CN103433416B - AZ80A magnesium alloy engine case isothermal forging forming mould and method - Google Patents
AZ80A magnesium alloy engine case isothermal forging forming mould and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103433416B CN103433416B CN201310435511.1A CN201310435511A CN103433416B CN 103433416 B CN103433416 B CN 103433416B CN 201310435511 A CN201310435511 A CN 201310435511A CN 103433416 B CN103433416 B CN 103433416B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy forged piece forming mould and method, in particular relates to an AZ80A magnesium alloy engine case isothermal forging forming mould and method, which aim at solving the problems of difficulty in forming, non-uniform structure property of magnesium alloy and low performance existing in conventional forging preparation of an AZ80A magnesium alloy forged piece. The forming mould comprises an upper mould, a lower mould, an ejection rod and multiple electric heating rings, wherein the upper end of a first cylinder is connected with a body, the lower end of the first cylinder is connected with the large-diameter end of a first circular truncated cone, coaxial first conical grooves are formed in the middles of the first circular truncated cone and the first cylinder, the diameters of the cross sections of the first conical grooves are gradually increased from top to bottom, four corners of the upper end surface of the lower mould are respectively provided with a positioning convex platform, the upper mould covers the lower mould, the four positioning convex platforms are arranged in corresponding positioning grooves, the upper mould and the lower mould are respectively provided with the electric heating rings, a second cylinder of the ejection rod is inserted into an ejection hole, and small circular truncated cones are arranged in the first conical grooves. The forming mould and method are used for preparing an AZ80A magnesium alloy engine case.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium alloy forging forming mould and manufacturing process, be specifically related to a kind of large-scale AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process shaping dies and manufacturing process.
Background technology
In recent years, manufacture a product constantly to lightweight, low cost and precise treatment development.Various manufacture difficulty is large and complex class component application is more and more wider.Metal material the lightest in manufacturing as reality, magnesium alloy has been widely used in the fields such as aircraft industry, electronics industry, war industry.Magnesium alloy has that specific strength is high, light specific gravity, specific stiffness high advantage.Magnesium alloy thermal conductivity factor far exceeds titanium alloy, suitable with aluminium alloy, narrow forging temperature, when blank and contacting dies, cooling is very fast, and the plasticity of blank reduces, and needs larger deformation force to be shaped, filling performance declines, in routine forging, mold temperature is significantly less than slab temperature, causes uneven cooling phenomenon, it is uneven that this also makes forging be out of shape, resistance of deformation increases, and metal flow difficulty, forging surplus is large.
AZ80A magnesium alloy forging ' s block dimension is large, high to performance requirement, requires that tensile strength reaches more than 325MPa, and conventional forging and molding difficulty, cannot realize AZ80A magnesium alloy forging forming needs.
Summary of the invention
For solving conventional forging preparation AZ80A magnesium alloy forging, there is the problem that structure property is uneven and performance is on the low side of forming difficulty, magnesium alloy, and then a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process shaping dies and manufacturing process be provided in the present invention.
The present invention is the technical scheme taked that solves the problem:
A kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process shaping dies of the present invention comprises patrix, counterdie, knock-pin and multiple Electrothermal ring, described patrix is made up of all-in-one-piece body processed and fin, described body is square body, the middle part of the lower surface of body is provided with fin, described fin is by coaxially to arrange and all-in-one-piece processed first cylinder and the first round platform are formed, the upper end of the first cylinder is connected with body, the lower end of the first cylinder is connected with the larger diameter end of the first round platform, the middle part of the first round platform and the first cylinder is processed with the first coaxial conical socket, the diameter of section of the first conical socket from top to bottom increases gradually, four corners on the lower surface of body are processed with locating slot respectively,
Described counterdie is square body, the middle part of the upper surface of counterdie is processed with the die cavity matched with fin, the outer rim of die cavity is processed with a circle grooving, the middle part of die cavity is processed with the second conical socket, what the middle part of the second conical socket was processed with that this second conical socket connects ejects hole, four corners of the upper surface of counterdie are respectively arranged with positioning boss, and upper mould cover is combined on counterdie, and four positioning boss are placed in corresponding locating slot; Upper die and lower die are separately installed with Electrothermal ring;
Described knock-pin is from top to bottom successively by coaxially to arrange and the little round platform of all-in-one-piece processed, large round platform and the second cylinder are formed, the larger diameter end of little round platform is connected with the larger diameter end of large round platform, the smaller diameter end of large round platform is connected with the second cylinder, second cylinder of knock-pin is inserted into and ejects in hole, large round platform is positioned on the second conical socket, and little round platform is placed in the first conical socket.
A kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process of the present invention realizes according to following steps:
One, base: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank open die forging is caused the blank be made up of the second round platform and three cylindrical making one, the diameter of the bottom surface of described second round platform is 667mm, the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the second round platform is 280mm, and the height of three cylindrical is 60mm;
Two, forging and molding: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank obtained for step one is put into box heating resistor stove and heats, takes out when being heated to 140-160 DEG C, and at the uniformly graphite spraying whey solution of blank; The blank having sprayed the aquadag aqueous solution is put into box heating resistor stove, be heated to 350-390 DEG C and be incubated 3-3.5 hour, finally by mold heated to 330-380 DEG C, the blank heated is placed in the die cavity of counterdie 2, apply the pressure of 2000N ~ 40000N to patrix 1 under the effect of forcing press, patrix 1 downstream rate is 0.8-1.2mm/s, forging temperature is 375-385 DEG C, after blank is full of die cavity, forcing press is out of service, be shaped complete obtained forging semi-finished product, and wherein, the mass percentage concentration of the aquadag aqueous solution is 10% ~ 15%;
Three, cool: the AZ80A magnesium alloy forging semi-finished product knock-pin that step 2 is obtained takes out, and puts into cold water immediately, take out after forging semi-finished product cool completely, dry;
Four, heat treatment: the forging semi-finished product obtained through step 3 are carried out Ageing Treatment, and treatment temperature is 165-170 DEG C and is incubated 20h, obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the present invention is configured as technological means shaping AZ80A magnesium alloy casing forging with isothermal die forging process, only use a set of building mortion of the present invention just can realize low cost, small-sized mass, quality are high, the die forging part of high life is produced, for the interior tissue of forging and premium properties provide important leverage.
Two, the present invention adopts die forging forming process method, make forging ' s block dimension precision formed thereby high, interior tissue performance is good, eliminate the impact of temperature difference between blank and mould, hot blank is out of shape when lower temperature rate in the constant temperature mould being heated to forging temperature, increase because this reducing the metal deformation resistance caused by deformable metal surface chill when routine is forged, the increase of flow resistance, and the inner structure property caused by inhomogeneous deformation of deformable metal is uneven, effectively reduce equipment tonnage during die forging, can realize skinny device is shaped heavy forging, product of the present invention has good comprehensive mechanical performance.
Three, the present invention is while carrying out isothermal die forging process shaping, by means of numerical simulation and experiment to this forging forming rule and Defects Forming Mechanism and control method, meanwhile, Design of digital and manufacturing technology is adopted effectively to improve the quality of the design of such mould for forging, forming arrangements optimization and forming technology.
Four, production efficiency of the present invention is high, and during die forging, the distortion of metal is carried out in die cavity, can obtain required form, saves metal material, reduces machining workload, under the condition that batch is enough, can reduce costs; The present invention is simple to operate, and labour intensity is lower.
Five, isothermy die forging method of the present invention can improve magnesium alloy strength, plasticity and toughness effectively, test specimen after die forging is after artificial aging process, under obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy, the tensile strength peak of casing forging reaches 365Mpa, and minimum intensity is 334Mpa, reaches related request.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of shaping dies of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the perspective view of patrix, Fig. 4 is the perspective view of counterdie, Fig. 5 is the perspective view of knock-pin, Fig. 6 is the structural representation of AZ80A magnesium alloy blank, and Fig. 7 is through obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing schematic diagram (overlook and see) of step 4, and Fig. 8 is through obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing schematic diagram (look up and see) of step 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: composition graphs 1-Fig. 5 illustrates present embodiment, a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process shaping dies of present embodiment comprises patrix 1, counterdie 2, knock-pin 3 and multiple Electrothermal ring 4, described patrix 1 is made up of all-in-one-piece body 1-1 processed and fin 1-2, described body 1-1 is square body, the middle part of the lower surface of body 1-1 is provided with fin 1-2, described fin 1-2 is by coaxially to arrange and all-in-one-piece processed first cylinder 1-3 and the first round platform 1-4 is formed, the upper end of the first cylinder 1-3 is connected with body 1-1, the lower end of the first cylinder 1-3 is connected with the larger diameter end of the first round platform 1-4, the middle part of the first round platform 1-4 and the first cylinder 1-3 is processed with the first coaxial conical socket 1-5, the diameter of section of the first conical socket 1-5 from top to bottom increases gradually, four corners on the lower surface of body 1-1 are processed with locating slot 1-6 respectively,
Described counterdie 2 is square body, the middle part of the upper surface of counterdie 2 is processed with the die cavity 2-1 matched with fin 1-2, the outer rim of die cavity 2-1 is processed with a circle grooving 2-2, the middle part of die cavity 2-1 is processed with the second conical socket 2-3, what the middle part of the second conical socket 2-3 was processed with that this second conical socket 2-3 connects ejects hole 2-4, four corners of the upper surface of counterdie 2 are respectively arranged with positioning boss 2-5, patrix 1 covers on counterdie 2, and four positioning boss 2-5 are placed in corresponding locating slot 1-6; Patrix 1 and counterdie 2 are separately installed with Electrothermal ring 4;
Described knock-pin 3 is from top to bottom successively by coaxially to arrange and the little round platform 3-1 of all-in-one-piece processed, large round platform 3-2 and the second cylinder 3-3 are formed, the larger diameter end of little round platform 3-1 is connected with the larger diameter end of large round platform 3-2, the smaller diameter end of large round platform 3-2 is connected with the second cylinder 3-3, second cylinder 3-3 of knock-pin 3 is inserted into and ejects in the 2-4 of hole, large round platform 3-2 is positioned on the second conical socket 2-3, and little round platform 3-1 is placed in the first conical socket 1-5.
The large round platform 3-2 of present embodiment coordinates with the second conical socket 2-3 and processes.
Present embodiment utilizes the thermal coefficient of expansion of part X-Y scheme and magnesium alloy, mould, with CATIA Software on Drawing mould, uses topological relation and overlapping relation in software, designs the three-dimensional model diagram die cavity of mould, adopts Digit Control Machine Tool to carry out Mould Machining.
During isothermal forging, the dimensional accuracy of design of forging die to forging has a great impact.The dimensional accuracy of impression and wearing and tearing, expanding with heat and contract with cold of mould and forging, the elastic deformation of mould and forging, the shape and size of forging, select the rigidity of equipment, precision and tonnage size etc. all to have larger impact to the dimensional accuracy of forging.Consider the factors such as the expanding with heat and contract with cold of material, Making mold and forging volume distributed median, according to the three-dimensional modeling of casing cold forging part, the hot forging three-dimensional modeling figure of design casing, in design with the maximum projection plane of part for die joint.Obtain die drawing by Boolean calculation, actually add man-hour, obtaining patrix is 850 × 820 × 355mm, and counterdie is 980 × 840 × 440mm (not comprising the height 30mm of positioning boss), and patrix is connected with hydraulic press, and counterdie is connected with hydraulic press.
For making forging take out from darker die cavity, counterdie centre design push rod, the matched in clearance of push rod and counterdie is 0.5mm, and design pattern draft is 5 °, and the lowermost end spacing of push rod and counterdie is 30mm.Because load in isothermal forging process is very large, add the geometric features of forging, upper die and lower die easily offset in isothermal die forging process process.Therefore at the relevant position of upper die and lower die design cuboid snap close, effectively prevent upper die and lower die relative position from offsetting, and have guide effect concurrently.
Production practices and scientific research prove, magnesium alloy is in forging process, and heating times is more few better, often heat once, generally can lose partial properties, based on this, careful design casing shaped blanks, with ensure finish-forging be shaped qualified go out forging, the blank that present embodiment obtains is as shown in Figure 6.The AZ80A magnesium alloy casing forging smooth in appearance that present embodiment finally obtains, comprehensive mechanical performance is good.
Detailed description of the invention two: composition graphs 2 illustrates present embodiment, the lower end of the first cylinder 1-3 of present embodiment and the larger diameter end arc transition of the first round platform 1-4.Setting like this, is convenient to manufacture magnesium alloy casing, meets the design requirements and the actual needs.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: composition graphs 2 illustrates present embodiment, any bus of the first round platform 1-4 described in present embodiment and the angle β of axis are 72 °.Setting like this, meets design requirement and actual production demand.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention four: composition graphs 1-Fig. 5 illustrates present embodiment, the side that two of body 1-1 described in present embodiment are relative is provided with on four and is connected and fixed groove 1-7, be connected and fixed groove 2-7 under the side that two of counterdie 2 are relative arranges four, be above connected and fixed groove 1-7 and under be connected and fixed groove 2-7 one_to_one corresponding and arrange.Setting like this, is above connected and fixed construction bolt on groove, for connecting fluid press, under be connected and fixed construction bolt on groove, for connecting fluid press, meet the design requirements and the actual needs.Other with detailed description of the invention one, two or three identical.
Detailed description of the invention five: composition graphs 1-Fig. 8 illustrates present embodiment, the isothermal die forging process shaping dies of detailed description of the invention one, two or three that utilizes of present embodiment realizes a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process, and described AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process realizes according to following steps:
One, base: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank open die forging is caused the blank be made up of the second round platform and the second cylinder making one, the diameter D of the bottom surface of described second round platform is 667mm, the diameter of the upper bottom surface d of the second round platform is 280mm, and the high h of three cylindrical is 60mm;
Two, forging and molding: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank obtained for step one is put into box heating resistor stove and heats, takes out when being heated to 140-160 DEG C, and at the uniformly graphite spraying whey solution of blank; The blank having sprayed the aquadag aqueous solution is put into box heating resistor stove, be heated to 350-390 DEG C and be incubated 3-3.5 hour, finally by mold heated to 330-380 DEG C, the blank heated is placed in the die cavity of counterdie 2, apply the pressure of 2000N ~ 40000N to patrix 1 under the effect of forcing press, patrix 1 downstream rate is 0.8-1.2mm/s, forging temperature is 375-385 DEG C, after blank is full of die cavity, forcing press is out of service, be shaped complete obtained forging semi-finished product, and wherein, the mass percentage concentration of the aquadag aqueous solution is 10% ~ 15%;
Three, cool: the AZ80A magnesium alloy forging semi-finished product knock-pin that step 2 is obtained takes out, and puts into cold water immediately, take out after forging semi-finished product cool completely, dry;
Four, heat treatment: the forging semi-finished product obtained through step 3 are carried out Ageing Treatment, and treatment temperature is 165-170 DEG C and is incubated 20h, obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product.
On the forging that present embodiment obtains, four positions sample, and carried out extension test, the tensile strength of forging reaches 355Mpa, reaches related request.The patrix of present embodiment is 850 × 820 × 355mm, and counterdie is 980 × 840 × 440mm (not comprising the height 30mm of positioning boss).
Detailed description of the invention six: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention five are taken out unlike when being heated to 150 DEG C in step 2; Be heated to 380 DEG C and be incubated 3.2 hours, finally by mold heated to 375 DEG C, be placed on by the blank heated in the die cavity of counterdie 2, apply the pressure of 30000N under the effect of forcing press to patrix 1, patrix 1 downstream rate is 1.0mm/s, and forging temperature is 380 DEG C.The forging semi-finished product stable mechanical property that present embodiment obtains, tensile strength is high, meets actual needs.Other step and parameter identical with detailed description of the invention five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention five or six are 168 DEG C unlike treatment temperature in step 4.Other step and parameter identical with detailed description of the invention five or six.
Detailed description of the invention eight: a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process of present embodiment realizes according to following steps:
One, base: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank open die forging is caused the blank be made up of the second round platform and three cylindrical making one, the diameter D of the bottom surface of described second round platform is 667mm, the diameter of the upper bottom surface d of the second round platform is 280mm, and the high h of the second cylinder is 60mm;
Two, forging and molding: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank obtained for step one is put into box heating resistor stove and heats, takes out when being heated to 145 DEG C, and at the uniformly graphite spraying whey solution of blank; The blank having sprayed the aquadag aqueous solution is put into box heating resistor stove, be heated to 385 DEG C and be incubated 3 hours, finally by mold heated to 380 DEG C, the blank heated is placed in the die cavity of counterdie 2, apply the pressure of 40000N to patrix 1 under the effect of forcing press, patrix 1 downstream rate is 1.0mm/s, and forging temperature is 380 DEG C, after blank is full of die cavity, forcing press is out of service, be shaped complete obtained forging semi-finished product, and wherein, the mass percentage concentration of the aquadag aqueous solution is 12%;
Three, cool: the AZ80A magnesium alloy forging semi-finished product knock-pin that step 2 is obtained takes out, and puts into cold water immediately, take out after forging semi-finished product cool completely, dry;
Four, heat treatment: the forging semi-finished product obtained through step 3 are carried out Ageing Treatment, and treatment temperature is 170 DEG C and is incubated 20h, obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product.
The patrix of the mould that present embodiment adopts is 850 × 820 × 355mm, counterdie is 980 × 840 × 440mm (height not containing positioning boss is 30mm), as shown in Figure 6, the AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product schematic diagram that present embodiment obtains as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 for the blank schematic diagram that present embodiment obtains.The AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product forging that present embodiment obtains, there is appearance smooth, clear-cut, streamline to distribute rational feature along geometric shape, and forging intensity is high simultaneously, plasticity and good toughness, test specimen after die forging is after artificial aging process, and forging endwise tensile strength reaches 365Mpa, and yield strength reaches 243Mpa, percentage elongation 7%, HB hardness 91.2.Forging transverse tensile strength reaches 334Mpa, and yield strength reaches 231Mpa, percentage elongation more than 6.5, HB hardness 90.7.Forging surface microstructure fine uniform, dense internal organization.Through ultrasound examination, have no in forging inside be mingled with, bubble, the defect such as shrinkage cavity.
Claims (3)
1. an AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process, the AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process shaping dies that this manufacturing process adopts comprises patrix (1), counterdie (2), knock-pin (3) and multiple Electrothermal ring (4), described patrix (1) is made up of all-in-one-piece body (1-1) processed and fin (1-2), described body (1-1) is square body, the middle part of the lower surface of body (1-1) is provided with fin (1-2), described fin (1-2) is by coaxially to arrange and all-in-one-piece processed first cylinder (1-3) and the first round platform (1-4) are formed, the upper end of the first cylinder (1-3) is connected with body (1-1), the lower end of the first cylinder (1-3) is connected with the larger diameter end of the first round platform (1-4), the middle part of the first round platform (1-4) and the first cylinder (1-3) is processed with coaxial the first conical socket (1-5), the diameter of section of the first conical socket (1-5) from top to bottom increases gradually, four corners on the lower surface of body (1-1) are processed with locating slot (1-6) respectively,
Described counterdie (2) is square body, the middle part of the upper surface of counterdie (2) is processed with the die cavity (2-1) matched with fin (1-2), the outer rim of die cavity (2-1) is processed with a circle grooving (2-2), the middle part of die cavity (2-1) is processed with the second conical socket (2-3), what the middle part of the second conical socket (2-3) was processed with that this second conical socket (2-3) connects ejects hole (2-4), four corners of the upper surface of counterdie (2) are respectively arranged with positioning boss (2-5), patrix (1) covers on counterdie (2), four positioning boss (2-5) are placed in corresponding locating slot (1-6), patrix (1) and counterdie (2) are separately installed with Electrothermal ring (4),
Described knock-pin (3) is from top to bottom successively by coaxially arranging and the little round platform of all-in-one-piece processed (3-1), large round platform (3-2) and the second cylinder (3-3) are formed, the larger diameter end of little round platform (3-1) is connected with the larger diameter end of large round platform (3-2), the smaller diameter end of large round platform (3-2) is connected with the second cylinder (3-3), second cylinder (3-3) of knock-pin (3) is inserted into and ejects in hole (2-4), large round platform (3-2) is positioned on the second conical socket (2-3), little round platform (3-1) is placed in the first conical socket (1-5),
It is characterized in that: described AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process realizes according to following steps:
One, base: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank open die forging is caused the blank be made up of the second round platform and three cylindrical making one, the diameter (D) of the bottom surface of described second round platform is 667mm, the diameter of the upper bottom surface (d) of the second round platform is 280mm, and the height (h) of three cylindrical is 60mm;
Two, forging and molding: AZ80A magnesium alloy blank obtained for step one is put into box heating resistor stove and heats, takes out when being heated to 140-160 DEG C, and at the uniformly graphite spraying whey solution of blank, the blank having sprayed the aquadag aqueous solution is put into box heating resistor stove, be heated to 350-390 DEG C and be incubated 3-3.5 hour, finally by mold heated to 330-380 DEG C, the blank heated is placed in the die cavity of counterdie (2), apply the pressure of 2000N ~ 40000N to patrix (1) under the effect of forcing press, patrix (1) downstream rate is 0.8-1.2mm/s, forging temperature is 375-385 DEG C, after blank is full of die cavity, forcing press is out of service, be shaped complete obtained forging semi-finished product, wherein, the mass percentage concentration of the aquadag aqueous solution is 10% ~ 15%,
Three, cool: the AZ80A magnesium alloy forging semi-finished product knock-pin that step 2 is obtained takes out, and puts into cold water immediately, take out after forging semi-finished product cool completely, dry;
Four, heat treatment: the forging semi-finished product obtained through step 3 are carried out Ageing Treatment, and treatment temperature is 165-170 DEG C and is incubated 20h, obtained AZ80A magnesium alloy casing finished product.
2. a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: take out when being heated to 150 DEG C in step 2, be heated to 380 DEG C and be incubated 3.2 hours, finally by mold heated to 375 DEG C, the blank heated is placed in the die cavity of counterdie (2), under the effect of forcing press, apply the pressure of 30000N to patrix (1), patrix (1) downstream rate is 1.0mm/s, and forging temperature is 380 DEG C.
3. a kind of AZ80A magnesium alloy casing isothermal die forging process manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step 4, treatment temperature is 168 DEG C.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109226625A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-01-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of control method of isothermal forming mould temperature uniformity |
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