CN112189533A - Matrix for planting watermelons and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Matrix for planting watermelons and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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Abstract
The invention provides a substrate for watermelon planting and a preparation method thereof, wherein the substrate for watermelon planting comprises the following raw material components: modified wood fiber, calcite powder, fucoidin, expanded perlite, olive extract, locust bean gum, jute fiber, cottonseed hull powder, medical stone, turf and organic leavening. The raw materials are as follows by weight: 20-30 parts of modified wood fiber, 8-10 parts of jute fiber, 10-20 parts of calcite powder, 15-18 parts of fucoidin, 8-10 parts of expanded perlite, 8-10 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 5-6 parts of medical stone, 7-9 parts of grass peat, 3-5 parts of organic leavening, 1-2 parts of olive extract and 1-1.5 parts of locust bean gum. The matrix for planting the watermelons has low matrix breakage rate in the transplanting process; moreover, the watermelon seedlings cultivated by the medium have few days for seedling recovery and high transplanting survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of watermelon planting, and particularly relates to a matrix for watermelon planting and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The substrate for planting the watermelon is a solid substrate (medium) for fixing the root system of the plant. The watermelon cultivation method by absorbing nutrient solution and oxygen by a matrix is mainly used for seedling planting, which is called seedling cultivation for short. The types of the substrates are various, and common inorganic substrates comprise vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sand, polyurethane and the like; the organic matrix comprises peat, rice husk charcoal, bark, etc.
CN201610751368.0 seedling substrate and hold device of this seedling substrate relate to a seedling substrate for plant, seedling substrate includes according to the part by volume: 4-6 parts of coconut coir, 2-3 parts of organic fertilizer, 1-2 parts of sand and 1-3 parts of vermiculite. Pure coconut chaff contains abundant potassium and magnesium ions, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is about 80:1, a nitrogen source required by plant growth is lacked, and nitrogen and other elements required by plants are required to be additionally added, so that a certain volume of organic fertilizer particles are added to make up for the defect. The pure coconut coir has slightly low volume weight, so that the volume weight of the seedling substrate can be adjusted by sand and vermiculite, and meanwhile, the vermiculite can provide certain cation exchange capacity and water and fertilizer retention capacity. On the basis, the invention also provides a device for containing the seedling culture substrate.
CN 201810796779.0A seedling substrate for increasing watermelon yield and a preparation method thereof, discloses a seedling substrate for increasing watermelon yield and a preparation method thereof, and a preparation system comprises: the device comprises a material selecting module, a fermentation module, an aging module and a mixing module. According to the invention, 15-25 parts of perlite and 15-25 parts of vermiculite are added into the special seedling raising substrate for watermelon, so that the porosity and the water retention performance of the special seedling raising substrate for watermelon are improved, the water-gas ratio is more effectively adjusted, the preparation method is simple, agricultural wastes are recycled, and the cost is low; meanwhile, the watermelon seedling culture substrate provided by the invention adopts the residual mushroom residues, eucalyptus wood chips and mulberry wood chips in agricultural product processing as the main raw materials of the culture substrate, so that the problem of treatment of organic solid waste materials is solved, the watermelon seedling culture substrate is more environment-friendly, and the survival rate of watermelon seedlings cultured by using the watermelon seedling culture substrate provided by the invention is high.
CN201610790863.2 discloses a method for breeding watermelons by using a plug seedling substrate, which comprises the steps of placing watermelon seeds in an environment with the temperature of 8-10 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 6-8 hours, soaking the seeds in a seed soaking solution for 20-30 min, and uniformly scattering the soaked seeds in the plug seedling substrate; the seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of chitosan, 3-5 parts of gibberellin, 30-40 parts of magnetized water, 3-5 parts of carbendazim, 1-2 parts of tea saponin, 4-6 parts of alanine, 8-10 parts of seaweed micro powder, 4-6 parts of pepper seeds and 3-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate. The plug seedling substrate has comprehensive and balanced and coordinated nutrient components, so that the watermelon can be fully and coordinately supplied with nutrients during the whole growth period, the growth of the watermelon is effectively promoted, the good quality of the watermelon is ensured, the yield of the watermelon can be increased efficiently, and the disease resistance of the watermelon is improved.
CN 201610044694.8A watermelon seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof, discloses a preparation method of a watermelon seedling substrate, comprising the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing straw, rice hull, wood dust, biogas residue, mushroom residue and wine residue to obtain a fermentation substrate; (2) adding a fermentation microbial inoculum into a fermentation substrate, laminating, and performing compost fermentation to obtain a compost fermentation product, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is a mixed strain of yeast, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus; (3) and mixing the compost fermentation product with perlite and vermiculite to obtain the watermelon seedling culture substrate. The method has the advantages of improving the looseness and the water retention performance of the special watermelon matrix, more effectively adjusting the water-air ratio, along with simple preparation method, cyclic utilization of agricultural wastes, low cost, more robust cultured watermelon seedlings, good quality of the watermelon seedlings, remarkable improvement of the total dry weight of the watermelon seedlings, remarkable improvement of the root system density and the like.
The existing matrix for planting the watermelon generally has the problems of too high or too low porosity, namely too fast water evaporation loss or insufficient air permeability. Resulting in the limited growth of melon seedlings. Some seedling culture matrixes are moderate in porosity, but the matrixes are difficult to form in the seedling culture process, or the matrixes are easy to loosen after forming, so that the matrixes drop and lose in the transplanting process of the melon seedlings, and the transplanting survival rate is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a substrate for watermelon planting and a preparation method thereof, and the following aims are achieved: the porosity of the substrate is scientific and moderate, and the substrate is suitable for watermelon seedling culture; in addition, the matrix is not easy to loosen after being formed in the plug tray, the matrix breaking rate is low in the transplanting process of the melon seedlings, and the transplanting survival rate of the melon seedlings is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-30 parts of modified wood fiber, 8-10 parts of jute fiber, 10-20 parts of calcite powder, 15-18 parts of fucoidin, 8-10 parts of expanded perlite, 8-10 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 5-6 parts of medical stone, 7-9 parts of turf, 3-5 parts of organic leavening, 1-2 parts of olive extract and 1-1.5 parts of locust bean gum;
the modified wood fiber: mixing bark, straw and hay according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, crushing the obtained mixed fiber to 1-3mm in length, then spraying water until the water content is 18-20%, and stirring at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 1-2 hours; then the mixed fiber is led into the pressure of 68 kilopascals and is treated for 40-60min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified wood fiber.
The jute fiber: the length is 1-3mm, and the water content is lower than 8%;
the cottonseed shell powder: fineness of 40-50 mesh, water content below 8%, ash content 5.5%, pH of 8, and density of 0.6-0.7g/cm3；
The medical stone comprises the following components: the grain diameter is 2-4 mm.
The organic fermentation product comprises: mixing duck manure, chitin, enteromorpha polysaccharide and microbial powder according to the ratio of 20: 5: 1: 1, adding water with the mass being three times that of the solid material, fully stirring, and fermenting for 2 months at normal temperature after uniformly stirring; preparing the organic fermentation product. The adopted microbial powder contains 4 multiplied by 106cfu/g of saprophytic actinomycetes, 5 multiplied by 107cfu/g of microzyme and 2.5 multiplied by 108cfu/g of bacillus licheniformis.
1, the olive extract: the oleuropein content is 80% and the water content is less than 7%.
The specific manufacturing method of the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following steps:
1) mixing jute fiber, calcite powder, expanded perlite, cottonseed hull powder and medical stone to obtain a mixture, adding equal mass of liquid medicine into the mixture, stirring uniformly, heating to 60-70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6h, cooling to room temperature, and drying until the water content is 8-9% to obtain a mixture A. The liquid medicine comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii, folium Mori, radix Puerariae and flos Chrysanthemi Indici at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2:3, adding water, boiling with slow fire for 8h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove solids, and making into medicinal liquid.
2) Mixing the mixture A with modified wood fiber, fucoidin, grass carbon, organic fermentation product and olive extract, and stirring at 800rpm for 2-3h to obtain mixture B.
3) Uniformly scattering locust bean gum into the mixture B while stirring at a low speed of 100 rpm; obtaining the matrix for planting the watermelon.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the matrix for planting the watermelons has a matrix breakage rate of only 0-1.5% in the transplanting process; is obviously superior to the common seedling substrate purchased in the market. Moreover, the number of days for recovering the watermelon seedlings cultivated by the medium is only 2-3 days, and the transplanting survival rate is more than 99%.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1 watermelon planting substrate and manufacturing method thereof
The matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20 parts of modified wood fiber, 10 parts of jute fiber, 20 parts of calcite powder, 15 parts of fucoidin, 8 parts of expanded perlite, 10 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 5 parts of medical stone, 7 parts of turf, 3 parts of organic leavening, 2 parts of olive extract and 1.5 parts of locust bean gum;
the modified wood fiber: mixing bark, straw and hay according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, crushing the obtained mixed fiber to 1-3mm in length, then spraying water until the water content is 18-20%, and stirring at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 1-2 hours; then the mixed fiber is led into the pressure of 68 kilopascals and is treated for 40-60min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified wood fiber.
The jute fiber: the length is 1-3mm, and the water content is lower than 8%;
the cottonseed shell powder: fineness of 40-50 mesh, water content below 8%, ash content 5.5%, pH of 8, and density of 0.6-0.7g/cm3；
The medical stone comprises the following components: the grain diameter is 2-4 mm.
The organic fermentation product comprises: mixing duck manure, chitin, enteromorpha polysaccharide and microbial powder according to the ratio of 20: 5: 1: 1, adding water with the mass being three times that of the solid material, fully stirring, and fermenting for 2 months at normal temperature after uniformly stirring; preparing the organic fermentation product. The adopted microbial powder contains 4 multiplied by 106cfu/g of saprophytic actinomycetes, 5 multiplied by 107cfu/g of microzyme and 2.5 multiplied by 108cfu/g of bacillus licheniformis.
2, the olive extract: the oleuropein content is 80% and the water content is less than 7%.
The specific manufacturing method of the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following steps:
1) mixing jute fiber, calcite powder, expanded perlite, cottonseed hull powder and medical stone to obtain a mixture, adding liquid medicine with equal mass into the mixture, uniformly stirring, heating to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and drying until the water content is 8% to obtain a mixture A. The liquid medicine comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii, folium Mori, radix Puerariae and flos Chrysanthemi Indici at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2:3, adding water, boiling with slow fire for 8h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove solids, and making into medicinal liquid.
2) Mixing the mixture A with modified wood fiber, fucoidin, grass carbon, organic fermentation product and olive extract, and stirring at 800rpm for 2-3h to obtain mixture B.
3) Uniformly scattering locust bean gum into the mixture B while stirring at a low speed of 100 rpm; obtaining the matrix for planting the watermelon.
Example 2 watermelon planting substrate and preparation method thereof
The matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of modified wood fiber, 8 parts of jute fiber, 10 parts of calcite powder, 18 parts of fucoidin, 10 parts of expanded perlite, 8 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 6 parts of medical stone, 9 parts of turf, 5 parts of organic leavening, 1 part of olive extract and 1 part of locust bean gum;
the modified wood fiber: mixing bark, straw and hay according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, crushing the obtained mixed fiber to 1-3mm in length, then spraying water until the water content is 18-20%, and stirring at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 1-2 hours; then the mixed fiber is led into the pressure of 68 kilopascals and is treated for 40-60min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified wood fiber.
The jute fiber: the length is 1-3mm, and the water content is lower than 8%;
the cottonseed shell powder: fineness of 40-50 mesh, water content below 8%, ash content 5.5%, pH of 8, and density of 0.6-0.7g/cm3；
The medical stone comprises the following components: the grain diameter is 2-4 mm.
The organic fermentation product comprises: mixing duck manure, chitin, enteromorpha polysaccharide and microbial powder according to the ratio of 20: 5: 1: 1, adding water with the mass being three times that of the solid material, fully stirring, and fermenting for 2 months at normal temperature after uniformly stirring; preparing the organic fermentation product. The adopted microbial powder contains 4 multiplied by 106cfu/g of saprophytic actinomycetes, 5 multiplied by 107cfu/g of microzyme and 2.5 multiplied by 108cfu/g of bacillus licheniformis.
3, the olive extract: the oleuropein content is 80% and the water content is less than 7%.
The specific manufacturing method of the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following steps:
1) mixing jute fiber, calcite powder, expanded perlite, cottonseed hull powder and medical stone to obtain a mixture, adding liquid medicine with equal mass into the mixture, uniformly stirring, heating to 60 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours, cooling to room temperature, and drying until the water content is 9% to obtain a mixture A. The liquid medicine comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii, folium Mori, radix Puerariae and flos Chrysanthemi Indici at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2:3, adding water, boiling with slow fire for 8h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove solids, and making into medicinal liquid.
2) Mixing the mixture A with modified wood fiber, fucoidin, grass carbon, organic fermentation product and olive extract, and stirring at 800rpm for 2-3h to obtain mixture B.
3) Uniformly scattering locust bean gum into the mixture B while stirring at a low speed of 100 rpm; obtaining the matrix for planting the watermelon.
Example 3 watermelon planting substrate and preparation method thereof
The matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of modified wood fiber, 9 parts of jute fiber, 15 parts of calcite powder, 16 parts of fucoidin, 9 parts of expanded perlite, 9 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 5.6 parts of medical stone, 8 parts of turf, 4 parts of organic leavening, 1.5 parts of olive extract and 1.2 parts of locust bean gum;
the modified wood fiber: mixing bark, straw and hay according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, crushing the obtained mixed fiber to 1-3mm in length, then spraying water until the water content is 18-20%, and stirring at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 1-2 hours; then the mixed fiber is led into the pressure of 68 kilopascals and is treated for 40-60min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified wood fiber.
The jute fiber: the length is 1-3mm, and the water content is lower than 8%;
the cottonseed shell powder: fineness of 40-50 mesh, water content below 8%, ash content 5.5%, pH of 8, and density of 0.6-0.7g/cm3；
The medical stone comprises the following components: the grain diameter is 2-4 mm.
The organic fermentation product comprises: mixing duck manure, chitin, enteromorpha polysaccharide and microbial powder according to the ratio of 20: 5: 1: 1, adding water with the mass being three times that of the solid material, fully stirring, and fermenting for 2 months at normal temperature after uniformly stirring; preparing the organic fermentation product. The adopted microbial powder contains 4 multiplied by 106cfu/g of saprophytic actinomycetes, 5 multiplied by 107cfu/g of microzyme and 2.5 multiplied by 108cfu/g of bacillus licheniformis.
4, the olive extract: the oleuropein content is 80% and the water content is less than 7%.
The specific manufacturing method of the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following steps:
1) mixing jute fiber, calcite powder, expanded perlite, cottonseed hull powder and medical stone to obtain a mixture, adding equal mass of liquid medicine into the mixture, stirring uniformly, heating to 60-70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6h, cooling to room temperature, and drying until the water content is 8% to obtain a mixture A. The liquid medicine comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii, folium Mori, radix Puerariae and flos Chrysanthemi Indici at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2:3, adding water, boiling with slow fire for 8h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove solids, and making into medicinal liquid.
2) Mixing the mixture A with modified wood fiber, fucoidin, grass carbon, organic fermentation product and olive extract, and stirring at 800rpm for 2h to obtain a mixture B.
3) Uniformly scattering locust bean gum into the mixture B while stirring at a low speed of 100 rpm; obtaining the matrix for planting the watermelon.
The air permeability and water retention performance of the watermelon planting matrix prepared by the technical scheme of the embodiment 1-3 are detected as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Total porosity% | 70.5％ | 71.5％ | 71.0％ |
| Porosity of water holding capacity% | 52.88％ | 53.55％ | 53.25％ |
| Porosity of air flow% | 17.62％ | 17.95％ | 17.75％ |
As can be seen from the above table, the total porosity of the matrix of the present invention is 70.5-71.5%, the water-holding porosity is 52.88-53.55%, and the air-passing porosity is 17.62-17.95%.
The substrate for planting the watermelons in the embodiments 1 to 3 and a common watermelon seedling substrate purchased in the market are adopted to carry out plug seedling of the watermelons (the watermelon variety is sweet), and when the watermelon seedlings grow to four-leaf one-heart seedlings, the seedlings are transplanted; counting the crushing condition of the matrix in the transplanting process, and specifically referring to table 2;
TABLE 2
Note: the damaged quantity of the matrix is that in the process of transplanting the seedling plants, the matrix drops a part within 30s after being separated from the plug tray, and meanwhile, the volume of the dropped matrix is less than the quantity of the seedling plants of one third of the total volume of the matrix;
the crushing quantity of the matrix is the quantity of the seedlings with the matrix dropping volume being more than one third of the total volume of the matrix within 30s after the matrix is separated from the plug tray in the seedling transplanting process;
matrix breakage rate: the crushed quantity of the matrix is multiplied by 100 percent/the quantity of the transplanted seedling plants;
statistics shows that the matrix breaking rate of the matrix for watermelon planting is only 0-1.5% in the transplanting process. Is obviously superior to the common seedling substrate purchased in the market. Moreover, the number of days for recovering the watermelon seedlings cultivated by the medium is only 2-3 days, and the transplanting survival rate is more than 99%. The materials and microorganisms adopted by the invention are all from the market; the percentages are percentages by mass and the proportions are mass ratios, unless otherwise specified.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The matrix for planting the watermelons is characterized by comprising the following components: the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw material components: modified wood fiber, calcite powder, fucoidin, expanded perlite, olive extract and locust bean gum.
2. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 1, wherein: the matrix for planting the watermelon also comprises the following raw material components: jute fiber, cottonseed hull powder, medical stone, turf and organic fermentation product.
3. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 1, wherein: the modified wood fiber: mixing bark, straw and hay according to a mass ratio of 1:5:2, crushing the obtained mixed fiber to 1-3mm in length, then spraying water until the water content is 18-20%, and stirring at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 1-2 hours; then the mixed fiber is led into the pressure of 68 kilopascals and is treated for 40-60min at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified wood fiber.
4. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 1, wherein: the olive extract comprises: the oleuropein content is 80% and the water content is less than 7%.
5. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 2, wherein: the organic fermentation product comprises: mixing duck manure, chitin, enteromorpha polysaccharide and microbial powder according to the ratio of 20: 5: 1: 1, adding water with the mass being three times that of the solid material, fully stirring, and fermenting for 2 months at normal temperature after uniformly stirring; preparing the organic fermentation product.
6. The medium for planting watermelons according to claim 5, wherein: the microbial powder contains 4 multiplied by 106cfu/g of saprophytic actinomycetes, 5 multiplied by 107cfu/g of microzyme and 2.5 multiplied by 108cfu/g of bacillus licheniformis.
7. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 2, wherein: the jute fiber: the length is 1-3mm, and the water content is lower than 8%;
the above-mentionedCottonseed shell powder: fineness of 40-50 mesh, water content below 8%, ash content 5.5%, pH of 8, and density of 0.6-0.7g/cm3；
The medical stone comprises the following components: the grain diameter is 2-4 mm.
8. The substrate for planting watermelons according to claim 2, wherein: the matrix for planting the watermelons comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of modified wood fiber, 8-10 parts of jute fiber, 10-20 parts of calcite powder, 15-18 parts of fucoidin, 8-10 parts of expanded perlite, 8-10 parts of cottonseed hull powder, 5-6 parts of medical stone, 7-9 parts of grass peat, 3-5 parts of organic leavening, 1-2 parts of olive extract and 1-1.5 parts of locust bean gum.
9. The method for manufacturing a watermelon planting substrate according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing jute fiber, calcite powder, expanded perlite, cottonseed hull powder and medical stone to obtain a mixture, adding equal mass of liquid medicine into the mixture, stirring uniformly, heating to 60-70 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6h, cooling to room temperature, and drying until the water content is 8-9%.
10. The method for manufacturing a watermelon planting substrate according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the liquid medicine comprises the following steps: mixing herba Dendrobii, folium Mori, radix Puerariae and flos Chrysanthemi Indici at a mass ratio of 0.5:7:2:3, adding water, boiling with slow fire for 8h, cooling to room temperature, filtering to remove solids, and making into medicinal liquid.
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| CN (1) | CN112189533A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103787732A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-05-14 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Watermelon plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446916A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special matrix for watermelon seedling culture |
| CN105684847A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling cultivation substrate special for watermelons and preparation method thereof |
| CN105693381A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling culture medium of watermelon seedlings as well as preparation method and application of seedling culture medium |
| CN108358715A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-03 | 熊同罡 | A kind of chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof containing fiber |
| CN111357612A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-03 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Composite microbial matrix for watermelon planting and preparation method and application thereof |
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2020
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103787732A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-05-14 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Watermelon plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446916A (en) * | 2014-11-16 | 2015-03-25 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Special matrix for watermelon seedling culture |
| CN105684847A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling cultivation substrate special for watermelons and preparation method thereof |
| CN105693381A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling culture medium of watermelon seedlings as well as preparation method and application of seedling culture medium |
| CN108358715A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-08-03 | 熊同罡 | A kind of chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof containing fiber |
| CN111357612A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-03 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Composite microbial matrix for watermelon planting and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210108 |