CN103567763B - A kind of extrusion forming method of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part - Google Patents
A kind of extrusion forming method of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part Download PDFInfo
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- CN103567763B CN103567763B CN201310548402.0A CN201310548402A CN103567763B CN 103567763 B CN103567763 B CN 103567763B CN 201310548402 A CN201310548402 A CN 201310548402A CN 103567763 B CN103567763 B CN 103567763B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
- B21C23/205—Making products of generally elongated shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of extrusion forming method of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, specific as follows: (1), sawing, jumping-up preform, blank is put into jumping-up die and uses jumping-up punch to carry out jumping-up, form jumping-up blank, (2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, preform punch is replaced jumping-up punch, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to jumping-up blank, form pre-formed, (3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, whole forming terrace die drift is replaced preform punch, jumping-up die is replaced with whole female die for forming, pre-formed is in vacant state when being placed in whole female die for forming die cavity, the head of the first paragraph shaft of whole forming terrace die drift directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft of whole forming terrace die drift just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic extrusion molding technology, particularly a kind of extrusion forming method of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part.
Background technology
Large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part 90 as shown in Figure 1, it is of a size of φ 600*1400mm, belongs to heavy parts, and except outside is tapered, its inner chamber is also in biconial.As shown in Fig. 2 ~ Fig. 5, conventional extruded method, blank 991 jumping-up is formed jumping-up part 992, re-use punch 30 to extrude along the barrel of jumping-up part 992, material can flow to punch 30 motion rightabout, punch 30 downwards extruding is darker, barrel area is upwards grown up, increase along barrel direction frictional force, and grow up along with barrel area, between these newborn areas and punch 30, die 40 surface unlubricated dose, coefficient of friction increases, large between 0.5-1, be also the factor that frictional force increases; In addition, along with area is grown up, punch 30 is subject to material deformation drag in direction component increase vertically upward, result is easily brought the insufficient strength of punch and produces breakage phenomenon, secondly, for the cone cylinder of φ 600*1400, direct squeeze pressure reaches 6000 tons, therefore needs the cone cylinder adopting new special dies structure and new specific process to solve φ 600*1400 to be squeezed on 1000 tons of extruders.
Summary of the invention
It is laborsaving that the object of the invention is to provide a kind of extruding, can use the extrusion forming method of little tonnage presses machine, little shut height extruder molding large long cone loudspeaker barrier part.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
An extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, sawing---jumping-up preform---once straight wall cylinder of extruding domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium platform gold or aluminium alloy, blank heating-up temperature 350 °-400 °, by jumping-up die heating-up temperature 420 °, the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, blank being put into jumping-up die uses jumping-up punch to carry out jumping-up, forms jumping-up blank;
(2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect above-mentioned (1) step and preform punch is replaced jumping-up punch, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to jumping-up blank, employing domed bottom extrudes, the head design of corresponding preform punch becomes hemispherical, preform punch shaft is little by reaction force, and jumping-up blank upper end is along the die cavity upwards free Plastic Flow of die, form typical backward extrusion, after having extruded, jumping-up blank is extruded and forms pre-formed, pre-formed entirety is cup-shaped, the outer cone wall of the cup bottom of pre-formed is corresponding to the die cavity of jumping-up die unanimously, the side of the central lumen of cup is straight wall, bottom is in hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect above-mentioned (2) step and whole forming terrace die drift is replaced preform punch, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift is consistent with the inner chamber that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, and be divided into three sections, the head of first paragraph shaft is hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft is right cylinder, 3rd section of shaft is also tapered, the first paragraph shaft of whole forming terrace die drift and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, jumping-up die is replaced with whole female die for forming, whole female die for forming die cavity is consistent with the profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, because the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, outer cone wall bottom, the cup bottom size of pre-formed is corresponding to the die cavity of jumping-up die unanimously, so pre-formed is in vacant state when being placed in whole female die for forming die cavity, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, pre-formed is headed into below whole female die for forming die cavity, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not also directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
The extrusion forming method of described a kind of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, main extrusion equipment relates to a kind of extrusion molding assembling die of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, comprises general cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, punch, die, shedding mechanism; Described punch is fixed on cope match-plate pattern with detachable substitute mode, and punch comprises three punches, and be jumping-up punch, preform punch, whole forming terrace die drift respectively, concrete steps are further:
(1), sawing-jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, blank heating-up temperature 350 °-400 °, cope match-plate pattern is fixed with jumping-up punch, first paragraph die becomes heading die with lower bolster fixed Combination, heading die heating-up temperature 420 °, oil base graphite selected by lubricant, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank is carried out jumping-up preform in the die cavity of the first paragraph die of heading die, forms jumping-up blank;
(2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect the heading die described in above-mentioned steps (1), preform punch is replaced jumping-up punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, shedding mechanism is fixed on above first paragraph die and forms piece pre-forming die, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to the cup shell bottom spherical, cup shell upper end bottom spherical is along the die cavity upwards free Plastic Flow of the first paragraph die of piece pre-forming die, form typical case anti-crowded, after having extruded, cup shell bottom spherical is formed pre-formed, bottom the central lumen of pre-formed in hemispherical side be straight wall, preform punch is up with extruder, pre-formed that is nested with on preform punch is unloaded by shedding mechanism, pre-formed the die cavity still falling into first paragraph die,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect the piece pre-forming die described in above-mentioned steps (2), whole forming terrace die drift is replaced preform punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, second segment die supporter is formed whole shaping dies between first paragraph die and lower bolster, whole forming terrace die drift comprises first paragraph shaft, second segment bar and the 3rd section of shaft, first paragraph shaft and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, pre-formed is headed in the empty die cavity of below second segment die, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not also directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed, so second segment shaft is not by resistance, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift is up with extruder, the long cone loudspeaker barrier part be nested with on whole forming terrace die drift unloads by shedding mechanism, long cone loudspeaker barrier part still falls into the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
Ejecting mechanism is provided with between the first paragraph die of described step (1) heading die and the piece pre-forming die described in step (2) and lower bolster, ejecting mechanism is by profiling backing plate, top board, push rod forms, profiling backing plate is placed in the middle part of lower bolster, the upper end of profiling backing plate forms the boss adapted with long top nest of boring loudspeaker barrier part, push-rod hole is formed in the middle part of profiling backing plate, the middle part of lower bolster is provided with the through hole coaxial with push-rod hole, push rod is placed in the through hole of push-rod hole and lower bolster, the lower surface of top board is provided with the cavity adapted with the boss of profiling backing plate, top board is nested with by cavity on profiling backing plate with coordinating of boss, the same limit of top board is equipped with backing plate, when needing the whole shaping dies described piece pre-forming die being combined into described step (3), top board and backing plate are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die supporter between first paragraph die and lower bolster, finally above-mentioned step (3) increases by a step again, discharging structure is removed from first paragraph die, long cone loudspeaker barrier part ejects by push rod rising from the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
The inventive method increases the extrusion molding of one cup shell in traditional cone part extrusion process, form two passage pressing methods, make pre-formed of cup-shaped of whole contoured squeeze original state in the die cavity of whole female die for forming time be in the vacant state of vacant state, laborsaving, whole forming terrace die not frangibility, only need little shut height, little tonnage extruder just extrusion molding length can bore loudspeaker barrier part, breach for more than 1m length, the long cone loudspeaker barrier part of diameter phi more than 600 adopts in conventional extruded and uses large-tonnage, the restriction of large shut height extruder, solve the difficulty run in shaping long cone loudspeaker barrier part technique in common extrusion forming technology to be shaped, consume the large large-tonnage extruder of the energy to use, the problem that die shut height is larger, there is provided one can under mass production environment, use little tonnage presses machine, the method of little shut height die forming typhon barrier part.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part;
Fig. 2 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up original state figure;
Fig. 3 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up end of a period state diagram;
Fig. 4 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding original state figure;
Fig. 5 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding end of a period state diagram;
Fig. 6 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up original state figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up end of a period state diagram of the present invention; ;
Fig. 8 is cup shell squeezed state figure bottom large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part spherical of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding original state figure of the present invention;
Figure 10 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram one;
Figure 11 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram two;
Figure 12 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram three;
Figure 13 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding end of a period state diagram of the present invention;
Figure 14 is cup shell sectional view bottom large-scale long spherical of boring loudspeaker barrier part of the present invention;
Figure 15 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part sectional view of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the assembling schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when pier is thick;
Figure 17 is the installation diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when preform;
Figure 18 is the assembling schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when being shaped eventually;
Figure 19 is the second segment die schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the first paragraph die schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 21 be in Figure 20 B to sectional view;
Figure 22 be in Figure 20 C to sectional view;
Figure 23 is imperial material bolt front view;
Figure 24 is imperial flitch front view;
Figure 25 is the preform drift schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 26 is the whole forming punch schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 27 is the profiling backing plate schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.
An extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, sawing---jumping-up preform---once straight wall cylinder of extruding domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, blank 99 heating-up temperature 350 °-400 °, by jumping-up die 401 heating-up temperature 420 °, putting into jumping-up die 401 uses jumping-up punch 31 to carry out jumping-up, and the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401 is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9 (as shown in figure 14), forms jumping-up blank 995 (as shown in Figure 7);
(2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, as shown in Figure 8, connect above-mentioned (1) step and preform punch 32 is replaced jumping-up punch 31, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to jumping-up blank 995, employing domed bottom extrudes, the head 321 of corresponding preform punch 32 is designed to hemispherical, intensity height not frangibility, adopt the extruding of straight tube wall, compare present tapered wall extruding contact area little, preform punch 32 shaft is little by reaction force, and jumping-up blank 995 upper end is along the die cavity 402 upwards free Plastic Flow of die 401, form typical backward extrusion, required extruder tonnage is little, after having extruded, jumping-up blank 995 is extruded and forms pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 overall cup-shaped (as shown in figure 14), the outer cone wall 971 of the cup bottom of pre-formed 97 is corresponding unanimously to the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, the side 95 of the central lumen 96 of cup is in straight wall, bottom 94 is in hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced preform punch 32, as Fig. 9, Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is consistent with the inner chamber 91 that length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9, and be divided into three sections, the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332 is in hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft 333 is right cylinder, 3rd section of shaft 334 is also tapered, the first paragraph shaft 332 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and second segment shaft 333 diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch 32, jumping-up die 401 is replaced with whole female die for forming 409, whole female die for forming 409 die cavity 408 is consistent with the profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9 (as shown in Figure 1), because the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401 is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9 (as shown in Figure 1), outer cone wall 971 bottom, the cup bottom size of pre-formed 97 is corresponding unanimously to the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, so be in vacant state (as shown in Figure 9) when being placed in whole female die for forming 409 die cavity 408 for pre-formed 97, the head 331 (as shown in Figure 9) of first paragraph shaft 332 directly acts on the domed bottom 94 of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 is headed into below whole female die for forming 409 die cavity 408, there is stretcher strain in the bottom 94 of pre-formed 97 herein, be different from existing crimp, suffered by the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332, reaction force is little, in addition, second segment shaft 333 does not also directly contact with the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, so second segment shaft 333 is not by resistance, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft 334 just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
The present invention increases by one cup shell extrusion molding in traditional cone part extrusion process, make pre-formed 97 of cup-shaped of whole contoured squeeze original state in the die cavity 408 of whole female die for forming 409 time be in the vacant state (as shown in Figure 9) of vacant state, pre-formed 97 in the descending process of whole forming terrace die drift 33 directly with domed bottom 94 contact, the effect of the cone wall that outer cone wall 971 is subject to whole female die for forming 409 upwards support force and frictional force, the outer cone wall 971 of pre-formed 97 is indeformable, and position is also constant; Along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, the spherical head 331 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 stings 94 formation pit 93 (as shown in Figure 10) at the bottom of the hemispherical of pre-formed 97 in top downwards, along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, continue thorn bottom, top 94, bottom 94 is thinning, evagination (as shown in figure 11); Along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending again, whole 3rd section of shaft 334 of forming terrace die drift 33 and the conical surface of first paragraph shaft 332 and pre-formed 97 dozens lean on, the partial sidewall conical surface normal direction Upsetting of pre-formed 97 thus complete enlarging, shaping (as shown in figure 12), has to the last extruded and has formed long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 (as shown in figure 15).
The present invention becomes in extrusion process to be divided into two stages eventually, as Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, shown in Figure 13, first stage, the flow of material of pre-formed 97 is to die cavity 408 cone mouth of whole female die for forming 409, lower end size is more and more less, the radial pressure effect with being tangentially subject to die cavity 408 of material, but be axially the pulling force effect by whole forming terrace die drift 33, the lower end material of pre-formed 97 forms the taper of point point, interior profile does not occur penetrating, the bottom 94 of pre-formed 97 reaches pointed cone solid shape (as Figure 11, shown in Figure 12), second stage, whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, the 3rd section of shaft 334 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 leans on the sidewall 95 dozens of pre-formed 97, the upper end enlarging of sidewall 95, the conical surface is formed, stress state is radial compressive stress, tangential stress, axial compression stress, be shaped from entity forming bottom the first stage Tapered Cup of pre-formed 97 to second stage sidewall 95 like this, it is that to draw two pressures and second stage to expand stomatoplastic stress state be two pressure one tension states that the Tapered Cup bottom first stage stretches the stress state pulling into shape, from the principle, avoid the three-dimensional compressive stress state that average crushing force in forming process is very large, recycling sidewall friction power and the flying shore form of pre-formed 97 change the stress state of deformation process, material deformation drag is very little, just reach material flow intensity, reduce squeeze pressure, be shaped in the descending process of whole whole forming terrace die drift 33 eventually in addition, whole forming terrace die drift 33, space between whole female die for forming 409 and cup-shaped pre-formed 97 is larger, can store up and stay a large amount of lubricant, making to be shaped eventually, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is descending to start to ending, the deformation area newly increased has enough lubricant lubrications all the time, coefficient of friction is all the time between 0.05-0.2, much less than the coefficient of friction of conventional extruded of coefficient of friction, this is also unsettled cup-shaped pre-formed 97 can reduce extruding force in extrusion process, make another principal element that the stress of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is improved, 3rd, need not worry to undercut in portion's process in support, the cup of pre-formed 97 can be broken, the cup of pre-formed 97 is stressed is axial compression stress, this axial compression stress is after 94 material transfer of bottom, along with whole forming terrace die drift 33, whole female die for forming 409 gap reduces this part material by normal direction Upsetting, along whole forming terrace die drift 33, the both direction flowing up and down of whole female die for forming 409 gap, cup part is had to cup upper end and forms extrusion stress, and extrusion stress is the power of opposing cracking, therefore this method is for taper, tubaeform extrusion distortion is safety, reliably.
This manufacturing process of the present invention not only can be applied to non through hole Tapered Cup, also can be applicable to the Tapered Cup of head with through hole, thus solves that Tapered Cup stress is large, mould strength requirement is high, the technical barrier of punch frangibility.
A kind of extrusion molding assembling die 1 of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part is provided according to above extrusion molding principle, as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, comprises universal upper die plate 2, punch 3, die 4, lower bolster 5, shedding mechanism 6; The extrusion molding assembling die 1 of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part is for extrusion molding long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9.
Described punch 3 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode, as used screw 22 and pin 23, punch 3 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, punch 3 comprises three punches, is jumping-up punch 31, preform punch 32, whole forming terrace die drift 33 respectively.
As shown in figure 16, the shaft tubbiness of described jumping-up punch 31 is right cylinder shape, and head 311 is plane, and afterbody is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode by screw 22 and pin 23.
As shown in Figure 17, Figure 25, the shaft tubbiness of described preform punch 32 is right cylinder shape, and head 321 is hemispherical, and afterbody is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 by screw 22 and pin 23 with detachable substitute mode; Middle part 322, in hollow, adopt hollow-core construction to make the material quenching degree of preform punch 32 good, increases toughness.
As Figure 18, Figure 26, Fig. 1, shown in Figure 15, the shaft shape of described whole forming terrace die drift 33 is consistent with the inner chamber 91 that length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9, and be divided into three sections, the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332, shaft is tapered, second segment shaft 333 is right cylinder, 3rd section of shaft 334 is also tapered, wherein first paragraph shaft 332 and the angle α of axis are less than the angle 1 of the 3rd section of shaft 334 and axis, first paragraph shaft 332 is mainly used in the bottom squeeze distortion of the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, 3rd section of shaft 334 is mainly used in the oral area enlarging crimp of the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, second segment shaft 333 is connected between first paragraph shaft 332 and the 3rd section of shaft 334 and mainly plays transition prolongation effect, if the shorter right cylinder design also can cancelling second segment shaft 333 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 length, first paragraph shaft 332 is directly allowed to be connected with the 3rd section of shaft 334, if long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 length is longer, the corresponding lengthening of second segment shaft 333 meeting, the afterbody of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode by screw 22 and pin 23.In addition, the first paragraph shaft 332 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and second segment shaft 333 diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch 32, the shaft of whole forming terrace die drift 33, also in hollow, adopt hollow-core construction to make the material quenching degree of whole forming terrace die drift 33 good, increases toughness.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, shown in Figure 20, die 4 carries out horizontal parting, comprise first paragraph die 41, second segment die 42, on the fixing lower bolster 5 of first paragraph die 41 activity, as Figure 16, shown in Figure 17, first paragraph die 41 is fixed on lower bolster 5 by bolt 81, second segment die 42 is fixed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5 can dismantle mode, as shown in figure 18, second segment die 42 is fixed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5 by changing spiro rod length than the longer bolt 82 of bolt 81, certainly, first paragraph die 41 also can directly be fixed on lower bolster 5 by bolt 82, and must not change bolt, this is depending on working condition.
As shown in Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, the die cavity 43 of described first paragraph die 41 and the long upper opening section conical surface 92 of bore loudspeaker barrier part 9 of extrusion molding consistent, the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 is mainly used in the extrusion molding of the jumping-up of blank and the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97 and the long upper opening section conical surface 92 of cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 and the enlarging shaping of inner chamber 91; The die cavity 44 of described second segment die 42 is consistent with the lower tapered surface 93 that extrusion molding length bores loudspeaker barrier part 9, and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42 is mainly used in the lower tapered surface 93 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 and long bottom stretching extrusion molding of boring the inner chamber 91 of loudspeaker barrier part 9.
As shown in Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, the lower surface of first paragraph die 41 is provided with seam 45, coordinates, play the role of positioning with the upper end 46 of second segment die 42, ensures the concentricity of the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 20, shown in Figure 21 ~ Figure 24, the periphery of the upper end of first paragraph die 41 is provided with T-slot 47, shedding mechanism 6 comprises pull bar 61, stripper 62, the shape of T-shaped bar is made at pull bar 61 two, the through hole 64 that all can pass for preform punch 32 and whole forming terrace die drift 33 is provided with in the middle part of stripper 62, the periphery of stripper 62 has the position groove corresponding with T-slot 47 63, pull bar 61 1 holdings are in groove 63, pull bar 61 1 holdings are in T-slot 47, shedding mechanism 6 removably holding at the periphery of the upper end of first paragraph die 41, it is a kind of large-scale shedding mechanism being convenient to handling flexibly.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, shown in Figure 27, ejecting mechanism 7 is by profiling backing plate 71, top board 72, push rod 73 forms, profiling backing plate 71 is placed in the middle part of lower bolster 5, the upper end of profiling backing plate 71 forms the boss 74 adapted with long top nest 94 (as shown in figure 15) of boring loudspeaker barrier part 9, push-rod hole 75 is formed in the middle part of profiling backing plate 71, the middle part of lower bolster 5 is provided with the through hole 51 coaxial with push-rod hole 75, push rod 73 is placed in push-rod hole 75 and through hole 51, certainly, profiling backing plate 71 can be integrally formed with lower bolster 5, as long as need to offer a push rod to wear hole, the lower surface of top board 72 is provided with the cavity 75 adapted with the boss 74 of profiling backing plate 71, top board 72 is nested with by cavity 75 on profiling backing plate 71 with coordinating of boss 74, the peripheral sleeve of top board 72 is equipped with backing plate 52, certainly, top board 72 and backing plate 52 can be integrally formed, top board 72 is removably placed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5 together with backing plate 52.
The structural advantages of this cover extrusion molding assembling die 1:
1, on same set of mould, adopt shared part and detachable part to realize jumping-up, preform, the whole forming technology of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 by the mode of combination, as shown in figure 16, jumping-up punch 31 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, first paragraph die 41 is fixed on lower bolster 5, and extrusion molding assembling die 1 becomes the jumping-up that heading die can be used for blank, as shown in figure 17, preform punch 32 being replaced jumping-up punch 31 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, pull bar 61 one end holding of shedding mechanism 6 is in groove 63, pull bar 61 one end holding is in the T-slot 47 of first paragraph die 41, stripper 6 is fixed on above first paragraph die 41, form piece pre-forming die, preform punch 32 is through central lumen 96 extrusion molding of stripper 6 through hole 64 for performing member 97, when preform punch 32 exits from central lumen 96, performing member 97 scrapes from preform punch 32 by stripper 62, performing member 97 still falls into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41, as shown in figure 18, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced preform punch 32 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, top board 72 and backing plate 52 are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die 42, shedding mechanism 6 is still fixed on first paragraph die 41, form whole shaping dies, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is through the extrusion molding of stripper 6 through hole 64 for long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9.
2, by laterally dividing mode structure by die, as shown in figure 18, be divided into first paragraph die 41 and second segment die 42 two parts, first paragraph die 41 becomes general die, saves mold materials and processing cost; Die 4 structure also can divide three sections, occupy and even also can be divided into more multistage according to long cone loudspeaker barrier part length, like this length is bored loudspeaker barrier part from holding to small end one section of one section of progressive forming greatly, solve the problem that press tonnage is inadequate, also punch draw ratio is solved too large, punch unstability, the problem offseting, fracture, can as the method and structure of elongated part difficulty extruding.
3, can the stripper structure 6 of push-and-pull pull bar flexibly, as Figure 17 and Figure 18, pull bar 61 can slide in T-slot 47 in push-and-pull, when needs device for discharging, pull bar 61 inserts in T-slot 47, preform punch 32 or whole forming terrace die drift 33 are driven up by press, performing member 97 scrapes from preform punch 32 and is maybe scraped from whole forming terrace die drift 33 by length cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 by stripper 62, as shown in figure 16, when blank jumping-up, stripper structure 6 is not needed to be fixed on first paragraph die 41, stripper 62 is taken off, this avoid traditional stripper and be fixed on by screw the shortcoming that cope match-plate pattern loads and unloads inconvenience.
4, post rod mechanism 7, as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, although profiling backing plate 71, push rod 73 form General top linkage, but only in the end in one part, play a part to eject long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, profiling backing plate 71 not only plays the effect of the top nest 94 of extrusion molding long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 but also plays push rod 73 guide effect in addition.
Applying above-mentioned extrusion molding assembling die 1 for the long method of boring loudspeaker barrier part 9 of extrusion molding is: sawing---jumping-up preform---once straight wall cylinder of extruding domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
1, sawing-jumping-up preform, select equipment 1000 tons of extruders, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, as shown in figure 16, extrusion molding assembling die 1 is combined into heading die heating-up temperature 420 ° by blank heating-up temperature 350 °-400 °, and oil base graphite selected by lubricant, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank 98 is carried out jumping-up preform in the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41, forms jumping-up blank 98;
2, once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, as shown in Figure 17 and Figure 16, content is compared, extrusion molding assembling die 1 adds shedding mechanism 6, preform punch 32 being replaced jumping-up punch 31 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, all the other all parts are constant, here adopt and use mould parts, save die cost, extrusion molding assembling die 1 is combined into piece pre-forming die, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to jumping-up blank 98, employing domed bottom extrudes, the head 321 of corresponding preform punch 32 is designed to hemispherical, intensity height not frangibility, adopt the extruding of straight tube wall, compare present tapered wall extruding contact area little, preform punch 32 shaft is little by reaction force, and jumping-up blank 98 upper end is along the die cavity 43 upwards free Plastic Flow of first paragraph die 41, form typical backward extrusion, required extruder tonnage is little, after having extruded, jumping-up blank 98 is formed pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 overall cup-shaped (as shown in figure 14), the outer cone wall 971 of the cup bottom of pre-formed 97 is corresponding unanimously to the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, the side 95 of the central lumen 96 of cup is in straight wall, bottom 94 is in hemispherical, preform punch 32 is up with extruder, pre-formed 97 that is nested with on preform punch 32 is unloaded by shedding mechanism 6, still fall into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 for pre-formed 97,
3, secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, as shown in figure 18, connect the piece pre-forming die described in above-mentioned 2nd step, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced preform punch 32 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, top board 72 and backing plate 52 are taken off simultaneously, second segment die 42 pad is put between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 51, shedding mechanism 6 is still fixed on first paragraph die 41, form whole shaping dies, because the first paragraph shaft 332 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and second segment shaft 333 diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch 32, the head 331 (as shown in figure 26) of first paragraph shaft 332 directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 is headed in the empty die cavity 44 of below second segment die 42, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed 97 herein, be different from existing crimp, suffered by the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332, reaction force is little, in addition, second segment shaft 333 does not also directly contact with the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, so second segment shaft 333 is not by resistance, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft 334 just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift 33 is up with extruder, the long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 be nested with on whole forming terrace die drift 33 unloads by shedding mechanism 6, long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 still falls into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42, stripper structure 6 is removed from first paragraph die 41, push rod 73 rises and to be ejected from the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42 by long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9.
What die transversal sectional formula structure was led in the present invention realizes two passage extrusion forming methods, achieve extruding laborsaving, adopt little shut height (2600mm), little tonnage (1000 tons) extruder just can realize the extruding to long cone loudspeaker barrier part, breach for more than 1m length, the long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 of diameter phi more than 600 adopts in conventional extruded and uses large-tonnage (6000 tons), the restriction of large shut height (4800mm) extruder, solve the difficulty run in shaping long cone loudspeaker barrier part technique in common extrusion forming technology to be shaped, consume the large large-tonnage extruder of the energy to use, the problem of die shut height comparatively large (4500mm), there is provided one can under mass production environment, use little tonnage presses machine, the mould structure of little shut height die forming typhon part and method.
Claims (3)
1. an extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, is characterized in that: sawing---jumping-up preform---once straight wall cylinder of extruding domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, blank heating-up temperature 350 DEG C-400 DEG C, by jumping-up die heating-up temperature 420 DEG C, the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, blank being put into jumping-up die uses jumping-up punch to carry out jumping-up, forms jumping-up blank;
(2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect above-mentioned (1) step preform punch and replace jumping-up punch, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to jumping-up blank, employing domed bottom extrudes, the head design of corresponding preform punch becomes hemispherical, preform punch shaft is little by reaction force, and jumping-up blank upper end is along the die cavity upwards free Plastic Flow of die, form typical backward extrusion, after having extruded, jumping-up blank is extruded and forms pre-formed, pre-formed entirety is cup-shaped, the outer cone wall of the cup bottom of pre-formed is corresponding to the die cavity of jumping-up die unanimously, the side of the central lumen of cup is straight wall, bottom is in hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect the whole forming terrace die drift of above-mentioned (2) step and replace preform punch, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift is consistent with the inner chamber that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, and be divided into three sections, the head of first paragraph shaft is hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft is right cylinder, 3rd section of shaft is also tapered, the first paragraph shaft of whole forming terrace die drift and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, jumping-up die is replaced with whole female die for forming, whole female die for forming die cavity is consistent with the profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, because the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile that length bores loudspeaker barrier part, outer cone wall bottom, the cup bottom size of pre-formed is corresponding to the die cavity of jumping-up die unanimously, so pre-formed is in vacant state when being placed in whole female die for forming die cavity, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, pre-formed is headed into below whole female die for forming die cavity, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not also directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
2. the extrusion forming method of a kind of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: main extrusion equipment relates to a kind of extrusion molding assembling die of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, comprises general cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, punch, die, shedding mechanism; Described punch is fixed on cope match-plate pattern with detachable substitute mode, and punch comprises three punches, and be jumping-up punch, preform punch, whole forming terrace die drift respectively, concrete steps are further:
(1), sawing-jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, blank heating-up temperature 350 DEG C-400 DEG C, cope match-plate pattern is fixed with jumping-up punch, first paragraph die becomes heading die with lower bolster fixed Combination, heading die heating-up temperature 420 DEG C, oil base graphite selected by lubricant, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank is carried out jumping-up preform in the die cavity of the first paragraph die of heading die, forms jumping-up blank;
(2), once extrude the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect the heading die described in above-mentioned steps (1), replacing jumping-up punch with preform punch is fixed on cope match-plate pattern, shedding mechanism is fixed on above first paragraph die and forms piece pre-forming die, the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom is carried out to the cup shell bottom spherical, cup shell upper end bottom spherical is along the die cavity upwards free Plastic Flow of the first paragraph die of piece pre-forming die, form typical case anti-crowded, after having extruded, cup shell bottom spherical is formed pre-formed, bottom the central lumen of pre-formed in hemispherical side be straight wall, preform punch is up with extruder, pre-formed that is nested with on preform punch is unloaded by shedding mechanism, pre-formed the die cavity still falling into first paragraph die,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect the piece pre-forming die described in above-mentioned steps (2), replacing preform punch with whole forming terrace die drift is fixed on cope match-plate pattern, second segment die supporter is formed whole shaping dies between first paragraph die and lower bolster, whole forming terrace die drift comprises first paragraph shaft, second segment bar and the 3rd section of shaft, first paragraph shaft and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, pre-formed is headed in the empty die cavity of below second segment die, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not also directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed, so second segment shaft is not by resistance, when extruding finally completes, 3rd section of shaft just utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port contact of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift is up with extruder, the long cone loudspeaker barrier part be nested with on whole forming terrace die drift unloads by shedding mechanism, long cone loudspeaker barrier part still falls into the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
3. the extrusion forming method of a kind of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: between the first paragraph die of described step (1) heading die and the piece pre-forming die described in step (2) and lower bolster, be provided with ejecting mechanism, ejecting mechanism is by profiling backing plate, top board, push rod forms, profiling backing plate is placed in the middle part of lower bolster, the upper end of profiling backing plate forms the boss adapted with long top nest of boring loudspeaker barrier part, push-rod hole is formed in the middle part of profiling backing plate, the middle part of lower bolster is provided with the through hole coaxial with push-rod hole, push rod is placed in the through hole of push-rod hole and lower bolster, the lower surface of top board is provided with the cavity adapted with the boss of profiling backing plate, top board is nested with by cavity on profiling backing plate with coordinating of boss, the same limit of top board is equipped with backing plate, when needing the whole shaping dies described piece pre-forming die being combined into described step (3), top board and backing plate are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die supporter between first paragraph die and lower bolster, finally above-mentioned step (3) increases by a step again, discharging structure is removed from first paragraph die, long cone loudspeaker barrier part ejects by push rod rising from the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
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| CN104438408B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-07-13 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy bipyramid special-shape deep-hole part blank extrusion process |
| CN105666048A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-06-15 | 重庆文理学院 | Aluminum alloy shell body with long-thin-deep blind hole and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN113059012B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 中北大学 | Extrusion-stretching composite forming method for large-height-diameter-ratio conical cylinder |
| CN113059011B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 中北大学 | Extrusion and stretching composite forming equipment for forming large conical cylinder |
| CN113102532B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-03-25 | 中北大学 | Labor-saving forming method suitable for large-size thin-wall conical shell |
| CN113210553B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2023-04-25 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | Prestressed porous anchorage processing equipment and process |
| CN113369325B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-08-09 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Extrusion forming process |
| CN114346149A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 苏州昆仑重型装备制造有限公司 | Large-scale step barrel forging die |
| PL442828A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-20 | Politechnika Wrocławska | Method of shaping a spherical recess on the front surface of an engine valve in the process of its co-extrusion and hot forging |
| CN117718431B (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-06-18 | 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy conical cylinder |
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