CN101342566B - Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft - Google Patents
Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN101342566B CN101342566B CN2008101245547A CN200810124554A CN101342566B CN 101342566 B CN101342566 B CN 101342566B CN 2008101245547 A CN2008101245547 A CN 2008101245547A CN 200810124554 A CN200810124554 A CN 200810124554A CN 101342566 B CN101342566 B CN 101342566B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000004141 microcephaly Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention provides a conical gear integral cold-forging process, which belongs to the metal mechanical processing and metal punching field that is basically free from cutting, and in particular relates to a conical gear integral plastic precision forming method, which adopts the process procedures that circular steel rod material is cut and spheroidized, and then is annealed; and then is mechanically processed to made into the roughcast to be processed for phospholeum; the axial part is correctly extruded; the rough teeth part is processed into a spherical shape; after the spheroidization annealing and phospholeum processing, the teeth is formed, and finally is squeezed into a square shape. The metal flowing wire of the product is distributed continuously according to the shape; the interior is closely configured, so that the teeth surface of the conical gear is more durable; the strength of the shaft is improved by two times or more compared with the original process. At the same time, since no material is wasted during the cold forging process from the rough material to the finished product, the method of the present invention saves materials compared with the mechanical processing process, and can reduce the energy consumption. Since the advanced tri-dimensional analog forming software is used to simulate the cold forging processing during the development of the new product, a great amount of mould development and commissioning time is saved, and the development expense is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to not have cutting metal mechanism processing substantially, the whole plastic precise forming method of metal stamping field, especially angular wheel shaft.
Background technology
The processing method of existing angular wheel shaft has two kinds: first kind is that the bevel gear that will process is assemblied on the axle that processes, the method of assembling can adopt interference to join that pressure, spline are joined pressure, flat key adds jump ring etc., the defective that makes the angular wheel shaft that processes in this way mainly is that transmission intensity is low, and also there is the defective that consumptive material is many, power consumption is high in its process simultaneously; Second kind is bevel gear connecting shaft cast-in-block processing technology, and the defective that makes the angular wheel shaft that processes in this way mainly is that the bevel gear precision decreases, and yield rate is low, and the intensity of foundry goods also is lower than machined piece.In addition, also there are defectives such as time of product development length, development cost height in above-mentioned two kinds of processing methods.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned defective, the integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft that a kind of anti-wear performance is good, transmission intensity is high is provided.
Technical solution of the present invention is: integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft, and its processing step is: spheroidizing after the first blanking, phospholeum processing behind the machined base again, just squeezing axial region, the tooth portion of pre-upsetting again, spheroidizing and phospholeum processing then, squeeze tooth then and be shaped, the extruding four directions is shaped at last.
Adopt technique scheme, add at normal temperatures to be pressed in and make the metal material flowing forming in the die cavity, metal streamline is by its shape continuous distributed, and dense internal organization makes that the flank of tooth of bevel gear is wear-resisting more durable, improves more than the twice during the former explained hereafter of the strength ratio of axle.Simultaneously, owing to the loss of having only in the cold forging process from the blank to the finished product seldom, therefore save material than process for machining, energy consumption has also reduced.Owing to use advanced three-dimensional simulation moulding software simulation Cold Forging during new product development, therefore saved a large amount of mould developments and trial-production time, reduced development cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is shape of product variation diagram in the process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a process chart of the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The specific embodiment
With properties of product be: hardness HRC36-47.5
Tensile strength 1150-1540 newton/square millimeter
The product technology parameter is: bevel gear modulus 4
The number of teeth 12
20 ° of pressure angles
90 ° of crossed axis angles
The integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft of accuracy class (GB11365-89/8 level) is an example.
At first according to three-dimensional simulation moulding software simulation Cold Forging process, design molding and getting the raw materials ready, the raw material of present embodiment angular wheel shaft is a 20CrMnTi round steel bar.Its processing step is:
1,20CrMnTi round steel bar stock saw cutting is got in blanking, and former material base weight is greater than the 8-12% of finished weight after the control blanking;
2, former material base is carried out spheroidizing, 720 ℃-740 ℃ of heating-up temperatures of control be incubateds 3-4 hour, are cooled to≤air cooling of coming out of the stove after 500 ℃ with stove, control annealing hardness 70-85HRB;
3, machined base, machined are removed former material base surface scale, and guarantee that billet weight is consistent with finished weight;
4, phospholeum processing, concrete grammar is as follows: 50-60 ℃ of liquid temperature pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 70-80 ℃ of liquid temperature phosphatization 10-15 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 80-95 ℃ of liquid temperature saponification 8-10 minute;
5, just squeezing axial region, by the axle microcephaly of just crowded method shaping angular wheel shaft, Control Shaft microcephaly's diameter and length dimension, diameter are than the little 0.2-0.5mm of finished diameter, and length is than the short 1-2mm of finished product length;
6, the tooth portion globulate of pre-upsetting, control the diameter and the length dimension of a major part well, and the weight in jumping-up bulb, guarantee that an axle diameter at butt end meets finished size, length is reserved the length of next procedure four directions extruding elongation, and guarantees the Heavy Weight 5-10% of the weight ratio finished product tooth portion in jumping-up bulb;
7, spheroidizing, 720 ℃-740 ℃ of heating-up temperatures of control be incubateds 3-4 hour, are cooled to≤air cooling of coming out of the stove after 500 ℃ with stove, control annealing hardness 70-85HRB;
8, phospholeum processing, concrete grammar is as follows: 50-60 ℃ of liquid temperature pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 70-80 ℃ of liquid temperature phosphatization 10-15 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 80-95 ℃ of liquid temperature saponification 8-10 minute;
9, just squeeze the bevel gear profile of tooth, regularly checking the bevel gear tooth-face roughness and the sufficient situation of profile of tooth of just squeezing after the profile of tooth, as running into the situation that gear plucking or tooth bottom surface have material to have more, the mould that needs timely repairing mould or more renew;
10, adopt the cubic head on diameter reducing extrusion method machining bevel gears top, the diameter and the length in control four directions meet the finished size requirement.
Claims (3)
1. integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft, its processing step is a spheroidizing after the first blanking, axial region is just being squeezed in phospholeum processing behind the machined base more then, the tooth portion of pre-upsetting again, spheroidizing and phospholeum processing are squeezed tooth then and are shaped, and the extruding four directions is shaped at last;
It is characterized in that: described blanking is meant gets the round steel bar stock saw cutting, and former material base weight is greater than the 8-12% of finished weight after the control blanking, and the raw material of angular wheel shaft is a 20CrMnTi round steel bar;
Described phospholeum processing is meant 50-60 ℃ of liquid temperature pickling 5-10 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 70-80 ℃ of liquid temperature phosphatization 10-15 minute, clear water rinsing 1-2 minute; 80-95 ℃ of liquid temperature saponification 8-10 minute;
The described axial region that just squeezing is meant that Control Shaft microcephaly's diameter and length dimension, diameter are than the little 0.2-0.5mm of finished diameter by the axle microcephaly of the method shaping angular wheel shaft that is just squeezing, and length is than the short 1-2mm of finished product length;
The described tooth portion of pre-upsetting is meant the tooth portion globulate of pre-upsetting, control the diameter and the length dimension of a major part well, and the weight in jumping-up bulb, guarantee that the axle diameter at butt end meets finished size, length is reserved the length of next procedure four directions extruding elongation, and guarantees the Heavy Weight 5-10% of the weight ratio finished product tooth portion in jumping-up bulb;
Described spheroidizing is meant 720 ℃-740 ℃ of heating-up temperatures of control, be incubated 3-4 hour, is cooled to≤air cooling of coming out of the stove after 500 ℃ with stove, controls annealing hardness 70-85HRB;
Described extruding four directions is shaped and is meant the cubic head that adopts diameter reducing extrusion method machining bevel gears top, and the diameter and the length in control four directions meet the finished size requirement.
2. according to the described integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described machined base is meant that machined removes former material base surface scale, and guarantees that billet weight is consistent with finished weight.
3. according to the described integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is to make a comment or criticism to squeeze the bevel gear profile of tooth that described crowded tooth is shaped, just regularly check the bevel gear tooth-face roughness and the sufficient situation of profile of tooth of squeezing after the profile of tooth, as run into the situation that gear plucking or tooth bottom surface have material to have more, the mould that needs timely repairing mould or more renew.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101245547A CN101342566B (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2008-08-25 | Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft |
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| CN2008101245547A CN101342566B (en) | 2008-08-25 | 2008-08-25 | Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft |
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| CN101342566A CN101342566A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN101342566B true CN101342566B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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Denomination of invention: Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft Effective date of registration: 20180212 Granted publication date: 20101013 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dafeng branch Pledgor: Jiangsu Chuangyi Precision Forging Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018320010009 |
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Date of cancellation: 20190212 Granted publication date: 20101013 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dafeng branch Pledgor: Jiangsu Chuangyi Precision Forging Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2018320010009 |
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Denomination of invention: Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft Effective date of registration: 20190212 Granted publication date: 20101013 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dafeng branch Pledgor: Jiangsu Chuangyi Precision Forging Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2019320000088 |
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Date of cancellation: 20200109 Granted publication date: 20101013 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dafeng branch Pledgor: Jiangsu Chuangyi Precision Forging Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2019320000088 |
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Denomination of invention: Integral cold forging technique for angular wheel shaft Effective date of registration: 20200115 Granted publication date: 20101013 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dafeng branch Pledgor: Jiangsu Chuangyi Precision Forging Co., Ltd. Registration number: Y2020320000054 |