CN112247484A - Heating convex hole forming method for melon petal at bottom of 2219 aluminum alloy storage box - Google Patents
Heating convex hole forming method for melon petal at bottom of 2219 aluminum alloy storage box Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247484A CN112247484A CN202011044414.6A CN202011044414A CN112247484A CN 112247484 A CN112247484 A CN 112247484A CN 202011044414 A CN202011044414 A CN 202011044414A CN 112247484 A CN112247484 A CN 112247484A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
- B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
- B21D19/088—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws for flanging holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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Abstract
The invention provides a heating convex hole forming method for a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box, which comprises the steps of blanking by a water cutting machine, quenching heat treatment, forming the melon petal by a hydraulic machine after quenching, removing the allowance, forming a prefabricated hole, heating a convex hole die by a coil to perform convex hole operation, performing aging heat treatment on the melon petal after the convex hole operation is completed, and finally forming. The invention innovating a mold heating method, controlling heating temperature, heat preservation time and process flow, not only completing the convex hole of the melon petal, but also improving the qualification rate, simplifying the process flow and improving the mechanical property of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of melon petal processing, and particularly relates to a method for forming a heating convex hole of a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box.
Background
The melon flap at the bottom of the box is one of the components of the box bottom of the carrier rocket storage box, because part of the melon flap needs to be connected with a fuel transportation pipeline system, a flanging hole exists in the local area of the melon flap, the process of forming the melon flap flanging hole is called a convex hole, namely a round hole D0 with a smaller diameter is processed in advance on the melon flap, then under the action of a convex die, the hole with the diameter D0 is gradually enlarged to a hole with the diameter D, and simultaneously, the hole edge is bent along the concave die, at present, the raw material of the melon flap at the bottom of the box in the XX-5 model in the active carrier rocket is annealed 2219 aluminum alloy, and the melon flap convex hole mainly adopts a process method of 'rigid die two times convex hole of a hydraulic press': under the room temperature state, the melon petal is formed and then is divided into two times of convex holes, the middle part needs quenching treatment, because the convex hole deformation is larger, when the convex hole is formed by adopting the process method, the two times of convex hole processes are needed, and the middle part needs one time of aluminum alloy quenching heat treatment to eliminate the deformation resistance of the material and improve the plasticity of the material. However, in the prior art, the percent of pass of the convex hole is only 70 percent, and the edge of the convex hole is still broken; the process flow is complex, the convex holes need two times of convex holes, and heat treatment is needed in the middle, so that the labor efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is increased; in order to improve the plasticity of the material and improve the success rate of the convex holes, the melon petals need to be subjected to quenching heat treatment after the first convex holes, so that the deformation strengthening effect caused by melon petal forming is eliminated, and the mechanical properties of the melon petals are reduced after the convex holes are formed and then the aging heat treatment is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for forming a heating convex hole of a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box, which is an innovative method for heating a mould, controls the heating temperature, the heat preservation time and the process flow, not only finishes the melon petal convex hole, but also improves the qualification rate, simplifies the process flow and improves the mechanical property of a product.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for forming a heating convex hole of a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box, which comprises the following steps,
s1; blanking; cutting the blank by using an ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine;
s2; quenching heat treatment; feeding the blank into a furnace, heating to a specified temperature, preserving heat and quenching;
s3; molding the melon sections; forming the melon sections by using a hydraulic press and adopting an hydro-mechanical deep drawing process;
s4; removing allowance and opening a prefabricated hole; removing the allowance by using an ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine, and opening a prefabricated hole;
s5; heating; the convex hole die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die and the lower die are subjected to die assembly treatment, then the upper die and the lower die are preheated respectively, and the upper die and the lower die are preheated to a set temperature;
s6; carrying out convex hole operation; preheating the convex hole die to a set temperature in a die closing state, then opening the die of the upper die and the lower die, then straightening the melon petals with the prefabricated holes along the lower die, closing the die of the upper die and the lower die, continuing electrifying and heating the coil to the set temperature after closing the die, preserving heat for a period of time, and performing convex hole operation after preserving heat; making the male die go upwards; after the convex hole operation is finished, the male die withdraws from the melon petal; lifting the upper die and taking out the melon sections;
s7; taking out the melon segments, carrying out aging heat treatment by using an air circulation furnace, discharging and cooling after the aging heat treatment is finished, and forming convex holes of the melon segments.
Further, the model of the ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine in S1 is NC3045, the water pressure during cutting is 3800bar, and the material of the blank is an annealed 2219 aluminum alloy plate.
Further, the specified temperature of the air circulation furnace in the S2 is 535 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-33 minutes, and the quenching transfer time is 10 seconds.
Further, in the step S4, the front end of the margin is 50mm, the rear end is 65mm, and the left end and the right end are 30mm respectively; the diameter of the prefabricated hole is calculated by calculating the general formula D of the prefabricated hole, namely D-2H +0.86r +2.43t1, wherein D in the formula is defined as the inner diameter of the flanging hole, H is defined as the total height of the flanging hole, r is defined as the radius of a flanging fillet, and t1 is defined as the thickness of the plate.
Further, in step S5, heating the convex hole area of the melon petal by using an electromagnetic induction heating principle, winding coils on the surfaces of the upper die and the lower die of the convex hole die, wherein the coils are electrically connected to a temperature controller, and the number of turns of the winding coils of the upper die and the lower die is 10; the diameter of the coil is 210 mm; the heating temperature set by the temperature controller is 170 +/-5 ℃, and the energizing power of the coil is 40 kw.
Furthermore, two temperature measuring holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the lower die, the distance between the temperature measuring holes and the top of the lower die is 20mm, the distance between the two temperature measuring holes is 180 degrees, a thermocouple is respectively arranged in the two temperature measuring holes, a thermocouple signal is connected to a temperature controller, and the type of the thermocouple is KMQXL-026U-12.
Further, the upward speed of the male die of S6 is 0.5mm/S, and the upward stroke is 70 mm; the speed of the male die 5 withdrawing the melon petal 1 is 2 mm/s.
Further, the heat preservation temperature of the aging heat treatment of S7 is 175 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 18 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the forming method of the heating convex hole of the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box has the following advantages:
(1) according to the method for forming the heating convex hole of the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box, the qualified rate of the convex hole is improved by heating the convex hole, and the qualified rate can reach more than 90%.
(2) The method for forming the heating convex hole of the bottom melon petal of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box simplifies the process flow, completes the convex hole in a single pass, does not need a heat treatment intermediate process, improves the labor efficiency and reduces the production cost.
(3) Compared with the prior art, the method for forming the heating convex hole of the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box has the advantage that the final mechanical property of the melon petal material is greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a male hole die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preformed hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. melon petals; 2. prefabricating holes; 3. a convex hole die; 31. an upper die; 32. a lower die; 4. a coil; 5. and (4) a male die.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A method for forming a heating convex hole of a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box, which comprises the following steps,
s1; blanking, namely cutting a blank by using ultrahigh pressure water; the model of the water cutting machine is NC3045, the water pressure during cutting is 3800bar, the water cutting machine can be used for cutting the blank with larger processing thickness at the water pressure of 3800bar, thermal deformation cannot be generated, and the cutting precision is higher; the blank size was 2100mm by 2104 mm.
S2; quenching heat treatment, namely quenching heat treatment is carried out by using an air circulation furnace, the space in the air circulation furnace is large, larger workpieces can be processed, and the air circulation furnace is green and environment-friendly; the heat preservation temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-33 minutes, and under the effects of the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time, the 2219 aluminum alloy can be completely dissolved; a
Quenching process flow: putting a workpiece into a furnace, heating to a specified temperature, preserving heat and quenching: opening the furnace after the heat preservation time is up, enabling the workpiece to fall into the water tank along with the material frame, wherein the time from opening the furnace to falling into the water is the quenching transfer time, and the quenching transfer time is within 10s so as to ensure that the workpiece can be fully quenched;
s3; forming the melon segments 1, namely forming the melon segments 1 by adopting an hydro-mechanical deep drawing process by using a hydraulic press; the hydraulic press is a 1300T hydraulic press, and can quickly form the melon segments 1.
S4; removing allowance and opening the prefabricated hole 2, removing allowance by using an ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine, wherein the flange areas on the periphery are allowance after the melon segments are formed, the front section is 50mm, the rear end is 65mm, and the left end and the right end are respectively 30 mm.
And opening a preformed hole 2, wherein the general formula for calculating the preformed hole 2 is D-2H +0.86r +2.43t 1; d is used as the inner diameter of the flanging hole, H is used as the total height of the flanging hole, r is used as the radius of a flanging fillet, and t1 is used as the thickness of the plate; calculating the diameter d of the prefabricated hole 2 by using a formula;
s5; heating, adopt the electromagnetic induction heating principle to heat 1 bulge hole region of melon lamella, at 3 surface winding coils 4 of bulge hole mould, bulge hole mould 3 is including last mould 31 and lower mould 32, it all twines 10 circles to go up mould 31 and lower mould 32, 4 diameters of coil are 210mm, use coil 4 of this specification can be better to bulge hole mould 3 heat, the number of turns of winding can change between 10 circles-15 circles, the number of turns is more, it is more even that the heating distributes, the effect of accomplishing the heating is just also better.
The coil 4 is electrically connected to the temperature controller, the heating temperature of the temperature controller is set to be 170 +/-5 ℃, experimental tests show that the plasticity of the material is greatly improved at the temperature, then the upper die 31 and the lower die 32 are matched, the coil 4 is electrified with 40KW power after the matching is finished, so that the upper die 31 and the lower die 32 are preheated, the heating of the coil 4 is stopped when the coil 4 reaches the set temperature, the coil is electrified with 40KW power, and the heating speed is higher when the power is higher; the better the heating effect.
S6; the method comprises the steps of carrying out convex hole operation, wherein after a convex hole die 3 is heated to a set temperature in a closed state, the convex hole operation is started, an upper die 31 is lifted, a melon slice 1 with a prefabricated hole 2 is placed along a lower die 32, then the upper die 31 and the lower die 32 are closed, and the temperature of the convex hole die 3 is reduced due to heat loss caused by die opening, so that after the die is closed, a coil 4 is continuously electrified and heated to the set temperature of 170 +/-5 ℃ at the power of 40kw, and the temperature is kept for 60s, and then the convex hole operation is carried out; making the male die 5 go upwards to perform hole punching; after the convex hole operation is finished, the male die 5 is withdrawn from the melon petal 1; lifting the upper die 31 and taking out the melon segments 1; the heat preservation time of 60s is to stabilize the temperature of the workpiece, the heat preservation time can be 60s-180s, and the coil 4 is kept electrified and heated during the heat preservation period to achieve the heat preservation effect.
S7; taking out the melon segments 1, carrying out aging heat treatment by using an air circulating furnace, keeping the temperature at 175 +/-5 ℃ for 18 hours, then discharging and cooling, and forming convex holes of the melon segments 1; aiming at the 2219 aluminum alloy melon petal material, the heat preservation temperature and the heat preservation time are a universal aging heat treatment system, and the optimal effect of the mechanical property can be ensured.
The circumferential surface of the lower die 32 is provided with two temperature measuring holes which are 20mm away from the top of the lower die 32, the two temperature measuring holes are separated by 180 degrees on the circumferential surface of the lower die 32, the temperature measuring holes are closer to the workpiece and can keep consistent with the temperature of the workpiece when temperature measurement is carried out, and then more accurate temperature is measured; the 180 ° spacing is intended to allow the two temperature measuring holes to be spaced further apart, in which case the 180 ° spacing allows better measurement of the representative temperature of the lower die 32.
A thermocouple is respectively arranged in the two temperature measuring holes, the thermocouple is inserted to detect the real-time temperature of the convex hole die 3, and the temperature is displayed and adjusted by matching with a temperature controller; the thermocouple is KMQXL-026U-12.
The upward speed of the male die 5 is 0.5mm/s, the upward stroke is 70mm, the smaller the upward speed is, the smaller the probability of crack occurrence is, the melon petal can be better protected, and the higher completion degree is achieved; the upward speed can be changed according to the actual processing condition.
The speed of the male die 5 withdrawing the melon section 1 is 2 mm/s; the speed of the male die 5 withdrawing the melon segment 1 can be faster, and the processing efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for forming a heating convex hole of a melon petal at the bottom of a 2219 aluminum alloy storage box comprises the following steps;
s1; blanking; cutting the blank by using an ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine;
s2; quenching heat treatment; feeding the blank into a furnace, heating to a specified temperature, preserving heat and quenching;
s3; molding the melon sections; forming the melon sections by using a hydraulic press and adopting an hydro-mechanical deep drawing process;
s4; removing allowance and opening a prefabricated hole; removing the allowance by using an ultrahigh pressure water cutting machine, and opening a prefabricated hole;
s5; heating; the convex hole die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die and the lower die are subjected to die assembly treatment, then the upper die and the lower die are preheated respectively, and the upper die and the lower die are preheated to a set temperature;
s6; carrying out convex hole operation; preheating the convex hole die to a set temperature in a die closing state, then opening the die of the upper die and the lower die, then straightening the melon petals with the prefabricated holes along the lower die, closing the die of the upper die and the lower die, continuing electrifying and heating the coil to the set temperature after closing the die, preserving heat for a period of time, and performing convex hole operation after preserving heat; making the male die go upwards; after the convex hole operation is finished, the male die withdraws from the melon petal; lifting the upper die and taking out the melon sections;
s7; taking out the melon segments, carrying out aging heat treatment by using an air circulation furnace, discharging and cooling after the aging heat treatment is finished, and forming convex holes of the melon segments.
2. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the model of the ultrahigh-pressure water cutting machine in the S1 is NC3045, the water pressure during cutting is 3800bar, and the blank is made of an annealed 2219 aluminum alloy plate.
3. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s2, the specified temperature of the air circulation furnace is 535 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-33 minutes, and the quenching transfer time is 10 seconds.
4. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s4, the front end of the allowance is 50mm, the rear end is 65mm, and the left end and the right end are respectively 30 mm; the diameter of the prefabricated hole is calculated by calculating the general formula D of the prefabricated hole, namely D-2H +0.86r +2.43t1, wherein D in the formula is defined as the inner diameter of the flanging hole, H is defined as the total height of the flanging hole, r is defined as the radius of a flanging fillet, and t1 is defined as the thickness of the plate.
5. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, heating the convex hole area of the melon petal by adopting an electromagnetic induction heating principle, winding coils on the surfaces of an upper die and a lower die of a convex hole die, wherein the coils are electrically connected to a temperature controller, and the number of turns of the winding coils of the upper die and the lower die is 10; the diameter of the coil is 210 mm; the heating temperature set by the temperature controller is 170 +/-5 ℃, and the energizing power of the coil is 40 kw.
6. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the circumferential surface of the lower die is provided with two temperature measuring holes, the distance between the temperature measuring holes and the top of the lower die is 20mm, the distance between the two temperature measuring holes is 180 degrees, a thermocouple is respectively arranged in the two temperature measuring holes, the thermocouple is connected to a temperature controller through signals, and the model of the thermocouple is KMQXL-026U-12.
7. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s6, the upward speed of the male die is 0.5mm/S, and the upward stroke is 70 mm; the speed of the male die 5 withdrawing the melon petal 1 is 2 mm/s.
8. The method for forming the heating convex hole in the melon petal at the bottom of the 2219 aluminum alloy storage box as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s7 the heat preservation temperature for aging heat treatment is 175 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 18 hours.
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| CN202011044414.6A CN112247484A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Heating convex hole forming method for melon petal at bottom of 2219 aluminum alloy storage box |
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| CN202011044414.6A CN112247484A (en) | 2020-09-28 | 2020-09-28 | Heating convex hole forming method for melon petal at bottom of 2219 aluminum alloy storage box |
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| CN114770132A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy melon petal side hole electromagnetic flanging device and method |
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