CN112245582A - Rab22a基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途及相关产品 - Google Patents
Rab22a基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途及相关产品 Download PDFInfo
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于生物医药研究领域,具体涉及人RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途。本发明首次发现RAB22A可以作为一个潜在的靶位点应用在制备治疗心肌梗死的药物中。抑制RAB22A基因的表达后可有效地治疗心肌梗死。本发明提供的核酸分子或者包含该核酸分子的核酸构建体能够特异性抑制减轻心肌细胞炎症浸润;减少心肌细胞缺失;抑制心肌细胞凋亡;抑制心肌纤维化;抑制ROS上调;治疗心肌梗死后心室重构。为心肌梗死治疗开辟新的方向。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药研究领域,具体涉及RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途及相关产品。
背景技术
急性心肌梗死(AMI)是指冠状动脉急性、持续性缺血缺氧所引起的心肌坏死,临床上主要以突然发作剧烈而持久的胸骨后或心前区压榨性疼痛,休息或硝酸甘油不能完全缓解,伴有血清心肌酶活性增高及进行性心电图改变,可并发心律失常、休克或心力衰竭发病突然,常可危及生命。急性心肌梗死为重大的公共卫生问题,其防治刻不容缓,迫在眉睫。
急性心肌梗死(AMI)后心室重构(VR)是指心室大小、形状和组织结构及心肌细胞形态与结构发生改变的过程,是造成心功能降低、心力衰竭的重要原因。心肌梗死后心室重构发病机制复杂,其中心肌细胞凋亡与心肌纤维化是心室重构最主要的病理生理改变。心肌细胞凋亡:心肌梗死后心肌细胞不仅会发生缺血性坏死,在梗死区与非梗死区均会出现大量心肌细胞凋亡的现象。心肌细胞的坏死及凋亡与心室重构呈正相关。其发生机制为心肌细胞凋亡,使得细胞与细胞间的紧密连接被破坏,在内压作用下引起心肌细胞束间发生移动,造成梗死区向外彭出,心室扩大,心脏功能减退。心肌纤维化:心肌纤维化是心肌梗死后心室重构发生发展的重要病理过程。心肌梗死早期细胞外基质合成增多,形成瘢痕组织防止心脏破裂,而后期细胞外基质的过度沉积会导致心肌纤维化,造成室壁僵硬,心室舒张功能减退。因此,抑制心肌细胞凋亡以及心肌纤维化是缓解心肌梗死后心室重构、心功能减低的重要途经,对于保护心脏功能具有重大意义。
目前,治疗心肌梗死后心室重构主要措施有:再灌注治疗,RAAS抑制剂,包括β受体阻滞剂、ACEI类药物和ARB类药物、醛固酮受体拮抗剂,他汀类药物,抗炎治疗,干细胞移植治疗等。虽然治疗心室重构方法较多,取得一定的进展,但由于其发病机制复杂以及药物副作用等,导致治疗效果仍不理想,死亡率仍较高。如:再灌注治疗虽然能在早期有效阻止心肌细胞梗死后的心室重构,但由于经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后常常发生远端微血管的血栓性阻塞,仍然有心室重构的发生。RAAS抑制剂存在刺激性咳嗽、高血钾,胃肠道不良反应。他汀类药物易出现黄疸、肝硬化、急性肝损伤等副作用。以及干细胞移植的局限性,使得大部分心肌梗死病人无法得到有效治疗,最终发展为心力衰竭。因此深入研究心肌梗死后心室重构的发生机制,进一步寻找安全有效的抗心室重构治疗方法,对改善急性心肌梗死患者具有重要作用。
目前还未有将RAB22A用于急性心肌梗死心室重构治疗靶点的相关报道。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中所存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途及相关产品。
为了实现上述目的以及其他相关目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的第一方面提供RAB22A作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途。
本发明第二方面提供RAB22A抑制剂在制备至少具备以下功效之一的产品中的用途:
治疗心肌梗死;
减轻心肌细胞炎症浸润;
减少心肌细胞缺失;
抑制心肌细胞凋亡;
抑制心肌纤维化;
抑制ROS上调;
治疗心肌梗死后心室重构。
本发明第三方面提供一种用于降低生物体中RAB22A基因表达的核酸分子,所述核酸分子的靶序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本发明第四方面提供一种RAB22A干扰核酸构建体,含有编码前述核酸分子,能表达所述核酸分子。
本发明第五方面提供前述核酸分子,或前述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体的用途,为:用于制备治疗心肌梗死的药物,或用于制备降低生物体中RAB22A表达的试剂盒。
本发明第六方面提供一种用于预防或治疗心肌梗死的组合物,其有效物质含有:前述的核酸分子;和/或,前述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体,以及药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明首次发现RAB22A可以作为一个潜在的靶位点应用在制备治疗心肌梗死的药物中。抑制RAB22A基因的表达后可有效地治疗心肌梗死。本发明提供的核酸分子或者包含该核酸分子的核酸构建体能够特异性抑制减轻心肌细胞炎症浸润;减少心肌细胞缺失;抑制心肌细胞凋亡;抑制心肌纤维化;抑制ROS上调;治疗心肌梗死后心室重构。为心肌梗死治疗开辟新的方向。
附图说明
图1A:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏功能的影响,第一周,为超声心动图,箭头分别表示心室收缩与舒张时室间隔厚度。
图1B:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏功能的影响,第一周,为左室射血分数(LVEF)和左室短轴收缩率(LVFS)的统计图。
图1C:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏功能的影响,第二周,为超声心动图,箭头分别表示心室收缩与舒张时室间隔厚度。
图1D:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏功能的影响,第二周,为左室射血分数(LVEF)何左室短轴收缩率(LVFS)的统计图。
图2A:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏病理形态改变的影响,为各组小鼠HE染色图。
图2B:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏病理形态改变的影响,为各组小鼠心脏指数图(心脏指数=心脏重量/胫骨长度)。
图3A:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌纤维化的影响,为各组小鼠Masson染色检测心肌纤维化情况。
图3B:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌纤维化的影响,为Western-blot检测纤维化相关蛋白的表达。
图4A:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响,为Tunel染色检测各组小鼠的心肌细胞凋亡情况。
图4B:敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌纤维化的影响,为Western-blot检测凋亡相关指标的变化。
图5A:敲除RAB22A对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞ROS生成的影响,为激光共聚焦检测α-actin表达情况图。
图5B:敲除RAB22A对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞ROS生成的影响,为激光共聚焦检测ROS表达情况图(其中,NS为生理盐水对照组)。
附图中,
柱形图代表三次实验的平均值,误差线表示标准偏差(SD)。
*,P<0.05。
具体实施方式
心肌梗死后心室重构发病机制复杂,主要与血流动力学障碍、神经内分泌系统的激活、炎性细胞因子的作用、心肌细胞肥大、心肌细胞凋亡的发生、心肌纤维化、基质金属蛋白酶的调控相关,但其具体的发病机制目前尚不明确。其中心肌细胞凋亡与心肌纤维化是心室重构最主要的病理生理改变。心肌细胞凋亡:心肌梗死后心肌细胞不仅会发生缺血性坏死,在梗死区与非梗死区均会出现大量心肌细胞凋亡的现象。心肌细胞的坏死及凋亡与心室重构呈正相关。其发生机制为心肌细胞凋亡,使得细胞与细胞间的紧密连接被破坏,在内压作用下引起心肌细胞束间发生移动,造成梗死区向外彭出,心室扩大。研究表明,心肌细胞凋亡促进心室重构的发生发展,而心室重构又会造成心肌细胞凋亡,如此反复,最终发展为心力衰竭。研究报道,心肌细胞缺血缺氧后细胞内ROS生成增加进一步促进HIF-1α蛋白表达明显上调,高表达的HIF-1α能够上调p53蛋白表达,p53进一步通过调控Bax/Bcl-2蛋白,导致线粒体损伤,进而引起细胞色素C从线粒体释放入胞质,激活Caspase蛋白导致细胞凋亡。可见,抑制ROS/HIF-1α通路可能是缓解心肌细胞凋亡的重要途径。心肌纤维化:心肌纤维化是心肌梗死后心室重构发生发展的重要病理过程。心肌梗死早期细胞外基质合成增多,形成瘢痕组织防止心脏破裂,而后期细胞外基质的过度沉积会导致心肌纤维化,造成室壁僵硬,心室舒张功能减退。目前认为TGF-β/Smad是心肌纤维化最主要的信号通路,成纤维细胞以及巨噬细胞表达的TGF-β通过磷酸化Smad蛋白,促进成纤维细胞转化和增殖以及细胞外基质的合成,并通过减少细胞外基质的降解,从而导致心肌纤维化。研究报道,心肌梗死后心脏组织中高表达ROS以及HIF-1α能够促进I型胶原蛋白以及III型胶原蛋白的合成从而介导心肌纤维化的发生。更有研究报道,ROS以及HIF-1α能够激活TGF-β/Smad通路从而促进瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞增殖,加速瘢痕疙瘩形成。可见,抑制ROS/HIF-1α通路可能是缓解心肌纤维化的重要途径。
Rab是一类与细胞膜转运包括囊泡形成,囊泡运输和细胞膜融合相关的极度保守蛋白家族,目前被报道至少含有60个成员。RAB22A是一个分子量为22KD的蛋白,参与内吞受体返回细胞膜上的生理过程,并且参与多种物质转运和能量代谢过程。以往研究表明RAB22A与RAB5共同参与物质转运,并且当RAB22A低表达时,刺激RAB5反应性高表达。近期研究报道,在氧化应激条件下,RAB5会从晚期内含体上通过细胞质转移至线粒体表面,下调Bax蛋白表达,抑制线粒体释放细胞色素C,进一步降低Caspase3等凋亡相关蛋白表达,从而抑制线粒体介导的细胞凋亡。而RAB22A作为RAB5的协同转运蛋白是否参与氧化应激下线粒体介导的细胞凋亡,尚未见报道。TGF-β1/Smad通路激活是参与心肌梗死后心肌纤维化的重要因素。Rab家族被报道参与TGF-β1/Smad通路活化,作为RAB22A的协同转运蛋白RAB5能够稳定初级内含体中的SARA(受体活化时SMAD的锚定点)蛋白,介导TGF-β、TGF-βII型受体复合物激活Smad蛋白,启动基因的转录。RAB22A是否也参与TGF-β1/Smad通路活化,目前未见报道。
在进一步描述本发明具体实施方式之前,应理解,本发明的保护范围不局限于下述特定的具体实施方案;还应当理解,本发明实施例中使用的术语是为了描述特定的具体实施方案,而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的试验方法,通常按照常规条件,或者按照各制造商所建议的条件。
当实施例给出数值范围时,应理解,除非本发明另有说明,每个数值范围的两个端点以及两个端点之间任何一个数值均可选用。除非另外定义,本发明中使用的所有技术和科学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。除实施例中使用的具体方法、设备、材料外,根据本技术领域的技术人员对现有技术的掌握及本发明的记载,还可以使用与本发明实施例中所述的方法、设备、材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、设备和材料来实现本发明。
除非另外说明,本发明中所公开的实验方法、检测方法、制备方法均采用本技术领域常规的分子生物学、生物化学、染色质结构和分析、分析化学、细胞培养、重组DNA技术及相关领域的常规技术。
本发明一实施例提供RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途。
所述RAB22A在制备心肌梗死治疗产品的用途具体是指:将RAB22A作为作用对象,对药物或制剂进行筛选,以找到可以抑制人RAB22A表达的药物作为心肌梗死治疗备选药物。如本发明所述的RAB22A干扰RNA(shRNA)即是以人RAB22A为作用对象筛选获得的,可用作具有抑制心肌梗死作用的药物。除此之外,诸如抗体药物,小分子药物等也可将RAB22A作为作用对象。
RAB22A的genbank号为:
人(Human):57403;
大鼠(rat):366265;
小鼠(mus):19334。
进一步的,靶标序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
所述心肌梗死治疗产品为能够特异性抑制或沉默RAB22A的转录或翻译,或能够特异性抑制或沉默RAB22A蛋白的表达或活性的分子,从而降低生物体中RAB22A的表达水平,达到抑制心肌梗死的目的。
所述通过RAB22A制备获得的心肌梗死治疗产品或者心肌梗死诊断产品可以为但不限于:核酸分子、碳水化合物、脂类、小分子化学药、抗体药、多肽、蛋白、干扰慢病毒或基因打靶载体。
所述核酸可以为但不限于:反义寡核苷酸、双链RNA(dsRNA)、核酶、核糖核酸内切酶III制备的小干扰RNA或者短发夹RNA(shRNA)。
所述心肌梗死治疗产品的施用量为足够降低RAB22A的转录或翻译,或者足够降低人RAB22A蛋白的表达或活性的剂量。以使人RAB22A的表达至少被降低50%、80%、90%、95%或99%。
采用前述心肌梗死治疗产治疗心肌梗死的方法,主要是通过降低人RAB22A的表达水平来达到治疗的目的。具体的,治疗时,将能有效降低人RAB22A表达水平的物质给药于患者。
本发明一实施例为RAB22A抑制剂在制备至少具备以下功效之一的产品中的用途:
治疗心肌梗死;
减轻心肌细胞炎症浸润;
减少心肌细胞缺失;
抑制心肌细胞凋亡;
抑制心肌纤维化;
抑制ROS上调;
治疗心肌梗死后心室重构。
所述RAB22A抑制剂是指对于RAB22A具有抑制效果的分子。对于RAB22A具有抑制效果包括但不限于:抑制RAB22A的表达或活性。
抑制RAB22A活性是指使RAB22A活力下降。优选地,相比抑制前,RAB22A活力下降至少10%,较佳的降低至少30%,再佳的降低至少50%,更佳的降低至少70%,最佳的降低至少90%。
抑制RAB22A表达具体的可以是抑制RAB22A的转录或翻译,具体的,可以是指:使RAB22A的基因不转录,或降低RAB22A的基因的转录活性,或者使RAB22A的基因不翻译,或降低RAB22A的基因的翻译水平。
本领域技术人员可以使用常规方法对RAB22A的基因表达进行调节,如基因敲除、同源重组,干扰RNA等。
RAB22A的基因表达的抑制可以通过qRT-PCR检测表达量验证。
优选地,与野生型相比,RAB22A表达降低至少10%,较佳的降低至少30%,再佳的降低至少50%,更佳的降低至少70%,又佳的降低至少90%,最佳地RAB22A完全没有表达。
所述产品必然包括RAB22A抑制剂,并以RAB22A抑制剂作为前述功效的有效成分。
所述产品中,发挥前述功用的有效成分可仅为RAB22A抑制剂,亦可包含其他可起到前述功用的分子。
亦即,RAB22A抑制剂为所述产品的唯一有效成分或有效成分之一。
所述产品可以为单成分物质,亦可为多成分物质。
所述产品的形式无特殊限制,可以为固体、液体、凝胶、半流质、气雾等各种物质形式。
所述产品主要针对的对象为哺乳动物。所述哺乳动物优选为啮齿目动物、偶蹄目动物、奇蹄目动物、兔形目动物、灵长目动物等。所述灵长目动物优选为猴、猿或人。
所述产品包括但不限于药物、保健品、食品等。
所述RAB22A抑制剂可以为核酸分子、抗体、小分子化合物。
小分子化合物在本发明中指由几个或几十个原子组成,分子质量在1000以下的化合物。
所述RAB22A抑制剂可以为降低生物体中RAB22A表达的核酸分子。具体的,可以是双链RNA或shRNA。
所述RAB22A抑制剂可以为市售产品。例如Origene公司生产的Rab22a HumanRNAi,货号为SR311457;Santa Cruz公司生产的Rab22a Human RNAi,货号为sc-76324。
如本发明实施例所列举,所述RAB22A抑制剂可以为降低生物体中RAB22A基因表达的基因打靶载体。
本发明一实施例为一种治疗心肌梗死的方法,为向对象施用RAB22A抑制剂。
所述的对象可以为哺乳动物。所述哺乳动物优选为啮齿目动物、偶蹄目动物、奇蹄目动物、兔形目动物、灵长目动物等。所述灵长目动物优选为猴、猿或人。
所述对象可以是罹患心肌梗死的患者或者期待治疗的心肌梗死的个体。
所述RAB22A抑制剂可以在接受心肌梗死治疗前、中、后向对象施用。
本发明一实施例为降低生物体中RAB22A表达的核酸分子,所述核酸分子包含双链RNA或shRNA。
其中,所述双链RNA中含有能够与RAB22A杂交的核苷酸序列;
所述shRNA中含有能够与RAB22A杂交的核苷酸序列。
进一步的,所述双链RNA包含第一链和第二链,所述第一链和所述第二链互补共同形成RNA二聚体,并且所述第一链的序列与RAB22A中的靶序列相同。
所述RAB22A中的靶序列即为核酸分子用于特异性沉默RAB22A表达时,被所述核酸分子识别并沉默的mRNA片段所对应的RAB22A中的片段。
进一步的,所述shRNA或双链RNA的靶序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。具体的:
GGCATCTTTTATGACCAAGACTGTCCAGTACCAAAATGAGCTACATAAATTCCTAATCTGGGATACAGCTGGACAAGAACGA。
进一步的,所述双链RNA为小干扰RNA(siRNA)。
所述shRNA包括正义链片段和反义链片段,以及连接所述正义链片段和反义链片段的茎环结构,所述正义链片段和所述反义链片段的序列互补,并且所述正义链片段的序列与RAB22A中的靶序列相同。
所述shRNA经酶切加工后可成为小干扰RNA(siRNA)进而起到特异性沉默生物体内源RAB22A表达的作用。
进一步的,所述shRNA的茎环结构的序列可选自以下任一:UUCAAGAGA、AUG、CCC、UUCG、CCACC、CTCGAG、AAGCUU和CCACACC。
所述shRNA可以为shRAB22A,其正义链片段核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
本申请一实施例的用于降低生物体中RAB22A基因表达的核酸分子,所述核酸分子的靶序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
进一步的,所述核酸分子包括如SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
进一步的,所述核酸分子包括以下元件:同源臂-LoxP-第3号外显子-Frt-Neo-Frt-LoxP-同源臂-DTA。
其中LoxP,Neo,Frt和DTA均为打靶技术常规序列,第一段同源臂为RAB22A的第2号内含子,第二段同源臂为RAB22A的第4号内含子。
所述第3号外显子即为SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
本发明一实施例为RAB22A干扰核酸构建体,含有编码前述核酸分子,能表达所述核酸分子。
所述的RAB22A干扰核酸构建体可以是将编码前述打靶序列的基因片段克隆入已知载体获得。
可选的,所述已知载体为为细菌人工染色体(Bacterial ArtificialChromosome,BAC)。
可采用本领域常规打靶表达载体构建方法进行构建。
本发明的RAB22AsiRNA可用于抑制心肌梗死,进一步地可以用作治疗心肌梗死的药物或制剂。RAB22A干扰核酸构建体可用于制备所述RAB22AsiRNA。当用作治疗心肌梗死的药物或制剂时,是将安全有效量的所述核酸分子施用于哺乳动物。具体剂量还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素,这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
本发明一实施例为前述核酸分子,或前述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体的用途,为:用于制备治疗心肌梗死的药物,或用于制备降低生物体中RAB22A表达的试剂盒。
可以利用用于降低生物体中RAB22A表达的核酸分子;和/或,RAB22A干扰核酸构建体;作为有效成分,制备治疗心肌梗死的药物。通常,所述药物中除了有效成分外,根据不同剂型的需要,还会包括一种或多种药学上可接受的载体或辅料。
“药学上可接受的”是指当分子本体和组合物适当地给予动物或人时,它们不会产生不利的、过敏的或其它不良反应。
“药学上可接受的载体或辅料”应当与所述有效成分相容,即能与其共混而不会在通常情况下大幅度降低药物的效果。可作为药学上可接受的载体或辅料的一些物质的具体例子是糖类,如乳糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;淀粉,如玉米淀粉和土豆淀粉;纤维素及其衍生物,如甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素和甲基纤维素;西黄蓍胶粉末;麦芽;明胶;滑石;固体润滑剂,如硬脂酸和硬脂酸镁;硫酸钙;植物油,如花生油、棉籽油、芝麻油、橄榄油、玉米油和可可油;多元醇,如丙二醇、甘油、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇和聚乙二醇;海藻酸;乳化剂,如Tween;润湿剂,如月桂基硫酸钠;着色剂;调味剂;压片剂、稳定剂;抗氧化剂;防腐剂;无热原水;等渗盐溶液;和磷酸盐缓冲液等。这些物质根据需要用于帮助配方的稳定性或有助于提高活性或它的生物有效性或在口服的情况下产生可接受的口感或气味。
本发明中,除非特别说明,药物剂型并无特别限定,可以被制成针剂、口服液、片剂、胶囊、滴丸、喷剂等剂型,可通过常规方法进行制备。药物剂型的选择应与给药方式相匹配。
所述预防或治疗心肌梗死的药物的应用为心肌梗死的治疗提供了一种方法,具体为一种预防或治疗对象体内心肌梗死的方法,包括将有效剂量的所述的药物施用于对象中。
进一步的,所述药物用于预防或治疗对象体内心肌梗死时,需要将有效剂量的所述的药物施用于对象中。采用该方法,所述心肌梗死被抑制。所述方法的对象可以为人。
本发明一实施例为种用于预防或治疗心肌梗死的组合物,其有效物质含有:
前述的核酸分子;和/或,前述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体;和/或,前述RAB22A干扰病毒,以及药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
所述组合物可以为药物组合物。
当所述组合物用于预防或治疗对象体内心肌梗死时,需要将有效剂量的所述的组合物施用于对象中。
所述组合物的形式无特殊限制,可以为固体、液体、凝胶、半流质、气雾等各种物质形式。
所述组合物主要针对的对象为哺乳动物。所述哺乳动物优选为啮齿目动物、偶蹄目动物、奇蹄目动物、兔形目动物、灵长目动物等。所述灵长目动物优选为猴、猿或人。
上述应用中,可特别针对心肌梗死进行制备用于心肌梗死的诊断试剂,也可制作用于治疗的药物和方法。
实施例1
一、实验材料与方法
1实验材料
1.1实验动物
本实验采用SPF级C57BL/6小鼠雄性小鼠,体重20-25±3g。实验动物由上海斯莱克实验动物中心提供,实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(闽)2014-0001。RAB22A敲除的C57BL/6小鼠委托赛业生物科技有限公司构建,并与我校SPF级动物中心饲养和繁育。动物实验按照国家科技部于2006年发布的《实验动物治疗指南》和美国国家卫生研究院发布的《实验动物护理和使用指南》进行。置于福建中医药大学特定无致病性实验动物中心,SPF级实验室中饲养,自由活动进食、饮水,室内通风光照充足,室温控制在(25±1)℃,相对湿度60%左右,12h光照/黑暗循环,在实验前,老鼠被允许适应这些条件至少7天。保持饲养环境安静无打扰。
1.2实验药物及主要试剂
Western及IP裂解液,PMSF,SDS-PAGE蛋白上样缓冲液(5X),30%丙烯酰胺,TMEMD,Western封闭液,一抗稀释液,二抗稀释液,超敏ECL化学发光试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司);Coaktail(MedChemExpress);PBS缓冲液,电泳转移缓冲液,20×TBS,0.25%tween,苏木素和伊红染色液(北京索莱宝科技有限公司);Masson三色染色试剂盒(北京索莱宝科技有限公司);BCA蛋白定量分析试剂盒,蛋白marker(ThermoFisher Scientific);Bax抗体(CST,14796s,USA);Bcl-2抗体(CST,15071s,USA);caspase3抗体(CST,);TGF-β抗体(CST,9662s,USA);CollagenIII抗体(Abcam,ab7778,USA);RAB22A抗体(Abcam,ab137093,USA);Angiotensin II(Abcam,ab120183);渗透微型泵(Alzet模型2002D);;异氟烷(深圳市瑞沃德生命科技有限公司)。
1.3实验主要仪器
Western-blot电泳仪,Western-blot转膜仪(美国Bio-Rad公司);ELX800酶标仪(美国BioTek公司);水平摇床(海门市其林贝尔仪器制造有限公司);化学发光成像系统(ChemiDocXRS美国Bio-Rad公司);恒温金属浴(上海培青);移液器(德国Eppendorf);电子天平秤(上海奥豪斯仪器有限公司);小动物超声成像系统Vevo2100(富士胶片投资有限公司);吸入式小动物麻醉机(深圳市瑞沃德生命科技有限公司);病理切片机(德国莱卡公司);石蜡包埋机(湖北孝感亚光医用电子技术有限公司);生物组织自动脱水机(湖北孝感亚光医用电子技术有限公司。
2实验方法
2.1通过ES打靶构建RAB22A敲除小鼠
小鼠RAB22A基因位于第2号染色体,共有7个外显子,利用同源重组的方式,将外源性基因定点置换RAB22A的第3号外显子,以达到敲除RAB22A的作用。具体步骤如下:(1)构建打靶载体:经PCR的方式产生打靶序列,包含以下元件:同源臂-LoxP-第3号外显子-Frt-Neo-Frt-LoxP-同源臂-DTA(其中LoxP,Neo,Frt和DTA均为打靶技术常规序列,第一段同源臂为RAB22A的第2号内含子,第二段同源臂为RAB22A的第4号内含子。靶向的第3号外显子序列为:GGCATCTTTTATGACCAAGACTGTCCAGTACCAAAATGAGCTACATAAATTCCTAATCTGGGATACAGCTGGACAAGAACGA(SEQ ID NO:1),并将打靶序列构建至打靶载体BAC上。(2)电转打靶ES细胞:将打靶载体通过电击转换入ES细胞中,培养过夜后,向培养基中加入G418和Ganoyclovir,若发生同源重组,则ES细胞能够在含药培养基中存活,若发生非同源重组,DTA表达产物能将Ganoyclovir代谢成有害物质杀死宿主细胞,即为正负筛选。(3)囊胚注射:将阳性细胞注射入从交配后3.5天的供体母鼠子宫内获取的囊胚中,并将囊胚移植于母体中,待嵌合体小鼠F0出生。(4)去除Neo基因:F0代小鼠与野生型小鼠杂交后,得到获得去除Neo抗性且单条染色体有Flox阳性F1代杂合子小鼠Flox+/-。(5)获得纯合子:F1代小鼠自交得到F2代Flox+/+小鼠。(6)获得Cre阳性小鼠:将F2代小鼠与表达Cre酶的小鼠杂交,得到表达Cre酶的F3代杂合子小鼠(RAB22A+/-)。(7)获得RAB22A纯合子小鼠:将F3代小鼠自交获得F4代小鼠,基因型为RAB22A-/-(KO)、RAB22A+/+(WT)和RAB22A+/-。
2.2动物分组及干预
取8~10周龄的雄性WT小鼠随机分为WT+Sham组(n=6),WT+MI组(n=6),(其中,WT+Sham组的小鼠只开胸暴露心脏后缝合,不做其它处理;WT+MI组小鼠行开胸后冠状动脉左前降支结扎手术后缝合)
8~10周龄的雄性KO小鼠随机分为KO+Sham组(n=6),KO+MI组(n=6)。(其中,KO+Sham组的小鼠只开胸暴露心脏,不做其它处理;KO+MI组小鼠行开胸后冠状动脉左前降支结扎手术处理)
结扎左冠状动脉前降支建立心肌梗死模型:小鼠仰卧位,左侧第三、四肋骨间钝性分开肌肉,止血钳撑开第三、四肋骨,迅速挤出心脏后,6-0带线缝合针结扎左冠状动脉前降支,结扎位置为左心耳下1mm,进针深度0.5mm为准,术中以结扎部位以下心梗区心肌变为苍白色,判断是否结扎成功,连接心电图进一步判断是否造模成功。术后常规给予腹腔注射青霉素每天每只10万/U,连续给药3天。并且对切口皮肤进行消毒,防止感染。
分别于处理1周、2周后测量各组心脏功能,2周后终止实验。
2.3小动物超声检测小鼠心脏功能
于术后第一周、第二周使用Vevo 2100动物超声仪进行小鼠心脏功能检测。实验动物经2%异氟烷吸入麻醉下仰卧位固定于37℃恒温加热板上,胸部脱毛后,将探头置于胸部,探头频率为400MHz。采集胸骨旁长轴切面、左室短轴切面,在乳头肌后缘应用M型超声记录左室运动情况。测量指标包括:左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd),左室收缩末期内径(LVESd),左室射血分数(LVEF),左室短轴收缩率(LVFS)等。比较各组小鼠心脏功能变化。其中,LVEF(%)=(LV Vol;d–LV Vol;s)/LV Vol;d×100%and LVFS(%)=(LVID;d-LVID;s)/LVID;d×100%
2.4 HE染色
取急性心肌梗死术后14天小鼠心脏,置于4%多聚甲醛中固定24h后,采用低浓度至高浓度的无水乙醇进行组织脱水处理,再将组织块置于二甲苯中透明,以二甲苯替换出组织块的中酒精,在浸腊之后对血管组织进行石蜡包埋处理,冷却凝固成块即成。将包埋好的蜡块固定于切片机上,切成3μm薄片,切下的薄片放至37℃的水中烫平,再贴到载玻片上,置于60℃烘烤1h制成石蜡切片。组织切片在二甲苯I、II透明处理,在乙醇梯度中再水化。样品在苏木精溶液中染色1min,在伊红溶液中染色10s,晾干,中性树胶封片,于镜下观察心脏和血管组织的病理形态改变。
2.5 Tunel染色
4%多聚甲醛固定小鼠心脏24h后,小鼠心脏经脱水、透明、包埋、切片、粘贴、烘干制成石蜡切片。心脏的石蜡切片进行二甲苯(I)、(II)脱蜡,无水乙醇(I)、(II),95%、80%、70%乙醇中梯度脱水后,用Proteinase K工作液处理组织15-30min在21–37°,PBS漂洗2次;制备TUNEL反应混合液,处理组用50μl TdT+450μl荧光素标记的dUTP液混匀;而阴性对照组仅加50μl荧光素标记的dUTP液,阳性对照组先加入100μl DNase 1,反应在15~25℃×10min,后面步骤同处理组。玻片干后,加50μl TUNEL反应混合液(阴性对照组仅加50μl荧光素标记的dUTP液)于标本上,加盖玻片或封口膜在暗湿盒中反应37℃×1h。PBS漂洗3次;玻片干后加50μl converter-POD于标本上,加盖玻片或封口膜在暗湿盒中反应37℃×30min,PBS漂洗3次;在组织处加50~100μlDAB底物染色1min,PBS漂洗3次,苏木素染核1min,水洗,晾干封片,图像采集及分析。
2.6 Masson染色
取心梗术后14天固定的小鼠心脏石蜡切片,经组织脱水,包埋,切片后,将切片进行二甲苯透明处理,乙醇进行梯度脱蜡,依次自来水和蒸馏水洗。随后用Regaud苏木精染液或Weigert苏木精液染核5-10min,充分水洗,用Masson丽春红酸性复红液5-10min,以2%冰醋酸水溶液浸洗片刻,1%磷钼酸水溶液分化3-5min,不经水洗,直接用苯胺蓝或光绿液染5min,随后用0.2%冰醋酸水溶液浸洗,95%酒精、无水酒精脱水,二甲苯透明、中性树胶封固,镜下观察纤维化程度改变。
2.7心肌原代细胞提取及培养
乳鼠75%乙醇全身消毒,眼科剪沿剑突处正中线开胸,轻轻挤出心脏,迅速用弯显微镊取下心脏,放入盛有冷DMEM/F12培养液的平皿中。用眼科剪剪掉两心耳,轻柔清洗留血液后心脏转入另一盛有DMEM/F1培养液的培养皿中,将心脏均匀剪成约1mm3的碎片。将心脏脆片组织转入无菌离心管中,加入约10倍体积的消化液(胰酶0.125%,胶原酶Ⅱ0.125%),将离心管放入37℃温水中,不时振荡以保持心肌碎片始终悬浮状态。首次消化10min,自然沉降,弃上清液。再加约10倍沉淀体积的消化液继续消化15min(不时振荡以保持心肌碎片始终处于悬浮状态,后同),自然沉降,吸取上清液转移至另一离心管,加1倍体积含20%血清的完全培养液终止消化。剩下的心肌碎片补加消化液直至消化完全。合并上清液,400g离心8min,弃去上清液,加入适量培养基,轻柔吹打重悬细胞。将细胞悬液经40μm细胞过滤网过滤,以滤去细胞团块,将细胞接种于100mm培养皿中进行差时贴壁90min,以除去心肌成纤维细胞和血管细胞等非心肌细胞。轻轻吸出上清液,40μm滤网过滤,加入溴脱氧尿苷(BrdU),使其培养液终浓度为0.1mmol/L,轻柔混匀之后,37℃5%CO2培养,完全培养液含0.1mmol/L BrdU。
2.8原代心肌细胞纯度鉴定
心肌细胞接种于35mm激光共聚焦培养皿中培养24h,取出PBS清洗后加组织固定液室温固定12min,吸去固定液PBS轻柔漂洗5min×3次。弃PBS液,0.2%TritonX-100室温通透5min,PBS液漂洗5min×3次。5%羊血清室温封闭2h,吸去封闭液,滴加α-actin抗体,用封口膜盖好,4℃孵育过夜。第二天,PBS液漂洗5min×6次,滴加二抗37℃避光孵育1.5h。PBS液漂洗5min×3次,DAPI染色5min。荧光镜下激光共聚焦下拍照,免疫荧光染色阳性者为心肌细胞,同一视野下普通光下观察、拍照、计数肌细胞总数,计算心肌细胞纯度。
2.9心肌细胞ROS检测
原代心肌细胞接种于激光共聚焦专用的35mm培养皿后,置于培养箱中培养,使细胞贴壁,待细胞汇合度为50%-60%后,加入100μM H2O2继续培养24h。使用MolecularProbes公司的Image-iT LIVE green reactive oxygen species detection kit试剂盒进行ROS检测步骤如下:用室温平衡后的HBSS/Ca/Mg缓冲液轻柔的洗涤细胞一次,取2ml的25μMCarboxy-H2DCFDA加入细胞培养皿置于37℃培养箱,避光孵育25min。孵育结束后,加入2μlHoechst 33342使其浓度为1μM,继续置于37℃培养箱,避光孵育5min。孵育结束后,HBSS/Ca/Mg缓冲液轻柔的洗涤细胞三次,最终加入2ml室温平衡的HBSS/Ca/Mg缓冲液,使用激光共聚焦观察并拍照。
2.10统计学分析
三、实验结果
3.1敲除RAB22A基因对心肌梗死小鼠心脏功能的影响
采用小动物超声检测RAB22A敲除对小鼠左室射血分数(LVEF),左室短轴收缩率(LVFS)的影响(图1A、图1B、图1C和图1D)。分别于手术后第一周、第二周检测小鼠心脏功能,结果显示,与WT+Sham组相比,WT+MI组LVEF及LVFS均显著上升,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与WT+MI组相比,KO+Sham组和KO+MI组LVEF及LVFS均显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示敲除RAB22A后显著抑制心肌梗死导致的心脏功能减退。
3.2敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心脏病理形态的影响
通过HE染色对比各组小鼠的心脏病理改变,结果如图2A和图2B所示,与WT+Sham组相比较,WT+MI组心肌细胞大量缺失,炎症细胞浸润。而与WT+MI组相比较,KO+MI组仍有大量心肌细胞存在,炎症浸润减轻,与KO+Sham相近,提示RAB22A敲除能够改善心肌梗死导致的心脏病理改变。
3.3敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌纤维化的影响
Masson染色检测各组小鼠的心脏纤维化改变情况,结果如图3A所示,与WT+Sham组相比较,WT+MI组心肌组织中大量胶原沉积。而与WT+MI组相比较,KO+MI心脏组织中胶原沉积明显减少。进一步提取各组小鼠心脏组织蛋白,Western-blot检测纤维化相关指标改变,结果如图3B所示,与WT+Sham组相比较,WT+MI组TGF-β以及CollagenIII表达明显上调。而与WT+MI组相比较,KO+MI心脏组织TGF-β以及CollagenIII表达下调,提示RAB22A敲除能够改善心肌梗死导致的心肌纤维化。
3.4敲除RAB22A对心肌梗死小鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响
通过Tunel染色对比各组小鼠的心脏病理改变心肌细胞凋亡情况,结果如图4A所示,与WT+Sham组相比较,WT+MI组心肌细胞凋亡明显(图中棕褐色的凋亡细胞明显增多)。而与WT+MI组相比较KO+MI心脏组织中凋亡细胞明显减少(棕褐色凋亡细胞减少)。
进一步提取各组小鼠心脏组织蛋白,Western-blot检测凋亡相关指标改变,结果如图4B所示,与WT+Sham组相比较,WT+MI组Bax表达明显上调、Bcl-2表达明显下调。而与WT+MI组相比较,KO+MI心脏组织Bax表达下调,而Bcl-2表达明显上调。提示RAB22A敲除能够改善心肌梗死导致的心肌细胞凋亡。
3.5敲除RAB22A对H2O2诱导的心肌细胞ROS生成的影响
提取RAB22A敲除以及对照乳鼠原代心肌细胞进行体外培养后,激光共聚焦检测α-actin表达,结果提示从WT小鼠以及Rab22敲除鼠所提取的原代心肌细胞纯度较高,不含其它细胞:如心肌成纤维细胞等(图5A),可用于后续实验研究。心肌细胞进一步用H2O2 100μm刺激24h后,激光共聚焦检测细胞ROS表达,结果显示:WT小鼠原代心肌细胞经过H2O2刺激后ROS生成明显增多(图中绿色代表生成的ROS)而Rab22a敲除小鼠原代心肌细胞经过相同条件H2O2刺激后ROS生成明显少于WT原代心肌细胞。表明H2O2能够明显升高细胞内ROS表达,RAB22A敲除能够抑制H2O2诱导的ROS上调(图5B)。
二、实验结论
RAB22A敲除能够显著降低MI引起心脏功能减退,具有缓解MI导致的心肌细胞凋亡以及心肌纤维化,提示RAB22A是治疗心肌梗死后心室重构的重要靶点。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还将可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。
序列表
<110> 福建中医药大学
<120> RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途及相关产品
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 82
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
ggcatctttt atgaccaaga ctgtccagta ccaaaatgag ctacataaat tcctaatctg 60
ggatacagct ggacaagaac ga 82
Claims (9)
1.RAB22A基因作为靶标在制备心肌梗死治疗产品中的用途。
2.RAB22A抑制剂在制备至少具备以下功效之一的产品中的用途:
治疗心肌梗死;
减轻心肌细胞炎症浸润;
减少心肌细胞缺失;
抑制心肌细胞凋亡;
抑制心肌纤维化;
抑制ROS上调;
治疗心肌梗死后心室重构。
3.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,还包括以下特征中的一项或多项:
1)所述RAB22A抑制剂是指对RAB22A具有抑制效果的分子;
2)所述RAB22A抑制剂为产品的唯一有效成分或有效成分之一;
3)所述RAB22A抑制剂选自双链RNA、shRNA、抗体、小分子化合物基因打靶载体。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于,所述RAB22A抑制剂的靶序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
5.一种用于降低生物体中RAB22A基因表达的核酸分子,其特征在于,所述核酸分子的靶序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
6.如权利要求5所述的用于降低生物体中RAB22A基因表达的核酸分子,其特征在于,所述核酸分子包括如SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列。
7.一种RAB22A干扰核酸构建体,含有编码权利要求5-6任一权利要求所述的核酸分子,能表达所述核酸分子。
8.如权利要求5-6任一权利要求所述的核酸分子,或权利要求7所述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体的用途,为:用于制备治疗心肌梗死的药物,或用于制备降低生物体中RAB22A表达的试剂盒。
9.一种用于治疗心肌梗死的组合物,其有效物质含有:
权利要求5-6任一权利要求所述的核酸分子;和/或,权利要求7所述RAB22A干扰核酸构建体,以及药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
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