CN112241066A - Multi-angle imaging microscope and ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction method - Google Patents
Multi-angle imaging microscope and ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a multi-angle imaging microscope and a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of different angles by using a multi-angle imaging microscope; processing the two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles at different angles, and establishing indexes from each contour angular point in the two-dimensional image of the ferrographic abrasive particles to each coordinate point of the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles to obtain a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional point cloud; the ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional point cloud is refined through a light beam adjustment method, the refined ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional point cloud is reconstructed through a point cloud library, the ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional appearance is generated, compared with the traditional ferrographic abrasive two-dimensional image information analysis, more three-dimensional characteristic appearance information of typical ferrographic abrasive can be extracted, the severe friction and wear working condition of analysis equipment is facilitated, and the accuracy and reliability of equipment fault diagnosis are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of machinery, in particular to a multi-angle imaging microscope and a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction method.
Background
Ferrography (Ferrography) is an oil analysis technique for separating, detecting and analyzing wear particles from lubricating or hydraulic oils. The principle is that the high gradient strong magnetic field of an iron spectrometer is utilized to separate abrasion particles generated in a kinematic pair when mechanical equipment runs from a lubricating medium, the abrasion particles are orderly deposited on a microscopic glass substrate according to the particle size to prepare an iron spectrum sheet, then the iron spectrum sheet is placed under an iron spectrum microscope or a scanning electron microscope for observation, and the information of the abrasion type, the abrasion degree and the abrasion part of the mechanical equipment is obtained through the analysis (qualitative analysis) of the shape, the size, the color and the surface texture of the abrasion particles and the analysis (quantitative analysis) of the quantity distribution of the abrasion particles, so that the abrasion mechanism of the mechanical equipment is researched, and the abrasion state and the fault reason of the mechanical equipment are monitored and diagnosed.
Ferrographic analysis has long been mainly based on two-dimensional image analysis of abrasive particles, and abrasive particle characteristic information is extracted through an image processing means to identify the abrasive particles, so that the abrasion working condition of equipment is judged. The Anderson atlas is a typical and perfect two-dimensional ferrographic abrasive grain image set established in the early stage, and provides great help for the ferrographic abrasive grain image processing research in the later stage, so that the state detection and fault diagnosis based on the abrasive grain analysis technology have a certain effect, and the development of the oil analysis technology is promoted to a certain extent.
However, the appearance characteristics of the abrasive particles are three-dimensional, and the two-dimensional ferrographic abrasive particle image can only extract information such as the color, the size, the shape and the two-dimensional texture of the abrasive particles. Therefore, three-dimensional morphology feature information such as thickness and texture of typical wear particles cannot be accurately acquired only according to the two-dimensional image morphological features of the wear particles, and sufficient wear particle information cannot be provided for the working condition analysis of equipment. In recent years, with the development of computer image processing technology, it has become possible to obtain three-dimensional images of the surface of an object by using image processing technology under an optical microscope, such as three-dimensional measurement of abrasive grains by using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), a laser confocal scanning microscope (LSCM), a laser interference range (IM), and a stereo electron microscope (3-DSEM), and measurement is performed by fixing particles on a spectral slide and a stage.
The current measurement method is as follows: the method has the advantages that the multi-angle view of abrasive particle analysis is increased to a certain extent, but the image visual angle is still limited and random, so that partial angle views needing to be collected cannot be collected.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems, a multi-angle imaging microscope and a ferrographic abrasive grain three-dimensional shape reconstruction method capable of solving the problem that a part of angle views required to be acquired cannot be acquired are provided.
A multi-angle imaging microscope, the multi-angle imaging microscope comprising: the device comprises an imaging unit, a base, a rotating unit, an objective table and a light supplementing unit;
the imaging unit is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating unit, the other end of the rotating unit is movably connected with the base, and the objective table is horizontally arranged below an objective lens of the imaging unit, so that the objective lens of the imaging unit is driven by the rotating unit to rotate in a preset angle range around an axis parallel to the objective table, and the objective lens of the imaging unit is aligned to samples in a spectral slice on the objective table from different angles;
the light supplementing unit is horizontally arranged below the objective table, and light rays are concentrated on the spectrum sheet of the objective table through the light supplementing unit.
In one embodiment, the stage comprises: the two-dimensional motion platform is rectangular and hollow in the middle, and the music sheet overturning mechanism is arranged on the two-dimensional motion platform;
the music sheet turnover mechanism is fixed at the rectangular hollow-out position in the middle of the two-dimensional motion platform and used for fixing the music sheet, and the music sheet turnover mechanism drives the music sheet to turn over for 360 degrees.
In one embodiment, the spectral slice turning mechanism comprises: the device comprises a first mechanism fixing frame, a second mechanism fixing frame, a first music sheet overturning mechanism shaft, a second music sheet overturning mechanism shaft and an I-shaped music sheet clamping component;
the first stiff end of first mechanism mount with the first limit fixed connection of two-dimensional motion platform's middle part rectangle fretwork department, the second stiff end of first mechanism mount with the one end swing joint of first tablet tilting mechanism axle, the other end of first tablet tilting mechanism axle with the one end fixed connection of I-shaped tablet clamping part, the other end of I-shaped tablet clamping part with the one end fixed connection of second tablet tilting mechanism axle, the other end of second tablet tilting mechanism axle with the first stiff end swing joint of second mechanism mount, the second stiff end of second mechanism mount with the second limit fixed connection of two-dimensional motion platform's middle part rectangle fretwork department.
In one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: a control unit;
the inside fretwork of base, the control unit install in the inside fretwork department of base, the rotation unit with the control unit electricity is connected, the two-dimensional motion platform with the control unit electricity is connected, the music sheet tilting mechanism with the control unit electricity is connected, the formation of image unit with the control unit electricity is connected.
In one embodiment, the sheet turnover mechanism further comprises: the device comprises a driven belt wheel of a music sheet turnover mechanism, a synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism, a motor fixing frame, a motor driving belt wheel and a motor;
the driven pulley of the music sheet turnover mechanism is fixed on the shaft of the second music sheet turnover mechanism, the synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism is respectively connected with the driven pulley of the music sheet turnover mechanism and the motor driving pulley, the motor driving pulley is driven by the synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism to rotate, the motor driving pulley is connected with the first fixed end of the motor fixed frame and the motor fixed connection, the second fixed end of the motor fixed frame and the two-dimensional motion platform fixed connection, and the motor is electrically connected with the control unit.
In one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: an image collector;
the image acquisition unit is arranged above the imaging unit, the image acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit, and a lens of the image acquisition unit is vertically aligned with a lens opening of the imaging unit, so that the image acquisition unit acquires an imaging image of the imaging unit according to a control signal of the control unit.
In one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: a control panel;
the control panel is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the base, and the control panel is electrically connected with the control unit.
A method for reconstructing three-dimensional morphology of ferrographic abrasive particles, comprising the following steps of:
acquiring ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of different angles by using the multi-angle imaging microscope of any one of claims 1 to 7;
processing the two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles at different angles, and establishing indexes from each contour angular point in the two-dimensional image of the ferrographic abrasive particles to each coordinate point of the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles to obtain a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional point cloud;
and refining the three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by a light beam adjustment method, and reconstructing the refined three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by using a point cloud library to generate the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles.
Above-mentioned multi-angle imaging microscope includes: the device comprises an imaging unit, a base, a rotating unit, an objective table and a light supplementing unit; the imaging unit with the one end fixed connection who rotates the unit, the other end and the base swing joint of rotation unit, objective table horizontal installation in the objective below of imaging unit, the below of light filling unit horizontal installation objective table, concentrate on the objective table through the light filling unit on the spectral slice, through realizing that rotation unit drives the objective of imaging unit, around the axis that is on a parallel with the objective table at the rotation of predetermineeing the angle within range for the sample in the spectral slice on the objective table is aimed at from different angles to the objective of imaging unit, has realized the micro-shooting of multi-angle collection, can obtain the two-dimensional appearance image information under the a plurality of visual field ranges of sample, has solved the problem that can't gather the partial angle view that needs to gather.
According to the method for reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of the ferrographic abrasive particles, the two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles at different angles is acquired by using a multi-angle imaging microscope; processing the two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles at different angles, and establishing indexes from each contour angular point in the two-dimensional image of the ferrographic abrasive particles to each coordinate point of the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles to obtain a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional point cloud; the ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional point cloud is refined through a light beam adjustment method, the refined ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional point cloud is reconstructed through a point cloud library, the ferrographic abrasive three-dimensional appearance is generated, compared with the traditional ferrographic abrasive two-dimensional image information analysis, more three-dimensional characteristic appearance information of typical ferrographic abrasive can be extracted, the severe friction and wear working condition of analysis equipment is facilitated, and the accuracy and reliability of equipment fault diagnosis are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-angle imaging microscope in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the rotation of an imaging unit of the multi-angle imaging microscope in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a spectral slice turnover mechanism of the multi-angle imaging microscope in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a spectral slice turnover mechanism of a multi-angle imaging microscope in another embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a spectral slice turnover mechanism of a multi-angle imaging microscope in another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a multi-angle imaging microscope in another embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a multi-angle imaging microscope in another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for reconstructing a three-dimensional topography of ferrographic abrasive particles in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, there is provided a multi-angle imaging microscope comprising: the imaging unit 100, the base 200, the rotating unit 300, the stage 400 and the light supplementing unit 500;
the imaging unit 100 is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating unit 300, the other end of the rotating unit 300 is movably connected with the base 200, and the objective table 400 is horizontally arranged below the objective lens of the imaging unit 100, so that the objective lens of the imaging unit 100 is driven by the rotating unit 300 to rotate in a preset angle range around an axis parallel to the objective table 400, and the objective lens of the imaging unit 100 is aligned to samples in the spectrum slice 900 on the objective table 400 from different angles; the light supplement unit 500 is horizontally installed below the stage 400, and light is concentrated on the spectral slices of the stage 400 through the light supplement unit 500.
Wherein, imaging unit 100 includes eyepiece 101, objective 102, lens barrel 103 and regulator 104, and eyepiece 101 is equipped with to the lens barrel 103 upper end, and objective 102 is equipped with to the lower extreme, and lens barrel 103 is connected in the top fixed connection of regulator 104, and the below and the rotation unit 300 top fixed connection of regulator 104, and regulator 104 includes coarse adjustment ware and fine adjustment ware, guarantees that objective 102 can be at the quick and accurate reciprocating motion of vertical direction, makes microscope auto-focusing.
The light supplementing unit 500 includes a reflective mirror and a light collector, the reflective mirror can rotate in any direction, and has a flat surface and a concave surface, the reflective mirror is used for reflecting light from a light source to the light collector and then illuminating a specimen through the light hole, the concave mirror has strong light-focusing function and is suitable for being used when the light is weak, and the plane mirror has weak light-focusing function and is suitable for being used when the light is strong; the light collector (condenser) consists of a condenser lens and an aperture, and functions to concentrate light onto the spectral slice 900 to be observed, the spectral slice 900 being referred to as a slide.
The preset angle range can be set according to the actual needs of the multi-angle imaging microscope, and can be 0-150 degrees, and can also be 0-180 degrees and the like. As shown in the rotation diagram of fig. 2, the objective lens 102 of the imaging unit 100 is rotated by the rotation unit 300 around an axis parallel to the stage 400, so that the objective lens 102 of the imaging unit 100 is aligned with the sample 705 in the spectral slice 900 on the stage 400 from different angles, the axis is parallel to the stage 400 and intersects with the objective lens 102 and the rotation unit 300 perpendicular to the central line of the stage 400.
Above-mentioned multi-angle imaging microscope includes: imaging unit 100 and the one end fixed connection of rotation unit 300, the other end and the base 200 swing joint of rotation unit 300, objective table 400 horizontal installation is in imaging unit 100's objective below, the below of light filling unit 500 horizontal installation objective table 400, concentrate light on objective table 400's spectral slice 900 through light filling unit 500, through realizing that rotation unit 300 drives imaging unit 100's objective, axis around being on a parallel with objective table 400 is at predetermined angle within range internal rotation, make imaging unit 100's objective aim at the sample in the spectral slice on objective table 500 from different angles, the micro-shot of multi-angle collection has been realized, can obtain the two-dimensional topography image information under the multiple field of vision scope of sample, the problem that can't gather the partial angle view that needs is solved.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the stage 400 includes: a two-dimensional motion platform 410 with a rectangular hollow middle part and a music sheet turning mechanism 420; the music sheet turning mechanism 420 is fixed at the rectangular hollow-out position in the middle of the two-dimensional moving platform 410, the music sheet turning mechanism 420 is used for fixing the music sheet 900, and the music sheet turning mechanism 420 drives the music sheet to turn 360 degrees.
The two-dimensional motion platform 410 can drive the tablet 900 to move in two directions, namely an X axis and a Y axis, in a horizontal plane, wherein the tablet turnover mechanism 420 is fixed at a rectangular hollow-out position in the middle of the two-dimensional motion platform 410 through 4 screws 430, the X axis can be an axis parallel to the axis, and can also be an axis perpendicular to the axis, and the Y axis is an axis perpendicular to the X axis.
As shown in FIG. 4, in one embodiment, the spectral slice flipping mechanism 420 comprises: a first mechanism fixing frame 421, a second mechanism fixing frame 422, a first tablet turnover mechanism shaft 423, a second tablet turnover mechanism shaft 424, and an I-shaped tablet clamping part 425.
The first fixed end of the first mechanism fixing frame 421 is fixedly connected with the first side of the rectangular hollow in the middle of the two-dimensional motion platform 410, the second fixed end of the first mechanism fixing frame 421 is movably connected with one end of the first tablet turnover mechanism shaft 423, the other end of the first tablet turnover mechanism shaft 423 is fixedly connected with one end of the I-shaped tablet clamping component 425, the other end of the I-shaped tablet clamping component 425 is fixedly connected with one end of the second tablet turnover mechanism shaft 424, the other end of the second tablet turnover mechanism shaft 424 is movably connected with the first fixed end of the second mechanism fixing frame 422, and the second fixed end of the second mechanism fixing frame 422 is fixedly connected with the second side of the rectangular hollow in the middle of the two-dimensional motion platform.
The I-shaped music sheet clamping part 425 is used for fixing the music sheet, so that the music sheet is prevented from loosening in the process of reversing, the middle part of the music sheet is hollowed out in a rectangular mode, and a transmission light source below the music sheet can provide sufficient illumination when shooting is guaranteed. The second fixed end of the first mechanism fixing frame 421 is movably connected with one end of the first sheet turning mechanism shaft 423, and the other end of the second sheet turning mechanism shaft 424 is movably connected with the first fixed end of the second mechanism fixing frame 452, so as to drive the sheets to turn over by 360 degrees.
In one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: a control unit;
the inside of the base 200 is hollowed, the control unit is installed at the inside hollowed part of the base 200, the rotating unit 300 is electrically connected with the control unit, the two-dimensional moving platform 410 is electrically connected with the control unit, the spectrum turning mechanism 420 is electrically connected with the control unit, and the imaging unit 100 is electrically connected with the control unit.
As shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the spectral slice flipping mechanism 420 further comprises: a driven pulley 426 of the music sheet turnover mechanism, a synchronous belt 427 of the music sheet turnover mechanism, a motor fixing frame 428, a motor driving pulley 429 and a motor 430;
the driven pulley 426 of the music sheet turnover mechanism is fixed on the shaft 424 of the second music sheet turnover mechanism, the synchronous belt 427 of the music sheet turnover mechanism is respectively connected with the driven pulley 426 of the music sheet turnover mechanism, the motor driving pulley 429 is connected with the motor driving pulley 429, the motor driving pulley 429 drives the driven pulley 426 of the music sheet turnover mechanism through the synchronous belt 427 of the music sheet turnover mechanism, the motor driving pulley 429 is fixedly connected with the motor 430 through the first fixed end of the motor fixing frame 428, the second fixed end of the motor fixing frame 428 is fixedly connected with the two-dimensional electric platform 410, and the motor 430 is electrically connected with the.
The motor 430 is a dc brushless motor.
As shown in FIG. 6, in one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: an image collector 700; the image acquisition unit 700 is disposed above the imaging unit 100, the image acquisition unit 700 is electrically connected to the control unit, and a lens of the image acquisition unit 700 is vertically aligned with a lens opening of the imaging unit 100, so that the image acquisition unit 700 acquires an imaging image of the imaging unit 100 according to a control signal of the control unit.
The image collector 700 may be a CCD industrial camera, and after light is supplemented by a transmission light source and a reflection light source, the sample on the spectral slice 900 may be amplified and imaged on the CCD industrial camera by the imaging unit 100.
In one scene, the CCD industrial camera is connected with a computer through a network, and transmits the acquired imaging image to the computer for displaying and storing the imaging image in a set folder directory.
As shown in FIG. 7, in one embodiment, the multi-angle imaging microscope further comprises: a control panel 800; the control panel 800 is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the base, and the control panel 800 is electrically connected with the control unit.
The control panel 800 is provided with a light source adjusting knob 801, a driving control knob 802, a start-stop button 803, a reset button 804, a rotary button 805 and a spiral adjusting button 806, wherein the light source adjusting knob 801, the driving control knob 802, the start-stop button 803, the reset button 804, the rotary button 805 and the spiral adjusting button 806 are respectively electrically connected with the control unit; the light source adjusting knob 801 can realize brightness adjustment of transmitted light and reflected light; the driving control button 802 can realize the matching work of the objective lens, the spectral slice turnover mechanism and the two-axis motion platform so as to shoot the imaging images of the samples at different angles; the start-stop button 803 can realize the start and stop of the control process; the reset button 804 can realize the reset operation of each part of the multi-angle imaging microscope, so that the objective lens 102, the regulator 104, the two-dimensional motion platform 410 and the like return to the initial position, and meanwhile, the automatic focusing of the objective lens is completed; the rotation button 805 can control the rotation unit 300 to cooperate to rotate the imaging unit 100 to capture images of the specimen at different angles, and the screw adjustment button 806 can be used to adjust the adjuster 104 to ensure that the objective lens 102 can be moved back and forth in the vertical direction quickly and precisely to automatically focus the microscope.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, there is provided a method for reconstructing a three-dimensional shape of a ferrographic abrasive grain, including the following steps:
and S220, collecting ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information at different angles by using the multi-angle imaging microscope.
The method comprises the following steps that a manufactured spectrum sheet with ferrographic abrasive particles is installed on an objective table of a multi-angle imaging microscope, when the multi-angle imaging microscope is a multi-angle imaging microscope without an image collector, a CCD industrial camera can be installed above the multi-angle imaging microscope, and ferrographic abrasive particle two-dimensional image information of different angles of the ferrographic abrasive particles in the spectrum sheet of the multi-angle imaging microscope is collected through the installed CCD industrial camera; when the multi-angle imaging microscope is provided with the image collector, the CCD industrial camera does not need to be installed.
Step S240, processing the ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of different angles, establishing indexes from each contour angular point in the ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image to each coordinate point of the ferrographic abrasive grain three-dimensional appearance, and obtaining the ferrographic abrasive grain three-dimensional point cloud.
And S260, refining the three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by a light beam adjustment method, and reconstructing the refined three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by using a point cloud library to generate the three-dimensional shape of the ferrographic abrasive particles.
In one embodiment, a method for reconstructing a three-dimensional morphology of ferrographic abrasive particles is provided, in which a multi-angle imaging microscope is connected to a computer through a USB (universal serial bus) interface, and the method is applied to the computer for description, and specifically includes the following steps:
step 1, utilizing a camera calibration program in a computer Matlab (which is commercial mathematical software and is used in the fields of data analysis, wireless communication, deep learning, image processing and computer vision, signal processing, quantitative finance and risk management, a robot control system and the like), obtaining a shooting baseline of the CCD industrial camera through a solvePp function (angle resolving function) and a Trianglatitepoints function (triangular distance measuring function), and calibrating the camera.
Step 2, mounting the prepared spectral slices with the ferrographic abrasive particles on a spectral slice turnover mechanism, clamping and fixing, and resetting the multi-angle imaging microscope by operating a reset button of a control panel to return the objective lens, the lens cone, the regulator, the two-dimensional motion platform and the like to initial positions; the turnover mechanism of the spectral slice is kept in a horizontal position.
And 3, pressing a start-stop button on the control panel, starting the multi-angle imaging microscope, moving the two-axis motion platform through a drive control knob on the control panel to enable the ferrographic abrasive particles on the sheet to enter an image acquisition area, adjusting the proper illumination intensity according to different working environments and abrasive particle types to be reconstructed through a light source adjusting knob on the control panel, and controlling an adjuster to realize the first automatic focusing of the objective lens by using a reset button.
And 4, step 4: and after focusing, beginning to acquire ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of ferrographic abrasive grains at different angles, and preparing the ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive grains for the abrasive grain reconstruction process, wherein the ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information is a ferrographic abrasive grain image. The rotating unit drives the objective lens of the imaging unit to rotate around an axis parallel to the objective table, the rotating angle is 150 degrees, the ferrographic abrasive particle image on one side of the spectrum sheet can be shot only when the objective lens is rotated in a single stroke, therefore, the spectrum sheet is required to be turned over by 180 degrees by the spectrum sheet turning mechanism after the ferrographic abrasive particle image on one side of the spectrum sheet is collected, and the ferrographic abrasive particle image on the other side of the spectrum sheet is collected.
Step 4.1: and clicking a rotating button on the control panel to control the rotating unit to drive the imaging unit to start to rotate slowly, and acquiring two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles on the single-side spectrum sheet at different angles. Taking the plane of the objective table as a horizontal plane, taking the rotation unit and the central line of the objective lens to form a plane A as an example, controlling the rotation unit to drive the imaging unit to start to rotate slowly, so that the intersection angle between the horizontal plane and the plane A is between 15 and 165 degrees, when the rotation unit rotates from the starting position to the end position along the axis, the maximum stroke of the rotation unit is 150 degrees, the starting position of the rotation unit is 15 degrees, the rotation unit is at the starting position, controlling the image collector to collect one-time ferrographic abrasive particle image, rotating the rotation unit 5 degrees towards the end position direction on the basis of the current position to control the image collector to continuously collect one-time ferrographic abrasive particle image, repeating the operation by repeating the steps of rotating 5 degrees every time, collecting one-time ferrographic abrasive particle image every time, and reaching the end position when the included angle between the plane A and the horizontal plane is 165 degrees, and acquiring a ferrographic abrasive grain image once, namely finishing the single-side image shooting of the spectrum sheet.
Step 4.2: after the single-side image of the spectrum sheet is shot, the control unit controls the motor to work, so that the spectrum sheet turnover mechanism is turned over for 180 degrees, the back side of the spectrum sheet is turned over upwards, the rotating unit rotates to the end position from the starting position along the axis again, the maximum stroke of the rotating unit is 150 degrees, iron spectrum abrasive particle images of iron spectrum abrasive particles on the spectrum sheet on the other side under different angles are collected, and thus the collection of the iron spectrum abrasive particle images within the range of 300 degrees of the total iron spectrum abrasive particles on the spectrum sheet is completed.
And 5: preprocessing collected ferrographic abrasive particle images such as gray level transformation, image enhancement, background segmentation and the like through an abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction software module in a computer, and establishing two-dimensional indexes from each contour angular point in a ferrographic abrasive particle two-dimensional image to each coordinate point of the ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape through the processed ferrographic abrasive particle images to obtain three-dimensional point cloud information of the ferrographic abrasive particles;
step 6: thinning and reconstructing the obtained three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by using a light beam adjustment method through an abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction software module in a computer, and finally visualizing the thinned three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by using a point cloud library so as to reconstruct and generate the three-dimensional shape of the ferrographic abrasive particles;
and 7: observing whether three-dimensional information of the ferrographic abrasive particles is completely filled through a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape reconstruction software module in a computer, if the three-dimensional information of the ferrographic abrasive particles is incomplete, controlling a multi-angle imaging microscope to continuously scan and acquire two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles under different visual angles, repeating the steps from 4 to 7, acquiring more ferrographic abrasive particle two-dimensional image information, more completely establishing indexes from two-dimensional vector points to the three-dimensional shape of the ferrographic abrasive particles, and acquiring more ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional shape coordinate points until the three-dimensional shape of the ferrographic abrasive particles is completely reconstructed;
and 8: and after the three-dimensional information of the ferrographic abrasive particles is completely reconstructed, automatically storing the three-dimensional shape file of the ferrographic abrasive particles obtained by reconstruction by the computer. Clicking a reset button to reset the multi-angle imaging microscope, so that an objective lens, an adjuster, a two-dimensional motion platform and the like of the multi-angle imaging microscope return to the initial positions; the turnover mechanism of the spectral slice is kept in a horizontal position.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 8 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 8 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-angle imaging microscope, characterized in that it comprises: the device comprises an imaging unit, a base, a rotating unit, an objective table and a light supplementing unit;
the imaging unit is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating unit, the other end of the rotating unit is movably connected with the base, and the objective table is horizontally arranged below an objective lens of the imaging unit, so that the objective lens of the imaging unit is driven by the rotating unit to rotate in a preset angle range around an axis parallel to the objective table, and the objective lens of the imaging unit is aligned to samples in a spectral slice on the objective table from different angles;
the light supplementing unit is horizontally arranged below the objective table, and light rays are concentrated on the spectrum sheet of the objective table through the light supplementing unit.
2. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 1, wherein the stage comprises: the two-dimensional motion platform is rectangular and hollow in the middle, and the music sheet overturning mechanism is arranged on the two-dimensional motion platform;
the music sheet turnover mechanism is fixed at the rectangular hollow-out position in the middle of the two-dimensional motion platform and used for fixing the music sheet, and the music sheet turnover mechanism drives the music sheet to turn over for 360 degrees.
3. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 2, wherein the spectral slice flipping mechanism comprises: the device comprises a first mechanism fixing frame, a second mechanism fixing frame, a first music sheet overturning mechanism shaft, a second music sheet overturning mechanism shaft and an I-shaped music sheet clamping component;
the first stiff end of first mechanism mount with the first limit fixed connection of two-dimensional motion platform's middle part rectangle fretwork department, the second stiff end of first mechanism mount with the one end swing joint of first tablet tilting mechanism axle, the other end of first tablet tilting mechanism axle with the one end fixed connection of I-shaped tablet clamping part, the other end of I-shaped tablet clamping part with the one end fixed connection of second tablet tilting mechanism axle, the other end of second tablet tilting mechanism axle with the first stiff end swing joint of second mechanism mount, the second stiff end of second mechanism mount with the second limit fixed connection of two-dimensional motion platform's middle part rectangle fretwork department.
4. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 3, further comprising: a control unit;
the inside fretwork of base, the control unit install in the inside fretwork department of base, the rotation unit with the control unit electricity is connected, the two-dimensional motion platform with the control unit electricity is connected, the music sheet tilting mechanism with the control unit electricity is connected, the formation of image unit with the control unit electricity is connected.
5. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 4, wherein the spectral slice flipping mechanism further comprises: the device comprises a driven belt wheel of a music sheet turnover mechanism, a synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism, a motor fixing frame, a motor driving belt wheel and a motor;
the driven pulley of the music sheet turnover mechanism is fixed on the shaft of the second music sheet turnover mechanism, the synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism is respectively connected with the driven pulley of the music sheet turnover mechanism and the motor driving pulley, the motor driving pulley is driven by the synchronous belt of the music sheet turnover mechanism to rotate, the motor driving pulley is connected with the first fixed end of the motor fixed frame and the motor fixed connection, the second fixed end of the motor fixed frame and the two-dimensional motion platform fixed connection, and the motor is electrically connected with the control unit.
6. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 4, further comprising: an image collector;
the image acquisition unit is arranged above the imaging unit, the image acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit, and a lens of the image acquisition unit is vertically aligned with a lens opening of the imaging unit, so that the image acquisition unit acquires an imaging image of the imaging unit according to a control signal of the control unit.
7. The multi-angle imaging microscope of claim 4, further comprising: a control panel;
the control panel is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the base, and the control panel is electrically connected with the control unit.
8. A method for reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of ferrographic abrasive particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring ferrographic abrasive grain two-dimensional image information of different angles by using the multi-angle imaging microscope of any one of claims 1 to 7;
processing the two-dimensional image information of the ferrographic abrasive particles at different angles, and establishing indexes from each contour angular point in the two-dimensional image of the ferrographic abrasive particles to each coordinate point of the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles to obtain a ferrographic abrasive particle three-dimensional point cloud;
and refining the three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by a light beam adjustment method, and reconstructing the refined three-dimensional point cloud of the ferrographic abrasive particles by using a point cloud library to generate the three-dimensional appearance of the ferrographic abrasive particles.
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