CN103350346A - Power takeoff transmission shaft cold precision forging plastic forming process - Google Patents
Power takeoff transmission shaft cold precision forging plastic forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103350346A CN103350346A CN2013102814512A CN201310281451A CN103350346A CN 103350346 A CN103350346 A CN 103350346A CN 2013102814512 A CN2013102814512 A CN 2013102814512A CN 201310281451 A CN201310281451 A CN 201310281451A CN 103350346 A CN103350346 A CN 103350346A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power takeoff transmission shaft cold precision forging plastic forming process which comprises the following steps: a, cutting out bar materials, conducting extrusion pretreatment, b, conducting deep hole extrusion and punching, c, conducting forward extrusion, d, conducting reducing and extrusion, e, conducting plasticity chambering internal spline extrusion, f, conducting rolling extrusion, and cold forging a blank which basically conforms to the size of a transmission shaft of a power takeoff in a mold. Forging and demolding are convenient, and then the blank is machined through a machine tool. The machining method is simple, the structure is fine, the strength is high, the production efficiency is high, raw materials are saved, the requirements for product precision of the transmission shaft of the power takeoff are met, the manufacturing cost and the production cycle are reduced, and meanwhile the power takeoff transmission shaft cold precision forging plastic forming process also conforms to the tendency of the development of the present world manufacturing industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power takeoff driving shaft, relate in particular to a kind of power takeoff driving shaft Cold Precision Forging Process of Spur.
Background technology
The power takeoff english abbreviation is PTO, it is exactly one group of change-speed gearing, claim again power take off, generally being to be formed by gear-box, Combined clutch, using gear to be connected with gearbox, is that axle is connected with lifting pump, it is an independent gear in the gearbox, hang up this shelves, an open out, lifting pump just can turn round.Lifting pump is a hydraulic means, and the lifting railway carriage is realized self-unloading function.The special-purpose vehicle that dumper, fire fighting truck, concrete mixer, refrigeration etc. need extra power obtains by power takeoff, and power takeoff is the attachment device that is contained in the gearbox outside, and it obtains power from certain gear of gearbox.Being switched on or switched off of this power is that a magnetic valve by in the driver's cabin is controlled.Drive high-pressure oil pump for dumper by power takeoff; Drive water pump for fire fighting truck; Drive compressor for the refrigeration car; Drive hydraulic motor Stirring tank.Power takeoff generally is the connection for transmission axle or directly links to each other with gear pump, generally is to connect power transmission shaft at home, and few people's design directly connects with gear pump, in Europe, North America, because the design of power takeoff is various, of a great variety.A kind of power takeoff driving shaft comprises the hollow shaft body, has inner circle and cylindrical, and described inner circle has the spline inner headed face 1, the internal diameter that connect successively and shrinks transition face 2, contraction inner headed face 3, internal diameter expansion transition face 4, expansion inner headed face 5 and large aperture inner headed face 6; Described cylindrical has the periphery 7, the external diameter that connect successively and shrinks transition face 8, contraction periphery 9, annular lug 10, straight-tooth periphery 11, the second periphery 12 and external diameter contraction flank 13.Adopt machine-tooled method production to have advantages of that precision is high, but its production cycle is long, manufacturing cost is high.Manufacturing firm all at first adopts precision forging blank technology both at home and abroad at present, and again a little machined can be satisfied required precision like this, has reduced again manufacturing cost and cycle, also meets the trend of world today's development of manufacturing simultaneously.But because the external diameter of periphery 7 and annular lug 10 is large, shrink periphery 9 internal diameters little, belong to the little shape in large centre, two, increased difficulty for the forging demoulding.The production method that the power takeoff driving shaft hot forging is traditional: blanking, heating, forge hot, normalizing, lathe processing, drilling machine bore mesopore (two boring), bore hole.China Intellectual Property Office discloses the quick precise extrusion new technology of CN1672863 axle tube forging, it is characterized in that adopting the hot rolling round bar to be heated to forging temperature and need not to set up separately punching the wad operation Huo Qie Head operation at hydraulic press, accurate quick penetrating endoporus and the outline of being shaped, technical process is: jumping-up-punching-perforation and forward extrusion-upsetting squeeze.China Intellectual Property Office also discloses the production technology that CN101602157 discloses a kind of speed reducer output shaft, may further comprise the steps: a, buy raw material; B, blanking; C, be heated to 1120-1200 ℃; D, the raw material that step c is heated pull out at the pneumatic hammer swage block, and round as a ball on movable swage block, shaping forge the cylinder that substantially meets the speed reducer output shaft size in loose tool; E, the base in the steps d is put into jumping-up major part on the friction press, enclosed closed die forging, forges output shaft forged piece; F, utilize remnant forging thermal quenching; G, 520-660 ℃ tempering; H, machine tooling; I, finished product.Power takeoff driving shaft hot forging shortcoming: tissue looseness, density is low; Intensity is low, and labour intensity is large; Efficient is low, and the production cycle is long; Deep hole machining difficulty cost is high; Machining apparatus has high input; The waste raw material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of organize fine and closely woven, intensity is high, production efficiency is high, cost is low, the power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique that saves material.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
Power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique comprises the steps:
A, intercepting bar, the extruding pre-treatment;
B, deep extrusion and punching: the blank that phospholeumization is good is put into back extrusion concave, punch carries out backward extrusion to the upper surface of blank, form deep hole and with the garden tubular of bottom, adopt tubular bottom, forcing press stamping-out garden, the center that forms axis body is shaped with the hollow shaft of a through hole;
C, forward extrusion: hollow shaft just put into squeeze die, utilize punch to inner chamber and the top forward extrusion of hollow shaft, formed identical and external diameter is not of uniform size two sections hollow shaft A and B and their changeover portion of internal diameter;
D, diameter reducing extrusion: above-mentioned hollow shaft is inverted in the diameter reducing extrusion die, and section carries out diameter reducing extrusion to the large outer diameter A of hollow shaft, and the A section external diameter behind the tube reducing is still greater than B section external diameter;
E, the extruding of plasticity reaming internal spline: extrusion behind the tube reducing is put into cold-extruded reaming die, utilize punch that B end surface endoporus is carried out the cold extrusion reaming, form B end surface inwall spline segment, and the inside and outside footpath of B end surface enlarges formation annular lug ⑽ on the while cylindrical;
F, rolling extrusion: to the cold extrusion of rolling of the hollow shaft A section after the plasticity reaming, make A section outer wall form the straight-tooth periphery.
Described forward extrusion is two step forward extrusions, and a step connects extruding and forms little external diameter B section, and the step forward extrusion forms large outer diameter A section.
Described cold-extruded reaming die comprises punch, upper cavity die, lower cavity die, Pre-stress cover and stripping attachment, and described stripping attachment is located at the bottom of lower cavity die, and Pre-stress cover is arranged on the outside of upper cavity die, lower cavity die; Described die is spliced to form by upper cavity die, lower cavity die with different extruding die cavities, and the cylindrical shape of the extruding die cavity of the upper cavity die that is spliced to form and lower cavity die and the cold-extruded part of power takeoff driving shaft is adaptive; Described upper cavity die and lower cavity die are by the fixing splicing of Pre-stress cover, and described upper cavity die can move along the inwall of Pre-stress cover and separate with lower cavity die; The extruding die cavity of described upper cavity die is large and small cylindrical die cavity and the adapter cavity between them from top to bottom; Described punch is large, medium and small cylindrical section and they changeover portion between separately from top to bottom, is provided with spline tooth on the outer wall of described middle cylindrical section.
Described upper cavity die is split-type structural, and it is surrounded by two or more die lobes and forms.
Described upper cavity die or lower cavity die or upper cavity die and lower cavity die are incorporated on the inwall of splicing place and are provided with the annular groove chamber.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is by carrying out deep extrusion and punching, forward extrusion, diameter reducing extrusion, the extruding of plasticity reaming internal spline, rolling extrusion to raw bar material, cold forging goes out the blank that basic symbols is closed the power takeoff driving shaft size in mould; Because upper cavity die is split-type structural, it is surrounded by two or more die lobes and forms, and stripping attachment ejects hollow shaft after the extruding of plasticity reaming internal spline, and the die lobe of upper cavity die moves up with hollow shaft, the die lobe separates naturally after going out Pre-stress cover, and forging is convenient in demoulding; Form by machine tooling, processing method is simple again, organize fine and closely woven, intensity is high, production efficiency is high, save material, both satisfy the requirement of power takeoff driving shaft Product Precision, reduced again manufacturing cost and production cycle, also met the trend of world today's development of manufacturing simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of power takeoff driving shaft in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the invention bar deformation process structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of cold-extruded reaming die in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the top view of cold-extruded reaming die upper cavity die in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of cold-extruded reaming die upper cavity die in the embodiment of the invention.
Sequence number among the figure: 1, spline inner headed face, 2, internal diameter shrinks transition face, 3, shrink inner headed face, 4, internal diameter expansion transition face, 5, expansion inner headed face, 6, the large aperture inner headed face, 7, periphery, 8, external diameter shrinks transition face, 9, shrink periphery, 10, annular lug, 11, the straight-tooth periphery, 12, the second periphery, 13, external diameter shrinks flank, 14, punch, 15, upper cavity die, 16, lower cavity die, 17, Pre-stress cover, 18, stripping attachment, 19, the die lobe, 20, the annular groove chamber.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment one: referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of power takeoff driving shaft, comprise the hollow shaft body, have inner circle and cylindrical, described inner circle has the spline inner headed face 1, the internal diameter that connect successively and shrinks transition face 2, contraction inner headed face 3, internal diameter expansion transition face 4, expansion inner headed face 5 and large aperture inner headed face 6; Described cylindrical has the periphery 7, the external diameter that connect successively and shrinks transition face 8, contraction periphery 9, annular lug 10, straight-tooth periphery 11, the second periphery 12 and external diameter contraction flank 13; Described spline inner headed face 1 corresponding periphery 7 is arranged on hollow shaft body inner circle, described annular lug 10 and straight-tooth periphery 11 are arranged on and shrink in the inner headed face 3 corresponding cylindrical zones, and described internal diameter expansion transition face 4 is arranged in the second periphery 12 corresponding inner circle zones.The spline inner headed face 1 of the inner circle of this power takeoff driving shaft, internal diameter contraction transition face 2, contraction inner headed face 3, internal diameter expansion transition face 4, the periphery 7 of expanding inner headed face 5 and cylindrical, external diameter contraction transition face 8, contraction periphery 9, annular lug 10, straight-tooth periphery 11, the second periphery 12 all are that forging forms, and only have large aperture inner headed face 6 and the external diameter on the cylindrical on the inner circle to shrink flank 13 employing machined productions.Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, a kind of power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique comprises the steps:
A, according to product requirement, determine the length size, adopt high speed circular saw machine bed intercepting bar; Adopt annealing process annealing with cutting off the good bar shaft furnace of packing into; According to drawing dimensional requirement lathe processing base; The blank that lathe is processed is put into shot-blasting machine and is carried out carrying out the phospholeum processing after the appearance blasting treatment again;
B, deep extrusion and punching: the blank that phospholeumization is good is put into back extrusion concave, punch carries out backward extrusion to the upper surface of blank, form deep hole and with the garden tubular of bottom, adopt tubular bottom, forcing press stamping-out garden, the center that forms axis body is shaped with the hollow shaft of a through hole;
C, forward extrusion: after face work, process annealing, ball blast, phosphatization, saponification are processed, hollow shaft is put into just crowded die, utilize the punch to inner chamber and the top forward extrusion of hollow shaft, formed identical and external diameter is not of uniform size two sections hollow shaft A and B and their changeover portion of internal diameter; Described forward extrusion is two step forward extrusions, and a step connects extruding and forms little external diameter B section, and the step forward extrusion forms large outer diameter A section.
D, diameter reducing extrusion: after face work, process annealing, ball blast, phosphatization, saponification are processed, above-mentioned hollow shaft is inverted in the diameter reducing extrusion die, section carries out diameter reducing extrusion to the large outer diameter A of hollow shaft, and the A section external diameter behind the tube reducing is still greater than B section external diameter;
E, the extruding of plasticity reaming internal spline: after phosphatization, saponification are processed, extrusion behind the tube reducing is put into cold-extruded reaming die, utilize punch that B end surface endoporus is carried out the cold extrusion reaming, form B end surface inwall spline segment, and the inside and outside footpath of B end surface enlarges, and forms annular lug 10 on the cylindrical simultaneously; Described cold-extruded reaming die comprises punch 14, upper cavity die 15, lower cavity die 16, Pre-stress cover 17 and stripping attachment 18, and described stripping attachment 18 is located at the bottom of lower cavity die 16, and Pre-stress cover 17 is arranged on the outside of upper cavity die 15, lower cavity die 16; Described die is spliced to form by the upper cavity die 15 with different extruding die cavities, lower cavity die 16, and the cylindrical shape of the cold-extruded part of the upper cavity die 15 that is spliced to form and the extruding die cavity of lower cavity die 16 and power takeoff driving shaft is adaptive; Described upper cavity die 15 and lower cavity die 16 are by Pre-stress cover 17 fixing splicings, and described upper cavity die 15 can move along the inwall of Pre-stress cover 17 and separate with lower cavity die 16; The extruding die cavity of described upper cavity die 15 is large and small cylindrical die cavity and the adapter cavity between them from top to bottom, and described upper cavity die 15 is split-type structural, and it is surrounded by three die lobes 19 and forms, and the profile of described upper cavity die 15 is the inversed taper platform structure; Described lower cavity die 16 is provided with annular groove chamber 20 at the inwall of splicing place, and the annular lug 10 on annular groove chamber 20 and the power takeoff driving shaft cylindrical is complementary; Described punch 14 is large, medium and small cylindrical section and they changeover portion between separately from top to bottom, is provided with spline tooth on the outer wall of described middle cylindrical section;
F, rolling extrusion: to the cold extrusion of rolling of the hollow shaft A section after the plasticity reaming, make A section outer wall form straight-tooth periphery 11.
Embodiment two: with embodiment one, difference only is provided with annular groove chamber 20 for described upper cavity die 15 at the inwall of splicing place, and the annular lug 10 on annular groove chamber 20 and the power takeoff driving shaft cylindrical is complementary.
Embodiment three: with embodiment one, difference only is provided with annular groove chamber 20 for described upper cavity die 15 and lower cavity die 16 are incorporated on the inwall of splicing place, and annular groove chamber 20 is complementary with annular lug 10 on the power takeoff driving shaft cylindrical.
Embodiment is just for the ease of understanding technical scheme of the present invention; do not consist of limiting the scope of the invention; every interior any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification of perhaps according to technical spirit of the present invention above scheme being done that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention all still belongs within the protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique comprises the steps:
A, intercepting bar, the extruding pre-treatment;
B, deep extrusion and punching: the blank that phospholeumization is good is put into back extrusion concave, punch carries out backward extrusion to the upper surface of blank, form deep hole and with the garden tubular of bottom, adopt tubular bottom, forcing press stamping-out garden, the center that forms axis body is shaped with the hollow shaft of a through hole;
C, forward extrusion: hollow shaft just put into squeeze die, utilize punch to inner chamber and the top forward extrusion of hollow shaft, formed identical and external diameter is not of uniform size two sections hollow shaft A and B and their changeover portion of internal diameter;
D, diameter reducing extrusion: above-mentioned hollow shaft is inverted in the diameter reducing extrusion die, and section carries out diameter reducing extrusion to the large outer diameter A of hollow shaft, and the A section external diameter behind the tube reducing is still greater than B section external diameter;
E, the extruding of plasticity reaming internal spline: extrusion behind the tube reducing is put into cold-extruded reaming die, utilize punch that B end surface endoporus is carried out the cold extrusion reaming, form B end surface inwall spline segment, and the inside and outside footpath of B end surface enlarges formation annular lug ⑽ on the while cylindrical;
F, rolling extrusion: to the cold extrusion of rolling of the hollow shaft A section after the plasticity reaming, make A section outer wall form straight-tooth periphery ⑾.
2. power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described forward extrusion is two step forward extrusions, and a step connects extruding and forms little external diameter B section, and two step forward extrusions form large outer diameter A section.
3. power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described cold-extruded reaming die comprises punch ⒁, upper cavity die ⒂, lower cavity die ⒃, Pre-stress cover ⒄ and stripping attachment ⒅, described stripping attachment ⒅ is located at the bottom of lower cavity die ⒃, and Pre-stress cover ⒄ is arranged on the outside of upper cavity die ⒂, lower cavity die ⒃; Described die is spliced to form by the upper cavity die ⒂ with different extruding die cavities, lower cavity die ⒃, and the cylindrical shape of the cold-extruded part of the upper cavity die ⒂ that is spliced to form and the extruding die cavity of lower cavity die ⒃ and power takeoff driving shaft is adaptive; It is characterized in that: described upper cavity die ⒂ and lower cavity die ⒃ are by the fixing splicing of Pre-stress cover ⒄, and described upper cavity die ⒂ can move along the inwall of Pre-stress cover ⒄ and separate with lower cavity die ⒃; The extruding die cavity of described upper cavity die ⒂ is large and small cylindrical die cavity and the adapter cavity between them from top to bottom; Described punch ⒁ is large, medium and small cylindrical section and they changeover portion between separately from top to bottom, is provided with spline tooth on the outer wall of described middle cylindrical section.
4. power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described upper cavity die ⒂ is split-type structural, it is surrounded by two or more die lobe ⒆ and forms.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming techniques, it is characterized in that: the profile of described upper cavity die ⒂ is the inversed taper platform structure.
6. it is characterized in that according to claim 3 or 4 described power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming techniques: described upper cavity die ⒂ or lower cavity die ⒃ or upper cavity die ⒂ and lower cavity die ⒃ are incorporated on the inwall of splicing place and are provided with annular groove chamber ⒇.
7. power takeoff driving shaft cold closed-die forging plastic forming technique according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described upper cavity die ⒂ or lower cavity die ⒃ or upper cavity die ⒂ and lower cavity die ⒃ are incorporated on the inwall of splicing place and are provided with annular groove chamber ⒇.
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