CN112211008A - 一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112211008A
CN112211008A CN201910620209.0A CN201910620209A CN112211008A CN 112211008 A CN112211008 A CN 112211008A CN 201910620209 A CN201910620209 A CN 201910620209A CN 112211008 A CN112211008 A CN 112211008A
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刘天余
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Jiangsu Tianyu Grinding Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法，属于涂附磨具基体技术领域，具体涉及一种涂附磨具的织物基体。其特征在于：本发明将搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层硬挺剂，并在定型机上温度160～180℃的条件下维持25～35s定型形成硬挺层，在硬挺层外采用防水型粘合剂，用带有刮刀的上浆机涂层形成防渗堵漏层刮刀将底布上的粘合剂刮平，同时把底布上网孔填平，上浆机刮刀以下刮刀刮浆，采用底面刮浆形式；再经烘干压光即得。本发明将普通的搭扣布制作为一面硬挺平整而又防渗的织物基体。不破坏搭扣布的搭扣结构，省去原基体，直接将磨料粘在搭扣布的织物基体上植砂，省去了粘贴复合的工序。

Description

一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法
技术领域
一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法，属于涂附磨具基体技术领域，具体涉及一种涂附磨具的织物基体。
背景技术
1.现代工业中在压铸、乐器、汽车、五金塑胶家具、造船、电子制品等方面均大量采用气动圆盘砂纸机来进行各种材质的抛光，消除工作表面细小的划痕和缺陷。气动圆盘砂纸机是与一种称做化纤搭扣圆盘砂纸(布)相结合进行抛光的。化纤搭扣圆盘砂纸(布)也称背绒圆盘砂纸是一种砂纸(布)的转换产品，它是在普通砂纸(如图4)的背面粘上化纤搭扣布(如图5)，制备时需先进行完整工艺的普通砂纸的制备，再用粘接剂将普通砂纸和搭扣布粘接，用冲床做成圆盘形或其它几何形状。
2.化纤搭扣实际上是一个封闭的线圈，抛光时只要把圆盘砂纸(布)贴压到砂纸机的圆盘上，搭扣和子扣相连在一起，圆盘砂纸(布)即被牢固地固定在砂纸机的圆盘上，砂纸机旋转即可抛光。圆盘砂纸(布)磨损后可以揭下。化纤搭扣圆盘砂纸(布)作为消耗材料使用量大，是现代工业中不可缺少的抛光材料。
3.在涂附磨具中，所用的三大材料为磨料、粘合剂和基体。而基体最常用的、最大量的两大类分别为纸基体和布基体。纸基体和目前可以使用的机织斜纹布做的布基体表面均平整挺括、粗糙度很低，才可进行涂胶植砂而良好的产品使用性能。
4.搭扣布的封闭线圈的搭扣不同于拉绒布和植绒布开放式毛绒，封闭线圈的搭扣在与子扣粘接相连时要比拉绒布和植绒布的毛绒形式牢固得多，在高速旋转的气动圆盘砂纸机上高强度打磨工件时才不会脱落。且现在能做砂布的拉绒布和植绒布均须本身的密度较大，才能够在浸渍后植砂。不同于本发明材料的搭扣布，布面柔软、弹性和伸缩率较大、尺寸不稳定、线圈间孔隙较大，无法简单浸渍处理后植砂。
5.搭扣布目前使用的原料主要是锦纶和涤纶，是一种经编织物，经编织物是线圈和线圈之间相互串套形成的织物，如果用搭扣布做砂布织物基体有如下不利因素：
搭扣布与机织布相比具有较大的弹性和伸缩性，受到外力时会产生较大的延展性，结构不稳定。
6.搭扣布的密度小于机织布很多，由于搭扣布结构是由线圈套结而成，线圈间空间较大，透气性大，与纸和机织布相比，粗糙度太大。
7.搭扣布在加工或使用过程中长度和宽度均易变化，在生产过程中会出现下机缩率、染整缩率、水洗缩率和弛缓回复缩率，每道生产工序尺寸都发生变化即尺寸非常不稳定，做涂附基体非常困难。
8.搭扣布除线圈之间空隙大，而后序植砂过程中粘合剂又非常稀，如果粘合剂透过搭扣底组织，搭扣和底组织就会粘在了一起，无法起到搭扣的作用产品报废。
由于以上不利因素，搭扣布至今不能做砂布基体。
发明内容
1.本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种单面硬挺平整，防水防渗可直接作为砂布基体的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法。
2.本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：该一种搭扣砂布的织物基体，包括搭扣布，搭扣布一面上有搭扣，其特征在于：所述的搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂有硬挺剂形成的一层硬挺层，硬挺层外有一层平整的防渗堵漏层；所述的硬挺层的材质为聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯乙酸脂、三氯氰胺树脂或脲醛树脂；所述的防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳或PVC乳液与酚醛树脂和增稠剂按照质量比(5～8):(1.5～3):1的混合物。
3.优选的，所述的防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7:2:1的混合物。
3.一种上述搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于，制备步骤为：
(1)在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层硬挺剂，并在定型机上160～180℃的条件下维持25～35s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
(2)将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外采用防水型粘合剂，用带有刮刀的上浆机涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
(3)将形成防渗堵漏层的搭扣布烘干；
(4)将烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整。
4.所述的硬挺剂为聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯、乙酸脂、三氯氰胺树脂或脲醛树脂。
5.优选的，所述的硬挺剂为含水30～70％的聚丙烯酸。
6.所述的防水型粘合剂为丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳或PVC乳液与酚醛树脂和增稠剂按照质量比(4～7):(1.5～3):1的混合物。
7.优选的，所述的防水型粘合剂为丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比 7:2:1的混合物。尤为适合搭扣布ll0g/m2，砂布P600以下使用。调配粘合剂的稀稠度正好与搭扣布孔隙大小适应。
8.本发明搭扣布作为涂附基体，涂附企业可在此基体上植砂，直接生产出搭扣圆盘砂布。
9.本发明所使用的搭扣布材料为化纤长丝，其生产工序为：化纤原料-整经- 经编机织造-染色-起圈-加硬挺剂-定型-加防水型粘合剂-烘干-轧车压平( 压光)-搭扣砂布的织物基体。
10.针对针织布布面柔软、弹性和伸缩率较大、尺寸不稳定的特点。在纺织行业中，为使布面变的硬挺，弹性小一些，尺寸稳定一点，通常采用的方法是在定型工序升高温度。但由于搭扣布上有搭扣，温度高了虽能使布变硬，但搭扣也会被高温破坏，搭扣与搭扣底布粘在一起而报废。本发明采用了在搭扣布底布上涂硬挺剂的方法解决以上问题，实现的作用有两个，一是在温度较低，时间较短的条件下，使搭扣布变的硬挺同时保护了布面上的搭扣，二是硬挺剂有较强的粘合作用，将搭扣布底布线圈与线圈互相串套的联接点固定在一起，使弛缓回复缩率大大减小，尺寸趋向稳定。硬挺剂的选择难度在于如何避免由于搭扣布网孔间过于稀疏造成的渗透而使搭扣也相互粘连而失去作用，而仅使线圈与线圈互相串套的联接点固定在一起。经优选，用含水25～75％的聚丙稀酸，定型机温度160～180℃，时间25～35秒生产效果较佳。
11.鉴于搭扣布密度小，线圈之间空间大，透气性大，粗糙度大，无法植砂，为提供搭扣布平整挺括性能和防渗透性能，本发明采用防水型粘合剂，用带有刮刀的上浆机涂层，当搭扣底布经上浆辊后，刮刀将底布上的粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平。上浆机刮刀采用底面刮浆形式，有效地保护了正面的搭扣。
12.此防水型粘合剂实现两个作用，其一可把搭扣布上的网孔填平，使底布变平整减小粗糙度，以达到植砂的要求，其二粘合剂中的防渗透作用保证植砂过程中的粘合剂不能渗透到搭扣布的正面，保护搭扣不会粘在底布上。
13.处理好的搭扣布进入烘干箱烘干，温度和时间以保护好搭扣完整的前提下设置温度和时间。
14.为使粘扣布粗糙度进一步降低，即底布更平整，做好的搭扣布进入 10t压光辊的轧车加压。
15.与现有技术相比，本发明的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体及其制备方法所具有的有益效果是：本发明将普通的搭扣布制作为一面硬挺平整而又防渗的织物基体。选用的硬挺剂和防水粘接剂与搭扣布配合紧密，不会破坏搭扣布的搭扣结构，而仅使搭扣布底布线圈与线圈互相串套的联接点固定在一起，使弛缓回复缩率大大减小，尺寸趋向稳定。从而可直接用搭扣布做圆盘砂纸的基体，省去原砂纸或布的普通纸质或布质基体，直接将磨料粘在搭扣布的织物基体上植砂，省去了砂纸(布)与搭扣布粘贴复合的工序，生产工序简化，成本大幅度降低，节约了资源。而且制得的磨具更轻便与气动圆盘砂纸机粘接更牢固而不易脱落。
附图说明
图1是搭扣布织物基体示意图。
图2是搭扣布底布加硬挺剂示意图。
图3是搭扣织物基体砂布示意图。
图4是普通砂纸结构示意图。
图5是普通砂纸搭扣圆盘结构示意。
其中：1、搭扣布 2、硬挺层 3、防渗堵漏层 4、磨料层 5、普通砂纸。
图1～3是本发明搭扣砂布的织物基体的最佳实施例，下面结合附图1～3对本发明做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
1.参照附图1～3：本发明搭扣砂布的织物基体，由搭扣布硬挺层、防渗堵漏层组成，搭扣布1，一面有搭扣，另一无搭扣面上涂有一层硬挺层、硬挺层主要使原本柔软、弹性和伸缩率较大的布面变硬并失去伸缩性；硬挺层外涂有一层平整的防渗堵漏层、防渗堵漏层是由刮刀刮平的，主要使布面平整并填平搭扣布串套的线圈形成的孔隙。防渗堵漏层平整无孔可直接植砂，并防止植砂粘接剂渗透到有搭扣的一面使搭扣失效。
2.硬挺层的材质为聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯乙酸脂、三氯氰胺树脂或脲醛树脂。
3.防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳或PVC乳液与酚醛树脂和增稠剂按照质量比(4～7):(1.5～3):1的混合物。优选的防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7:2:1的混合物。
3.下面通过具体实施例对本发明搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法做进
实施例1
1、选用ll0g/m2的搭扣布，在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层含水60％的聚丙烯酸，并在定型机上170℃的条件下维持35s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
2、将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外施加丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7:2:1的混合物，用带有刮刀的上浆机将上述材料涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
3、将形成防渗堵漏层的搭扣布进入烘干机，设置烘干机的温度在80℃，烘干3min，搭扣布烘干；
4、将烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整，即得搭扣砂布的织物基体。
5.在搭扣砂布的织物基体上涂附粘接剂植砂，制备为P600砂布。用冲床做成圆盘形，再粘到气动圆盘砂纸机上使用，粘接牢固、装揭方便。
实施例2
1、选用ll0g/m2的搭扣布，在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层含水30％的聚丙烯酸，并在定型机上160℃的条件下维持40s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
2、将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外施加丁苯胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7:2:1的混合物，用带有刮刀的上浆机将上述材料涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
3、将形成防渗堵漏层的搭扣布进入烘干机，设置烘干机的温度在80℃，烘干3min，搭扣布烘干；
4、将烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整，即得搭扣砂布的织物基体。
5.在搭扣砂布的织物基体上涂附粘接剂植砂，制备为P600砂布。用冲床做成圆盘形，再粘到气动圆盘砂纸机上使用，粘接牢固、装揭方便。
实施例3
1、选用l20g/m2的搭扣布，在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层含水70％的聚丙烯酸，并在定型机上180℃的条件下维持30s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
2、将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外施加丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7:2:1的混合物，用带有刮刀的上浆机将上述材料涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
3、将形成防渗堵漏层的搭扣布进入烘干机，设置烘干机的温度在80℃，烘干3min，搭扣布烘干；
4、将烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整，即得搭扣砂布的织物基体。
5.在搭扣砂布的织物基体上涂附粘接剂植砂，制备为P500砂布。用冲床做成圆盘形，再粘到气动圆盘砂纸机上使用，粘接牢固、装揭方便。
实施例4
1、选用l25g/m2的搭扣布，在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层含水50％的三氯氰胺树脂，并在定型机上170℃的条件下维持33s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
2、将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外施加PVC乳液、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比5:1.5:1的混合物，用带有刮刀的上浆机将上述材料涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
3、将形成防渗堵漏层的搭扣布进入烘干机，设置烘干机的温度在80℃，烘干3min，搭扣布烘干；
4、将烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整，即得搭扣砂布的织物基体。
5.在搭扣砂布的织物基体上涂附粘接剂植砂，制备为P400砂布。用冲床做成圆盘形，再粘到气动圆盘砂纸机上使用，粘接牢固、装揭方便。
6.以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种搭扣砂布的织物基体包括搭扣布搭扣布一面上有搭扣，其特征在于：所述的搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂有硬挺剂形成的一层硬挺层硬挺层外有一层平整的防渗堵漏层；所述的硬挺层的材质为聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯、乙酸脂、三氯氰胺树脂或脲醛树脂；所述的防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳或PVC乳液与酚醛树脂和增稠剂按照质量比(4～7)∶(1.5～3)∶1的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体，其特征在于：所述的防渗堵漏层的材质为丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7∶2∶1的混合物。
3.一种权利要求1～2所述的搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于，制备步骤为：
(1)在搭扣布的无搭扣面上涂覆一层硬挺剂，并在定型机温度160～180℃的条件下维持25～35s定型形成硬挺层，以使搭扣布变硬并失去伸缩性；
(2)将一面形成硬挺层的搭扣布在硬挺层外采用防水型粘合剂，用带有刮刀的上浆机涂层形成防渗堵漏层，当搭扣布经上浆辊后，采用下刮刀底面刮浆将底布上的防水型粘合剂刮平，同时粘合剂把底布上网孔填平，下刮刀底面刮浆保护正面的搭扣；
(3)将搭扣布烘干；
(4)经烘干的搭扣布进入10t的压光辊加压压光，以使底部更平整。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的硬挺剂为聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯、乙酸脂、三氯氰胺树脂或脲醛树脂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的硬挺剂为含水25～75％的聚丙烯酸。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的防水型粘合剂为丁腈胶乳、丁苯胶乳或PVC乳液与酚醛树脂和增稠剂按照质量比(4～7)∶(1.5～3)∶1的混合物。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种搭扣砂布的织物基体的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的防水型粘合剂为丁腈胶乳、酚醛树脂及增稠剂按质量比7∶2∶1的混合物。
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