CN108382024B - 一种环保生态板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保生态板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108382024B
CN108382024B CN201810199138.7A CN201810199138A CN108382024B CN 108382024 B CN108382024 B CN 108382024B CN 201810199138 A CN201810199138 A CN 201810199138A CN 108382024 B CN108382024 B CN 108382024B
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CN108382024A (zh
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雷广云
王文新
史玉玲
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Guangdong Changhai Construction Engineering Co., Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种环保生态板及其制备方法，属于建筑材料技术领域。本发明通过添加的纳米硅片强大的负电场可将空气中的甲醛等气体分子吸附在板材表面，随后利用甲壳素中的活性氨基结合藻钙中含的TiO2光催化降解，再由竹炭、藻钙比表面积极大的微孔吸附有害物质及气体，同时纳米硅片起杀菌作用，从而达到空气净化的效果，且本发明芯材中含有储热物质，使得生态板具有保温功能，同时通过储热物质吸热放热过程，产生热对流促进空气流动进入板材中，促进室内空气中的有害物质吸附，同时促进产生的负离子分散入空气，有效改善人体感受和内循环系统。

Description

一种环保生态板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环保生态板及其制备方法，属于建筑材料技术领域。
背景技术
在装饰材料技术领域，胶合板、细木工板以及贴面板装修之后，室内甲苯、二甲苯等气味久久不能散去，严重影响室内环境，制约了该产品的使用；浸渍纸饰面人造板（细木工板芯、胶合板芯，又称“环保生态板”）施工速度快，室内有机挥发物质少，越来越受到消费者的亲睐，但是浸渍纸用的脲醛树脂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的摩尔比太高，甲醛释放量明显高于普通人造板；而且浸渍纸着色时用的油墨中色彩鲜艳的颜料大多采用偶氮类型，造成耐光色牢度不高，房间里阳光照晒程度不一，板面颜色差异明显。
室内空气质量现状是社会关注的一个焦点问题，甲醛、TVOC、细菌浓度超标严重影响着人们的身心健康。普通人造板家具板材使用甲醛和尿素合成的胶黏剂达到粘接效果，虽然胶接性能优良，但其中游离出的甲醛致使室内空气质量恶化，对老幼、体弱者或孕妇滋生健康隐患。因此，能够吸附并分解空气中甲醛的功能性板材是人们健康的需求，也是家具板材发展的方向。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题：针对室内空气甲醛、TVOC、细菌浓度超标严重影响着人们的身心健康的问题，提供了一种环保生态板及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种环保生态板，其特征在于，包括内芯板层、空气净化层、原木层、饰面层，所述内芯板层上下两侧均设有空气净化层，在所述空气净化层外侧设有原木层，所述饰面层粘合于原木层表面，所述空气净化层包括如下重量份数的组分：10～15份竹炭，5～10份藻钙，2～3份聚乙烯醇，0.5～1.0份纤维素醚，0.5～1.0份木纤维，2～3份电气石，5～8份树皮，6～10份环保胶，所述饰面层为浸渍于包含纳米硅片和壳聚糖和三聚氰胺改性树脂中的印刷纸制成，浸胶量为50～65g/m2。
所述内芯板层为浸泡在基板浸渍液中超声吸附处理的基板，所述基板为多层胶合板、双层实木板中的任意一种。
所述基板浸渍液由36～54重量份三羟甲基乙烷，240～360重量份硬脂酸，200～250重量份肉豆蔻酸，300～450重量份单硬脂酸甘油酯组成。
所述树皮为针叶木树皮。
所述环保胶为改性生物质胶粘剂。
所述原木层为杨木单板、桉木单板或科技木单板中的任意一种。
所述纳米硅片用量为三聚氰胺改性树脂质量的5～8%，所述壳聚糖用量为三聚氰胺改性树脂质量的1～3%。
一种环保生态板的制备方法，具体步骤为：
（1）取三羟甲基乙烷、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸、单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至60～70℃，并在真空度为60～80kPa下，保温搅拌1～2h，得基板浸渍液；
（2）取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附20～30min，再以5℃/min升温至80～90℃，继续吸附20～30min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层；
（3）取竹炭、藻钙、聚乙烯醇、纤维素醚、木纤维、电气石、树皮、环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以800～1000r/min研磨分散2～3h，得空气净化料，
（4）取纳米硅片、壳聚糖加入三聚氰胺改性树脂中混合均匀，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为50～65g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸；
（5）在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为100～150g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，控制压力为3～6MPa，温度为120～130℃，压制时间为8～10min压制成型，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
本发明与其他方法相比，有益技术效果是：
（1）本发明通过添加的纳米硅片强大的负电场可将空气中的甲醛等气体分子吸附在板材表面，随后利用甲壳素中的活性氨基结合藻钙中含的TiO2光催化降解，再由竹炭、藻钙比表面积极大的微孔吸附有害物质及气体，借助氧化分解能力破坏有机物中的C—C、C—H、C—N、C—O、O—H、N—H，而最终被氧化为CO2和H2O，同时纳米硅片起杀菌作用，从而达到空气净化的效果；
（2）本发明采用树皮中含有胶结物质，在热压机内以一定的温度和压力，通过树皮内部的各种化学反应取代部分胶黏剂，实现自黏合制造板材，减少含醛胶黏剂的用量，降低室内甲醛用量； （3）本发明芯材中含有储热物质，使得生态板具有保温功能，同时通过储热物质吸热放热过程，产生热对流促进空气流动进入板材中，促进室内空气中的有害物质吸附，同时促进产生的负离子分散入空气，有效改善人体感受和内循环系统。
具体实施方式
取36～54g三羟甲基乙烷，240～360g硬脂酸，200～250g肉豆蔻酸，300～450g单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至60～70℃，并在真空度为60～80kPa下，保温搅拌1～2h，得基板浸渍液，取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附20～30min，再以5℃/min升温至80～90℃，继续吸附20～30min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层，取10～15g竹炭，5～10g藻钙，2～3g聚乙烯醇，0.5～1.0g纤维素醚，0.5～1.0g木纤维，2～3g电气石，5～8g树皮，6～10g环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以800～1000r/min研磨分散2～3h，得空气净化料，取5～8g纳米硅片，1～3g壳聚糖，加入80～100g三聚氰胺改性树脂中，以300～400r/min搅拌20～30min，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为50～65g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸，在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为100～150g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，并采用单面热压工艺压制成型，控制压力为3～6MPa，温度为120～130℃，压制时间为8～10min，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
实例1
取36g三羟甲基乙烷，240g硬脂酸，200g肉豆蔻酸，300g单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至60℃，并在真空度为60kPa下，保温搅拌1h，得基板浸渍液，取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附20min，再以5℃/min升温至80℃，继续吸附20min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层，取10g竹炭，5g藻钙，2g聚乙烯醇，0.5g纤维素醚，0.5g木纤维，2g电气石，5g树皮，6g环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以800r/min研磨分散2h，得空气净化料，取5g纳米硅片，1g壳聚糖，加入80g三聚氰胺改性树脂中，以300r/min搅拌20min，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为50g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸，在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为100g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，并采用单面热压工艺压制成型，控制压力为3MPa，温度为120℃，压制时间为8min，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
实例2
取45g三羟甲基乙烷，300g硬脂酸，225g肉豆蔻酸，375g单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至65℃，并在真空度为70kPa下，保温搅拌1h，得基板浸渍液，取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附25min，再以5℃/min升温至85℃，继续吸附25min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层，取13g竹炭，7g藻钙，2g聚乙烯醇，0.75g纤维素醚，0.75g木纤维，2.5g电气石，6.5g树皮，8g环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以900r/min研磨分散2h，得空气净化料，取7g纳米硅片，2g壳聚糖，加入90g三聚氰胺改性树脂中，以350r/min搅拌25min，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为60g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸，在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为125g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，并采用单面热压工艺压制成型，控制压力为5MPa，温度为125℃，压制时间为9min，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
实例3
取54g三羟甲基乙烷，360g硬脂酸，250g肉豆蔻酸，450g单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至70℃，并在真空度为80kPa下，保温搅拌2h，得基板浸渍液，取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附30min，再以5℃/min升温至90℃，继续吸附30min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层，取15g竹炭，10g藻钙，3g聚乙烯醇，1.0g纤维素醚，1.0g木纤维，3g电气石，8g树皮，10g环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以1000r/min研磨分散3h，得空气净化料，取8g纳米硅片，3g壳聚糖，加入100g三聚氰胺改性树脂中，以400r/min搅拌30min，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为65g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸，在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为150g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，并采用单面热压工艺压制成型，控制压力为6MPa，温度为130℃，压制时间为10min，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
将本发明制备的环保生态板及广东某公司生产的生态板片进行检测，具体检测结果如下表表1：
表1环保生态板性能表征
由表1可知本发明制备的环保生态板，甲醛净化率和除菌率高达99%，达到净化室内空气的效果，降噪系数明显高于普通生态板，各项性能指标优异，具有广阔的应用市场。

Claims (6)

1.一种环保生态板，其特征在于，包括内芯板层、空气净化层、原木层、饰面层，所述内芯板层上下两侧均设有空气净化层，在所述空气净化层外侧设有原木层，所述饰面层粘合于原木层表面，所述空气净化层包括如下重量份数的组分：10～15份竹炭，5～10份藻钙，2～3份聚乙烯醇，0.5～1.0份纤维素醚，0.5～1.0份木纤维，2～3份电气石，5～8份树皮，6～10份环保胶，所述饰面层为浸渍于包含纳米硅片和壳聚糖和三聚氰胺改性树脂中的印刷纸制成，浸胶量为50～65g/m2，所述内芯板层为浸泡在基板浸渍液中超声吸附处理的基板，所述基板为多层胶合板、双层实木板中的任意一种，所述基板浸渍液由36～54重量份三羟甲基乙烷，240～360重量份硬脂酸，200～250重量份肉豆蔻酸，300～450重量份单硬脂酸甘油酯组成。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种环保生态板，其特征在于，所述树皮为针叶木树皮。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种环保生态板，其特征在于，所述环保胶为改性生物质胶粘剂。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种环保生态板，其特征在于，所述原木层为杨木单板、桉木单板或科技木单板中的任意一种。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种环保生态板，其特征在于，所述纳米硅片用量为三聚氰胺改性树脂质量的5～8%，所述壳聚糖用量为三聚氰胺改性树脂质量的1～3%。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种环保生态板的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤为：
（1）取三羟甲基乙烷、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸、单硬脂酸甘油酯放入烧杯中，以5℃/min升温至60～70℃，并在真空度为60～80kPa下，保温搅拌1～2h，得基板浸渍液；
（2）取基板浸泡在基板浸渍液中，以150W超声功率吸附20～30min，再以5℃/min升温至80～90℃，继续吸附20～30min，取出基板沥干并冷却至室温，得内芯板层；
（3）取竹炭、藻钙、聚乙烯醇、纤维素醚、木纤维、电气石、树皮、环保胶，装入卧式砂磨机中，以800～1000r/min研磨分散2～3h，得空气净化料，
（4）取纳米硅片、壳聚糖加入三聚氰胺改性树脂中混合均匀，再浸渍印刷纸，控制浸胶量为50～65g/m2，取出印刷纸沥干后自然风干，得饰面纸；
（5）在内芯板层表面覆盖空气净化料，控制表面物料量为100～150g/m2，再依次覆盖原木板和饰面纸，控制压力为3～6MPa，温度为120～130℃，压制时间为8～10min压制成型，冷却至室温后磨削裁边，得环保生态板。
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