CN112226465A - 一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用 - Google Patents
一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于分子生物学领域,涉及了一段分离的核苷酸序列在无肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1所示。以SEQ ID NO.1为靶基因进行基因突变,挑选有突变的F0的胚胎培养成亲本鱼,通过F0突变体亲本与野生鱼杂交产生F1胚胎,筛选出有义的突变杂合子F1培养至成鱼,然后F1杂合子自交能产生纯合子,杂合子,野生型的三种基因类型的F2后代。利用基因突变的方法获得无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系,为后续研究鱼类肌间骨的分子形成机制和培育无肌间骨经济鱼类提供基础,具有科学研究的基础价值和应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物学领域,具体涉及一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用,通过对该核苷酸序列进行突变,可获得无矿化肌间骨的斑马鱼。
背景技术
斑马鱼(Danio rerio)是一种热带观赏鱼,属于辐鳍亚纲(Actinopterygii)鲤科(Cypri nidae)鱼丹属(Danio)。因其体侧具有像斑马样纵向暗蓝色与银色相间的条纹而得名。斑马鱼具有体型小,易饲养发育快速,性成熟周期短,繁殖力强,雌雄易分辨,胚胎体外发育,易于观察和操作等优点,是一种用于研究脊椎动物胚胎学和发育遗传学的经典模式动物(Br ooks et al.,2014)。斑马鱼的基因组及转录组数据已较完善。斑马鱼产卵量大,成活率高,体外受精,胚胎在母体外发育并且透明。受精卵的直径约1mm,易于进行显微注射和细胞移植等操作。
鱼类肌间骨(intermuscular bone)是由肌膈结缔组织连续同源骨化而来的膜骨,根据其附着位置不同,分为髓弓小骨、脉弓小骨和椎体小骨三种类型。肌间骨的存在与鱼类的分类地位有极大的关系,其仅存在低等真骨鱼类中,系统演化过程表现为数目由少到多,多到少,再到无的过程。我国的大宗淡水鱼类都含有一定数量的肌间骨,如青鱼(Mylopharyngodonpi ceus)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodonidellus)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthysmolitrix)、鳙(H.nobilis)、团头鲂(Megalobramaamblycephala)等鲤科鱼类,对鲜鱼的食用和鱼糜制品的加工带来极大不便,这对我国鲤科鱼类养殖业的发展和产值产生了直接的影响。研究表明斑马鱼肌间骨的骨化顺序与类型与鲤科鱼类相似(Nie et al.,2018);巴西无肌间骨的大盖巨脂鲤(Colossoma macropomum)个体的发现证明肌间骨对鱼类本身的生命活动无显著影响(Perazza et al.,2017);研究表明由雌核发育筛选获得的无肌间骨的草鱼的生长发育正常(徐晓峰等,2015)。因此,在一定程度上,去除或减少肌间骨的数量是可行的。已有研究也对肌间骨发生发育及数目相关的分子遗传信息进行了发掘(Wan etal.,2016;Nieet al.,2017;Wan et al.,2017;Wan et al.,2019),提供了肌间骨研究的遗传数据基础,但之前未筛选出与肌间骨数目直接相关的基因信息。
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated(C as9)是2013年初出现的新一代基因编辑技术。它主要是基于细菌的一种获得性免疫系统人工改造而成,具有制作简单、使用方便、成本低、作用效率高等特点(Mussolino&Cathomen,2013)。CRISPR/Cas9技术自发现至今,已被证实能在不同物种广泛使用,包括哺乳动物、微生物和植物,如人(Homo sapiens)(Liang et al.,2015)、小鼠(Musmusculus)(Coppola et al.,2015)、果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)(Port&Bullock,2016)、斑马鱼(Xie etal.,2016)等。CRISP R/Cas9基因编辑技术为筛选鱼类肌间骨发生发育关键调控基因以及培育无肌间骨的鱼类新品系提供了高效的途径。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1所示。以SEQ ID NO.1序列为靶序列,进行基因突变,可获得无矿化肌间骨的斑马鱼,方法易行,操作简单。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供了一种无矿化肌间骨的斑马鱼品系的包含的突变基因序列,所述的基因序列为SEQ ID NO.2所示。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术措施:
一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1所示。
以上所述的应用中,优选的,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.3所示。
以上所述的应用中,是将SEQ ID NO.1所示序列进行突变,突变后的序列为SEQ IDNO.2所示。
以上所述的应用中,是将SEQ ID NO.1所示序列突变后,筛选出有突变的F0突变体,将该突变体与野生斑马鱼杂交产生F1代,培养至成鱼,筛选出F1代有突变体的杂合子,自交产生F2代,F2代中的纯合子即为无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼。
以上所述的应用中,优选的,是采取CRISPR/Cas9的方式,以SEQ ID NO.1所示序列为靶位点进行基因编辑。
以上所述的应用中,优选的,在无矿化肌间骨品系中,包含SEQ ID NO.2所示的基因序列。
以上所述的应用中,优选的,在进行CRISPR/Cas9编辑时,包括下述步骤:sgRNA以保守的下游引物Scaffold(GATCCGCACCGACTCGGTGCCACTTTTTCAAGTTGATAACGGACTAGCCTTATTTTAACTTGCTATTTCTAGCTCTAAAAC)与带有T7启动子的特异性包含靶点序列的上游引物(AA TTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGGAACATCGGTGAGTCTGGTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGC)进行overlap PCR扩增,纯化回收sgRNA;线性化pT3TS-nCas9n质粒,纯化回收后体外转录zCas9mRNA;sgRNA和zCas9mRNA注射到1细胞期的斑马鱼胚胎,筛选突变的F0,对F0与野生型杂交产生的F1进行基因分型,筛选出突变基因型相同的F1并自交,对产生的F2基因分型后获得的纯合子即为无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系。
本发明的保护内容还包括:通过在其它有肌间骨鱼类中,筛选与本发明SEQ IDNO.1同源的片段,通过突变该同源片段,也能获得对应的无矿化肌间骨的鱼类。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
本发明的方法可用于获得无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系。该方法简单易行,操作简单。利用基因突变的方法获得无矿化肌间骨的斑马鱼品系,具有研究鱼类肌间骨功能的科学研究的基础价值和应用价值。该方法可以成为一种获得无矿化肌间骨的斑马鱼品系。
附图说明
图1斑马鱼靶基因序列和突变后的序列示意图。
图2野生型斑马鱼的茜素红整体骨骼染色示意图。
图3野生型斑马鱼尾部和背部茜素红骨骼染色示意图;其中箭头所示为矿化的肌间骨。
图4纯合子成鱼斑马鱼的茜素红整体骨骼染色示意图。
图5纯合子斑马鱼尾部和背部茜素红骨骼染色示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明所述技术方案,如未特别说明,均为本领域的常规方式;所用试剂或材料,如未特别说明,均来源于商业渠道。本发明实施例以CRISPR/Cas9的方法对靶序列进行突变来制备无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系,本领域的其他基因编辑方式,只要是针对SEQ ID NO.1做的突变,本发明所述的突变包括错义突变、移码突变等,只要突变后的序列编辑的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO.1编辑的氨基酸序列不同,都能成功制备无肌间骨斑马鱼品系。
实施例1:
一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用:
1.1实验材料
野生型荧光斑马鱼(eGFP:sp7)(Liang et al.,2019)饲养于华中农业大学水产学院鱼房,28℃水温,14:10光照周期条件下。斑马鱼显微注射所用的胚胎由雌雄斑马鱼自然产卵获得。
1.2实验方法
1.2.1确定sgRNA靶位点
确定sgRNA靶位点为:5‘AGCTCAGGAATGCCTCAG’3(SEQ ID NO.3)。
1.2.2体外合成sgRNA
sgRNA以保守的下游引物Scaffold(GATCCGCACCGACTCGGTGCCACTTTTTCAAGTTGATAACGGACTAGCCTTATTTTAACTTGCTATTTCTAGCTCTAAAAC)与带有T7启动子的特异性包含靶点序列的上游引物(AATTAATACGACTCACTATAGGAGCTCAGGAATGCCTCAGGTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGC)进行overlap PCR扩增。PCR体系为:Primer STAR Max DNA Polymerase 10.5μL,Scaffold 5μL,sgRNA 5μL,ddH2O 4.5μL。PCR反应条件98℃预变性30s,98℃变性10s,60℃退火10s,72℃延伸15s,45个循环,72℃再延伸5min。取5μL PCR产物进行2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,条带大小验证正确后纯化回收PCR产物,并用Nanodrop 2000测浓度(Thermo Scientific,美国)。根据(TranscriptAID T7 High Yield Tr anscription Kit(Thermo scientific,美国)试剂盒转录RNA,然后使用RNA纯化试剂盒(ZYM O,美国)纯化回收sgRNA。取出1μL测RNA浓度,并通过2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测RNA的质量后装置于-80℃保存待用,即为sgRNA。
1.2.3体外转录zCas9mRNA
使用XbaI(NEB,美国)限制性内切酶线性化pT3TS-nCas9n质粒,经过1%琼脂糖凝胶电泳确认线性化完全后用Gel Extraction Kit(Omega,美国)液体纯化回收。根据mMESSAG E mMACHINE T3 Transcription Kit(Invitrogen,美国)说明书体外转录zCas9mRNA,使用氯化锂沉淀法纯化回收zCas9mRNA,加入无酶水溶解并用Nanodrop 2000(Thermo Scientific,美国)测浓度,通过2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测转录的mRNA质量后分装置于-80℃保存待用。
1.2.4显微注射
注射前晚上将雌雄斑马鱼按2:3比例配对并用隔板隔开,次日注射前30min抽出隔板使其自然产卵,20min后收集胚胎并按顺序排列在胚胎模具中。使用sgRNA和zCas9mRNA配制体积为5μL注射样品,其中sgRNA的终浓度为80ng/μL,zCas9mRNA的终浓度为500ng/μL,并加入终浓度为0.2%的酚红做指示剂。利用PicoliterMicroinjector注射仪(Warner,美国)将实验样品注射到1细胞期的斑马鱼胚胎中。注射完成后用亚甲基蓝培养液培养斑马鱼胚胎,并置于28℃光照恒温培养箱中。
1.2.5检测靶点突变率
选取30颗注射后48h的胚胎,用裂解法快速提取斑马鱼胚胎基因组DNA。将待裂解的胚胎置于96孔200μL的孔板中,加入50μL Lysis buffer(10mmol/L Tris+50mmol/LKCl+1.5mmol/L MgCl2+0.3%Tween-20+0.3%Nonident P-40)94℃PCR反应20min,55℃结束反应;置于冰上加入5μL Pk酶(10mg/ml)涡旋混匀,55℃PCR反应60min,94℃PCR反应20min,16℃结束反应。用靶点扩增检测引物(check F:5’TGTATCTTGTTCTCTCCACAGG;check R:5’TGTACTGACCTCTTCCGCTTC)扩增出靶点附近187bp序列。PCR反应体系为: Master Mix(翊圣,上海)10μL,上下游引物各0.5μL,基因组DNA模板2μL,无菌水7μL。PCR反应条件为:94℃预变性5min,94℃变性30s,54℃退火30s,72℃延伸30s,35个循环,72℃再延伸5min。取10μL PCR产物进行3%琼脂糖凝胶电泳,检测后在PCR产物附近有双条带的杂合个体F0挑选出来培养至成鱼。30颗胚胎的突变率是30%。
1.2.6获得杂合子F1
用F0与正常野生型繁殖F1代个体,按照上述提取F1代胚胎DNA,利用靶点检测引物进行PCR产物扩增,并3%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测筛选出有突变杂合子F1。运用靶点扩增测序引物(seq F:5’GACCAAACCCCCTCTAAA;seq R:5’CGAGTACTTGATGAACGCT)扩增出靶点附近417bp的序列,取2μLPCR产物进行1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,检测单一条带目的片段大小正确的产物送到公司测序(擎科生物技术有限公司,武汉)。分析每个个体的序列,与野生正常的基因序列相比较,分析突变靶序列。
1.2.7获得纯合子F2
将获得的同种突变类型的F1个体培养至成鱼,杂合子F1自交产生有纯合子,杂合子,野生型三种基因类型的F2代。基因分型确定F2代纯合子的基因突变序列,即获得无矿化肌间骨存在的突变体斑马鱼品系。
1.2.8无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系基因型与表型分析
野生型斑马鱼与无矿化肌间骨突变体斑马鱼的靶位点基因序列比较结果如图1所示。SEQ ID NO.1为野生型斑马鱼靶位点序列,SEQ ID NO.2为无矿化肌间骨突变体斑马鱼靶位点序列。
通过茜素红整体骨骼染色法(成鱼在4%多聚甲醛中固定48h后,在ddH2O水中漂洗30min;随后在3%H2O2与1%KOH等体积混合溶液中漂白4h;在ddH2O中漂洗30min;在饱和硼砂溶液中处理12h;ddH2O漂洗30min;在1%茜素红S(Sigma)与1%KOH混合溶液中染色24h;在ddH2O中漂洗1h(直至洗净茜素红染液);在1%胰蛋白酶(Solarbio)和2%饱和硼砂混合溶液中漂洗24-48h,去除杂质;在50%,100%甘油中梯度透明,储存)对斑马鱼肌间骨表型进行观察。
野生型斑马鱼整体肌间骨表型如图2所示,其背部与尾部分布有数目显著的肌间骨,单侧肌间骨总数目约为35-40根(图2、图3);纯合子突变体斑马鱼整体肌间骨表型如图4所示,其矿化的肌间骨已全部消失,只有印迹存在(图4、图5)。测序分析表明该稳定遗传的无肌间骨品系来自于一种类型的突变体,与野生型SEQ ID NO.1相比,靶序列附近的序列突变为SEQ ID NO.2所示序列,导致移码突变。
序列表
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Claims (7)
1.一段分离的核苷酸序列在无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼构建中的应用,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,所述的应用的过程包括将SEQ ID NO.1所示序列进行突变,突变后的序列为SEQ ID NO.2所示。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,所述的应用的过程是将SEQ ID NO.1所示序列突变后,筛选出有突变的F0突变体,将该突变体与野生斑马鱼杂交产生F1代,培养至成鱼,筛选出F1代有突变体的杂合子,F1代杂合子自交产生F2代,F2代中的纯合子即为无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,所述突变是采取CRISPR/Cas9的方式。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,是制备的无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼中,包含SEQ ID NO.2所示的基因序列。
6.根据权利要求4所述的应用,在进行CRISPR/Cas9编辑时,包括下述步骤:sgRNA以保守的下游引物Scaffold:gatccgcaccgactcggtgccactttttcaagttgataacggactagccttattttaacttgctatttctagctctaaaac)与带有T7启动子的特异性包含靶点序列的上游引物:AATTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGGAACATCGGTGAGTCTGGTTTTAGAGCTAGAAATAGC)进行overlap pcr扩增,纯化回收sgRNA;线性化pT3TS-nCas9n质粒,纯化回收后体外转录zCas9mRNA;sgRNA和zCas9mRNA注射到1细胞期的斑马鱼胚胎,筛选突变的F0,对F0与野生型杂交产生的F1进行基因分型,筛选出突变基因型相同的F1并自交,对产生的F2基因分型后获得的纯合子即为无矿化肌间骨斑马鱼品系。
7.根据权利要求1所述的应用,所述的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.3所示。
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CN110684777A (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 华中农业大学 | 一段分离的核苷酸序列在肌间刺减少的斑马鱼构建中的应用 |
CN110684777B (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-07 | 华中农业大学 | 一段分离的核苷酸序列在肌间刺减少的斑马鱼构建中的应用 |
CN115943930A (zh) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-11 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | 一种无肌间刺银鲫的创制方法 |
CN115943930B (zh) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-03-19 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | 一种无肌间刺银鲫的创制方法 |
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