CN107548991B - A kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs - Google Patents

A kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs Download PDF

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CN107548991B
CN107548991B CN201710901009.3A CN201710901009A CN107548991B CN 107548991 B CN107548991 B CN 107548991B CN 201710901009 A CN201710901009 A CN 201710901009A CN 107548991 B CN107548991 B CN 107548991B
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test tube
tube bulbs
lily
vernalization
bulbs
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CN107548991A (en
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方少忠
张洁
陈诗林
蔡宣梅
郭文杰
杨成龙
郑大江
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Institute of Biotechnology of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of inoculation methods of lily test tube bulbs comprising test tube bulbs temperature light interaction vernalization and the transplanting of second stage the test tube bulbs plantation of first stage.In the first phase, present invention employs unique low temperature and long-day interaction vernalization method promotes the completion of vernalization to improve the maturity of test tube bulbs, and it is low to solve the problems, such as that bolting rate easily occurs in current test tube bulbs later period due to vernalization is incomplete;In second stage, the Biological characteristics of present invention combination lily bilayer root system, to promote the root growth and nutrient absorption of test tube bulbs, solve the problems, such as that existing test tube bulbs root system is weak, easy to be dead using specific matrix layered mode.Therefore, the present invention be directed to a kind of new technical methods that the difficult point occurred in current test tube bulbs vernalization transplanting provides, simple and practical, easily operated, can get a large amount of good lily bulbs.

Description

A kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of flower planting, and in particular to a kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs.
Background technique
Lily (Lilium Spp.) it is perennial herb bulbous plant, there is the good reputation of " king of flowering bulb ", lily cuts Flower has very high economic value, and wherein bulb accounts for 60% or more of cut-flower cost.Currently, China's lily ball relies primarily on import, Every year will be more than 200,000,000 remainder of imported from Holland, and the production domesticization of bulb research is relatively slowly, is still in the exploratory stage.
Test tube bulbs are one of breeding practices of lily ball, can play the role of detoxification, expand numerous and conservation.Currently, Lily test tube bulbs are mainly used for parent species preservation, and less as seed ball large-scale production, thus for the test tube bulbs in later period The researchs such as vernalization, transplanting are still shallow, are concentrated mainly on tissue induction, expand and exogenous hormone and chemical treatment are to test tube transplantation of seedlings The influence taken root completes vernalization process also primarily directed to low temperature or in conjunction with chemicals treatment in its Dormancy breaking.
Lily test tube bulbs dark culture is conducive to expanding for bulb, can be moved after reaching certain specification refrigeration vernalization It plants, but under the conditions of conventional dark culture, test tube bulbs moisture content is excessively high, and the storage of the dry matters energy such as starch is less, and maturity is low, Though after refrigeration can breaking dormancy, the later period often occurs only taking out scaly leaf the phenomenon that non-bolter, and bolting is to obtain high-quality lily The premise of bulb.In addition, the problem that the generally existing root system of test tube transplantation of seedlings is weak.Based on the above issues, the present invention is by using only Special low temperature and long-day interaction vernalization method, promotes the accumulation of test tube bulbs dry matter energy while breaking dormancy, Maturity is improved, the completion of vernalization is promoted;Meanwhile by combining the Biological characteristics of lily bilayer root system to use specific matrix Layered mode, root growth and nutrient absorption after promoting test tube bulbs transplanting, solves the problems, such as test tube bulbs transplanting.Cause This, the light interaction vernalization of lily test tube bulbs temperature and transplanting implantation methods arrive industrialization on a small scale, obtain to test tube is completed to field High-quality lily bulb is significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs, this method can promote lily vernalization It completes, improves the bolting rate of lily test tube bulbs, and solve the problems, such as that test tube bulbs transplanting root system is weak, easy to be dead, effectively to obtain Obtain good lily bulb.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs comprising the warm light interaction vernalization of lily test tube bulbs and lily examination The two stages are planted in the transplanting of pipe bulb.
Wherein, the test tube bulbs are the small squamas of coming into being that induce it through tissue cultures using lily bud scale as explant Stem expands 3-5 months through dark culture again, obtains the pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of fresh weight >=1.5g.
The temperature light interaction vernalization treatment be by test tube bulbs dark culturing 90-120 days in 2 DEG C of freezers, break it It after suspend mode, then is placed in 25 DEG C of normal temperature environments and carries out long-day culture 60-70 days, to complete test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization;Institute The intensity of illumination for stating the long-day is 2000lux, and light application time is 14-17 hours/day.
The long-term dark culture of bottle seedling, test tube bulbs entire bodies white, moisture content is very high, by its transposition illumination cultivation room, 25 DEG C Room temperature carry out long-day culture, can promote bottle seedling turn green and pumping go out cotyledon carry out photosynthesis, thus make clove gradually after Ripe, scale quality is hardened, and moisture content is than reducing, and dry matter than improving, complete by test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization.
Transplanting plantation the following steps are included:
1) test tube bulbs after vernalization treatment are taken out out of bottle, the agar for being wrapped in bulb root is cleaned with clear water;
2) by cleaned bulb using box layering cultivate, i.e., by root downward, bulb tip upward in the way of, by bulb In forward direction embedment nutritive layer matrix, bulb is set not expose nutritive layer matrix, then Moisture conservation layer matrix on it;
3) matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, pours primary permeable, combines matrix sinking more preferably with clove;Moisturizing in 3-5 days Once, until bulb bolting.
The specification that step 2 cultivates frame case used is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, and shop fixtures is isolated with polybag in frame bottom portion, Two rows of scuppers, every row 3 are beaten on polybag, scupper aperture is 3-4cm;
The seeding row spacing that bulb discharges when cultivation is (4-5) × (7-8) cm.
Nutritive layer matrix described in step 2 with a thickness of 8 ~ 10cm, be to be matched by peat soil and perlite by weight 3:1 It closes and is made;It is described water conservation layer matrix with a thickness of 5cm, be made of shredded coconut meat.
The peculiar double-deck root knot structure of lily, base, which is taken root, to be responsible for absorbing nutrition positioned at bulb base portion, after stem-root is located at bolting Plant stem base portion, moisture content abundance Shi Caihui emerges radical bud in basal part of stem.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs provided by the invention includes the warm light interaction vernalization and transplanting of test tube bulbs Plant the two stages, wherein first stage uses unique low temperature and long-day interaction vernalization method, to improve test tube The maturity of bulb promotes the completion of vernalization, and solving current test tube bulbs, bolting rate easily occurs in the later period due to vernalization is incomplete Low problem;The Biological characteristics of second stage combination lily bilayer root system, using specific matrix layered mode, to promote Test tube bulbs root growth and nutrient absorption solve the problems, such as that existing test tube bulbs root system is weak, easy to be dead.
The present invention provides a kind of simple and practical, easy for the difficult point occurred during current test tube bulbs vernalization transplanting In the inoculation method of operation, a large amount of good lily bulbs are help to obtain, can be used for large-scale planting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the water retention property comparison diagram of different moisture retaining groundmass.
Specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention easily facilitate understanding, With reference to embodiment to of the present invention Technical solution is described further, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1:
1. test tube bulbs screening and processing
Oriental hybrid lily rope freshwater mussel kind is selected, primary ball girth diameter reaches 16cm or more, sterilized to be followed by using its scale as explant Kind is forwarded to again after nascent clove generates and expands in culture medium, dark culture is expanded 4 months in lily induced medium Afterwards, the standard bottle seedling for selecting the pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of its fresh weight >=1.5g to produce as transition.
2. bottle seedling refrigerates breaking dormancy
The bottle seedling selected is transferred to 2 DEG C of freezers, dark culturing 100 days or so, to breaking dormancy.
3. vernalization is completed in different sunshine processing
Continue dark culture, normal sunshine (not additional light filling) in b:25 DEG C of normal temperature environment, c:25 in a:25 DEG C of normal temperature environment Carrying out the long-day in DEG C normal temperature environment cultivates 14h/d, and d:25 DEG C of room temperature carries out long-day 17h/d, and e:25 DEG C of room temperature carries out long day According to 20h/d.It cultivates 60 days respectively, intensity of illumination 2000lux.Different sunshine processing are shown in Table bulb content and the influence of bolting rate 1。
4. bottle seedling is cleaned
Test tube bulbs Jing Guo low temperature vernalization are taken out out of bottle, are cleaned with clear water after being wrapped in the agar of clove root Transplanting plantation is carried out, cleaning process guarantees the integrality of root, and the agar in crack has to rinse completely, in order to avoid after occurring Phase rots.
5. box-type culture
Test tube bulbs use box-type culture, and frame case specification is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, and frame bottom portion is isolated with polybag Shop fixtures, two rows of scuppers, every row 3 are beaten on polybag, and scupper aperture is 3-4cm;Cultivation matrix is pure peat soil;It will cleaning Good small squama by stem root downward, tip upward in the way of forward direction be embedded to matrix, transplanting seeding row spacing is (4-5) × (7-8) cm, one Frame case about transplants 40 cloves;Matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, pours primary permeable, ties matrix sinking more preferably with clove It closes, moisturizing in 3 days is primary, until bulb bolting.
The different sunshine processing of table 1 influence bulb content and bolting rate
The result shows that sunshine processing promotees than dark processing, bolting effect is good, and the bolting of long-day processing 14h, 17h, 20h Rate is above 80%, but long-day processing 20h and 17h is little on bolting influence difference, therefore when long-day processing 14h-17h processing Between it is best.
Embodiment 2:
1. test tube bulbs screening and processing
Oriental hybrid lily Siberian varieties are selected, primary ball girth diameter reaches 16cm or more, sterilized using its scale as explant After be inoculated in lily induced medium, be forwarded to and expand in culture medium again after nascent clove generates, dark culture expands 4 After month, the standard bottle seedling that selects the pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of its fresh weight >=1.5g to produce as transition.
2. bottle seedling refrigerates breaking dormancy
The bottle seedling selected is transferred to 2 DEG C of freezers, dark culturing 100 days or so, to breaking dormancy.
3. the long-day completes after-ripening vernalization
Test tube bulbs are placed in 25 DEG C of normal temperature environments and carry out long-day (2000lux, 15 hours/day) culture 60 days, with Complete test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization;The intensity of illumination of the long-day is 2000lux, and light application time is 14-17 hours/day.
4. bottle seedling is cleaned
Test tube bulbs Jing Guo low temperature vernalization are taken out out of bottle, are cleaned with clear water after being wrapped in the agar of clove root Transplanting plantation is carried out, cleaning process guarantees the integrality of root, and the agar in crack has to rinse completely, in order to avoid after occurring Phase rots.
5. box-type culture
Test tube bulbs use box-type culture, and frame case specification is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, and frame bottom portion is isolated with polybag Shop fixtures, two rows of scuppers, every row 3 are beaten on polybag, and scupper aperture is 3-4cm;Cultivation matrix a: peat soil: perlite= 1:1, b: peat soil: perlite=2:1, c: peat soil: perlite=3:1, d: peat soil: perlite=4:1, e: peat soil: vermiculite =2:1, f: peat soil: vermiculite=3:1, g: peat soil: haydite=2:1, h: peat soil: haydite=3:1 puddles matrix in proportion;It will Cleaned clove by root downward, tip upward in the way of in the matrix puddled of forward direction embedment, transplant seeding row spacing as (4-5) × (7-8) cm, a frame case about transplant 40 cloves;Matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, pour it is primary permeable, make matrix sink with Clove more preferably combines, and moisturizing in 3 days is primary, until bulb bolting.The influence that different substrates cultivate bulb is shown in Table 2.
The influence that 2 different substrates of table cultivate bulb
The result shows that peat soil and perlite drain bulb, the life that base is taken root using the ratio mixing of 3:1 as matrix Length, plant absorption nutrition are the most advantageous, and bulb girth diameter is up to 7.8cm.
Embodiment 3:
1. test tube bulbs screening and processing
Oriental hybrid lily rope freshwater mussel kind is selected, primary ball girth diameter reaches 16cm or more, sterilized to be followed by using its scale as explant Kind is forwarded to again after nascent clove generates and expands in culture medium, dark culture is expanded 4 months in lily induced medium Afterwards, the standard bottle seedling for selecting the pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of its fresh weight >=1.5g to produce as transition.
2. bottle seedling refrigerates breaking dormancy
The bottle seedling selected is transferred to 2 DEG C of freezers, dark culturing 100 days or so, to breaking dormancy.
3. the long-day completes after-ripening vernalization
Test tube bulbs are placed in 25 DEG C of normal temperature environments and carry out long-day (2000lux, 15 hours/day) culture 60 days, with Complete test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization;The intensity of illumination of the long-day is 2000lux, and light application time is 14-17 hours/day.
4. bottle seedling is cleaned
Test tube bulbs Jing Guo low temperature vernalization are taken out out of bottle, are cleaned with clear water after being wrapped in the agar of clove root Transplanting plantation is carried out, cleaning process guarantees the integrality of root, and the agar in crack has to rinse completely, in order to avoid after occurring Phase rots.
5. box-type culture
Test tube bulbs use box-type culture, and frame case specification is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, and frame bottom portion is isolated with polybag Shop fixtures, two rows of scuppers, every row 3 are beaten on polybag, and scupper aperture is 3-4cm;Cultivation matrix is divided into lower layer's nutritive layer base Matter and upper layer moisture retaining groundmass;Nutritive layer matrix is to puddle peat soil and perlite with the ratio of 3:1, with a thickness of 10cm;It protects Water layer matrix a: peat soil, b: China fir sawdust, c: pine wood sawdust, d: shredded coconut meat (filamentary fibers of cocoanut shell), with a thickness of 5cm; By cleaned clove by root downward, tip upward in the way of forward direction embedment nutritive layer matrix in, guarantee bulb do not expose base Matter, then Moisture conservation layer matrix on it, transplanting seeding row spacing are (4-5) × (7-8) cm, and a frame case about transplants 40 small squamas Stem;Matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, pours primary permeable, combines matrix sinking more preferably with clove, moisturizing in 3 days is primary.It is different The physicochemical property of moisture retaining groundmass is relatively shown in Table 3, and water retention property, which compares, sees Fig. 1.
The comparison of 3 four kinds of moisture retaining groundmass physicochemical properties of table
Seen from table 3, the bulk density of shredded coconut meat is minimum in different moisture retaining groundmass, illustrates that it is most light, and its PH tends to neutral, total hole Porosity, water-gas ratio and maximum water-holding capacity highest, water retention property is preferably also in storage, therefore using shredded coconut meat as water conservation layer base Matter is best.
Embodiment 4:
1. test tube bulbs screening and processing
Oriental hybrid lily rope freshwater mussel, two, Siberia kind are selected, primary ball girth diameter reaches 16cm or more, using its scale as explant Body is inoculated in lily induced medium after sterilized, is forwarded to and is expanded in culture medium again after nascent clove generates, dark to train It supports after expanding 4 months, the standard bottle seedling for selecting the pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of its fresh weight >=1.5g to produce as transition.
2. bottle seedling refrigerates breaking dormancy
The bottle seedling selected is transferred to 2 DEG C of freezers, dark culturing 100 days or so, to breaking dormancy.
3. the long-day completes after-ripening vernalization
Test tube bulbs are placed in 25 DEG C of normal temperature environments and carry out long-day (2000lux, 15 hours/day) culture 60 days, with Complete test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization;The intensity of illumination of the long-day is 2000lux, and light application time is 14-17 hours/day.
4. bottle seedling is cleaned
Test tube bulbs Jing Guo low temperature vernalization are taken out out of bottle, are cleaned with clear water after being wrapped in the agar of clove root Transplanting plantation is carried out, cleaning process guarantees the integrality of root, and the agar in crack has to rinse completely, in order to avoid after occurring Phase rots.
5. box layering cultivation
Test tube bulbs are cultivated using box layering, and frame case specification is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, frame bottom portion polybag Shop fixtures is isolated, two rows of scuppers, every row 3 are beaten on polybag, scupper aperture is 3-4cm;Cultivation matrix is divided into lower layer's nutrition Layer matrix and upper layer moisture retaining groundmass, nutritive layer matrix are to puddle peat soil and perlite with the ratio of 3:1, with a thickness of 10cm, water conservation layer matrix is shredded coconut meat (filamentary fibers of cocoanut shell), with a thickness of 5cm;By cleaned clove press root downward, In the mode forward direction embedment nutritive layer matrix of tip upward, guarantee that bulb does not expose matrix, then Moisture conservation layer matrix on it, Transplanting seeding row spacing is (4-5) × (7-8) cm, and a frame case about transplants 40 cloves;Matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, is poured primary It is permeable, combine matrix sinking more preferably with clove, moisturizing in 3 days is primary, until bulb bolting.Different cultivation matrixes are to cultivation effect Influence be shown in Table 5,6 respectively.
Influence of the different cultivation matrixes of table 5 to rope freshwater mussel test tube bulbs cultivation effect
Influence of the different cultivation matrixes of table 6 to Siberia test tube bulbs cultivation effect
The experimental results showed that low temperature and long-day promote vernalization to complete and combine layering substrate culture, different cultivars can be made The bolting rate of lily improves 97% or more, and the average all diameters of bulb improve 71% or more.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with Modification, is all covered by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs, it is characterised in that: the warm light interaction vernalization including lily test tube bulbs, and The two stages are planted in the transplanting of lily test tube bulbs;
The temperature light interaction vernalization be by test tube bulbs dark culturing 90-120 days in 2 DEG C of freezers, after making its breaking dormancy, then Long-day culture 60-70 days in 25 DEG C of normal temperature environments are placed in, to complete test tube bulbs after-ripening and vernalization;
The intensity of illumination of the long-day is 2000lux, and light application time is 14-17 hours/day.
2. the inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the test tube bulbs are with lily Scale is explant, and the nascent clove that it is induced through tissue cultures is expanded 3-5 months through dark culture again, obtain fresh weight >= The pollution-free healthy bottle seedling of 1.5g.
3. the inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transplanting plantation includes following Step:
1) test tube bulbs after vernalization treatment are taken out out of bottle, the agar for being wrapped in bulb root is cleaned with clear water;
2) by cleaned bulb using box layering cultivate, i.e., by root downward, bulb tip upward in the way of, by bulb forward direction It is embedded in nutritive layer matrix, so that bulb is not exposed nutritive layer matrix, then Moisture conservation layer matrix on it;
3) matrix is flattened after the completion of transplanting, pours primary permeable, combines matrix sinking more preferably with clove;Moisturizing in 3-5 days is primary, To bulb bolting.
4. the inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step 2 cultivates frame case used Specification is 50cm × 30cm × 17cm, and shop fixtures is isolated with polybag in frame bottom portion, beats two rows scuppers on polybag, every row 3, Scupper aperture is 3-4cm;
The seeding row spacing that bulb discharges when cultivation is (4-5) × (7-8) cm.
5. the inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: nutritive layer matrix described in step 2 With a thickness of 8 ~ 10cm, be to be made from peat soil and perlite by weight with 3:1;
It is described water conservation layer matrix with a thickness of 5cm, be made of shredded coconut meat.
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CN102771391A (en) * 2012-07-17 2012-11-14 安徽霍山鹏飞现代农业科技有限公司 Forcing culture technique of virus-free lily by industrial tissue culture and low-temperature bulb treatment
CN104160805A (en) * 2014-09-02 2014-11-26 连云港西诺花卉种业有限公司 Germination accelerating and rooting method for lily bulbs
CN106035086A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-10-26 张万萍 Detoxification tissue culture and rapid propagation method of lily

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1460410A (en) * 2003-06-04 2003-12-10 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Induction muthod of externally-introduced lily Casa Balanca test tube bulb
CN1188029C (en) * 2003-06-04 2005-02-09 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Induction muthod of externally-introduced lily Casa Balanca test tube bulb
CN101238794A (en) * 2008-03-07 2008-08-13 贵阳医学院 Crotalaria sessiliflora test tube bulb inducement method
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