CN112205401B - Disinfectant for silkworm and use method thereof - Google Patents
Disinfectant for silkworm and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112205401B CN112205401B CN202011123337.3A CN202011123337A CN112205401B CN 112205401 B CN112205401 B CN 112205401B CN 202011123337 A CN202011123337 A CN 202011123337A CN 112205401 B CN112205401 B CN 112205401B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/20—Combustible or heat-generating compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
Abstract
The invention provides a disinfectant for silkworms and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of pest control of silkworms. The disinfectant for silkworm provided by the invention comprises compound paraformaldehyde and quicklime. The invention generates heat energy by means of chemical reaction of the quicklime, provides a heat source for the compound paraformaldehyde, accelerates the compound paraformaldehyde to release formaldehyde gas, does not depend on external heat source for heating, is simple and convenient to operate, and has small corrosive effect on metal steel frames and cotton and linen products. The results of the embodiment show that the disinfectant for silkworms can replace or assist the traditional bleaching powder to carry out comprehensive and complete disinfection before and after silkworms and disinfection in the silkworm rearing period, the cocooning rate, the cage death rate, the total cocoon quantity, the cocoon layer rate and the cocoon yield of the silkworms of four ages have no obvious difference, the rearing performance is close to the effect of the bleaching powder, and the disinfectant has the prevention and treatment effect on white muscardine silkworm and blood type pyosis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control of silkworm, and particularly relates to a disinfectant for silkworm and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, the disinfectants commonly used in silkworm breeding production are mainly bleaching powder, compound paraformaldehyde powder, quicklime and the like. The bleaching powder is a broad-spectrum disinfectant, has a disinfection effect on various silkworm diseases, but has strong corrosivity, has strong corrosivity on metal products and cotton-linen fabrics, most of breeding rooms are silkworm rooms made of steel frames (metal) under the condition that silkworm breeding bases are more and more standardized and scaled, the service life of the metal silkworm rooms (steel frames) is greatly shortened after the bleaching powder is used for a long time, and meanwhile, the bleaching powder often fades or corrodes colored cotton clothes of workers. Lime is not a broad-spectrum medicine for killing pathogenic microorganisms in the production of silkworm breeding, but has the functions of isolating dead silkworms or silkworm excrement (residues) and effectively controlling pathogenic infection and spread. The paraformaldehyde powder used conventionally is mainly used for achieving the purpose of disinfection by releasing formaldehyde in heating and other modes, and needs to be heated by an external heat source, along with the rise of temperature, if an open fire source is used for heating to the ignition temperature, the formaldehyde can be combusted, unsafe factors can be brought, and on the contrary, the disinfection effect cannot be achieved due to too little heating fuel. Therefore, at present, there is an urgent need for a disinfectant suitable for silkworm rearing rooms, silkworm rearing instruments and equipment, which has less corrosion to metal breeding rooms and equipment and is simple and convenient to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a disinfectant for silkworms and a method of using the same. The disinfectant for silkworms provided by the invention can be used for disinfection before, after and during silkworm rearing, has small corrosion to metal products and cotton and linen products, is convenient to use, has good disinfection effect, and is very suitable for disinfection of large-scale steel frame silkworm rearing places and silkworm rearing tools and equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a disinfectant for silkworms, which comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde powder and quicklime.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms further comprises separately dispensed water.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1-1.5 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder, 2-3 parts of quick lime and 0.5-1 part of water; when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, the disinfectant for silkworms comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1-1.2 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20-40 parts of quick lime.
Preferably, the quicklime comprises mineral lime.
The invention provides a use method of the disinfectant for silkworms in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps that when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and placed in a sealed silkworm room, the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m3The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the volume of the silkworm rearing room is 350-500 g; when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and then sprinkled on a silkworm rearing bed, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder2The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the area of the silkworm rearing bed is 150-250 g.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfection time is 24-36 h, and the disinfection environment is as follows: the temperature is 24-28 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than 75%.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, the disinfection environment is ventilated, the relative humidity of the disinfection environment is 70% -80%, and the disinfection time is 10-25 min.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during rearing of silkworms, the disinfectant for silkworms is used once each on the second day for silkworms of three or four ages and once each on the first, third and fifth days for silkworms of five ages.
Preferably, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms is used under a condition that a rearing bed is dry, and is prohibited from being used when exposed water and rainwater are encountered when mulberry leaves are given.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a disinfectant for silkworms, which comprises compound paraformaldehyde and quicklime. The invention generates heat energy by means of chemical reaction of the quicklime, provides a heat source for the compound paraformaldehyde, accelerates the compound paraformaldehyde to release formaldehyde gas, does not depend on external heat source for heating, has simple and convenient operation and has small corrosion effect on metal steel frames and cotton and linen products. The results of the examples show that the disinfectant for silkworms can replace or assist the traditional bleaching powder to disinfect the silkworms before and after the silkworms, the cocooning rate, the cage death rate, the total cocoon volume, the cocoon shell rate and the cocoon yield of the four-instar silkworms have no obvious difference, the feeding performance is close to the effect of the bleaching powder, and the disinfectant has the prevention and treatment effect on the white muscardine silkworm and the blood type pyosis.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a disinfectant for silkworms, which comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde powder and quicklime.
The disinfectant for silkworm comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde powder and quicklime. The compound paraformaldehyde powder disclosed by the invention needs to be protected from moisture so as to prevent the disinfection and sterilization effects from being influenced. The invention has no special requirements on the source of the compound paraformaldehyde powder, and can be prepared by adopting the conventional commercial product in the field. The quicklime of the invention is preferably mineral lime. The mineral lime and water react chemically to generate a great deal of heat and form OH-Ions have good killing or inhibiting effect on virus diseases, bacterial diseases and the like; meanwhile, the compound polyformaldehyde agent has the function of a catalyst, generates formaldehyde gas and enhances the killing or inhibiting effect on viruses, bacteria and the like. In the present invention, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms preferably further comprises separately dispensed water. The disinfectant for silkworms of the present invention is preferably used for disinfection before, after and during silkworm rearing. When the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: compound paraformaldehyde1-1.5 parts of powder, 2-3 parts of quicklime and 0.5-1 part of water, and further preferably 1.5 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder, 2 parts of quicklime and 1 part of water. When the disinfectant for silkworms is used during silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms preferably includes the following components in parts by mass: 1-1.2 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20-40 parts of quick lime; when the silkworm age is three or four, the silkworm further preferably comprises 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 40 parts of quick lime; when the silkworm is five years old, the feed further preferably comprises 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20 parts of quicklime.
The silkworm disinfectant disclosed by the invention utilizes the chemical reaction of quicklime to generate heat energy, so that the compound paraformaldehyde powder provides a heat source, the toluene gas release of the compound paraformaldehyde powder is accelerated, no external heat source is required to be added, and the operation is convenient and safe; the disinfectant for the silkworms can replace the traditional bleaching powder to disinfect the silkworms before and after the silkworms and disinfect the silkworms in the silkworm period, the cocooning rate, the cage death rate, the total cocoon volume, the cocoon shell rate and the cocoon yield of the silkworms of four ages have no obvious difference, the feeding performance is close to the effect of the bleaching powder, the killing effect on fungal spores is good, the occurrence of fungal diseases of the silkworms can be effectively controlled or reduced, and especially, the disinfectant has obvious prevention and treatment effects on the white muscardine silkworm and the blood type pyosis; meanwhile, the disinfectant for silkworms has small corrosion effect on metal steel frames and cotton and linen products, prolongs the service life of equipment, reduces the production cost, and is very suitable for disinfection of large-scale steel frame silkworm breeding places and environments. In addition, the invention adjusts the dosage of each component aiming at different purposes before, after and during the sericulture, so that the disinfectant for the silkworms can be suitable for each stage in the sericulture, has wide application range, and overcomes the defect that the disinfectant in the prior art is not universal in disinfection before and after the sericulture and during the sericulture.
The invention provides a use method of the disinfectant for silkworms in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps that when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and placed in a sealed silkworm room, the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m3The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the volume of the silkworm rearing room is 350-500 g; when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and then sprinkled on a silkworm rearing bed, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder2The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the area of the silkworm rearing bed is 150-250 g.
When the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and placed in a sealed silkworm room, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder3The amount of paraformaldehyde powder used in the silkworm rearing room is 350 to 500g, preferably 400 to 450g, and more preferably 425 g. In the present invention, the disinfectant for silkworms is preferably carried out in a sealed environment when used before and/or after silkworm rearing. In the present invention, the sealing method is preferably to seal the gap between the silkworm rearing room and the door window with paper or film. After sealing, the components in the disinfectant and bactericide for silkworms are mixed and then placed in a sealed silkworm room. The invention has no special requirement on the mixing mode, and the conventional mixing mode in the field can be adopted. The disinfectant for silkworm is preferably prepared at present, and is put into a silkworm room immediately after being prepared for disinfection. In the invention, the environment for disinfection and sterilization is preferably 24-28 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 75%; further preferably, the temperature is 24 ℃ and the relative humidity is 80%. In the invention, the time for disinfection is preferably 24-36 h, and more preferably 36 h. When the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the environment and the apparatus to be disinfected and sterilized are fumigated by adopting a mode of mixing the compound paraformaldehyde, the quicklime and the water in proportion, the chemical reaction of the quicklime is more violent due to the addition of the water, more heat is released, the speed of releasing formaldehyde by the compound paraformaldehyde is quicker, the concentration of the formaldehyde in the disinfection environment reaches a certain concentration, the effect of disinfecting and sterilizing the silkworm chamber and the apparatus is achieved, no external source of fire is added, open fire does not exist, and the disinfectant is more convenient and safer to use.
When it is at homeWhen the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, the components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and then sprinkled on a silkworm rearing bed, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder2The amount of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the area of the rearing bed is 150 to 250g, preferably 180 to 220g, more preferably 200g, and preferably applied in the form of a thin cream. In the present invention, the rearing bed area is the area range and space in which the silkworm moves. In the present invention, when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during silkworm rearing, the disinfection environment should be well ventilated, and the relative humidity of the disinfection environment is preferably 70% to 80%, and more preferably 75%; in the invention, the disinfection time is preferably 10-25 min, and more preferably 15-20 min. In the invention, the ventilation operation can prevent the stimulation effect of formaldehyde gas generated in the disinfection and sterilization process on human eyes, noses and the like and prevent the generation of excessive formaldehyde which causes toxicity to silkworm bodies. The disinfectant and germicide for silkworms of the present invention is preferably used once each on the next day for silkworms of three or four ages and once each on the first, third and fifth days for silkworms of five ages. When the disinfectant for silkworms of the present invention is used during silkworm rearing, the disinfectant for silkworms is preferably used under a condition that a rearing bed is dry, and is prohibited from being used when exposed water and rainwater are applied to mulberry leaves. When the disinfectant for silkworm is used in silkworm rearing period, the silkworm body and silkworm rearing bed are disinfected and sterilized by mixing the compound paraformaldehyde and the quick lime in a ratio, and because the disinfectant for silkworm is directly used for disinfecting the silkworm rearing bed, the disinfectant can generate heat when meeting water in the air and emit formaldehyde gas when being prepared and used at present, and the temperature is increased and the formaldehyde concentration is increased along with the time extension in a certain range of time and space, so that the disinfectant has a good disinfecting and sterilizing effect and cannot damage the silkworm body.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, a disinfectant for silkworms and a method of using the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A disinfectant for silkworms comprises, by mass, 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde and 20 parts of quick lime which are separately packaged. Wherein the compound paraformaldehyde powder is purchased from Jiangsu Nantong Tianze source animal pharmaceutical Co Ltd; the quicklime is purchased from a lime processing factory in Shanghai province of China.
The using method comprises the following steps: the components of the disinfectant for silkworms are uniformly mixed and then are uniformly scattered on a silkworm rearing bed, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder2The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used for the area of the rearing bed is 200g, and the disinfection time is 20 min. The disinfectant for silkworms is used once in the next day of three-and four-instar silkworms and once in the first, third and fifth days of five-instar silkworms. The disinfectant can generate formaldehyde gas, has stimulation to eyes, noses and the like of people, has stimulation to silkworms, and needs to open doors and windows and keep the silkworm rearing room ventilated. The disinfectant of the invention is prepared in situ and is used immediately after being prepared. The disinfectant for silkworm is contraindicated in wet silkworm rearing bed, water supply and mulberry leaves with water.
Example 2
A disinfectant for silkworms comprises, by mass, 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde, 2 parts of quicklime and 1 part of water which are separately packaged.
The using method comprises the following steps: mixing compound paraformaldehyde 1 and quicklime 2 parts, adding water 1 part, rapidly stirring for 1min, immediately placing into a closed silkworm room, at 24 deg.C and humidity of 80%, wherein the disinfectant and bactericide for silkworm is prepared from paraformaldehyde powder 100m3The using amount of the paraformaldehyde powder in the volume of the silkworm rearing room is 450g, the doors and the windows are closed and sealed, after 24 hours, the doors and the windows are opened, and the silkworm rearing test is carried out for 5 days after moisture removal.
Example 3
A disinfectant for silkworm comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde and quicklime, wherein the compound paraformaldehyde is 1 part, the quicklime is 2 parts, and 0.5 part of water is added.
The procedure was as in example 2.
Example 4
A disinfectant for silkworm comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde, quicklime and water, wherein the compound paraformaldehyde is 1 part, and the quicklime is 30 parts.
The procedure was as in example 1.
Example 5
A disinfectant for silkworm comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde, quicklime and water, wherein the compound paraformaldehyde is 1 part, and the quicklime is 40 parts.
The procedure was as in example 1.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1(CK1)
Conventional bleaching powder disinfectants: consisting of 1kg of bleaching powder and 24kg of water.
The using method comprises the following steps: the above dosage of bleaching powder disinfectant can be used for disinfecting silkworm rearing room with disinfection area of 100m2。
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2(CK2)
The anti-stiff powder disinfectant comprises: consists of bleaching powder and quicklime. When the disinfectant is used for disinfecting three-instar silkworms, four-instar silkworms and five-instar silkworms in the silkworm period, the mass ratio of the bleaching powder to the quick lime is 1:12, 1:9 and 1:8 respectively.
The using method comprises the following steps: spreading on silkworm rearing bed every day, every 100m2The disinfectant for silkworm rearing bed area is 3000g, and the disinfection time is 20 min.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3(CK3)
"Antibaterial" No. 2 (Huzhou Baocheng silkworm products Co., Ltd.): 1 part of Antistiff No. 2 and 20 parts of quicklime.
The procedure was as in example 1.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4(CK4)
Quicklime disinfectant:
the procedure was as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
A disinfectant for silkworms comprises, by mass, 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde and 10 parts of quick lime which are separately packaged.
The procedure was as in example 1.
Evaluation of Effect
1. Temperature change condition of disinfectant for silkworms with different compound paraformaldehyde powder mass contents during preparation
In 4 months in 2019, the preparation of the disinfectant for silkworms is carried out in a laboratory in accordance with the law of bases in the silkworm institute of the agricultural academy of Guizhou province, 5000g of the prepared disinfectant is stored in a plastic bucket with the volume of 12L under the condition of the same temperature and the same humidity, the plastic bucket is stored in a sealed manner, and the temperature change condition is measured. Set 4 to treat 3 replicates, respectively:
and (3) treatment A: using the disinfectant for silkworms of example 5, 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 40 parts of fresh quicklime;
and (B) treatment: 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 30 parts of fresh quicklime powder are used as the disinfectant for silkworms in the embodiment 4;
and C, treatment: the disinfectant for silkworms in example 1 is prepared from 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20 parts of fresh quicklime powder.
The temperature change was examined under the same ambient conditions of 18 ℃ and 75% humidity, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 temperature survey of quality of different compound paraformaldehyde powders
| Time | Treatment A | Treatment B | Treatment C |
| 0min | 18.0 | 18.0 | 18.0 |
| 5min | 18.5 | 19.0 | 19.5 |
| 10min | 19.1 | 20.4 | 21.5 |
| 20min | 20.0 | 22.4 | 23.1 |
| 25min | 20.5 | 22.9 | 23.8 |
| 30min | 20.8 | 23.3 | 24.4 |
| 35min | 21.4 | 23.7 | 24.4 |
| 40min | 22.9 | 24.1 | 25.8 |
| 45min | 23.3 | 24.5 | 26.1 |
| 50min | 23.7 | 24.8 | 26.4 |
| 55min | 24.0 | 25.1 | 26.6 |
| 60min | 24.3 | 25.4 | 26.8 |
| 65min | 24.6 | 25.7 | 27.1 |
| 70min | 24.9 | 26.0 | 27.3 |
| 75min | 25.1 | 26.2 | 27.4 |
| 80min | 25.3 | 26.4 | 27.5 |
| 85min | 25.2 | 26.5 | 27.4 |
| 90min | 25.0 | 26.3 | 27.2 |
| 95min | 24.8 | 26.1 | 26.9 |
| 100min | 24.5 | 26.0 | 26.5 |
As can be seen from table 1, in the same room with temperature and humidity, the temperature of the disinfectant with different mass contents of the compound paraformaldehyde powder varies within a certain volume. Temperature increase in order from small to large: the temperature of the disinfectant and the bactericide in the treatment A is less than that in the treatment B and is proper, and the disinfectant and the bactericide are suitable for disinfecting and sterilizing silkworm rearing beds in the silkworm rearing period.
2. Temperature change condition of different water content in preparation of disinfectant for silkworm
In 4 months in 2019, the preparation of the disinfectant for silkworms is carried out in a law base laboratory in the silkworm institute of agricultural academy of sciences in Guizhou province, 5000g of the prepared disinfectant and bactericide is added into plastic buckets with the volume of 12L and different water contents under the same environmental condition, the plastic buckets are stored in a sealed manner, and the temperature change condition is measured. Set 3 to process 3 replicates, respectively:
and D, processing: using the disinfectant for silkworms of example 3, 1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder, 2 parts of fresh quicklime powder and 0.5 part of water;
and E, processing: the disinfectant for silkworms of example 2, compound paraformaldehyde powder 1 part, fresh quicklime powder 2 parts and water 1 part were used.
In the laboratory, a sterilizing agent was put into a plastic tub having a volume of 12L under an environment of 18 ℃ and 75% humidity, and the change in temperature was examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 investigation of temperature changes by adding different moisture contents during disinfectant preparation
| Time | Process D | Treatment E |
| 0min | 18.0 | 18.0 |
| 5min | 30.5 | 34.5 |
| 10min | 36.6 | 37.3 |
| 20min | 42.3 | 48.3 |
| 25min | 48.9 | 57.6 |
| 30min | 61.3 | 65.6 |
| 35min | 64.8 | 70.0 |
| 40min | 69.1 | 72.4 |
| 45min | 73.7 | 74.8 |
| 50min | 78.3 | 79.9 |
| 55min | 83.5 | 84.3 |
| 60min | 84.9 | 87.0 |
| 65min | 85.5 | 86.9 |
| 70min | 85.3 | 86.7 |
| 75min | 84.8 | 86.1 |
| 80min | 84.2 | 85.5 |
| 85min | 83.3 | 85.2 |
| 90min | 83.5 | 84.7 |
| 95min | 83.1 | 84.1 |
| 100min | 82.9 | 83.7 |
As can be seen from table 2, in the same room with temperature and humidity, the temperatures of the disinfectants with different mass contents of the compound paraformaldehyde powder are different in a certain volume. The temperature increases from small to big and processes D < processing E sequentially, the more its moisture content in the disinfectant is, its temperature increases and is also bigger, be suitable for before the sericulture and/or disinfection when breeding silkworms after, this application adds the disinfectant of water and does not be suitable for with the sericulture period rearing bed disinfection and sterilization, prevent that the silkworm is used improperly and arouses the burn.
3. Research on prevention and treatment effect of disinfectant for silkworms before silkworm disinfection
In 5 months in 2019, under the condition that silkworms are bred in two silkworm rooms with the same area and size and the breeding conditions are consistent in 2018 of Fukang silkworm mulberry professional cooperative society in Fenggang county in Zuyi, the influence of the disinfection of the disinfectant for silkworms before silkworm breeding on the growth and the economic character of Huakang No. 2 silkworm is investigated. This experiment set up 2 to treat 3 replicates, respectively:
and F, treatment: the disinfectant of example 2 was used in the same manner as in example 2.
CK 2: the disinfectant of comparative example 1 was used in the same manner as in comparative example 1.
Breeding and managing newly-bred silkworms of three ages with the maximum rearing bed area of 400 silkworms in the four ages in the full age period of 0.8m2. The cocooning rate, cage death rate, total cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and yield of the four-instar silkworms are investigated by processing statistics with Excel tables and Dps data, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 cocooning rate, cage death rate and cocoon quality of four-instar silkworms
| Treatment of | Cocooning rate/% of four-instar silkworms | Death rate/% | Total cocoon weight/g | Cocoon layer weight/g | Cocoon layer ratio/%) |
| F | 99.17aA | 1.34aA | 2.30aA | 0.49aA | 21.10aA |
| CK2 | 99.33aA | 1.31aA | 2.40aA | 0.51aA | 21.29aA |
TABLE 4 investigation of cocoon yield of different treatments
Remarking: 1. the cell yield refers to the quantity (kg) of 400 silkworm cocoons harvested before the second feeding of the four-instar silkworms; 2. the cocoon yield of the parent silkworm is the amount (kg) of the harvested silkworm cocoon counted by 25000 silkworms.
As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, the cocooning rate, cage death rate, total cocoon weight, cocoon layer weight and yield of four-instar silkworms treated with F, and CK2The difference between various indexes is not obvious. The disinfectant for silkworms can replace or be used for disinfecting silkworms before and after silkworms by the traditional bleaching powder clear liquid, the difference among various indexes is not obvious, and the breeding achievement is close to the disinfection effect of the traditional conventional bleaching powder clear liquid.
4. Influence of disinfectant for silkworm on growth and cocoon production
In 2019, 6 months, experiments on the influence of the disinfectant for silkworms on the growth and development and cocoon production of the silkworm variety Huakang No. two were carried out at Fukang silkworm mulberry professional cooperative society of Fenggang county, Yongyi city. Set 3 to process 3 replicates, respectively:
and G, processing: the disinfectant of the embodiment 1 (1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20 parts of fresh quicklime) is used, and the using method is the same as that of the embodiment 1;
and (4) treatment H: the disinfectant of the embodiment 5 (1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 30 parts of fresh quicklime) is used, and the using method is the same as that of the embodiment 5;
CK1: the disinfectant of comparative example 5 (1 part of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 10 parts of fresh quicklime) is used, and the using method is the same as that of example 1;
CK3: with the disinfectant of comparative example 2: the method of use is the same as in comparative example 2.
The rearing bed disinfection test is carried out before the second mulberry feeding of the four-year-old silkworms. The growth and development conditions, the cocooning rate of five-instar silkworms, the total cocoon weight, the cocoon shell weight and the yield of the silkworms are investigated by processing statistics by using Excel tables and Dps data, and the results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 growth development and cocoon quality of differently treated silkworms
| Treatment of | Silkworm poisoning rate (%) | Cocoon formation ratio (%) | Total cocoon weight (g) | Amount of cocoon layer (g) | Cocoon layer ratio (%) |
| G | 0.00 | 98.25 | 1.718 | 0.380 | 22.13 |
| H | 0.00 | 97.44 | 1.705 | 0.377 | 22.09 |
| CK1 | 0.65 | 95.29 | 1.690 | 0.369 | 21.85 |
| CK3 | 0.00 | 97.38 | 1.702 | 0.375 | 22.03 |
TABLE 6 cocoon yield of different silkworms treated
Remarking: the cell yield refers to the quantity (kg) of 400 silkworm cocoons harvested before the second silkworm of four ages gives mulberry leaves; 2. the cocoon yield of the parent silkworm is the amount (kg) of the harvested silkworm cocoon counted by 25000 silkworms.
As can be seen from tables 5 and 6, CK was processed1The compound paraformaldehyde has high content, the silkworm spitting liquid shows poisoning phenomenon, the poisoning incidence rate is 0.65%, and the compound paraformaldehyde is treated H, I, CK3No liquid discharge phenomenon. G treatment H for sequentially treating cocooning rate from high to low>CK3>CK1The whole cocoon weight, the cocoon shell weight and the cocoon shell rate are in the same order as the cocoon forming rate from high to low.
Sequential high to low cocoon yield treatment G>Treatment H>CK3>CK1. The difference between the treatment G and each treatment is very obvious; processing H and CK3Significant difference from CK1The difference between them is very significant.
5. Research on prevention and treatment effect of silkworm disinfectant on silkworm white muscardine
When silkworms are bred from the breeding base of young silkworms in Qingzhen city to the beginning of three years in 2016, the white muscardine of over 100 silkworm species in No. 2 of the two Guangdong silkworms of the batch commonly occurs, and the incidence rate of the white muscardine in each breeding area is about 0.16 percent. Here, 3 repetitions of the treatment are set, respectively:
and (3) processing I: example 1 was used in the same manner as example 1;
CK 2: the treatment of comparative example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in comparative example 2.
CK 3: the treatment with fangchen No. 2 of comparative example 3 was carried out in the same manner as in comparative example 3.
Aiming at the occurrence of the catalepsy, a technical implementation scheme is established, and the research on the prevention and treatment effect is developed. Firstly, sick silkworms are found to be timely picked up and removed before mulberry feeding every time, and a disinfectant is continuously used for disinfecting silkworm rearing beds every day. The cocooning rate, the stiff silkworm rate, the whole cocoon weight, the cocoon shell weight and the yield of the three-instar silkworms are investigated, and the detection results are shown in tables 7 and 8.
TABLE 7 incidence of different treatments of stiffness and cocoon quality
TABLE 8 investigation of cocoon yields from different treatments
Remarking: the cell yield refers to the quantity (kg) of 400 silkworm cocoons harvested before the second silkworm of four ages gives mulberry leaves; 2. the cocoon yield of the parent silkworm is the amount (kg) of the harvested silkworm cocoon counted by 25000 silkworms.
As can be seen from tables 7 and 8, the sequence of the incidence rates (%) of catalepsy from low to high is treatment I < CK2< CK3, and the sequence of the incidence rates (%) of catalepsy from low to high is the same as the sequence of the incidence rates of catalepsy; the whole cocoon weight (g) is processed by I > CK2> CK3 in the sequence from high to low, and the cocoon layer weight (g) and the cocoon layer rate (%) are consistent with the whole cocoon weight sequence from high to low.
The cocoon yield of the silkworm is from high to low in the order of processing I > CK2> CK3, and the difference between the processing I and CK2 and CK3 is extremely obvious. The cocoon yield of the disinfectant treated by the disinfectant I is increased by 2.31% compared with CK2(41.06kg) and 9.19% compared with CK3(38.47 kg).
6. Research on silkworm blood disease prevention and treatment test by using disinfectant
In 8 months in 2019, most silkworm farmers breed Libo county Yaoshan Yao nationality county, Liang No. 2 enter the sleep stage of four-instar silkworms, and the occurrence rate of silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis is about 0.1 percent. Set 3 to process 3 replicates, respectively:
and J, treatment: the silkworm was treated with the disinfectant of example 1, and the method of use was the same as in example 1;
CK 2: the treatment of comparative example 2 was carried out in the same manner as in comparative example 2;
CK 4: the treatment of comparative example 4 was carried out in the same manner as in comparative example 4.
Aiming at the occurrence of the pyosis, an implementation technical scheme is established, a test study on the prevention and treatment effect is developed, firstly, diseased silkworms are found to be picked up and removed in time before the silkworms are given each time, a disinfectant is continuously used for disinfecting silkworm body rearing beds every day, the occurrence number of blood diseases, the cocooning rate, the total cocoon quantity, the cocoon layer quantity and the yield of five-instar silkworms every day are investigated, and the results are shown in tables 9 and 10.
TABLE 9 incidence of pyosis and cocoon
| Treatment of | Incidence of sepsis/%) | Cocooning rate/% of five-instar silkworms | Total cocoon weight/g | Cocoon layer weight/g | Cocoon layer ratio/%) |
| J | 0.35 | 96.26 | 1.688 | 0.368 | 21.82 |
| CK2 | 2.08 | 94.23 | 1.682 | 0.362 | 21.52 |
| CK4 | 3.07 | 90.90 | 1.667 | 0.356 | 21.34 |
TABLE 10 investigation of cocoon yields from different treatments
Remarking: the cell yield refers to the quantity (kg) of 400 silkworm cocoons harvested before the second silkworm of five years old gives mulberry leaves; 2. the cocoon yield of the parent silkworm is the amount (kg) of the harvested silkworm cocoon counted by 25000 silkworms.
As can be seen from tables 9 and 10, the incidence (%) of pus was, in order from low to high, J < CK2< CK 4; the cocooning rate (%) of five-instar silkworms is treated to J > CK2> CK 4; the whole cocoon weight (g) is processed by J > CK2> CK4 in a high-to-low sequence, and the cocoon layer weight (g) and the cocoon layer rate (%) are consistent with the whole cocoon weight sequence in a high-to-low sequence.
The cocoon yield of the strain is sequentially from high to low in J > CK2> CK4, and the difference between the J treatment and CK2 and CK4 is extremely obvious. The cocoon yield (40.625kg) of the disinfectant J after treatment is increased by 1.56% compared with CK2(40kg) and 7.26% compared with CK4(37.875 kg).
The results of the examples show that the disinfectant for silkworms of the present invention can be used for disinfection before, after and during silkworm rearing, and has a good effect of preventing and treating white muscardine silkworm and blood type diseases; in addition, the disinfectant for silkworms is simple to operate, has small damage to metal steel frames and cotton and linen products, can effectively prolong the service life of the steel frames, reduces the production cost, and is very suitable for disinfection of large-scale steel frame silkworm breeding places and environments.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for using a disinfectant for silkworms comprises the following steps that when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and placed in a sealed silkworm room, the using amount of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the using amount of paraformaldehyde powder3The dosage of the paraformaldehyde powder used in the volume of the silkworm rearing room is 350-500 g; when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, all components in the disinfectant for silkworms are mixed and then sprinkled on a silkworm rearing bed, and the dosage of the disinfectant for silkworms is 100m based on the dosage of paraformaldehyde powder2The using amount of the paraformaldehyde powder for the area of the silkworm rearing bed is 150-250 g;
the disinfectant for silkworm comprises independently subpackaged compound paraformaldehyde powder and quicklime.
2. The method of using a disinfectant-germicide for silkworms according to claim 1, characterized in that when the disinfectant-germicide for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant-germicide for silkworms further comprises separately dispensed water.
3. The method of using a disinfectant-germicide for silkworms according to claim 2, characterized in that when the disinfectant-germicide for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfectant-germicide for silkworms comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1-1.5 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder, 2-3 parts of quick lime and 0.5-1 part of water; when the disinfectant for silkworms is used in a silkworm rearing period, the disinfectant for silkworms comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1-1.2 parts of compound paraformaldehyde powder and 20-40 parts of quick lime.
4. The method of using a disinfectant and germicide for silkworms according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the quick lime comprises mineral lime.
5. The use method according to claim 1, wherein when the disinfectant for silkworms is used before and/or after silkworm rearing, the disinfection time is 24 to 36 hours, and the disinfection environment is: the temperature is 24-28 ℃, and the relative humidity is more than 75%.
6. The use method according to claim 1, wherein when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during silkworm rearing, the disinfection environment is ventilated, the relative humidity of the disinfection environment is 70 to 80%, and the disinfection time is 10 to 25 min.
7. The use method according to claim 1, wherein when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during rearing of silkworms, the disinfectant for silkworms is used once each on the second day for three-and four-instar silkworms and once each on the first, third and fifth days for five-instar silkworms.
8. The use method according to claim 1, wherein when the disinfectant for silkworms is used during rearing of silkworms, the disinfectant for silkworms is used under a condition that a rearing bed is dry, and is prohibited from being used when exposed to dew and rain water when giving mulberry leaves.
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