CN112205238A - Bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius - Google Patents

Bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112205238A
CN112205238A CN202011161951.9A CN202011161951A CN112205238A CN 112205238 A CN112205238 A CN 112205238A CN 202011161951 A CN202011161951 A CN 202011161951A CN 112205238 A CN112205238 A CN 112205238A
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Prior art keywords
phellinus igniarius
inoculation
phellinus
mulberry
drilling
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CN202011161951.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张洪海
蔡明军
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Changzhou Jintan District Edible Fungi Association
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Changzhou Jintan District Edible Fungi Association
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Priority to CN202011161951.9A priority Critical patent/CN112205238A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms

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  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius is characterized in that the artificial cultivation of the phellinus igniarius and the phellinus linteus is easy to produce mushroom, so that the phellinus igniarius cultivated manually at present is mostly two varieties. The artificial cultivation of the phellinus igniarius is difficult, the fruiting rate is low, the pollution is easy to occur, the nutrition of the culture material is difficult to continuously supply, the growth period is short, the mushroom body is small, the texture is loose, the medicinal value and the medicinal components are greatly reduced, and the artificial cultivation is far less than that of the wild phellinus igniarius. Compared with wild phellinus igniarius, the invention has the advantages that the occurrence probability of phellinus igniarius is obviously improved, fruiting can be infected by 100 percent, the yield is obviously improved, and the shape and the components of the fruiting body are the same as those of the wild phellinus igniarius. Compared with artificial cultivation, the method solves the problems of low incidence rate of phellinus linteus primordium, complicated labor, no nutrient supply of culture material, no splitting of phellinus linteus in artificial cultivation, bad mushroom shape, low effective components and the like. The bionic phellinus igniarius production technology does not influence the production of the silkworm industry, and can additionally increase a remarkable income for silkworm farmers.

Description

Bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phellinus igniarius cultivation, in particular to a bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius.
Background
Phellinus igniarius, also known as sang minister, Morus alba Linne and Hu Sun eyes, has the effects of improving the immunity of a human body and resisting cancers, and is an extremely rare medicinal fungus. The history of use in China for more than 2000 years is recorded in ancient books ' book compendium of materia Medica ' of Shennong's herbal.
Phellinus igniarius is of many varieties including Poplar's yellow, Boehmeria nivea yellow, Rhus verniciflua yellow and the like, and Phellinus igniarius has the highest medicinal value. In 7 months in 2020, phellinus igniarius is listed in the national Chinese medicinal material directory, and the market demand of phellinus igniarius will be sharply expanded. The wild phellinus igniarius has harsh requirements on environmental conditions, the wild phellinus igniarius resources are very rare and are exhausted under the market demand pressure, and the requirement for rapidly expanding the market cannot be met. The artificial cultivation of the phellinus igniarius and the phellinus linteus is easy to produce mushrooms, so that the two varieties of phellinus igniarius are mostly cultivated artificially. The artificial cultivation of the phellinus igniarius is difficult, the fruiting rate is low, the pollution is easy to occur, the culture material nutrition is difficult to continuously supply for short growth period, the mushroom body is small, the medicinal value and the medicinal components are greatly reduced, and the artificial cultivation is far less than that of the wild phellinus igniarius. Therefore, the artificial cultivation technique and method can not meet the requirement of the market on the high quality of the phellinus igniarius.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for improving the incidence rate and the yield of phellinus igniarius; can supply nutrition for the growth of phellinus igniarius for a long time; the labor is simple; is a bionic cultivation technology capable of producing phellinus igniarius in batch culture.
The invention provides a bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius,
comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a phellinus igniarius strain for cutting off;
firstly, obtaining pure strain of phellinus igniarius and preparing mother strain, collecting wild phellinus igniarius when the phellinus igniarius is suitable for growing, obtaining tissue blocks from the growing points of the wild phellinus igniarius under the aseptic operation condition, and inoculating the tissue blocks on a PDA culture medium, wherein the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
② preparation of stock for planting phellinus igniarius, the stock formula is 83-88% of mulberry wood dust, 10-15% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, after sterilization and cold scarcity, the stock is inoculated under aseptic operation, the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
preparing a stock seed formula which comprises 88-93% of mulberry sawdust, 5-10% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, sterilizing, cooling, and inoculating the stock seed under aseptic operation, wherein the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
step two: a preparation stage before inoculation of bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius;
firstly, selecting an inoculation object: selecting mulberry with stem thickness of more than 8cm as inoculation object;
secondly, garden cleaning and disinfection treatment: disinfecting and cleaning the tree body with lime sulphur of 2-3 Baume degrees before sprouting in spring;
old mulberry trees which renew mulberry field blocks can be transplanted in a centralized way, and the mulberry fields are cleaned and disinfected according to the method;
preparing a small wooden plug: cutting 1cm or so of mildew-free mulberry branches into small wood plugs with the thickness of 0.5cm, which are slightly larger than the inoculation quantity on the same day;
step three: manual drilling and inoculation;
firstly, determining an inoculation part: selecting knots, bulges, thick old barks and withered parts of the mulberry trees close to the base parts as inoculation parts;
processing a drilling point: leveling the drilling points by using a grafting knife to enable the drilling points to be relatively flat, and facilitating sealing after inoculation;
drilling an inoculation hole: drilling holes with a portable electric drill, wherein the hole diameter is about 1cm, the depth of the hole directly penetrates into the xylem, the drilling angle and the vertical line form an acute angle, the holes are drilled from bottom to top, and the seeds are prevented from being soaked in rainwater;
inoculating: inoculating strains with the length of about 2cm to each hole;
sealing and shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
Step five: regularly checking the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains;
step six: harvesting; the bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius has slow growth, and fruiting bodies are unique from wild phellinus igniarius, and can be harvested after years.
Further, continuously purifying the front end of the mycelium for 2 times after the germination of the pure phellinus igniarius fungus to obtain pure strains, and performing propagation to prepare mother strains under the culture condition of 24-28 ℃.
Furthermore, the artificial drilling inoculation time should adopt the inoculation at the time when the average temperature is stable above 18 ℃ and the rainwater is more abundant, and generally the inoculation time is 5, 6 and 9 months, according to the local climate.
Furthermore, the angle of the inoculation hole is drilled manually, the hole is drilled from the bottom to the top at an elevation angle of thirty degrees, the seeds are prevented from being soaked by rain water, and the inoculation survival rate is ensured.
Furthermore, sealing and shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
Furthermore, when the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains is inspected regularly after inoculation, the use amount of autumn base fertilizer and spring top dressing fertilizer needs to be increased for the mulberry field, and if the drought year occurs, a sprinkling irrigation facility can be increased, so that the bactericide is sprayed to the inoculation part or the sporocarp in the growing period of hypha germination and sporocarp growth.
Compared with wild phellinus igniarius, the invention has the advantages that the occurrence probability of phellinus igniarius is obviously improved, the fruiting rate of phellinus igniarius can be up to 100 percent, the yield is obviously improved, and the shape and the components of the fruiting body are the same as those of the wild phellinus igniarius. Compared with artificial cultivation, the method solves the problems of low incidence rate of phellinus linteus primordium, complicated labor, no nutrient supply of culture material, no splitting of phellinus linteus in artificial cultivation, bad mushroom shape, low effective components and the like. The bionic phellinus igniarius production technology does not influence the production of the silkworm industry, and can additionally increase a remarkable income for silkworm farmers.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the selective inoculation of mulberry tree by the bionic cultivation technique of Phellinus linteus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the appearance structure of the drilled holes of the bionic cultivation technique of Phellinus linteus.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the selective inoculation of the bionic cultivation technique of Phellinus linteus.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius, which comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a phellinus igniarius strain for cutting off;
firstly, obtaining pure strain of phellinus igniarius and preparing mother strain, collecting wild phellinus igniarius when the phellinus igniarius is suitable for growing, obtaining tissue blocks from the growing points of the wild phellinus igniarius under the aseptic operation condition, and inoculating the tissue blocks on a PDA culture medium, wherein the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
② preparation of stock for planting phellinus igniarius, the stock formula is 83-88% of mulberry wood dust, 10-15% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, after sterilization and cold scarcity, the stock is inoculated under aseptic operation, the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
preparing a stock seed formula which comprises 88-93% of mulberry sawdust, 5-10% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, sterilizing, cooling, and inoculating the stock seed under aseptic operation, wherein the culture temperature is 24-28 ℃;
step two: a preparation stage before inoculation of bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius;
firstly, selecting an inoculation object: selecting mulberry with stem thickness of more than 8cm as inoculation object;
secondly, garden cleaning and disinfection treatment: disinfecting and cleaning the tree body with lime sulphur of 2-3 Baume degrees before sprouting in spring;
old mulberry trees which renew mulberry field blocks can be transplanted in a centralized way, and the mulberry fields are cleaned and disinfected according to the method;
preparing a small wooden plug: cutting 1cm or so of mildew-free mulberry branches into small wood plugs with the thickness of 0.5cm, which are slightly larger than the inoculation quantity on the same day;
step three: manual drilling and inoculation;
firstly, determining an inoculation part: selecting knots, bulges, old thick barks and withered parts of the mulberry trees close to the base parts as inoculation parts;
processing a drilling point: leveling the drilling points by using a grafting knife to enable the drilling points to be relatively flat, and facilitating sealing after inoculation;
drilling an inoculation hole: drilling holes with a portable electric drill, wherein the hole diameter is about 1cm, the depth of the hole directly penetrates into the xylem, the drilling angle and the vertical line form an acute angle, the holes are drilled from bottom to top, and the seeds are prevented from being soaked in rainwater;
inoculating: inoculating strains with the length of about 2cm to each hole;
sealing and shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
Step five: regularly checking the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains;
step six: harvesting; the bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius has slow growth, and fruiting bodies are unique from wild phellinus igniarius, and can be harvested after years.
Continuously purifying the front end of mycelium for 2 times after the germination of the Phellinus igniarius pure bacteria to obtain pure strains, and performing propagation to prepare mother strains under the culture condition of 24-28 ℃.
The artificial drilling inoculation time should adopt the inoculation at the time when the average temperature is stable above 18 ℃ and the rainwater is more abundant, generally within 5, 6 and 9 months, according to the local climate.
The angle of the inoculation hole is drilled by manual drilling, the hole is drilled at an elevation angle of thirty degrees from bottom to top, the seeds are prevented from being rotten by rain water, and the inoculation survival rate is ensured.
The sealing and sun shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
When the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains is inspected regularly after inoculation, the use amount of autumn base fertilizer and spring top dressing fertilizer needs to be increased aiming at a mulberry field, and if drought years occur, sprinkling irrigation facilities can be increased, so that the bactericide is not sprayed to the inoculation part or the sporocarp in the growth period of hypha germination and the sporocarp growth period.
In the preparation process, drilling holes at the position with convenient manual operation at the middle-lower section of a trunk part of a mature mulberry tree with the diameter of 8CM from bottom to top at an elevation angle of thirty degrees; the depth of the hole reaches the quality part of the tree. The prepared strain is plugged into the drill hole, the mulberry twig plug is used for sealing, and then the mulberry twig plug is sealed with adhesive tape to prevent rain and insects.
In order to avoid excessive sunlight from irradiating the drilled holes, a sunshade net is arranged above the main part of the mulberry at the upper part of the inoculation hole for shading, and a certain moisturizing effect is achieved.
Meanwhile, the strain inoculation part is preferably at the scab part, the thick bark part or the tumor-shaped bulge part, so that nutrition can be provided for the permanent planting and the growth of the strain.

Claims (7)

1. A bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius is characterized in that:
comprises the following steps;
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a phellinus igniarius strain for cutting off;
acquiring pure strain of phellinus igniarius and preparing mother strain, collecting wild phellinus igniarius when the phellinus igniarius is suitable for growing, acquiring tissue blocks from the growing points of the wild phellinus igniarius under aseptic operation conditions, inoculating the tissue blocks on a PDA culture medium, and culturing in an incubator at 24-28 ℃;
② preparation of stock for planting phellinus igniarius, the stock formula is 83-88% of mulberry wood dust, 10-15% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, after sterilization and cold scarcity, the stock is inoculated under the aseptic operation, the culture condition is 24-28 ℃;
preparing a stock seed formula which comprises 88-93% of mulberry sawdust, 5-10% of bran, 1% of light calcium carbonate, 1% of sugar and 62-65% of water content, inoculating the stock seed under aseptic operation after sterilization and cold shortage, wherein the culture condition is 24-28 ℃;
step two: a preparation stage before inoculation of bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius;
firstly, selecting an inoculation object: selecting mulberry with stem thickness of more than 8cm as inoculation object;
secondly, garden cleaning and disinfection treatment: disinfecting and cleaning the tree body with lime sulphur of 2-3 Baume degrees before sprouting in spring;
old mulberry trees which renew mulberry field blocks can be transplanted in a centralized way, and the mulberry fields are cleaned and disinfected according to the method;
preparing a small wooden plug: cutting 1cm or so of mildew-free mulberry branches into small wood plugs with the thickness of 0.5cm, wherein the number of the small wood plugs is slightly larger than the number of inoculation holes on the same day;
step three: manual drilling and inoculation;
firstly, determining an inoculation part: selecting knots, bulges, old and thick barks and withered parts of the mulberry trees close to the base parts as inoculation parts;
processing a drilling point: leveling the drilling points by using a grafting knife to enable the drilling points to be relatively flat, and facilitating sealing after inoculation;
drilling an inoculation hole: drilling holes with a portable electric drill, wherein the hole diameter is about 1cm, the depth of the hole directly penetrates into the xylem, the drilling angle and the vertical line form an acute angle, the holes are drilled from bottom to top, and the seeds are prevented from being soaked in rainwater;
inoculating: inoculating strains with the length of about 2cm to each hole;
sealing and shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
2. Step five: regularly checking the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains;
step six: harvesting; the bionic cultivation of phellinus igniarius has slow growth, and fruiting bodies are unique from wild phellinus igniarius, and can be harvested after years.
3. The bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: continuously purifying the front end of mycelium for 2 times after the germination of the Phellinus igniarius pure bacteria to obtain pure strains, and performing propagation to prepare mother strains under the culture condition of 24-28 ℃.
4. The bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the artificial drilling inoculation time should adopt the inoculation at the time when the average temperature is stable above 18 ℃ and the rainwater is more abundant, generally within 5, 6 and 9 months, according to the local climate.
5. The bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the angle of the inoculation hole is drilled by manual drilling, the hole is drilled at an elevation angle of thirty degrees from bottom to top, the seeds are prevented from being rotten by rain water, and the inoculation survival rate is ensured.
6. The bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: sealing and shading: sealing with small wooden plug, and sticking adhesive tape to prevent water and insect; and a small sunshade net is used for shading the upper surface of the inoculation part, preventing high temperature and strong light, reducing the temperature, preserving the moisture and prolonging the suitable growth period.
7. The bionic cultivation technique of phellinus igniarius according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the field planting condition of phellinus igniarius strains is inspected regularly after inoculation, the use amount of autumn base fertilizer and spring top dressing fertilizer needs to be increased aiming at a mulberry field, and if drought years occur, sprinkling irrigation facilities can be increased, so that the bactericide is not sprayed to the inoculation part or the sporocarp in the growth period of hypha germination and the sporocarp growth period.
CN202011161951.9A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Bionic cultivation technology of phellinus igniarius Pending CN112205238A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000236745A (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-09-05 Shigeo Magara Cultivation of phellinus linteus
CN103493685A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-08 贵州省施秉县民生天麻科技有限公司 Method for cultivating phellinus igniarius by using wild living tree stumps
CN103598010A (en) * 2013-11-12 2014-02-26 淳安县微生物研究所 Original ecological imitative wild cultivation method for inonotus sanghuang
CN105027974A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-11-11 四川晟旦生物科技有限公司 Large-scale artificial cultivation method for phellinus igniarius
CN105724049A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-07-06 浙江省农业科学院 Mulberry parasitical phellinus strain wild environment returning rejuvenation culture method
CN108450231A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-08-28 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所 A kind of bionical border expanding propagation method of wild Phellinus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000236745A (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-09-05 Shigeo Magara Cultivation of phellinus linteus
CN103493685A (en) * 2013-10-14 2014-01-08 贵州省施秉县民生天麻科技有限公司 Method for cultivating phellinus igniarius by using wild living tree stumps
CN103598010A (en) * 2013-11-12 2014-02-26 淳安县微生物研究所 Original ecological imitative wild cultivation method for inonotus sanghuang
CN105027974A (en) * 2015-07-22 2015-11-11 四川晟旦生物科技有限公司 Large-scale artificial cultivation method for phellinus igniarius
CN105724049A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-07-06 浙江省农业科学院 Mulberry parasitical phellinus strain wild environment returning rejuvenation culture method
CN108450231A (en) * 2018-03-16 2018-08-28 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所 A kind of bionical border expanding propagation method of wild Phellinus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
杨久根 等: "栎树栽培桑黄试验报告" *

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Application publication date: 20210112