TWI679070B - Forging and drawing method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings - Google Patents

Abstract

An aluminum alloy pipe fitting forging drawing method is to first prepare a raw material made of aluminum alloy material and a forging drawing device, and then process the raw material to form a blank material, so that the blank material has a certain dimensional accuracy and Surface roughness, followed by sequential homogenizing annealing, testing Rockwell hardness, dipping lubricating fluid, etc., and then forging and drawing to obtain a hollow tube-shaped finished product, an extended length of the finished product is greater than one The original length. The finished product obtained by the above process has the characteristics of precise size and good homogeneity, and can prolong the service life of the forging and drawing equipment.

Description

Forging and drawing method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings

The invention relates to a cold-working forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings, in particular to a method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings.

Taiwan Publication No. 564857 discloses a fitting structure of a bicycle vertical tube and a front fork. A handle is inserted through one end of the vertical tube, and the end of the vertical tube is inserted into a front fork tube.

This riser is generally made by hot forging according to the shape requirements and the structural strength.

Hot forging, as its name implies, a material must be heated through a heating furnace to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature, which does not reach the temperature range of the abnormal point, and then is a process technology for shaping. In addition to such process technology, in addition to hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment that can withstand high temperatures, hot forging processing molds consume large amounts of energy, and hot forging operations consume large amounts of energy, which will generally lead to high costs.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forging and drawing an aluminum alloy pipe fitting which can be formed by cold work and can reduce costs.

Therefore, the method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to the present invention includes the following steps: (A) preparing a raw material having a hollow column shape, and a forging and drawing device made of an aluminum alloy material, the forging and drawing device includes A forging die, and a forging tap corresponding to the forging die. (B) the raw material is processed to form a blank, the blank extends along an axis and has a first end face intersecting the axis, a second end face opposite the first end face along the axis, and a An outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface. An original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface. The outer peripheral surface forms an original outer diameter. The first end surface, the second end surface, The roughness of the end surface and the outer peripheral surface is controlled to Ra 0.4 μm or less, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is ± 0.01 mm or less. (C) The blank material is annealed homogeneously: the blank material is first heated to 510 ° C to 410 ° C, and then cooled with the furnace, the temperature in the furnace is reduced by 10 ° C every hour, and the furnace is released when cooled to 200 ° C to 160 ° C. (D) The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the green wood is measured at 60 ± 5 degrees. (E) The blank material is immersed in a lubricating liquid tank, and the total free acidity of the lubricating liquid contained in the lubricating liquid tank is a concentration of 40% to 50% by weight, the working temperature is 80 ° C to 100 ° C, and the immersion time is predetermined . (F) Forging and drawing operation: Place the green material impregnated with the lubricating liquid in the forging and drawing die of the forging and drawing device, and operate the forging and drawing head to approach the forging and drawing die, and the greening material is subject to the forging and drawing. A forged product is formed by forging with the forging die. The product is hollow and tubular along the axis, and has a first side that intersects the axis, and a second side that is opposite to the first side along the axis. An outer ring surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an outer ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and surrounding An inner circumferential surface of the inner hole can be formed around the axis, and an extended length greater than the original length is formed between the first side surface and the second side surface.

The effect of the present invention is that the present invention can use continuous steps to obtain the finished product by cold forging operation, which can save energy, reduce die loss, and reduce overall manufacturing costs.

1‧‧‧ raw materials

2‧‧‧ Forging equipment

10‧‧‧ Forging Drawing Die

11‧‧‧Top

12‧‧‧ the first cavity

20‧‧‧ forged tap

d‧‧‧original inner diameter

100‧‧‧ Finished product

110‧‧‧ the first side

120‧‧‧ second side

130‧‧‧ outer torus

140‧‧‧Inner hole

3‧‧‧Advanced molding equipment

30‧‧‧Forming mold

31‧‧‧Second mold cavity

40‧‧‧forming head

1’‧‧‧ embryo

L‧‧‧ axis

101‧‧‧first end face

102‧‧‧Second end face

103‧‧‧outer surface

104‧‧‧center hole

105‧‧‧Inner peripheral surface

l ‧‧‧ original length

D‧‧‧ original outer diameter

150‧‧‧ inner torus

l '‧‧‧ extended length

100’‧‧‧ modeling finished product

4‧‧‧ cylindrical

4’‧‧‧ embryo

401’‧‧‧U-shaped hole

5‧‧‧ Hollow Column

5’‧‧‧ embryo

501’‧‧‧ class hole

6‧‧‧ cylindrical

601’‧‧‧ shallow U-shaped hole

601 ”‧‧‧Deep U-shaped hole

6 ”‧‧‧ embryo

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing process of an embodiment of the method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is the A schematic plan view of a raw material and forging and drawing equipment of the embodiment; FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a forging and drawing system of this embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an advanced forming equipment of this embodiment; and FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the embodiment A way of making raw materials.

An embodiment of the method for forging and drawing an aluminum alloy pipe fitting according to the present invention includes the following steps:

Step 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 to prepare a hollow columnar raw material 1, a forging equipment 2 and an advanced forming equipment 3 (see Figure 4). The raw material 1 is made of aluminum alloy (AL6066 Aluminum magnesium silicon aluminum alloy or AL7050 aluminum zinc magnesium aluminum Alloy), the forging drafting device 2 includes a forging drafting die 10 and a forging tapping 20 corresponding to the forging drafting die 10. The forging die 10 has a top surface 11 and a first die cavity 12 extending downwardly from the top surface 11. The first die cavity 12 of this embodiment has a stepped hole shape with a wide width and a narrow bottom. 20 also has a columnar shape with upper width and lower width, and the forged tap 20 is made into a circular arc angle at the class portion and the corner. Referring to FIG. 4, the advanced molding equipment 3 includes a molding die 30 and a molding head 40 corresponding to the molding die 30. The molding die 30 has a second mold cavity 31, a step portion and a corner of the molding head 40. Rounded lead angles are made everywhere.

Step 2: Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the raw material 1 is processed to form a hollow cylindrical green wood 1 ′. The green wood 1 ′ extends along an axis L and has a first cross-section perpendicular to the axis L. An end surface 101, a second end surface 102 opposite to the first end surface 101 along the axis L, an outer peripheral surface 103 connected between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, and an opposite outer surface 103 and an inner peripheral surface 105 of a central hole 104 may be formed around the axis L, an original length l is formed between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, and the outer peripheral surface 103 constitutes an original outer diameter D, the The inner peripheral surface 105 constitutes an original inner diameter d. The roughness of the first end surface 101, the second end surface 102, the inner peripheral surface 105, and the outer peripheral surface 103 is controlled to Ra0.4 μm or less. The original inner diameter d, the The dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter D and the original length l is less than ± 0.01 mm.

Step 3: The blank 1 'is homogenously annealed: the blank 1' is first heated to 510 ° C to 410 ° C, and then cooled with the furnace, and the temperature in the furnace is decreased by 10 ° C per hour, and cooled to 200 ° C to 160 ° C Come out.

Step 4: Detect the green material 1 'after homogeneous annealing. The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the green material 1' must reach 60 ± 5 degrees. When detecting the green material 1 ', multi-point detection is performed on the outer peripheral surface 103 of the green material 1' at equal intervals along the axis L, and multi-point detection is performed on the inner peripheral surface 105 at equal intervals along the axis L.

Step 5: The blank 1 'is immersed in a lubricating liquid tank (not shown), and the free total acidity (TA) of the lubricating liquid contained in the lubricating liquid tank is 40% by weight. ~ 50%, working temperature 80 ℃ ~ 100 ℃, dipping for a predetermined time, the lubricating liquid is boron nitride.

Step 6: With reference to FIG. 3, forge drawing operation: Place the blank material 1 'impregnated with the lubricating liquid in the cavity 12 opening of the forging drawing die 10 of the forging drawing device 2 and operate the forging tap 20 opposite As the forging die 10 approaches, the blank 1 'is subjected to the forging action of the forging tap 20 and the forging die 10 to form a finished product 100, which is hollow and tubular along the axis L and has a A first side 110 perpendicularly intersecting the axis L, a second side 120 opposite to the first side 110 along the axis L, and an outer ring surface connected between the first side 110 and the second side 120 130, and a surface opposite to the outer ring 130 about the axis L and the inner hole may be formed in a face 150 of the inner ring 140, 110 formed in a side surface of the first original is larger than the length l between the second side surface 120 with With an extended length l ′, the contour shape of the inner hole 140 parallel to the axis L corresponds to the contour shape of the forging tap 20.

Step 7: As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the advanced forming operation: place the finished product 100 in the second cavity 31 of the forging die 10 of the advanced forming equipment 3, and operate the forming head 40 relative to The molding die 30 approaches, and the finished product 100 is shaped into a molding finished product 100 ′ by the molding action of the molding head 40 and the molding die 30.

Therefore, in the present invention, the continuous steps of steps 1 to 7 described above can be used to forge and draw the raw material 1 to form the molded product 100 ', and the molded product 100' can avoid defects caused by metal heating, and obtain higher accuracy and surface quality. , And can improve the strength and hardness of the workpiece, cold forging deformation resistance. That is, by using the second step to process the raw material 1 to form the green material 1 ′, the roughness of each surface of the green material 1 ′ is controlled to Ra0.4 μm or less, the original inner diameter d, and the original outer diameter D. And the dimensional tolerance of the original length l is less than ± 0.01mm, so that the finished product 100 after forging does not need to be precision-machined on the surface. The forging and drawing equipment 2 and advanced forming equipment 3 are also less likely to be worn out and reused. The homogeneous annealing in step 3 can improve the plasticity of the green material 1 'to use the subsequent forging operation, and reduce the residual stress of the finished product 100 after forging and improve the uniformity of the structure and composition.

Therefore, the method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings of the present invention does not require the setting of high-temperature hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment, and the pre-processing of step 2 can not only improve the precision of the finished product 100, but also reduce the wear of the mold. Extending the service life of the forging and drawing equipment 2 and the advanced forming equipment 3 can reduce the overall energy consumption and the manufacturing cost.

It is worth mentioning that when the finished product 100 has achieved the intended use purpose, the advanced molding operation of step 7 can be omitted, that is, the advanced molding operation of step 7 is to respond to the modeling product 100 'with modeling requirements. Need to be done.

In addition, the immersion time of the embryo material 1 'in the step 5 in the lubricating fluid tank varies according to the quantity of the embryo material 1'. When the quantity of the embryo material 1 'is a single branch, the immersion time is 4 to 5 minutes. When the number of embryos 1 'is plural, the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.

Furthermore, the hollow columnar raw material 1 prepared in step 1 of the present invention can be produced in the following three ways: A, B, and C (see Figure 5):

A. Take a cylindrical material 4 and turn the cylindrical material 4 so that the size and surface roughness of the cylindrical material 4 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then perform a pre-forging drawing with a pre-forging drawing device (not shown). Work, and prepare a embryo 4 'with a U-shaped hole 401' which is open in one direction, cut the embryo 4 ', and cut off the blind end of the U-shaped hole 401' to produce a embryo Hollow columnar raw material 1.

B. Take a hollow column material 5 and turn the hollow column material 5 so that the size and surface roughness of the hollow column material 5 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then perform a pre-forging pumping device (not shown) Pre-forging pumping operation, and preparing an embryo 5 'having a class of holes 501', cutting the embryo 5 ', and partially removing a small diameter section and a large diameter section of the class hole 501', The raw material 1 having a hollow column shape can be obtained.

C. Take a cylindrical material 6 and perform the first rough turning process on the cylindrical material 6, and then perform a first preliminary forging operation with a first preliminary forging equipment (not shown). A rough embryo 6 'having a shallow U-shaped hole 601' which is open in one direction is prepared. The rough embryo 6 'is subjected to a second fine turning process so that the size and surface roughness of the embryo 6' reach a predetermined value. Accuracy (calibration of dimensions), a second pre-forging pumping operation is performed with a second pre-forging pumping equipment (not shown), and a embryo 6 "with a deep U-shaped hole 601" opening in one direction is produced Finally, the embryo 6 "is cut, and the blind end of the deep U-shaped hole 601" is cut away to obtain a hollow columnar raw material 1.

In summary, the method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to the present invention has a simple overall process and easy equipment, can effectively reduce costs, save energy and improve the quality of finished products, and indeed can achieve the purpose of cost invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited in this way, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application and the content of the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (9)

A method for forging and drawing an aluminum alloy pipe includes the following steps: (A) preparing a hollow columnar raw material and a forging and drawing device made of an aluminum alloy material, the forging and drawing device including a forging and drawing die, And a forging tap corresponding to the forging die; (B) the raw material is processed to form a blank, the blank extends along an axis, and has a first end surface intersecting the axis, and an opposite direction along the axis A second end surface of the first end surface and an outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, an original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, and the outer peripheral surface forms a The original outer diameter, the roughness of the first end surface, the second end surface, and the outer peripheral surface are controlled below Ra0.4 μm, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is less than ± 0.01 mm; (C) the blank material Perform homogeneous annealing: first heat the embryo to 510 ° C ~ 410 ° C, then cool it with the furnace, reduce the temperature in the furnace by 10 ° C per hour, and release it when it cools to 200 ° C ~ 160 ° C; (D) test the The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF is 60 ± 5 degrees; (E) Immerse the blank material in a lubricating liquid tank, the total free acidity of the lubricating liquid contained in the lubricating liquid tank is a concentration of 40% to 50% by weight, the working temperature is 80 ° C to 100 ° C, and the immersion is performed for a predetermined time; and ( F) Forging and drawing operation: Place the green material impregnated with the lubricating liquid in the forging and drawing die of the forging and drawing device, and operate the forging and drawing head to approach the forging and drawing die. The forging effect of the forging and drawing die forms a finished product, which is hollow and tubular along the axis, and has a first side that intersects the axis, a second side that is opposite to the first side along the axis, An outer ring surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an inner ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and forming an inner hole around the axis, the first side surface and the second side surface An extended length greater than the original length is formed between the sides. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein when the step (D) detects the blank material, multiple points of the outer peripheral surface of the blank material are detected at equal intervals along the axis. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the blank of step (B) has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the blank also has a center opposite to the outer peripheral surface and forming a center around the axis. The inner peripheral surface of the hole. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 3, wherein when the step (D) detects the blank, the outer peripheral surface of the blank is measured at multiple points along the axis at equal intervals, and along the The inner peripheral surface is subjected to multi-point detection at equal intervals on the axis. The forging and drawing method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein step (A) further prepares an advanced forming equipment, the advanced forming equipment includes a forming die, and a forming head corresponding to the forming die The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings further includes a step (G) after the step (F). This step (G) is an advanced forming operation, and the forming head is moved closer to the forming die, and the finished product Formed by the forming action of the forming head and the forming mold to form a finished product. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating liquid used in step (E) is boron nitride. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in step (A) is an aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy of AL6066. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in step (A) is an aluminum-zinc-magnesium aluminum alloy of AL7050. The method for forging and drawing of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the time for immersing the embryo in step (E) in the lubricating liquid tank varies according to the quantity of the embryo, and when the quantity of the embryo is single branch, the immersion time is 4 to 5 _minutes, when the number of embryo material is a complex, the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.