CN102463320A - Cold forging precise forming process for mechanical transmission gear shaft - Google Patents
Cold forging precise forming process for mechanical transmission gear shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN102463320A CN102463320A CN2010105523816A CN201010552381A CN102463320A CN 102463320 A CN102463320 A CN 102463320A CN 2010105523816 A CN2010105523816 A CN 2010105523816A CN 201010552381 A CN201010552381 A CN 201010552381A CN 102463320 A CN102463320 A CN 102463320A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold forging precise forming process for a mechanical transmission gear shaft. The process comprises the following steps of: blanking, annealing, performing shot blasting, phosphatizing, saponifying, performing reducing extrusion, performing upsetting extrusion, performing small-end reducing extrusion, and reversely extruding an inner bore. By the process, blanks are processed by a cold forging precise forming mold and are machined to form finished products, so that the process has a simple production process flow, toothed holes in the wall of the inner bore at a large end have high intensity and high consistency, an outer wall is convenient to hob after a small end is subjected to reducing extrusion, and the process is suitable for mass production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cold-forging precise forming technique technical field, relate to a kind of cold-forging technique of gear shaft, relate in particular to a kind of actuating motor mechanical driving gearshaft cold-forging precise forming technique that slows down.
Background technology
The mechanical drive gear axle is the mechanical part that is used for transmitting motion and moment of torsion in the isolator assembly, the deboost axle on the actuating motor specifically.The gear shaft profile is made up of big end and small end; And big end has rectangle endoporus and profile of tooth blind hole, and traditional diamond-making technique is that profile and interior square hole pass through cutting or forging and molding, and the profile of tooth blind hole is because anti-crowded deflection is extremely low; Substantially exceed the ultimate deformation amount that cold forging allows; Mould bears extrusion pressure and reaches 400Kg/mm2, and the mould that also substantially exceeds 250～300Kg/mm2 bears the limit, and general forging can't be carried out; Can only hole earlier and cut, the shortcoming of boring cut is that profile of tooth undercapacity, uniformity are poor, production efficiency is low and waste material.Chinese patent publication number CN101602157 discloses a kind of production technology of speed reducer output shaft, may further comprise the steps: a, purchase raw material; B, blanking; C, be heated to 1120-1200 ℃; D, step c heated raw materials is pulled out on the pneumatic hammer swage block, round as a ball on movable swage block, shaping forge the cylinder that meets the speed reducer output shaft size basically in loose tool; E, the base in the steps d is put into jumping-up major part on the friction press, enclosed closed die forging, forges the output shaft forging; F, utilize remnant forging thermal quenching; G, 520-660 ℃ tempering; H, machine tooling; I, finished product.This production technology process is complicated, and production cost is high.Manufacturing firm all adopts precision forging blank technology to produce the power shaft blank both at home and abroad at present; On the basis of blank, be machined to power shaft again; Can satisfy required precision like this, reduce manufacturing cost and cycle again, also meet the trend of world today's development of manufacturing simultaneously.Chinese patent CN101332488B discloses a kind of cold-forging technique of gear shaft, and its method is: the first step, according to the length of gear shaft with the garden saw with steel alloy bar blanking, blank weight error ± 1 gram; Second step, the blank bar to be annealed in shaft furnace, annealing temperature is 850 ℃-880 ℃, is incubated 6～8 hours, is cooled to come out of the stove below 350 ℃ with stove; The 3rd step, adopt the phospholeum streamline to carry out phosphatization and saponification processing to moving back the blank bar that overdoes by common process, form the surface lubrication layer, wherein phosphatization temperature is 70 ℃-80 ℃, the time is 15 minutes-25 minutes; Saponification temperature is 60 ℃-70 ℃, and the time is 5 minutes-15 minutes; It is characterized in that the 4th step adopted the high-strength die steel to make forward extrusion mould, indirect-extrusion mould and perforation shaping dies; In the 5th step, use the 250T punching machine, four guide pillar universal die sets and forward extrusion mould, the small end of cold-forging forming gear shaft; The 6th step, use the 250T punching machine, four guide pillar universal die set and indirect-extrusion moulds, the square hole of cold-forging forming gear shaft diminishes the diameter of the big end of gear shaft, and the volume that big end is diminished equals the volume of profile of tooth blind hole; In the 7th step, use the 600T hydraulic press, four guide pillar universal die sets and perforation shaping dies; Gear shaft is put into die, and diameter that the big end of gear shaft diminishes and die inwall have volume and divide fluid space, and the drift of 600T hydraulic press is loaded onto punch and pressed down the big end that gets into gear shaft with the guiding punch case, through drift; Shaping profile of tooth blind hole, simultaneously the diameter of the big end of gear shaft swells and is full of volume and divides fluid space, reaches the fixed diameter of big end gauage of gear shaft; The drift speed of pressing down is 8-10mm/ second; Pressure is 300kg/mm2, and described perforation shaping dies is made up of cover, prestressing force overcoat in punch, guiding punch case, guiding die, die, the prestressing force, is provided with in the prestressing force between die and the prestressing force overcoat and overlaps; The guiding die is located in die, the prestressing force upper end of cover and prestressing force overcoat; The guiding punch case is located in the guiding die, and punch is located in the guiding punch case, and die and gear shaft blank are provided with volume and divide fluid space.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique that blank is machined as finished product again that is processed into earlier.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is following: mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique comprises the steps:
A, blanking, the intercepting bar;
B, annealing, to the bar annealing in process, annealing temperature is 850 ℃-880 ℃, is incubated 6～8 hours, is cooled to come out of the stove below 350 ℃ with stove;
C, ball blast, phosphatization, saponification are handled, and adopt the phospholeum streamline to carry out phosphatization and saponification processing by common process to moving back the bar that overdoes, and form the surface lubrication layer, and wherein phosphatization temperature is 70 ℃-80 ℃, and the time is 15 minutes-25 minutes; Saponification temperature is 60 ℃-70 ℃, and the time is 5 minutes-15 minutes;
D, diameter reducing extrusion: through mould one of bar is rectified extruding, make bar form the two sections big end of cylindrical bar and small ends that diameter differs, be provided with changeover portion between end and the small end greatly, carry out phosphatization, saponification processing again;
The extruding of e, jumping-up: to above-mentioned big end and changeover portion jumping-up, making big end and changeover portion formation longitudinal section is the cylinder of inverted trapezoidal structure through mould, anneals, phosphatization, saponification processing again;
F, small end diameter reducing extrusion: through mould above-mentioned small end is carried out 1-2 road diameter reducing extrusion, make small end form cylindrical bar that 2-3 section diameter differs and the changeover portion between the big path cylinder;
G, anti-crowded endoporus: to above-mentioned big end backward extrusion, make big end form the circular inner hole of band teeth wall through mould.
Be provided with projection at the bottom of the hole of the circular inner hole of described band teeth wall.
Annealing in process in the described jumping-up pressing steps, annealing temperature are 650 ℃-680 ℃, are incubated 3～5 hours, are cooled to come out of the stove below 400 ℃ with stove.
Described small end diameter reducing extrusion is the twice diameter reducing extrusion.
The present invention forges the blank that meets the mechanical drive gear shaft size basically through raw bar material being carried out diameter reducing extrusion, jumping-up and counter squeezing in mould; High, the high conformity of big end inner hole wall perforation intensity, outer wall is convenient to gear hobbing after the small end diameter reducing extrusion, is the finished product gear shaft through machine tooling again; Processing method is simple; Both satisfy the required precision of gear shaft product, reduced manufacturing cost and production cycle again, also met the trend of world today's development of manufacturing simultaneously.
The contrast that the present invention and former manufacturing process are made has following beneficial effect:
Former profile of tooth blind hole manufacturing process---cut: process flow is complicated, and the process equipment required precision is high, and perforation intensity is low; Uniformity is poor, and production efficiency can't satisfy requirement in batches, cold-forging precise forming technique of the present invention: through the cold-forging precise forming mould; The production process flow process is simple; High, the high conformity of big end inner hole wall perforation intensity, outer wall is convenient to gear hobbing after the small end diameter reducing extrusion, is suitable for producing in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention bar deformation process structural representation
Sequence number among the figure: 1, big end, 2, small end, 3, the changeover portion between end and the small end greatly, 4, endoporus, 5, projection.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Embodiment 1: a kind of mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique comprises the steps:
A, blanking, the intercepting bar, according to the length of gear shaft with the garden saw with steel alloy bar blanking, blank weight error ± 1 gram;
B, annealing, to the bar annealing in process, annealing temperature is 860 ℃, is incubated 6 hours, is cooled to 300 ℃ with stove and comes out of the stove;
C, ball blast, phosphatization, saponification are handled, and adopt the phospholeum streamline to carry out phosphatization and saponification processing by common process to moving back the bar that overdoes, and form the surface lubrication layer, and wherein phosphatization temperature is 70 ℃, and the time is 20 minutes; Saponification temperature is 60 ℃, and the time is 10 minutes;
D, diameter reducing extrusion: use the 400T punching machine; Four guide pillar universal die sets and forward extrusion mould; Through mould one of bar is rectified extruding; Make bar form big end 1 of cylindrical bar and small end 2 that two sections diameter differ, hold greatly 1 and small end 2 between be provided with changeover portion 3, carry out phosphatization again, saponification is handled;
E, jumping-up extruding: use the 630T punching machine; Four guide pillar universal die set and heading dies, to above-mentioned big end 1 and changeover portion 3 jumping-ups, making big end 1 is the cylinder of inverted trapezoidal structure with changeover portion 3 formation longitudinal sections through mould; Anneal again, phosphatization, saponification handle; Described annealing in process is: heat up 2 hours to annealing temperature be 660 ℃, be incubated 4 hours, be cooled to 350 ℃ with stove and come out of the stove;
F, small end diameter reducing extrusion: use the 350T punching machine; Four guide pillar universal die sets and forward extrusion mould; Through mould above-mentioned small end 2 is carried out the twice diameter reducing extrusion, make small end 2 form cylindrical bar that three sections diameter differ and the changeover portion between the big path cylinder;
G, anti-crowded endoporus: use the 1000T punching machine; Four guide pillar universal die sets and indirect-extrusion mould and perforation shaping dies; To above-mentioned big end 1 backward extrusion, make big end 1 form the circular inner hole 4 of band teeth wall through mould, be provided with projection 5 at the bottom of the hole of the circular inner hole of described band teeth wall.Described forward extrusion mould, heading die, indirect-extrusion mould and perforation shaping dies are general mould, are prior art, no longer are repeated in this description.
Embodiment is just for the ease of understanding technical scheme of the present invention; Do not constitute restriction to protection domain of the present invention; Every interior any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification of perhaps according to technical spirit of the present invention above scheme being done that does not break away from technical scheme of the present invention all still belongs within the protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique comprises the steps:
A, blanking, the intercepting bar;
B, annealing, to the bar annealing in process, annealing temperature is 850 ℃-880 ℃, is incubated 6～8 hours, is cooled to come out of the stove below 350 ℃ with stove;
C, ball blast, phosphatization, saponification are handled, and adopt the phospholeum streamline to carry out phosphatization and saponification processing by common process to moving back the bar that overdoes, and form the surface lubrication layer, and wherein phosphatization temperature is 70 ℃-80 ℃, and the time is 15 minutes-25 minutes; Saponification temperature is 60 ℃-70 ℃, and the time is 5 minutes-15 minutes;
D, diameter reducing extrusion: to the bar forward extrusion, make bar form the two sections big end of cylindrical bar (1) and small ends (2) that diameter differs through mould, be provided with changeover portion (3) between big end (1) and the small end (2), carry out phosphatization, saponification processing again;
The extruding of e, jumping-up: to above-mentioned big end (1) and changeover portion (3) jumping-up, making big end (1) and changeover portion (3) formation longitudinal section is the cylinder of inverted trapezoidal structure through mould, anneals, phosphatization, saponification processing again;
F, small end diameter reducing extrusion: through mould above-mentioned small end (2) is carried out 1-2 road diameter reducing extrusion, make small end (2) form cylindrical bar that 2-3 section diameter differs and the changeover portion between the big path cylinder;
G, anti-crowded endoporus: to above-mentioned big end (1) backward extrusion, make big end (1) form the circular inner hole (4) of band teeth wall through mould.
2. mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with projection (5) at the bottom of the hole of the circular inner hole of described band teeth wall (4).
3. mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: annealing in process in the described jumping-up pressing steps, annealing temperature are 650 ℃-680 ℃, are incubated 3～5 hours, are cooled to come out of the stove below 400 ℃ with stove.
4. mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described small end diameter reducing extrusion is 2 road diameter reducing extrusion.
5. mechanical drive gear axle cold-forging precise forming technique according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described small end diameter reducing extrusion is 2 road diameter reducing extrusion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105523816A CN102463320A (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2010-11-11 | Cold forging precise forming process for mechanical transmission gear shaft |
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| CN2010105523816A CN102463320A (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2010-11-11 | Cold forging precise forming process for mechanical transmission gear shaft |
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| CN102689132A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-26 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for improving jumping of rod part of inner spline shaft type forged piece |
| CN102699261A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 盐城理研精密锻造有限公司 | Method for forging central hole of spline shaft forging |
| CN102852958A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 | Starter output shaft and processing technology thereof |
| CN102990290A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Processing method of idler shaft |
| CN102990291A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of idler shaft for gearbox |
| CN103394869A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Precision forging plastic forming process of power take-off device flange shaft |
| CN103522000A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 盐城金刚星齿轮厂 | Machine tool spindle blank processing method |
| CN103707017A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Automatically continuously variable transmission (CVT) V-shaped belt pulley axle finish-forging and plastic- molding process |
| CN103817283A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Shaft forging and forging process thereof |
| CN104191187A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江佑安高科消防系统有限公司 | Energy-saving and high-efficiency processing method for gear shaft of door closer |
| CN104874712A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-09-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Grain refining efficient forging method of high-alloy ultrahigh-strength steel large-scale die-forged parts |
| CN105436371A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 太仓久信精密模具股份有限公司 | Warm-forging forming process of transmission input shaft |
| CN106112417A (en) * | 2016-07-24 | 2016-11-16 | 盐城中德精锻股份有限公司 | Exempt to weld major axis inner constant velocity universal joint precision forging Forging Technology |
| CN106466702A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-03-01 | 株式会社捷太格特 | The manufacture method of axle |
| CN106862472A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-20 | 谷城天兴机械有限公司 | Wear-resisting circular shaft cold extruding processing method and brake shoe roller axle processing method |
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| CN108817870A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-16 | 太仓久信精密模具股份有限公司 | A kind of speed reducer minute gear cold extrusion technology |
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| CN109681518A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏隆盛钻采机械制造有限公司 | A kind of gear shaft product forging and its processing technology |
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| CN101767178A (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2010-07-07 | 深圳航空标准件有限公司 | Manufacturing method of spline shaft by cold heading |
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| CN102699261A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 盐城理研精密锻造有限公司 | Method for forging central hole of spline shaft forging |
| CN102689132A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-26 | 江苏森威精锻有限公司 | Method for improving jumping of rod part of inner spline shaft type forged piece |
| CN102990290A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Processing method of idler shaft |
| CN102990291A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-03-27 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of idler shaft for gearbox |
| CN102852958A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏森威集团飞达股份有限公司 | Starter output shaft and processing technology thereof |
| CN103707017B (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2016-04-20 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | CVT automatic gear-box V-type belt wheel axle finish forge plastic forming technique |
| CN103707017A (en) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Automatically continuously variable transmission (CVT) V-shaped belt pulley axle finish-forging and plastic- molding process |
| CN103817283A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-05-28 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Shaft forging and forging process thereof |
| CN103817283B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-12-02 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | A kind of forged shaft and forging production technique thereof |
| CN103394869A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏威鹰机械有限公司 | Precision forging plastic forming process of power take-off device flange shaft |
| CN103522000A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 盐城金刚星齿轮厂 | Machine tool spindle blank processing method |
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| CN105436371A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 太仓久信精密模具股份有限公司 | Warm-forging forming process of transmission input shaft |
| CN107537961A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 韩虎产业株式会社 | The manufacture method of long-shaft type wheel shaft with side tooth form |
| CN106112417A (en) * | 2016-07-24 | 2016-11-16 | 盐城中德精锻股份有限公司 | Exempt to weld major axis inner constant velocity universal joint precision forging Forging Technology |
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| CN108817870A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-16 | 太仓久信精密模具股份有限公司 | A kind of speed reducer minute gear cold extrusion technology |
| CN109622863A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏海宇机械有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method improving spline forged shaft profile accuracy |
| CN109622863B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏海宇机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method for improving tooth profile precision of spline shaft type forging |
| CN109681518A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-26 | 江苏隆盛钻采机械制造有限公司 | A kind of gear shaft product forging and its processing technology |
| CN112058936A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-12-11 | 上海汽车变速器有限公司 | Cold extrusion molding process of bevel gear |
| CN111774822A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-10-16 | 无锡金峰园弹簧制造有限公司 | Machining process of hot-rolling spring mandrel |
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Application publication date: 20120523 |