CN107159830A - Forging method - Google Patents
Forging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107159830A CN107159830A CN201710594342.4A CN201710594342A CN107159830A CN 107159830 A CN107159830 A CN 107159830A CN 201710594342 A CN201710594342 A CN 201710594342A CN 107159830 A CN107159830 A CN 107159830A
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- Prior art keywords
- forging
- plate
- blank
- quenching
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of forging method, is related to Alloy Processing field, forging method comprises the following steps：Forge step：Blank forging is molded, at least four times jumping-ups are included during forging molding and are pulled out at least one times；Quenching Step：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；Two-stage time effect step：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate.The process of forging molding is used for blank forging into forging plate, and includes at least four times jumping-ups during forging molding and pull out at least one times, can prevent forging plate cracking, make the forging of forging plate saturating, the structure property of forging plate is improved, then forging plate is quenched, the case hardness of forging plate is effectively improved, cold deformation is carried out to forging plate again, reduction forging Stress of plate interior, finally carries out two-stage time effect processing, stabilizing tissue to forging plate, improve the mechanical performance of forging plate, and then improve the case hardness of forging plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Alloy Processing field, more particularly, to a kind of forging method.
Background technology
In mould, industrial production to be molded, be blow molded, extrude, die casting, forging forming, the method such as smelting or punching press obtain
The various moulds and instrument of required product.In brief, mould is the instrument for making formed article, and this instrument is by various
Part is constituted, and different moulds are made up of different parts.It is mainly realized by the change of institute's moulding material physical state
The processing of article profile.Have the title of " mother of industry ".
Mould, which under external force turns into blank, given shape and the product of size, is widely used in punching, die forging, modeling
In the forming of compression moulding or the injection of product such as material, rubber and ceramics.Mould generally comprises two parts of dynamic model and cover half, two
Person is partable.Product is taken out when separating, blank is injected mold cavity shaping when closing up.Mould is precision instrument, its shape
Shape is complicated, and needs to bear the expansive force of blank, therefore mould has higher requirement to its case hardness.
In recent years, because the growths of light industry such as plastics, electronics have driven a large amount of of mould to use.Traditional moulds are generally steel
Mould, but because the weight of steel mold is big, easily get rusty, processing difficulties and price is high, mould of the prior art begins to use
Aluminium alloy forging plate makes mould, so as to substitute steel mold.But, although the intensity of aluminum alloy materials is high, but plasticity is poor, and aluminium is closed
Bodkin plate easily ftractures in forging process, and difficult, structure property is difficult to ensure thoroughly for forging, causes the surface of aluminium alloy forging plate hard
Degree is relatively low, causes the performance of aluminum alloy mould not good.
The content of the invention
It is hard with the surface for solving aluminium alloy forging plate of the prior art it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of forging method
The relatively low technical problem of degree.
The forging method that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
Forge step：Blank forging is molded, at least four times jumping-ups and at least one are included during forging molding
Secondary pulling；
Quenching Step：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；
Two-stage time effect step：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate.
Further, in the forging step, the upset ratio of jumping-up is not less than 2 each time.
Further, in the quenching Step, the heating-up temperature of quenching is 472 ± 3 DEG C, and soaking time is 1min/mm, is quenched
The cooling medium of fire is water, and the temperature of cooling water is 20 ± 5 DEG C, soak time >=0.13min/mm of the forging plate in cooling water.
Further, in the two-stage time effect step, the first stage is incubated 5 hours, second-order at a temperature of 65 ± 5 DEG C
Section is incubated 24 hours at a temperature of 121 ± 5 DEG C.
Further, heating blank step is also included before forging step：
Heat blank step：Blank is heated, the soaking time of blank heating is 1.3min/mm.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of between forging step and quenching Step：
Cooling after forged step：The forging plate of forging molding is cooled down, cooling medium is water, leaching of the forging plate in cooling water
The bubble time >=0.13min/mm.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of between cooling after forged step and quenching Step：
Ultrasonic examination step：Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging plate after cooling after forged, for confirming that forging plate whether there is
The crackle extended internally or folding.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of between ultrasonic examination step and quenching Step：
Machining steps：Forging trigger is machined to quench size；
Surface cleaning step：Surface clean is carried out to forging plate, cutting fluid and chip for removing forging plate surface.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of between quenching Step and two-stage time effect step：
Cold deformation step：Cold deformation is carried out to the upper and lower surface for forging plate, cold deformation is 1.5%-2.5%.
Further, it is further comprising the steps of after two-stage time effect step：
Hardness determination step：Hardness determination is carried out to forging plate.
The forging method that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：Forge step：Blank forging is molded, in forging molding
During include at least four times jumping-ups and pulling out at least one times；Quenching Step：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；It is double
Level ageing stage：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate.The process of forging molding is used for blank forging into forging plate, and in forging
Cause to include at least four times jumping-ups during type and pull out at least one times, forging plate cracking can be prevented, make the forging of forging plate saturating, carry
The structure property of height forging plate, is then quenched to forging plate, effectively improves the case hardness of forging plate, then carry out cold become to forging plate
Shape, reduction forging Stress of plate interior finally carries out two-stage time effect processing to forging plate, and stabilizing tissue improves the mechanical performance of forging plate, and then
Improve the case hardness of forging plate.
Brief description of the drawings
, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art
The accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below
Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid
Put, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The flow chart one of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention during Fig. 1；
Fig. 2 is the flowchart 2 of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart 3 of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart four of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outer " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to
Be easy to the description present invention and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply signified device or element must have specific orientation,
With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", only
For descriptive purposes, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.Wherein, term " first position " and " second place "
For two different positions.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at this
Concrete meaning in invention.
The invention provides a kind of forging method, embodiment is given below the forging method that the present invention is provided is carried out in detail
Description.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart one of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 2 is forging provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The flowchart 2 of method；Fig. 3 is the flow chart 3 of forging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention is carried
The flow chart four of the forging method of confession.
Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the forging method that the present embodiment is provided comprises the following steps：
Step S1 heats blank step：Blank is heated, the soaking time of blank heating is 1.3min/mm.
Specifically, it is necessary to be heated to aluminum alloy blank, aluminium alloy before forging molding is carried out to aluminum alloy blank
The soaking time of blank heating determines that is, the soaking time of every millimeter of effective thickness of aluminum alloy blank is divided according to 1.3min/mm
1.3 minutes are not needed, and the effective thickness of such as aluminum alloy blank is 10mm, then the soaking time of aluminum alloy blank heating is 13
Minute.
After being heated to aluminum alloy blank, step S2 is carried out.
Step S2 forges step：Blank forging is molded, during forging molding include at least four times jumping-ups and
Pull out at least one times；The upset ratio of jumping-up is not less than 2 each time.
Wherein, forging molding is used to aluminum alloy blank being forged into aluminium alloy forging plate, during forging molding, including
At least four times jumping-ups and pull out at least one times, also, the upset ratio of jumping-up is not less than 2 each time.Jumping-up refers to use pressure
Blank is enabled aluminum alloy to highly to reduce and the process of diameter (or lateral dimension) increase.During jumping-up, aluminum alloy blank
End face wants smooth and vertical with axis, and forging firmly just will prevent that forging is askew, and upset force is appropriate, prevents from forming eel-like figure shape
Or interlayer.Pulling is to reduce cross-sectional area, the forging process that length increases.Aluminum alloy blank by least four times jumping-ups with
And forging plate is formed after pulling out at least one times, forging plate cracking can be prevented, makes the forging of forging plate saturating, the structure property of forging plate, enhancing is improved
Forge the case hardness of plate.
After aluminum alloy blank forging molding, step S3 is carried out.
Step S3 cooling after forged steps：The forging plate of forging molding is cooled down, cooling medium is water, forging plate is in cooling water
In soak time >=0.13min/mm.
Specifically, in the present embodiment cooling medium be room temperature water, wherein, aluminum alloy blank complete forging molding after, it is necessary to
Water cooling after being forged to aluminium alloy forging plate, aluminium alloy forging plate is immersed in the cooling water of room temperature, soak time >=0.13min/
The effective thickness of mm, such as aluminium alloy forging plate is 10mm, and aluminium alloy forging plate needs to soak in cooling water at least 1.3 minutes, with
Complete cooling after forged.
After the completion of cooling after forged, step S4 is carried out.
Step S4 ultrasonic examination steps：Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging plate after cooling after forged, for confirming that forging plate is
It is no to there is the crackle extended internally or folding.
Wherein, ultrasonic examination is to penetrate the depths of metal material using ultrasound, and enters another section by a section
When, a kind of method of part defect is checked the characteristics of interface edge reflects, when ultrasonic beam from piece surface by visiting
Head passes to metal inside, just occurs back wave when running into defect with part bottom surface respectively, impulse waveform is formed on fluorescent screen,
Judge defective locations and size according to these impulse waveforms.
Aluminium alloy forging plate is carried out on ultrasonic wave stand, is able to confirm that forging plate whether there is the crackle extended internally or folding,
So as to ensure that aluminium alloy forges the quality of plate, prevent aluminium alloy from forging plate and defect occur.
After the completion of ultrasonic examination, step S5 is carried out.
Step S5 machining steps：Forging trigger is machined to quench size；
It is machined to by forging trigger after the completion of quenching size, carries out step S6.
Step S6 surface cleaning steps：Surface clean is carried out to forging plate, cutting fluid and chip for removing forging plate surface.
After surface clean is carried out to forging plate, step S7 is carried out.
Step S7 quenching Steps：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；The heating-up temperature of quenching is 472 ± 3 DEG C, insulation
Time is 1min/mm, and the cooling medium of quenching is water, and the temperature of cooling water is 20 ± 5 DEG C, when forging immersion of the plate in cooling water
Between >=0.13min/mm.
Wherein, the heating-up temperature of quenching is 472 ± 3 DEG C, such as 469 DEG C, 470 DEG C, 471 DEG C, 472 DEG C, 473 DEG C, 474 DEG C
Or 475 DEG C of grades arbitrarily suitable temperature, soaking time is 1min/mm, and the effective thickness for for example forging plate is 10mm, and soaking time is
10 minutes.Forging plate is heated to appropriate temperature and kept after a period of time, is carried out quickly with being soaked into cooling water
Cooling, the temperature of cooling water is 20 ± 5 DEG C, such as 15 DEG C, 16 DEG C, 17 DEG C, 18 DEG C, 19 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 21 DEG C, 22 DEG C, 23 DEG C,
24 DEG C or 25 DEG C, soak time >=0.13min/mm of the forging plate in cooling water, the effective thickness for for example forging plate is 10mm, forges plate
Soak time in cooling water is at least 1.3 minutes.
Wherein, quenching can improve the aluminium alloy forging case hardness of plate, intensity, wearability, toughness and fatigue strength, have
Enhancing aluminium alloy in effect ground forges the comprehensive mechanical performance of plate, and the corrosion resistance that aluminium alloy forges plate can also be improved to a certain extent.
Forge plate to complete after quenching, carry out step S8.
Step S8 cold deformation steps：Cold deformation is carried out to the upper and lower surface for forging plate, cold deformation is 1.5%-
2.5%.
The upper and lower surface of aluminium alloy forging plate is carried out after cold deformation, carries out step S9.
Step S9 two-stage time effect steps：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate, the first stage protects at a temperature of 65 ± 5 DEG C
Temperature 5 hours, second stage is incubated 24 hours at a temperature of 121 ± 5 DEG C.Aluminium alloy is forged plate and handled by two-stage time effect, can
Stable aluminium alloy forges the interior tissue of plate, improves the comprehensive mechanical performance that aluminium alloy forges plate.
It is further comprising the steps of after two-stage time effect processing：
Step S10 hardness determination steps：Hardness determination is carried out to forging plate, so as to judge whether forging plate hardness is qualified；
Step S11 machining steps：Forging trigger is machined to finished size；
Step S12 flaw detection steps：Flaw detection, according to 6519B grades of standards of GB T, detects a flaw to forging plate, so as to judge to forge plate
With the presence or absence of defect；
Step S13 checks and accepts step：Check and accept, check and check finished appearance；
Step S14 packaging steps：Packaging, uses wood pallets packaging forging plate.
The forging method that the present embodiment is provided, including at least four times jumping-ups and at least one times during forging molding
Pulling, can prevent forging plate cracking, make the forging of forging plate saturating, improve the structure property of forging plate, then forging plate be quenched, effectively
The case hardness of forging plate is improved, then cold deformation is carried out to forging plate, reduction forging Stress of plate interior is finally carried out at two-stage time effect to forging plate
Reason, stabilizing tissue improves the mechanical performance of forging plate, and then improve the case hardness of forging plate.
It should be noted that the forging method that the present embodiment is provided is applied to aluminum alloy materials, the forging that the present invention is provided
Method can also be applied to other arbitrarily in suitable material.
The forging method that the present embodiment is provided, due to comprising the following steps：Forge step：Blank forging is molded, in forging
Cause to include at least four times jumping-ups during type and pull out at least one times；The upset ratio of jumping-up is not less than 2 each time.Quench
Fiery step：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；The heating-up temperature of quenching is 472 ± 3 DEG C, and soaking time is 1min/mm, is quenched
The cooling medium of fire is water, and the temperature of cooling water is 20 ± 5 DEG C, soak time >=0.13min/mm of the forging plate in cooling water.
Two-stage time effect step：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate, the first stage is incubated 5 hours, second-order at a temperature of 65 ± 5 DEG C
Section is incubated 24 hours at a temperature of 121 ± 5 DEG C.Aluminium alloy is forged plate and handled by two-stage time effect, being capable of stabilizing tissue, improvement aluminium
Alloy forges the comprehensive mechanical performance of plate.The process of forging molding is used for blank forging into forging plate, and in the mistake of forging molding
Journey includes at least four times jumping-ups and pulled out at least one times, can prevent forging plate cracking, make the forging of forging plate saturating, improve the group of forging plate
Performance is knitted, then forging plate is quenched, the case hardness of forging plate is effectively improved, then two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate,
So as to stabilizing tissue, improve the mechanical performance of forging plate, and then improve the case hardness of forging plate.
Specification is 1200 × 800 × 370mm 7075 aluminium alloys forging plate, is manufactured as stated above, forging plate surface hardness is equal
More than 150HB.
Specification is 2500 × 1500 × 220mm 7075 aluminium alloys forging plate, is manufactured as stated above, forging plate surface hardness is equal
More than 150HB.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of forging method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Forge step：Blank forging is molded, at least four times jumping-ups are included during forging molding and are pulled out at least one times
It is long；
Quenching Step：The forging plate of forging molding is quenched；
Two-stage time effect step：Two-stage time effect processing is carried out to forging plate.
2. forging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the forging step, the jumping-up of jumping-up each time
Than being not less than 2.
3. forging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the quenching Step, the heating-up temperature of quenching is
472 ± 3 DEG C, soaking time is 1min/mm, and the cooling medium of quenching is water, and the temperature of cooling water is 20 ± 5 DEG C, and forging plate is cold
But soak time >=0.13min/mm in water.
4. forging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the two-stage time effect step, the first stage is 65
5 hours are incubated at a temperature of ± 5 DEG C, second stage is incubated 24 hours at a temperature of 121 ± 5 DEG C.
5. the forging method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that also include before forging step
Heat blank step：
Heat blank step：Blank is heated, the soaking time of blank heating is 1.3min/mm.
6. forging method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that also include between forging step and quenching Step with
Lower step：
Cooling after forged step：The forging plate of forging molding is cooled down, cooling medium is water, when forging immersion of the plate in cooling water
Between >=0.13min/mm.
7. forging method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also wrapped between cooling after forged step and quenching Step
Include following steps：
Ultrasonic examination step：Ultrasonic examination is carried out to the forging plate after cooling after forged, for confirming forging plate with the presence or absence of inside
The crackle of extension or folding.
8. forging method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that between ultrasonic examination step and quenching Step also
Comprise the following steps：
Machining steps：Forging trigger is machined to quench size；
Surface cleaning step：Surface clean is carried out to forging plate, cutting fluid and chip for removing forging plate surface.
9. forging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include between quenching Step and two-stage time effect step
Following steps：
Cold deformation step：Cold deformation is carried out to the upper and lower surface for forging plate, cold deformation is 1.5%-2.5%.
10. forging method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of after two-stage time effect step：
Hardness determination step：Hardness determination is carried out to forging plate.
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| CN201710594342.4A CN107159830A (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Forging method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710594342.4A CN107159830A (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2017-07-20 | Forging method |
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| CN107159830A true CN107159830A (en) | 2017-09-15 |
Family
ID=59817945
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| CN108080548A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-29 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of 2024 aluminium alloy open die forgings |
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| CN111001742A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-14 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method for improving performance of 7050-T7452 free forge piece |
| CN111364522A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 焦利国 | Forged well lid and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112676504A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-20 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Free forging processing method of aviation aluminum alloy arc forging plate |
| CN112872256A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-01 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Production process of 7039 alloy super-wide plate forging |
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| CN108127344A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-06-08 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of 6082 aluminium alloy open die forgings |
| CN111001742A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-14 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method for improving performance of 7050-T7452 free forge piece |
| CN111364522A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 焦利国 | Forged well lid and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112676504A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-20 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Free forging processing method of aviation aluminum alloy arc forging plate |
| CN112676504B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-15 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Free forging processing method of aviation aluminum alloy arc forging plate |
| CN112872256A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-06-01 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Production process of 7039 alloy super-wide plate forging |
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