CN112167491A - 一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品酵素领域，具体涉及一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法。产品配方由五谷原料、药食同源原料和复配辅料三部分构成：五谷原料包含中燕麦，荞麦，小米，大豆几种的混合物；药食同源原料为金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮、四种的混合物。本发明在原料预处理后加入植物乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌进行静态发酵5‑7天，离心收集上清，沉淀采用沸水回流进行二次提取，将发酵清液和水提清液合并后浓缩至1/2体积，并向其中加入复配配方原料，搅拌溶解后依次加入澄清剂、防腐剂，灌装巴氏杀菌即得产品。本发明减少了药物的毒副作用、强化了降血糖的功能，提高了发酵效率，提高了机体免疫力、后熟复配配方调整风味，改善口感，形成一种具有降血糖功效并且口感优良的酵素饮料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品发酵技术领域，具体涉及一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法。
背景技术
生物体体内的新陈代谢由酵素促进并表现出种种生命活动。酵素是人体内新陈代谢的催化剂，具有调整体内环境、杀菌消炎、平衡血糖血脂、净化血液、活化细胞的作用，只有酵素存在，人体内才能进行各项生化反应。随着年龄的增长，人体内的酵素含量降低，身体代谢速率下降，呈现老化的趋势。人类的疾病，大多数均与酵素缺乏或合成障碍有关。补充酵素可以改善人的免疫机能，使体内各项指标处于均衡状态。
燕麦、大米。大豆作为粮食作物不仅能提供能量，还有很好的食疗效果。燕麦作为一种传统作物，具有高蛋白低碳水化合物的特点，燕麦中富含可溶性纤维和不溶性纤维，能大量吸收人体内的胆固醇并排出体外，对于降血压，降胆固醇，防治大肠癌和心脏病等。大米能够健脾益气，因此对于脾虚泄泻、消化不良、水泻或稀便的人，如果适当的食用大米，都能够通过调理脾胃而起到增强消化能力的作用。第二个功效是能够和胃除烦，因此对于食欲较差、积食消化不良的人，如果适当的食用大米，都能够促进食欲的增加，增进消化功能。黄豆中的卵磷脂可以清除附在血管壁上的胆固醇，防止血管硬化，从而起到预防心血管疾病，保护心脏的作用。它还具有防止肝脏内积存过多脂肪的作用，能够有效地防止因肥胖而引起的脂肪肝。黄豆中的大豆异黄酮是非常珍贵的活性物质，它对人体激素的分泌、蛋白质的合成都有着巨大的作用。它能够改善很多心脑血管疾病和乳腺癌、前列腺癌等病症，是一种难得的天然抗癌剂。
金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮具有很高的经济和药用价值。金银花具有降低血脂的功效：能降低胆固醇的含量，适合高血脂人群饮用。保护肠胃：能促进肠胃蠕动，还可有效的防止胃溃疡发病。提高免疫：提高身体免疫能力，抑制病毒、病毒对身体侵害。白术具有健脾益气、调节胃肠运动的功效。可以促进空肠平滑肌收缩运动，同时对盲肠的自律性收缩活动有显著的抑制作用。白术对免疫系统的作用主要是抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化。甘草具有补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药之功效。常用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。陈皮所含挥发油，对胃肠道有温和的刺激作用，可促进消化液的分泌，排除肠管内积气，显示了芳香健胃和驱风下气的效用。陈皮中的果胶对高脂饮食引起的动脉硬化也有一定的预防作用。
现有的药食同源发酵饮品的制作方法多是自然发酵，通过生物体的自动调节方式来完成的，耗时长，代谢产物单一，而且容易产生杂菌。随着科技的创新和研究的开展，具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的生产工艺和制备方法的调整和改进将更加有利于对其进行深入研究。
发明内容
为了解决上述的技术问题，本发明提供了一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法。
本发明所提供的缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的原料主要包括具有缓解肠炎功效的原料和复合微生物。
本发明的主要原料由五谷原料、药食同源原料和复配辅料三部分构成；五谷原料包含中燕麦，荞麦，小米，大豆中的一种或几种的混合物，其中优选燕麦、小米、大豆为5:3:2；药食同源原料为金银花、白术、砂仁、甘草、陈皮、山药中的四种及四种以上的混合物，其中优选为金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮、12:9:3:3。经验证，这些谷物和药食同源的原料配合制得的发酵饮品与单一原料相比，缓解肠炎效果更佳。
复合微生物为植物乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌的混合物，接种量均为3%。
本发明的另一个目的是提出具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，技术方案是这样实现的：
步骤1、原料预处理。五谷原料和药食同源原料按总质量1:1比例充分混合均匀，采用超微粉碎机粉碎15-30分钟，使其平均达到1500目以上。向超微破碎粉中加入9倍体积蒸馏水，调节pH至5.0-5.5，再分别加入0.1%酸性纤维素酶、0.1%酸性果胶酶，50-55℃搅拌酶解2-3小时，得酶解液。
步骤2、在步骤1所酶解液料中接种3%植物乳杆菌、3%鼠李糖乳杆菌，混合均匀后37℃静置发酵5-7天，以pH和还原糖均不再下降视为发酵结束，得到发酵液。
步骤3、步骤2得到的发酵液经板框过滤分离清液和残渣，其中残渣加入9倍体积蒸馏水，沸水搅拌提取2小时，再经板框过滤得清液，与发酵清液合并，然后采用70℃真空浓缩至1/2体积，得到浓缩液。
步骤4、向步骤3得到的浓缩液中加入复配配方原料，包含谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、异麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇及木糖醇中的三种及三种以上的混合物，其中优选的谷氨酰胺40g/L、精氨酸35g/L、异麦芽糖20g/L、赤藓糖醇20g/L，得到复配液。
步骤5、向步骤4得到的复配液中加入101果汁澄清剂、山梨酸钾0.05%，搅拌2小时后板框过滤，灌装后经85℃15分钟巴氏杀菌，即得产品。
本发明的有益效果在于，与现有技术相比，本发明融入的新的工艺技术，优点在于：
1、药食同源的原料。肠炎的并发症多，治疗肠炎药品毒副作用大。本发明以五谷原料和药食同源原料为主要原料，包括金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮在内的多种具有缓解肠炎的中药食物精华配制而成，不仅是具有很好的缓解肠炎功效，而且营养丰富、全面，各种原料相互配合，相互促进，以食为药，以食代药，既是富有营养的食品，又可以养身保健、防病治病。对改善改善体制、防治肠胃性疾病也有一定的作用。
2、原料预处理。五谷原料和药食同源原料按总质量1:1比例充分混合均匀，采用超微粉碎机粉碎15-30分钟，使其平均达到1500目以上。向超微破碎粉中加入9倍体积蒸馏水，调节pH至5.0-5.5，再分别加入0.1%酸性纤维素酶、0.1%酸性果胶酶，50-55℃搅拌酶解2-3小时，得酶解液，促使大分子物质分解为易被人体吸收利用的小分子物质的同时，强化原料的缓解肠炎的功能。
3、复合菌种。（1）鼠李糖乳杆菌：鼠李糖乳杆菌能够耐受动物消化道环境，在人和动物肠道内定植，起到调节肠道菌群、排除毒素及提高机体免疫力等功效。（2）植物乳杆菌：有一定的免疫调节作用；对致病菌有抑制作用；降低血清胆固醇含量和预防心血管疾病；维持肠道内菌群平衡；促进营养物质吸收；缓解乳糖不耐症；抑制肿瘤细胞的形成。
4、复配配方。发酵后的酵素饮品口感酸涩，通过添加异麦芽糖、赤藓糖醇、101果汁澄清剂、山梨酸钾0.05%等调整风味，改善口感，形成一种具有缓解肠炎功效并且口感优良的酵素饮品。
附图说明
图1：各组体重变化
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明，以便本领域的技术人员更了解本发明，但并不因此限制本发明。
实施例1
取新鲜燕麦、小米、大豆、金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮洗净去杂，进行超微破碎，所得物料经复合酶解处理后，巴氏灭菌进行巴氏杀菌。
总物料100g，五谷原料和药食同源原料按总质量1:1比例充分混合均匀，燕麦、小米、大豆为5:3:2，金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮、12:9:3:3。
向超微破碎粉中加入9倍体积蒸馏水，调节pH至5.0-5.5，再分别加入0.1%酸性纤维素酶、0.1%酸性果胶酶，50-55℃搅拌酶解2-3小时，得酶解液。
酶解液经85℃15分钟巴氏灭菌后，接种3%植物乳杆菌、3%鼠李糖乳杆菌，混合均匀后37℃静置发酵5-7天，以pH和还原糖均不再下降视为发酵结束，得到发酵液。
发酵液经板框过滤分离清液和残渣，其中残渣加入9倍体积蒸馏水，沸水搅拌提取2小时，再经板框过滤得清液，与发酵清液合并，然后采用70℃真空浓缩至1/2体积，得到浓缩液。
向浓缩液中加入复配配方原料，包含谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、异麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇及木糖醇中的三种及三种以上的混合物，其中优选的谷氨酰胺40g/L、精氨酸35g/L、异麦芽糖20g/L、赤藓糖醇20g/L，得到复配液。
复配液中加入101果汁澄清剂、山梨酸钾0.05%，搅拌2小时后板框过滤，灌装后经85℃15分钟巴氏杀菌，得产品。
实施例1中的海藻酵素的降血糖动物实验如下：
实验对象：选择30只22g左右昆明种小白鼠，分为五组，分别为空白组，建模组，酵素组，建模方法为在饮用水家添加2.5%的DSS，周期为七天。剂量选择：低剂量组0.5×10-3克、中剂量组1.2×10-3克、高剂量组2×10-3克，空白组灌自来水。
从以上表格中的数据可以看出，建模组与空白组相比，体重显著性降低，肠炎模型建立成功，灌胃酵素组与建模组相比，体重状况得到明显的改善，说明此药食同源发酵产品能缓解由DSS造成的肠炎小鼠的疾病进程。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
产品配方由五谷原料、药食同源原料和复配辅料三部分构成，首先将五谷原料和药食同源原料进行超微破碎，所得物料经复合酶解处理后巴氏灭菌，并接种植物乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌，静态发酵5-7天。离心收集上清，沉淀采用沸水回流进行二次提取，将发酵清液和水提清液合并后浓缩至1/2体积，并向其中加入复配配方原料，搅拌溶解后依次加入澄清剂、防腐剂，灌装巴氏杀菌即得产品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，五谷原料包含中燕麦，荞麦，小米，大豆中的一种或几种的混合物，其中优选燕麦、小米、大豆为5:3:2；药食同源原料为金银花、白术、砂仁、甘草、陈皮、山药中的四种及四种以上的混合物，其中优选为金银花、白术、甘草、陈皮、12:9:3:3。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，五谷原料和药食同源原料按总质量1:1比例充分混合均匀，采用超微粉碎机粉碎15-30分钟，使其平均达到1500目以上；。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，向超微破碎粉中加入9倍体积蒸馏水，调节pH至5.0-5.5，再分别加入0.1%酸性纤维素酶、0.1%酸性果胶酶，50-55℃搅拌酶解2-3小时，得酶解液。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，酶解液经85℃15分钟巴氏灭菌后，接种3%植物乳杆菌、3%鼠李糖乳杆菌，混合均匀后37℃静置发酵5-7天，以pH和还原糖均不再下降视为发酵结束。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，发酵液经板框过滤分离清液和残渣，其中残渣加入9倍体积蒸馏水，沸水搅拌提取2小时，再经板框过滤得清液，与发酵清液合并，然后采用70℃真空浓缩至1/2体积。。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，向浓缩液中加入复配配方原料，包含谷氨酰胺、精氨酸、异麦芽糖醇、赤藓糖醇及木糖醇中的三种及三种以上的混合物，其中优选的谷氨酰胺40g/L、精氨酸35g/L、异麦芽糖20g/L、赤藓糖醇20g/L。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种具有缓解肠炎作用的药食同源发酵饮品的制备方法，其特征在于，向复配液中加入101果汁澄清剂、山梨酸钾0.05%，搅拌2小时后板框过滤，灌装后经85℃15分钟巴氏杀菌。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114176217A (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-15 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 以药食同源为核心的益生菌发酵功能制品及制备方法 |
| CN115119915A (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 南方医科大学南方医院 | 一种改善炎症性肠病炎症程度的发酵果蔬汁及其复合发酵菌 |
| CN116268378A (zh) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-23 | 重庆万源佳药业有限公司 | 一种药食同源材料的酶解方法及其应用 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114176217A (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-15 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 以药食同源为核心的益生菌发酵功能制品及制备方法 |
| CN115119915A (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-30 | 南方医科大学南方医院 | 一种改善炎症性肠病炎症程度的发酵果蔬汁及其复合发酵菌 |
| CN115119915B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-04-25 | 南方医科大学南方医院 | 一种发酵果蔬汁 |
| CN116268378A (zh) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-23 | 重庆万源佳药业有限公司 | 一种药食同源材料的酶解方法及其应用 |
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