, improves the meat quality of the ducks and the geese, saves the construction cost and the feed cost of the breeding field of the ducks and the geese, and is environment-friendly.

In addition, the clear eggs of the breeding ducks or the breeding geese or the smelly eggs failing to hatch are thrown away directly in the past, and the broken eggs are used for feeding the ampullaria gigas to serve as a protein source of the ampullaria gigas, so that resource waste is avoided.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological breeding method for poultry is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The ecological breeding method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

3. The ecological breeding method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: collecting the eggs without the sperm of the breeding ducks or the breeding geese or the smelly eggs which fail to hatch, breaking the eggs, and then throwing the eggs into the ampullaria gigas breeding ditch for feeding the ampullaria gigas.

4. The ecological breeding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein after digging the duck moving ditches, the goose moving ditches and the ampullaria gigas breeding ditches, the method further comprises the following steps:

5. The ecological breeding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein slopes are provided on both inner sides of the dug duck moving gutters and goose moving gutters to facilitate the falling of ducks and geese.

6. The ecological breeding method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-grass planted in the high-grass planting zone comprises pennisetum hydridum, and the low-grass planted in the low-grass planting zone comprises chicory.

7. An ecological breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the steps of: