CN112265078A - 一种甲醛净化生态板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种甲醛净化生态板及其制备方法，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1‑100份、丝织品1‑90份、叶脉1‑50份、氨基树脂胶液1‑50份和无机胶粘剂5‑30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10‑20份、碳酸钙5‑15份、聚乙烯颗粒2‑3份。本发明合理利用木屑，实现了资源的再次利用，保护环境，通过净化生态层和甲醛分解液，可以使甲醛分解，净化空气，提高环境质量指标，内芯基材层也用甲醛分解液浸泡过，也有使甲醛分解，净化空气的功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生态板领域，尤其涉及一种甲醛净化生态板及其制备方法。
背景技术
在装饰材料技术领域，胶合板、细木工板以及贴面板装修之后，室内甲苯、二甲苯等气味久久不能散去，严重影响室内环境，制约了该产品的使用；浸渍纸饰面人造板(细木工板芯、胶合板芯，又称“环保生态板”)施工速度快，室内有机挥发物质少，越来越受到消费者的亲睐，但是浸渍纸用的脲醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的摩尔比太高，甲醛释放量明显高于普通人造板；而且浸渍纸着色时用的油墨中色彩鲜艳的颜料大多采用偶氮类型，造成耐光色牢度不高，房间里阳光照晒程度不一，板面颜色差异明显。
中国刨花板生产经历是由20世纪80年代的上升、到90年代的下降、再由2000年的再上升的反复过程。刨花板由于质量差和其它一些原因，被市场抛弃后，许多刨花板企业吸取教训，引进国外的先进生产线和提高工艺水平后，中国的刨花板质量有了明显提高，又重新被市场所接受，许多家具生产企业又重新选用刨花板为原料。近几年来，中国的刨花板需求量是逐年上升。随着国内外对刨花板的需求量不断增加，和国家出台优惠政策鼓励人造板业发展，为刨花板业的发展创造了极好的条件。
中国刨花板行业发展较快，但许多企业不注意产品质量，存在甲醛严重超标，室内空气质量现状是社会关注的一个焦点问题，甲醛、TVOC、细菌浓度超标严重影响着人们的身心健康。普通人造板家具板材使用甲醛和尿素合成的胶黏剂达到粘接效果，虽然胶接性能优良，但其中游离出的甲醛致使室内空气质量恶化，对老幼、体弱者或孕妇滋生健康隐患。因此，能够吸附并分解空气中甲醛的功能性板材是人们健康的需求，也是家具板材发展的方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种甲醛净化生态板及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了以下技术方案：
一种甲醛净化生态板及其制备方法，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1-100份、丝织品1-90份、叶脉1-50份、氨基树脂胶液1-50份和无机胶粘剂5-30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10-20份、碳酸钙5-15份、聚乙烯颗粒2-3份、脲醛树脂膜5-8份、木纤维6-12份、电气石5-10份、树皮10-20份、环保胶8-10份、阻燃剂8-30份、防火剂5-20份和防水剂8-16份。
优选的，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1份、丝织品1份、叶脉1份、氨基树脂胶液1份和无机胶粘剂5份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10份、碳酸钙5份、聚乙烯颗粒2份、脲醛树脂膜5份、木纤维6份、电气石5份、树皮10份、环保胶8份、阻燃剂8份、防火剂5份和防水剂8份。
优选的，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑50份、丝织品45份、叶脉25份、氨基树脂胶液25份和无机胶粘剂22份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭15份、碳酸钙7份、聚乙烯颗粒2.5份、脲醛树脂膜6份、木纤维8份、电气石7份、树皮15份、环保胶9份、阻燃剂21份、防火剂12份和防水剂12份。
优选的，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1-100份、丝织品90份、叶脉50份、氨基树脂胶液50份和无机胶粘剂30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭20份、碳酸钙15份、聚乙烯颗粒3份、脲醛树脂膜8份、木纤维12份、电气石10份、树皮20份、环保胶10份、阻燃剂30份、防火剂20份和防水剂16份。
一种甲醛净化生态板的制备方法，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：内芯基材层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的氨基树脂胶液和无机胶粘剂放入水中浸泡2个小时后，加热直到溶解后，然后将木屑、丝织品和叶脉加入进去，再均匀搅拌，加入发泡剂静置即可，最后烘干后，进行切分形成内芯基材层的胚材；
S2：净化生态层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的活性炭、碳酸钙、聚乙烯颗粒、木纤维、电气石和树皮放置研磨机内进行研磨得净化粉，脲醛树脂膜、环保胶、阻燃剂、防火剂和防水剂混合在一起，再将研磨后净化粉与之混合即可得净化生态层；
S3：甲醛分解液的制备：将纯净水、甲壳素、纳米硅片和二氧化钛混合搅拌20-30分钟；
S4：将内芯基材层通过甲醛分解液后烘干，再将净化生态层均匀铺在内芯基材层的外表面进行烘干，烘干后再通过甲醛分解液后，再次烘干得甲醛净化生态板原板；
S5：最后将表层装饰胶膜纸层通过压贴工艺贴附在S4中得到甲醛净化生态板原板表面即可。
优选的，所述S1中的发泡剂为铝粉。
优选的，所述甲醛分解液包括以下重量份原料：纯净水8-10份、甲壳素10-20份、纳米硅片7-15份、二氧化钛1-3份。
优选的，所述压贴工艺为：压力0.8-1.5Mpa，温度90-150℃，时间6-12min。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、本发明合理利用木屑，实现了资源的再次利用，保护环境。
2、本发明通过净化生态层和甲醛分解液，净化生态层的表面可以吸附，然后净化生态层表面的甲醛分解液可以使甲醛分解，净化空气，提高环境质量指标，而且内芯基材层也用甲醛分解液浸泡过，也有使甲醛分解，净化空气的功能，而且净化生态层中还加入了阻燃剂以及防火剂和防水剂，在一定程度上有防火防水阻燃的效果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1：
内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1份、丝织品1份、叶脉1份、氨基树脂胶液1份和无机胶粘剂5份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10份、碳酸钙5份、聚乙烯颗粒2份、脲醛树脂膜5份、木纤维6份、电气石5份、树皮10份、环保胶8份、阻燃剂8份、防火剂5份和防水剂8份。
S1：内芯基材层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的氨基树脂胶液和无机胶粘剂放入水中浸泡2个小时后，加热直到溶解后，然后将木屑、丝织品和叶脉加入进去，再均匀搅拌，加入发泡剂静置即可，最后烘干后，进行切分形成内芯基材层的胚材；
S2：净化生态层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的活性炭、碳酸钙、聚乙烯颗粒、木纤维、电气石和树皮放置研磨机内进行研磨得净化粉，脲醛树脂膜、环保胶、阻燃剂、防火剂和防水剂混合在一起，再将研磨后净化粉与之混合即可得净化生态层；
S3：甲醛分解液的制备：将纯净水、甲壳素、纳米硅片和二氧化钛混合搅拌20-30分钟；
S4：将内芯基材层通过甲醛分解液后烘干，再将净化生态层均匀铺在内芯基材层的外表面进行烘干，烘干后再通过甲醛分解液后，再次烘干得甲醛净化生态板原板；
S5：最后将表层装饰胶膜纸层通过压贴工艺贴附在S4中得到甲醛净化生态板原板表面即可。
实施例2：
内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑50份、丝织品45份、叶脉25份、氨基树脂胶液25份和无机胶粘剂22份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭15份、碳酸钙7份、聚乙烯颗粒2.5份、脲醛树脂膜6份、木纤维8份、电气石7份、树皮15份、环保胶9份、阻燃剂21份、防火剂12份和防水剂12份。
S1：内芯基材层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的氨基树脂胶液和无机胶粘剂放入水中浸泡2个小时后，加热直到溶解后，然后将木屑、丝织品和叶脉加入进去，再均匀搅拌，加入发泡剂静置即可，最后烘干后，进行切分形成内芯基材层的胚材；
S2：净化生态层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的活性炭、碳酸钙、聚乙烯颗粒、木纤维、电气石和树皮放置研磨机内进行研磨得净化粉，脲醛树脂膜、环保胶、阻燃剂、防火剂和防水剂混合在一起，再将研磨后净化粉与之混合即可得净化生态层；
S3：甲醛分解液的制备：将纯净水、甲壳素、纳米硅片和二氧化钛混合搅拌20-30分钟；
S4：将内芯基材层通过甲醛分解液后烘干，再将净化生态层均匀铺在内芯基材层的外表面进行烘干，烘干后再通过甲醛分解液后，再次烘干得甲醛净化生态板原板；
S5：最后将表层装饰胶膜纸层通过压贴工艺贴附在S4中得到甲醛净化生态板原板表面即可。
实施例3：
内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1-100份、丝织品90份、叶脉50份、氨基树脂胶液50份和无机胶粘剂30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭20份、碳酸钙15份、聚乙烯颗粒3份、脲醛树脂膜8份、木纤维12份、电气石10份、树皮20份、环保胶10份、阻燃剂30份、防火剂20份和防水剂16份。
S1：内芯基材层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的氨基树脂胶液和无机胶粘剂放入水中浸泡2个小时后，加热直到溶解后，然后将木屑、丝织品和叶脉加入进去，再均匀搅拌，加入发泡剂静置即可，最后烘干后，进行切分形成内芯基材层的胚材；
S2：净化生态层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的活性炭、碳酸钙、聚乙烯颗粒、木纤维、电气石和树皮放置研磨机内进行研磨得净化粉，脲醛树脂膜、环保胶、阻燃剂、防火剂和防水剂混合在一起，再将研磨后净化粉与之混合即可得净化生态层；
S3：甲醛分解液的制备：将纯净水、甲壳素、纳米硅片和二氧化钛混合搅拌20-30分钟；
S4：将内芯基材层通过甲醛分解液后烘干，再将净化生态层均匀铺在内芯基材层的外表面进行烘干，烘干后再通过甲醛分解液后，再次烘干得甲醛净化生态板原板；
S5：最后将表层装饰胶膜纸层通过压贴工艺贴附在S4中得到甲醛净化生态板原板表面即可。
试验例：选取分别由实施例1、2和3分别造出100块甲醛净化生态板进行试验，下表为试验后统计结果：
| 实施例 | 防水效果好 | 防火效果好 | 阻燃效果好 | 甲醛值 |
| 实施例1 | 98 | 97 | 96 | 0.03mg/m<sup>3</sup> |
| 实施例2 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 0.01mg/m<sup>3</sup> |
| 实施例3 | 97 | 98 | 97 | 0.04mg/m<sup>3</sup> |
可以得知：
实施例1中的防水效果好的比例为98％，防火效果好的比例为97％，阻燃效果好的比例为96％，甲醛值为0.03mg/m3，远远小于中华人民共和国国家标准居室空气中甲醛的卫生标准规定的0.08mg/m3。
实施例2中的防水效果好的比例为99％，防火效果好的比例为100％，阻燃效果好的比例为100％，甲醛值为0.02mg/m3，远远小于中华人民共和国国家标准居室空气中甲醛的卫生标准规定的0.08mg/m3。
实施例1中的防水效果好的比例为97％，防火效果好的比例为98％，阻燃效果好的比例为97％，甲醛值为0.04mg/m3，远远小于中华人民共和国国家标准居室空气中甲醛的卫生标准规定的0.08mg/m3。
综上我们可以得知：通过净化生态层和甲醛分解液，净化生态层的表面可以吸附，然后净化生态层表面的甲醛分解液可以使甲醛分解，净化空气，提高环境质量指标，而且净化生态层中还加入了阻燃剂以及防火剂和防水剂，在一定程度上有防火防水阻燃的效果。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种甲醛净化生态板，其特征在于，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1-100份、丝织品1-90份、叶脉1-50份、氨基树脂胶液1-50份和无机胶粘剂5-30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10-20份、碳酸钙5-15份、聚乙烯颗粒2-3份、脲醛树脂膜5-8份、木纤维6-12份、电气石5-10份、树皮10-20份、环保胶8-10份、阻燃剂8-30份、防火剂5-20份和防水剂8-16份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲醛净化生态板，其特征在于，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1份、丝织品1份、叶脉1份、氨基树脂胶液1份和无机胶粘剂5份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭10份、碳酸钙5份、聚乙烯颗粒2份、脲醛树脂膜5份、木纤维6份、电气石5份、树皮10份、环保胶8份、阻燃剂8份、防火剂5份和防水剂8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲醛净化生态板，其特征在于，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑50份、丝织品45份、叶脉25份、氨基树脂胶液25份和无机胶粘剂22份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭15份、碳酸钙7份、聚乙烯颗粒2.5份、脲醛树脂膜6份、木纤维8份、电气石7份、树皮15份、环保胶9份、阻燃剂21份、防火剂12份和防水剂12份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲醛净化生态板，其特征在于，包括以下原料：内芯基材层、净化生态层、表层装饰胶膜纸层和甲醛分解液，所述内芯基材层包括以下重量份原料：木屑1-100份、丝织品90份、叶脉50份、氨基树脂胶液50份和无机胶粘剂30份；所述净化生态层包括以下重量份原料：所述空气净化层包括以下重量份数的组分：活性炭20份、碳酸钙15份、聚乙烯颗粒3份、脲醛树脂膜8份、木纤维12份、电气石10份、树皮20份、环保胶10份、阻燃剂30份、防火剂20份和防水剂16份。
5.一种甲醛净化生态板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下制备步骤：
S1：内芯基材层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的氨基树脂胶液和无机胶粘剂放入水中浸泡2个小时后，加热直到溶解后，然后将木屑、丝织品和叶脉加入进去，再均匀搅拌，加入发泡剂静置即可，最后烘干后，进行切分形成内芯基材层的胚材；
S2：净化生态层的制作：先将所述重量份原料的活性炭、碳酸钙、聚乙烯颗粒、木纤维、电气石和树皮放置研磨机内进行研磨得净化粉，脲醛树脂膜、环保胶、阻燃剂、防火剂和防水剂混合在一起，再将研磨后净化粉与之混合即可得净化生态层；
S3：甲醛分解液的制备：将纯净水、甲壳素、纳米硅片和二氧化钛混合搅拌20-30分钟；
S4：将内芯基材层通过甲醛分解液后烘干，再将净化生态层均匀铺在内芯基材层的外表面进行烘干，烘干后再通过甲醛分解液后，再次烘干得甲醛净化生态板原板；
S5：最后将表层装饰胶膜纸层通过压贴工艺贴附在S4中得到甲醛净化生态板原板表面即可。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种甲醛净化生态板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S1中的发泡剂为铝粉。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种甲醛净化生态板，其特征在于，所述甲醛分解液包括以下重量份原料：纯净水8-10份、甲壳素10-20份、纳米硅片7-15份、二氧化钛1-3份。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种甲醛净化生态板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述压贴工艺为：压力0.8-1.5Mpa，温度90-150℃，时间6-12min。
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