TW202037421A - Forging-drawing forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fitting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a forging-drawing forming method for an aluminum alloy pipe fitting. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a raw material made of an aluminum alloy material and aforging and drawing device; processing the raw materials to form a blank, and enabling the blank to have certain dimensional accuracy and surface roughness; sequentially performing homogenizing annealing, Rockwell hardness detection, lubricating liquid dipping and other procedures on the blank, and performing forging and drawing operation to obtain a hollow tubular finished product of which the extension length is greater than the original length. The finished product prepared by the process has the characteristics of precise size and good homogeneity, and the service life of forging and drawing device can be prolonged.

Description

Aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method

The invention relates to a cold forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings, in particular to a forging and drawing forming method for aluminum alloy pipe fittings.

Patent No. 564857 of Taiwan Publication No. 564857 discloses a fitting structure between a vertical tube and a front fork of a bicycle. A handle passes through one end of the vertical tube, and one end of the vertical tube is inserted into a front fork tube.

This kind of vertical pipe is generally made by hot forging in response to the modeling requirements and the structural strength.

Hot forging is just like its name. The material must be heated in a heating furnace to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature and not reach the temperature range of the transformation point, and then a process technology for shaping. In addition to hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment that can withstand high temperatures, such a process technology requires a large amount of die loss for hot forging processing and high energy consumption for hot forging operations, which leads to high costs as a whole.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for forging and forming aluminum alloy pipes that utilizes cold forming and can reduce the cost.

Therefore, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention includes the following steps: (A) preparing a raw material in the shape of a hollow column, and a forging equipment, the raw material is made of aluminum alloy, and the forging equipment includes A forging die, and a forging tap corresponding to the forging die. (B) The raw material is processed to form a blank, which extends along an axis and has a first end surface intersecting the axis, a second end surface opposite to the first end surface along the axis, and a The outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, an original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, the outer peripheral surface constitutes an original outer diameter, the first end surface, the second end surface The roughness of the end surface and the outer peripheral surface is controlled below Ra0.4μm, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is below ±0.01mm. (C) Homogeneous annealing of the blank material: first heat the blank material to 510°C~410°C, and then cool it with the furnace. The furnace temperature drops by 10°C per hour, and it is discharged when it is cooled to 200°C~160°C. (D) The hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material is 60±5 degrees. (E) The blank is immersed in a lubricating fluid tank, the lubricating fluid concentration in the lubricating fluid tank is TA40-50, the working temperature is 80-100°C, and the immersion time is predetermined. (F) Perform forging and drawing operations: place the blank material impregnated with lubricating fluid in the forging die of the forging and drawing equipment, and operate the forging tap to approach the forging die, and the blank material is subjected to the forging tap With the forging and drawing action of the forging die, a finished product is formed along the axis and in a hollow tube shape, and has a first side surface intersecting the axis and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface along the axis , An outer ring surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an inner ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and surrounding the axis to form an inner hole, the first side surface and the first side surface An extension length greater than the original length is formed between the two sides.

The effect of the present invention is that the present invention utilizes continuous steps and can use cold forging operations to prepare the finished product, can save energy, reduce mold consumption, and reduce overall manufacturing costs.

An embodiment of the method for forging and drawing an aluminum alloy pipe according to the present invention includes the following steps:

Step 1: Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, prepare a hollow cylindrical raw material 1, a forging equipment 2, and an advanced forming equipment 3 (see Figure 4). The raw material 1 is made of aluminum alloy (AL6066). (Al-Mg-Si-Al alloy or AL7050 Al-Zn-Mg-Al alloy), the forging equipment 2 includes a forging die 10 and a forging tap 20 corresponding to the forging die 10. The forging die 10 has a top surface 11 and a first cavity 12 extending downward from the top surface 11. The first cavity 12 in this embodiment is in the shape of a stepped hole with a wide upper and a narrow bottom. 20 is also in the shape of a step column with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The step parts and corners of the forging tap 20 are all made of arc leading angles. 4, the advanced molding equipment 3 includes a molding die 30, and a molding head 40 corresponding to the molding die 30, the molding die 30 has a second cavity 31, the level and corners of the molding head 40 The corners are all made of arc.

Step 2: Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the raw material 1 is processed and formed into a hollow cylindrical blank material 1'. The blank material 1'extends along an axis L and has a first cross perpendicular to the axis L. One end surface 101, a second end surface 102 opposite to the first end surface 101 along the axis L, an outer peripheral surface 103 connected between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, and a second end surface 102 opposite to the outer peripheral surface 103 and around the axis L to form an inner peripheral surface 105 of a central hole 104, an original length l is formed between the first end surface 101 and the second end surface 102, the outer peripheral surface 103 constitutes an original outer diameter D, the The inner peripheral surface 105 constitutes an original inner diameter d. The roughness of the first end surface 101, the second end surface 102, the inner peripheral surface 105 and the outer peripheral surface 103 is controlled below Ra0.4μm, the original inner diameter d, the The dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter D and the original length l is below ±0.01mm.

Step 3: Homogeneous annealing of the blank material 1': first heat the blank material 1'to 510°C~410°C, and then cool down with the furnace, and then cool down to 200°C~160°C by 10°C per hour. Baked.

Step 4: Detect the blank material 1'after homogeneous annealing, the hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material 1'must reach 60±5 degrees. When detecting the blank material 1', the outer peripheral surface 103 of the blank material 1'is inspected at multiple points at equal intervals along the axis L, and the inner peripheral surface 105 is inspected at multiple points at equal intervals along the axis L.

Step 5: Immerse the blank material 1'in a lubricating fluid tank (not shown), the lubricating fluid concentration in the lubricating fluid tank is TA40~50, the working temperature is 80℃~100℃, and the immersion time is predetermined. The lubricating fluid is boron nitride.

Step 6: With reference to Figure 3, perform the forging operation: Place the blank material 1'that has been immersed in the lubricating fluid in the opening of the cavity 12 of the forging die 10 of the forging device 2, and operate the forging tap 20 to be opposite As the forging die 10 approaches, the blank material 1'is subjected to the forging action of the forging tap 20 and the forging die 10 to form a finished product 100. The finished product 100 is along the axis L and has a hollow tube shape and has a A first side surface 110 perpendicular to the axis L, a second side surface 120 opposite to the first side surface 110 along the axis L, and an outer ring surface connected between the first side surface 110 and the second side surface 120 130, and an inner ring surface 150 that is opposite to the outer ring surface 130 and surrounds the axis L to form an inner hole 140, between the first side surface 110 and the second side surface 120 is formed a larger than the original length l Extending the length l′, the contour shape of the inner hole 140 parallel to the axis L corresponds to the contour shape of the forging tap 20.

Step 7: As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the advanced forming operation: place the finished product 100 in the second cavity 31 of the forging die 10 of the advanced forming device 3, and operate the forming head 40 relative to The molding die 30 approaches, and the finished product 100 is molded by the molding head 40 and the molding die 30 to form a finished product 100'.

Therefore, the present invention utilizes the continuous steps from step 1 to step 7 above to allow the raw material 1 to be forged and drawn to form the finished product 100', and the finished product 100' can avoid defects caused by metal heating and obtain higher precision and surface quality. , And can improve the strength and hardness of the workpiece, and the cold forging deformation resistance is large. That is, by using the second step of processing the raw material 1 to form the blank material 1', the roughness of each surface of the blank material 1'is controlled below Ra0.4μm, the original inner diameter d and the original outer diameter D And the dimensional tolerance of the original length l is below ±0.01mm, so that the finished product 100 after forging and drawing does not need to be precision processed on the surface, and the forging and drawing equipment 2 and the advanced molding equipment 3 are also less prone to wear and tear, and reuse The homogenous annealing in step 3 can improve the plasticity of the blank material 1'to utilize the subsequent forging and drawing operations, and reduce the residual stress of the finished product 100 after forging and drawing, and improve the uniformity of the structure and composition.

Therefore, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention does not require high-temperature hot forging equipment and reclaiming equipment, and the pre-processing of step two can not only improve the precision of the finished product 100, but also reduce mold wear. , Extend the service life of the forging equipment 2 and the advanced forming equipment 3, which can reduce the overall energy consumption and reduce the high manufacturing cost.

It is worth mentioning that when the finished product 100 has reached the intended use purpose, the advanced forming operation of step 7 can be omitted, that is, the advanced forming operation of step 7 is for the finished product 100' with modeling requirements. Need to proceed.

In addition, the time for the blank material 1'to be immersed in the lubricating fluid tank in step 5 varies according to the number of blank material 1'. When the number of blank material 1'is single, the immersion time is 4~5 minutes , When the number of blank 1'is plural, the immersion time is 25~35 minutes.

Furthermore, the hollow columnar raw material 1 prepared in step 1 of the present invention can be made in the following three ways: A, B, C, etc. (see Fig. 5 in conjunction):

A. Take a cylindrical material 4, and turn the cylindrical material 4 to make the size and surface roughness of the cylindrical material 4 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then use a pre-forging extraction equipment (not shown) for pre-forging extraction Work, and prepare a young embryo 4'with a unidirectional open U-shaped hole 401', cut the young embryo 4', and cut off the blind end of the U-shaped hole 401' to obtain Hollow columnar raw material 1.

B. Take a hollow column material 5 and perform turning processing on the hollow column material 5 to make the size and surface roughness of the hollow column material 5 reach a predetermined accuracy, and then use a pre-forging extraction equipment (not shown) Pre-forging and pumping operations, and prepare a young embryo 5'with a grade hole 501', cut the young embryo 5', and cut a small diameter section and a large diameter section of the grade hole 501' locally, The raw material 1 in the shape of a hollow column can be obtained.

C. Take a cylindrical material 6 and perform the first rough turning process on the cylindrical material 6, and then perform the first pre-forging and drawing operation with a first pre-forging and drawing equipment (not shown), and make a A rough embryo 6'with a shallow U-shaped hole 601' opened in one direction, the rough embryo 6'is subjected to a second fine turning process, so that the size and surface roughness of the embryo 6'reach the predetermined accuracy (size calibration ), and then use a second pre-forging and pumping equipment (not shown) to perform the second pre-forging and pumping operation, and prepare a embryo 6" with a deep U-shaped hole 601" open in one direction. The embryo 6" is cut, and the blind end of the deep U-shaped hole 601" is cut to obtain the raw material 1 in the shape of a hollow column.

In summary, the aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method of the present invention has simple overall manufacturing process and easy equipment, and can effectively reduce costs, save energy and improve the quality of finished products, and can indeed achieve the purpose of cost invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to This invention patent covers the scope.

1: raw materials 2: Forging equipment 10: Forging die 11: top surface 12: The first cavity 20: Forged tap 3: Advanced molding equipment 30: Forming mold 31: The second cavity 40: Forming head 1’: Embryo L: axis 101: first end face 102: second end face 103: Outer peripheral surface 104: Center hole 105: inner circumference l: original length D: Original outer diameter d: Original inner diameter 100: finished product 110: first side 120: second side 130: outer ring surface 140: inner hole 150: inner ring surface l’: Extension length 100’ finished product 4: Cylindrical material 4’: young embryo 401’ U-shaped hole 5: Hollow column 5’: young embryo 501’ Class Hole 6: Cylindrical material 601’: shallow U-shaped hole depth 601": U-shaped hole 6": young embryo

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: 1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing process of an embodiment of the forging and forming method of an aluminum alloy pipe according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a raw material and forging equipment of the embodiment; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of forging and forming of the embodiment; Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of one of the advanced molding equipment of the embodiment; and Figure 5 shows the method of making one of the raw materials in this embodiment.

Claims (9)

A method for forging and forming aluminum alloy pipe fittings includes the following steps: (A) Prepare a hollow cylindrical raw material and a forging and drawing equipment. The raw material is made of aluminum alloy. The forging and drawing equipment includes a forging die and a forging tap corresponding to the forging die; (B) The raw material is processed to form a blank, which extends along an axis and has a first end surface intersecting the axis, a second end surface opposite to the first end surface along the axis, and a The outer peripheral surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, an original length is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface, the outer peripheral surface constitutes an original outer diameter, the first end surface, the second end surface The roughness of the end surface and the outer peripheral surface is controlled below Ra0.4μm, and the dimensional tolerance of the original outer diameter and the original length is below ±0.01mm; (C) Homogeneous annealing of the blank material: first heat the blank material to 510°C~410°C, then cool it down with the furnace, and drop the furnace temperature by 10°C per hour, and leave the furnace when it is cooled to 200°C~160°C; (D) Detect the hardness value of the Rockwell hardness scale HRF of the blank material is 60±5 degrees; (E) Soak the blank material in a lubricating liquid tank, the lubricating liquid concentration in the lubricating liquid tank is TA40~50, the working temperature is 80℃~100℃, and the immersion time is predetermined; and (F) Perform forging and drawing operations: place the blank material impregnated with lubricating fluid in the forging die of the forging and drawing equipment, and operate the forging tap to approach the forging die, and the blank material is subjected to the forging tap With the forging and drawing action of the forging die, a finished product is formed along the axis and in a hollow tube shape, and has a first side surface intersecting the axis and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface along the axis , An outer ring surface connected between the first side surface and the second side surface, and an inner ring surface opposite to the outer ring surface and surrounding the axis to form an inner hole, the first side surface and the first side surface An extension length greater than the original length is formed between the two sides. The method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy tube according to claim 1, wherein, when the step (D) detects the blank material, multi-point detection is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the blank material at equal intervals along the axis. The method for forging and forming an aluminum alloy pipe according to claim 1, wherein the blank material of the step (B) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the blank material further has a center opposite to the outer peripheral surface and around the axis. The inner circumference of the hole. The method for forging and forming aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 3, wherein when the step (D) detects the blank material, multi-point detection is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the blank material at equal intervals along the axis, and along the Multi-point detection is performed on the inner peripheral surface at equal intervals on the axis. The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the step (A) further prepares an advanced forming equipment, the advanced forming equipment includes a forming die, and a forming head corresponding to the forming die , The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method further includes a step (G) after the step (F), the step (G) is an advanced forming operation, and the forming head is operated to approach the forming die, the finished product By the forming action of the forming head and the forming mold, a finished product is molded. The aluminum alloy pipe forging and forming method according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating fluid used in this step (E) is boron nitride. The forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in this step (A) is aluminum-magnesium-silicon-aluminum alloy of AL6066. The forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the raw material prepared in this step (A) is AL7050 aluminum-zinc-magnesium-aluminum alloy. The forging and forming method of aluminum alloy pipe fittings according to claim 1, wherein the time for the blank material of this step (E) to be immersed in the lubricating fluid tank varies according to the amount of blank material, when the amount of blank material is For a single branch, the immersion time is 4 to 5 minutes, and when the number of blanks is plural, the immersion time is 25 to 35 minutes.

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