CN109759490A - A kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device and manufacturing process - Google Patents
A kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device and manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109759490A CN109759490A CN201811540712.7A CN201811540712A CN109759490A CN 109759490 A CN109759490 A CN 109759490A CN 201811540712 A CN201811540712 A CN 201811540712A CN 109759490 A CN109759490 A CN 109759490A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device and manufacturing process, belong to the hot forming control method field of sheet metal；The device includes gas system, heating temperature-control system, acquisition feedback device, mold, sealing system, air cooling system, exhaust system composition；Method of the invention is using the die cavity in mold as forming chamber, it by sealing, molds, be blown into high pressure cooling gas experiment is formed, upper mold air cooling system is opened simultaneously, to plate bulging to specified altitude, stop heating, the high pressure gas in removal mold cavity takes out drip molding；The present invention controls the part regional area material Deformation Flow to be formed by blowing cool air into the intracavitary specific position of upper model, so as to make forming near at this and cooling velocity uniformly and avoid drip molding wall thickness reduction is excessive herein, and then promote the bulging uniformity of titanium alloy sheet metal component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hot forming control method fields of sheet metal, more particularly to titanium alloy and its difficult moulding material
Hot forming, specifically a kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device and manufacturing process.
Background technique
Since titanium and its alloy have, good high-temperature behavior, specific strength are high, croop property is good, good biocompatibility, resistance to
The advantages that corrosivity is good, and structural returns are very significant, obtained widely in industries such as aerospace, ocean, chemical industry, medical treatment
Using.However, making its Plastic Forming difficulty very since the elasticity modulus of titanium and its alloy is high, yield tensile ratio is big, anisotropy is strong
It is high, plastic deformation regime is extremely limited, and thereby resulted in that titanic alloy machining is at high cost, the manufacturing cycle is long and economic benefit is low.
With the application of the development of aerospace cause and new material, new technology, in recent years, closed to further increase titanium
Golden component production efficiency, researchers at home and abroad propose hot internal pressure manufacturing process, and are based on this method and have developed heat
State internal pressure forming device.However, in titanium alloy member heat forming processes, however it remains material flowing is uneven, so that the skill
Art all can cause drip molding wall unevenness even as traditional superplasticforming, this is a great problem of current urgent need to resolve.
In order to improve the evenness of wall thickness of titanium alloy metal plate forming part, domestic and international scientific research personnel has carried out a variety of researchs and has tasted
Examination, achieves many advanced technology achievements.Especially in sheet material forming technical aspect, scientific research personnel proposes forward and reverse superplasticity
Forming process has also been proposed the forward and reverse Superplastic Forming Techniques of change friction based on the method.Although whole uniformly slightly improve,
For some more complex sheet-metal members, there are still the problem that wall unevenness is even, especially local reduction's amount is too large or too small
The problem of.
In view of the above problems, in existing disclosed technology: patent CN107297412A discloses a kind of metal plate
A kind of material part forming technology, and in particular to the method for achievable sheet metal in hot lower quick barometric pressure load.Its will at
Shape metal slabs are placed on shaping dies, and closing seam mold forms closed cavity with the upper and lower surface in metal slabs,
To metal slabs and sealing mold, metal slabs and charged pressure is equal simultaneously in the closed cavity up and down that shaping dies is constituted
High pressure gas, metal slabs are heated to preset forming temperature condition, quick release metal slabs and forming mould
Have the high pressure gas in constituted closed cavity, makes metal slabs that quick bulging occur under the action of the high pressure gas of the other side
And the die cavity of shaping dies is fitted to, the gas in removal metal slabs and the formed cavity of sealed mold opens sealed mold,
Meal metal parts after being shaped.The invention, which efficiently solves existing thermal state metal sheet material forming technology and not can guarantee blank, to exist
It is deformed under reasonable temperature condition and pressure condition, to cannot achieve the essence of complicated metal meal metal parts especially thin-walled parts
The problem of close, Quick-forming.But higher to bulging height, section is more complicated and for needing the drip molding of feed supplement, and use is this
Material expanding method it is difficult to ensure that part of embarking on journey evenness of wall thickness, to be unable to reach preferable forming quality.Patent
CN107866458A discloses a kind of change coefficient of friction realization manufacturing process of the High temperature bulging from feed supplement, and this method provides a kind of change
Coefficient of friction realizes manufacturing process of the High temperature bulging from feed supplement, is closed by changing aluminium alloy special-shaped thin wall superplastic forming cylinder and aluminium
Coefficient of friction between golden special-shaped thin wall superplastic forming barrel molds, and then realize aluminium alloy special-shaped thin wall superplastic forming cylinder high temperature
For bulging from feed supplement, it is more uniform to enable aluminum alloy to the distribution of special-shaped thin wall superplastic forming cylinder wall thickness, guarantees that aluminium alloy abnormity is thin
Wall superplastic forming cylinder dimensional accuracy, type face precision and surface quality requirements.But it is larger and more complicated for forming difficulty
For the sheet metal component component of section, this method it is difficult to ensure that complex section evenness of wall thickness, meanwhile, different cross section is in hot forming
Deformation extent is different in the process, it is easy to sheet metal component be caused to rupture in forming.Patent CN108237181A is disclosed
A kind of forming device, more particularly to it is a kind of suitable for hot press-formed at shape dress, for a part to be formed to be shaped
Multiple feature structures out.The forming device escapes gas comprising a die unit, a cooling unit, an air cooling unit and one
Unit.The die unit forms multiple feature sections not contacted with the part to be formed around a die cavity out.The cooling list
Member includes multiple cooling water channels for being set to the die unit.The air cooling unit include it is multiple with being respectively facing the feature section
It is opened on the die unit and is connected to the mouthpiece of the die cavity and multiple be separately connected the mouthpiece and for supplying cooling air
The cooling gas access of body.It can blow cool air into the die cavity with the cooling part to be formed through the mouthpiece not in contact with this
The part of die unit, so as to make cooling velocity uniformly and avoid finished product wall thickness variation excessive.But for large thin-wall complexity
Section drip molding, evenness of wall thickness but it is difficult to ensure that.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, discloses a kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device
And manufacturing process, the present invention control the part part to be formed by blowing cool air into the intracavitary specific position of upper mold type
Region material Deformation Flow, so as to make forming near at this and cooling velocity uniformly and avoid drip molding wall thickness subtracts herein
Thin rate is excessive, and then promotes the uniformity of titanium alloy sheet metal component forming.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
A kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device, including upper mold, lower mold, are placed between upper mold, lower mold
Slab, and be tightly connected between three, thermocouple wire is welded on slab.It is welded with thermocouple wire on the slab, due to
In forming, it is contemplated that cold air is affected to drip molding；Cold air, which is directly entered mold cavity, can instantaneously reduce test board
The temperature of material, to influence whether drip molding mechanical property and forming quality.Therefore, thermocouple is directly welded on sheet metal
Silk can carry out real-time monitoring to the temperature of test board.Displacement sensor is installed as feedback in the present invention outside the device
Device.
Gas vent and several upper mold air inlets, several upper mold air inlets are offered in the upper mold respectively
It is connect outside device with upper molding inflation system；Spherical ceramic particles are added in the cavity of the lower mold；The lower die
Tool offers aeration aperture, and aeration aperture is connected to cavity；The aeration aperture is connect outside device with lower molding inflation system.
Gas vent and air inlet runner are opened up in upper mold, are respectively used to plate fracture and forming rear mold type is intracavitary
Outside high pressure gas discharge to heating furnace, heating furnace is protected, while introducing the temperature of thermocouple wire sheet material measurement；It is a certain amount of with being passed through
Cold air Local cooling is carried out to plate, since in-furnace temperature is higher, being passed through certain a small amount of gas can only be near air inlet
Play cooling effect in region.
Further, red copper disk is set between the slab and upper mold, lower mold, slab is completed by red copper disk
With the sealing between upper mold, lower mold.
Further, the gas-loaded difference of the upper molding inflation system, lower molding inflation system in Bulging Process
Pass through upper mold precision solenoid valve, lower die precision solenoid valve control.
Further, the gas vent, upper mold air inlet, aeration aperture are fixed by the screw of M14 × 1.5 and external device (ED)
It connects or is sealed.
Further, the upside of the upper mold, be provided with the screw of M24 × 2, entire forming device on the downside of lower mold
It is mounted on press machine by the screw of M24 × 2, by the connection of mold and press machine, to realize mould open/close and sealing.
The invention also discloses a kind of air cooling methods to control sheet-metal member thermo shaping method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
Slab to be formed is placed between upper mold, lower mold by step 1, and is put into red copper disk, completes slab and mould
Sealing between tool, then molding so that upper mold, lower mold and red copper disk formed respectively in the upper and lower surface of slab it is closed
Type chamber；
Step 2, the gas that the spherical ceramic particles added in the cavity by lower mold enter aeration aperture preheat, and
Reduce bulging cavity space and then reduces air inflow；
Entire molding machine is placed in heating furnace by step 3, to upper mold, lower mold and heating of plate blank to forming temperature,
And the thermocouple wire by welding on slab realizes the detection to plate temperature in furnace；
Step 4 is filled with high pressure gas by aeration aperture into slab and the closed cavity of lower mold composition；Meanwhile passing through upper mold
Air inlet is blown into cooling gas into the cavity of upper mold and cools down near top region, to reduce the deformation in region herein
Degree；In forming process, gas intake is respectively by upper mold precision solenoid valve, lower die precision solenoid valve control；
Step 5 is molded inflation system, lower molding inflation system in closing, opens when slab forming reaches defined height
Gas vent, the high pressure gas of removal mold cavity；
Step 6, opening mold cooling to plate, the sheet-metal member after taking out forming.
The beneficial effect of the present invention and the prior art is:
1) thermal forming device set of the invention gas system, the heating temperature-control system of heating furnace and it is arranged outside device
Feedback device, mold, sealing system, air cooling system, exhaust system composition are acquired, it can be achieved that mold quickly heats and temperature is accurate
Control, gas medium needed for improving high temperature and pressure gas expansion forming realize the axial feed of formed punch, acquire feedback temperature, pressure
With displacement data function, complicated high-pressure forming experiment is carried out；
2) present invention is by realizing the uneven temperature field of forming process to plate Local cooling, and then effectively controls material change
Shape rule solves existing some of complex component forming because the problems such as wall unevenness caused by design feature is even, rupture；
3) temperature that thermocouple wire is monitored by PID, carries out the self regulating and control of temperature, adopts inflation system completion of computerizeing control
Curve load, data acquisition, feedback and the control of gas；
4) different pressures hot forming experiment may be implemented in entire forming device, for large thin-wall complex section drip molding, also can
Enough guarantee its evenness of wall thickness；
5) apparatus of the present invention different location in upper mold opens up upper mold air inlet, for be passed through a certain amount of cold air to plate into
Row Local cooling, since in-furnace temperature is higher, be passed through certain a small amount of gas can only be played in air inlet near zone it is cooling
Effect, can be realized the hot forming to some complex section sheet-metal members；
6) simultaneously, the present invention in upper mold by opening up gas vent, for plate fracture and forming rear mold type is intracavitary
Outside high pressure gas discharge to heating furnace, heating furnace is protected, meanwhile, introducing thermocouple wire can each forming rank of real-time sheet material measurement
The temperature of section, realization are precisely controlled temperature；
7) between slab and upper/lower die, it is put into red copper disk, completes the sealing between slab and upper/lower die, entire mold
It is mounted on hot forming press machine, to realize mould open/close and sealing；
8) method of the invention controls the part part to be formed by blowing cool air into the intracavitary specific position of upper model
Region material Deformation Flow, so as to make forming near at this and cooling velocity uniformly and avoid drip molding wall thickness subtracts herein
Thin rate is excessive, is based on air cooling method control titanium alloy and other difficult-to-deformation material complex section sheet-metal member hot formings, in turn
Promote the hot forming evenness of wall thickness of sheet metal component.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of air cooling method of Fig. 1 present invention controls sheet-metal member thermo shaping method flow chart；
A kind of schematic diagram of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device of Fig. 2 present invention；
A kind of air cooling method of Fig. 3 present invention controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device partial schematic diagram；
A kind of air cooling method of Fig. 4 present invention controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device intermediate stage bulging schematic diagram；
A kind of air cooling method of Fig. 5 present invention controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device intermediate stage bulging area schematic；
A kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member hot forming of Fig. 6 present invention is final and is vented schematic diagram；
Wherein, 1- upper mold, 2- thermocouple wire, 3- gas vent, the screw of 4-M14 × 1.5,5- upper mold air inlet, the spiral shell of 6-M24 × 2
It follows closely, 7- upper mold precision solenoid valve, is molded inflation system on 8-, inflation system, 10- lower die precision solenoid valve, 11- purple are molded under 9-
Copper coin piece, 12- aeration aperture, 13- spherical ceramic particles, mold under 14-, 15- slab.
Specific embodiment
It is clear to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect clearer, example is exemplified below to the present invention into one
Step is described in detail.It should be understood that specific implementation described herein is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
The transitional region meeting that the complex-curved near top region of plate is contacted with plate bottom and mold after tradition forming
Biggish thickness difference is generated, so that entire slab deformation is uneven, is primarily due to plate different parts temperature in forming process
Degree difference makes flow rate of material different, even so as to cause wall unevenness.It is equal in order to improve plate wall thickness in forming process
Even property enables component to bear certain load when being on active service.
Based on above-mentioned defect, for the device of the invention as shown in Fig. 2 ~ 3, which includes upper mold 1, lower mold 14,
It is characterized in that, is provided with slab 15 between the upper mold 1, lower mold 14, and sealed between three by red copper disk 11
Connection；Gas vent 3 and several upper mold air inlets 5 are offered in the upper mold 1 respectively；Several upper mold air inlets
5 connect outside device with upper molding inflation system 8；Spherical ceramic particles 13 are added in the cavity of the lower mold 14, in order to
Influence of the cold air entered to sheet material forming is reduced, is put into a large amount of spherical ceramic particles, in lower mode cavity for entrance
Gas is preheated, and is reduced cavity space and then reduced air inflow；The lower mold 14 offers aeration aperture 12, and fills
Stomata 12 is connected to cavity；The aeration aperture 12 is connect outside device with lower molding inflation system 9；It is welded on the slab 15
It is connected to thermocouple wire 2, due in forming, it is contemplated that cold air is affected to drip molding；Cold air is directly entered mould type
Chamber can instantaneously reduce the temperature of test plate, to influence whether drip molding mechanical property and forming quality.Therefore, in metal plate
Thermocouple wire is directly welded on material, real-time monitoring can be carried out to the temperature of test board.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in 4 ~ 6, a kind of air cooling method of the present invention controls sheet-metal member hot forming, and specific implementation step is as follows:
Slab 15 to be formed is first anchored between upper mold 1, lower mold 14, and is put into red copper disk 11 by step 1, complete
At the sealing between slab and mold, then mold so that upper/lower die, red copper disk 11 are respectively in the upper following table in slab 15
Face forms closed type chamber；
Step 2, the spherical ceramic particles 13 added in the cavity by lower mold 14 carry out pre-add to the gas that aeration aperture 12 enters
Heat, and reduce bulging cavity space and then reduce air inflow；
Entire molding machine is placed in heating furnace by step 3, is heated to shaping to upper mold 1, lower mold 14 and slab 15
Temperature, and the thermocouple wire 2 by welding on slab 15 realizes the detection to plate temperature in furnace；
Step 4 is filled with high pressure gas by aeration aperture 12 into slab 15 and the closed cavity of lower mold 14 composition, herein
Experiment is formed according to pressure-loaded curve according to the difference of plate in high pressure gas；Meanwhile it is upward by upper mold air inlet 5
It is blown into cooling gas in the cavity of mold 1 to cool down near top region, to reduce the deformation extent in region herein；At
During shape, gas intake is controlled by upper mold precision solenoid valve 7, lower die precision solenoid valve 10 respectively；
Step 5, when 15 bulging of slab reaches defined bulging height, molding inflation system 8 and lower molding inflation are in closing
System 9 opens gas vent 3, the high pressure gas of removal mold cavity；
Step 6, opening mold cooling to plate, the sheet-metal member after taking out forming.
The above method can effectively solve deformation of the thin-wall complicated section difficult-to-deformation material in forming process it is uneven, at
The problems such as serious and rupture is thinned in shape regional area, can make titanium alloy and other high performance material thin-walled superplastic forming components
Thickness Distribution is more uniform, guarantees thin-wall complicated section difficult-to-deformation material scantling precision, type face precision and surface quality
It is required that.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement can also be made, these improvement also should be regarded as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of air cooling method controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device, including upper mold (1), lower mold (14), which is characterized in that on
Slab (15) are placed between mold (1), lower mold (14)；Thermocouple wire (2) are welded on the slab (15)；Described is upper
Gas vent (3) and several upper mold air inlets (5) are offered in mold (1) respectively；Several upper mold air inlets (5) are filling
It is connect outside setting with upper molding inflation system (8)；Spherical ceramic particles (13) are added in the cavity of the lower mold (14)；It is described
Lower mold (14) offer aeration aperture (12), and aeration aperture (12) is connected to above-mentioned cavity；The aeration aperture (12) is filling
It is connect outside setting with lower molding inflation system (9).
2. a kind of air cooling method according to claim 1 controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device, which is characterized in that described is embedding
Enter and is fixedly connected between mold and upper mold (1), lower mold (14) by the screw of M8 × 1.25 (4).
3. a kind of air cooling method according to claim 2 controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device, which is characterized in that described is upper
Red copper disk (11) are set between mold (1), lower mold (14) and slab (15), complete upper mold by red copper disk (11)
(1), the sealing between lower mold (14), slab (15).
4. a kind of air cooling method according to claim 1 controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device, which is characterized in that described is upper
The gas-loaded of molding inflation system (8), lower molding inflation system (9) in Bulging Process passes through upper mold precision solenoid valve respectively
(7), lower die precision solenoid valve (10) controls.
5. a kind of air cooling method according to claim 1 controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device, which is characterized in that the row
Stomata (3), upper mold air inlet (5), aeration aperture (12) are fixedly connected or carry out with external device (ED) by the screw of M14 × 1.5 (4)
Sealing.
6. a kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device according to claim 1 is set, which is characterized in that described
The screw of M24 × 2 (6) is provided on the downside of the upside of upper mold (1), lower mold (14), entire forming device passes through M24 × 2
Screw (6) is mounted on press machine, by the connection of mold and press machine, to realize mould open/close and sealing.
7. a kind of any air cooling method controls sheet-metal member thermal forming device according to claim 1 ~ 6, which is characterized in that step
It is rapid as follows:
Slab (15) to be formed is placed between upper mold (1), lower mold (14) by step 1, by slab (15) point
It is not put into red copper disk (9) with upper mold (1), lower mold (14) contact position, completes the sealing between slab and mold, then close
Mould makes upper/lower die, red copper disk (11) form closed type chamber in the upper and lower surface of slab (15) respectively；
Step 2, the gas that the spherical ceramic particles (13) added in the cavity by lower mold (14) enter aeration aperture (12) into
Row preheating, and reduce bulging cavity space and then reduce air inflow；
Entire molding machine is placed in heating furnace by step 3, is heated to upper mold (1), lower mold (14) and slab (15)
To forming temperature, and the thermocouple wire (2) by welding on slab (15) realizes the detection to plate temperature in furnace；
Step 4, it is bent according to pressure-loaded to aeration aperture (12) are passed through in the closed cavity of slab (15) and lower mold (14) composition
Line carries out bulging experiment；Meanwhile it is attached to top by upper mold air inlet (5) cooling gas to be blown into the cavity of upper mold (1)
Near field is cooled down, to reduce the deformation extent in region herein；In Bulging Process, gas intake is respectively by upper mold precision
Solenoid valve (7), lower die precision solenoid valve (10) control, control precision are ± 0.05MPa, maximum pressure 70MPa；
Step 5 is molded inflation system (8), lower molding is filled when slab (15) bulging reaches defined bulging height in closing
Gas system (9) is opened gas vent (3), the high pressure gas of removal mold cavity；
Step 6, opening mold cooling to plate, the sheet-metal member after taking out forming.
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| CN201811540712.7A CN109759490A (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2018-12-17 | A kind of air cooling method control sheet-metal member thermal forming device and manufacturing process |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN111438254A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hot air expansion-active air cooling forming device and forming method for closed-section integral pipe fitting |
| CN111730187A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Local diffusion bonding method for aluminum-lithium alloy plates |
| CN111774487A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-10-16 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Large depth-diameter ratio rotary thin-wall titanium alloy component and forming method thereof |
| CN112692149A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gas forming method for aluminum alloy covering part with short steps and small round corners |
| CN112893594A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-04 | 滁州恒昌机械装备制造有限公司 | Superplastic forming method for sheet metal structural part |
| CN112935729A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Uniformity control method for large-diameter-variable double-cone part during superplastic forming |
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| CN112935729A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Uniformity control method for large-diameter-variable double-cone part during superplastic forming |
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Application publication date: 20190517 |