CN112159823A - Self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and process - Google Patents
Self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment technology and a process thereof for organic solid waste, the technology adopts organic solid waste to cooperate with anaerobic fermentation, biogas generated after fermentation is purified and then used by a subsequent incineration system, and the rest fermentation slag (containing fermentation liquid) is incinerated after being mixed with a certain amount of auxiliary materials. The materials are fully fermented before being burnt, macromolecular combustible components in the materials are converted into micromolecular fuels, the utilization efficiency of the energy conversion process is improved, part of generated marsh gas can cover the fuel consumption required by the system, and the other part of marsh gas is used for generating the power consumption of the coverable system, so that the self-balance of the system energy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an organic solid waste treatment technology, in particular to a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment technology and a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment process for organic solid waste.
Background
With the advance of urbanization construction and the improvement of the living standard of people, the production amount of municipal sludge and organic solid waste in various levels of cities and counties is increased year by year. According to the data of the national organic solid waste treatment and resource utilization workshop in 2019, 17.82 hundred million tons of municipal sludge and residues after the organic solid waste is recycled are still left, at present, most of landfill and compost treatment technologies adopted not only occupy valuable landfill space, but also cause potential safety hazards in a landfill due to the natural fermentation phenomenon of the sludge and the organic solid waste, so that organic matters are wasted, the environment is seriously polluted, and the technological, standardized and resource level of the organic waste treatment process is urgently needed to be improved.
At present, municipal sludge and organic solid waste are treated by adopting a single composting or single incineration mode basically in China, so that the cooperative ultimate treatment of the municipal sludge and the organic solid waste cannot be realized, and a large financial burden is brought to local governments. According to the treatment application conditions of municipal sludge and organic solid waste worldwide, the incineration method is still the best choice for completely carrying out harmless treatment, and particularly under the background of the current new crown epidemic situation, the incineration method is undoubtedly the mainstream treatment process in a long period of time in the future. However, the simple incineration process requires a large amount of fuel, and thus has problems of high running cost, incomplete incineration (high discount rate), and the like. Therefore, the self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment technology can finally realize the cooperative reduction, harmlessness and recycling of municipal sludge and organic solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process, which are characterized by mainly comprising an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; constructing an energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system by adopting the systems, wherein the fermentation incineration treatment system is used for treating organic solid waste and municipal sludge;
after the organic solid waste is pretreated and separated, large-impurity solid waste and crude oil are sent into an incineration system, and small-particle-size solid waste and municipal sludge are mixed and then sent into an anaerobic fermentation system;
the fermentation product biogas of the anaerobic fermentation system is sent into a gas power generation system, and the fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquid) are sent into an incineration system;
the gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating the pretreated organic solid waste and the fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system.
The technology adopts organic solid waste in cooperation with anaerobic fermentation, biogas generated after fermentation is purified and then is used by a subsequent incineration system, and the residual fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) are subjected to incineration treatment after being mixed with a certain amount of auxiliary materials. The materials are fully fermented before being burnt, macromolecular combustible components in the materials are converted into micromolecular fuels, the utilization efficiency of the energy conversion process is improved, part of generated marsh gas can cover the fuel consumption required by the system, and the other part of marsh gas is used for generating the power consumption of the coverable system, so that the self-balance of the system energy is realized.
Further, the organic solid waste comprises kitchen waste, vegetable field waste, garden waste, industrial solid waste and medical waste;
the pretreatment separation is to carry out screening pretreatment, the granularity of the large miscellaneous solid waste is more than 100mm, and the large miscellaneous solid waste is sent into an incineration system after being crushed; the granularity of the small-granularity solid waste is less than or equal to 100mm, the small-granularity solid waste is crushed, stirred, mixed and homogenized, the granularity is less than 50mm after treatment, and then the small-granularity solid waste is sent into an anaerobic fermentation system.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the organic solid waste to the municipal sludge is (1-2) to 2.
Further, after three-phase separation of a fermentation product of the anaerobic fermentation system, biogas is sent to a gas power generation system, and fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquid) are sent to an incineration system.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of treating waste for auxiliary combustion; and mixing the waste for auxiliary combustion, the large miscellaneous solid waste, the crude oil and the yeast residue (containing the yeast liquid) and then feeding the mixture into an incineration system.
Further, the waste for auxiliary combustion is: crop straws, livestock and poultry manure, biomass such as livestock and poultry died of diseases, coal slime coal, waste nailed blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, non-ferrous slag, fly ash, waste gypsum, waste paper, waste cloth and waste glass.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the residual fermentation slag (containing the fermentation liquid) and auxiliary materials is (4-10) to (0.5-1).
Further, the incineration system adopts a self-propagating incineration reactor, an incinerator, a rotary kiln, a fluidized bed or a sintering machine for incineration treatment.
Furthermore, the residue obtained by burning through the burning system can be used as garden fertilizer base materials.
Further, the waste water generated by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system is discharged after being purified;
and the flue gas generated by the incineration system is purified and then discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the method can treat solid waste with the water content of 90 percent at most.
2. The method converts macromolecular combustible components in the materials into micromolecular fuels, improves the utilization efficiency of the energy conversion process, and realizes the self-balance of system energy.
3. The method can realize the cooperative reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the organic solid wastes.
4. The method has the advantages of short digestion time, high methane production, high solid waste volume reduction rate and low system investment and operation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
A self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process thereof are characterized in that the technology mainly comprises an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; the energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system is constructed by adopting the systems and is used for treating organic solid wastes (kitchen wastes, vegetable field wastes, garden wastes, industrial solid wastes and medical wastes), municipal sludge and wastes for auxiliary combustion (biomass such as crop straws, livestock and poultry wastes and livestock and poultry died of diseases, coal slime coal, waste nailed blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, non-ferrous metal slag, fly ash, waste gypsum, waste paper, waste cloth materials and waste glass);
the organic solid waste is pretreated and separated, namely screened and pretreated, and is divided into large impurity solid waste (the granularity is larger than 100mm), crude oil and small granularity solid waste (the granularity is smaller than or equal to 100 mm).
Crushing, stirring, mixing and homogenizing small-granularity solid waste, mixing the small-granularity solid waste with municipal sludge to obtain a mixture with granularity less than 50mm, and feeding the mixture into an anaerobic fermentation system; the mixing mass ratio of the organic solid waste (the treated small-granularity solid waste) to the municipal sludge is (1-2) to 2.
After three-phase separation is carried out on a fermentation product of the anaerobic fermentation system, biogas of the fermentation product is sent to a gas power generation system and an incineration system (for the consumption of required fuel), and fermentation residue (containing fermentation liquor) of the fermentation product is sent to the incineration system;
the gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating large solid wastes (with the granularity of 0.5-20 mm after being crushed), crude oil and fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system. The mixing mass ratio of the residual fermentation residue (containing the fermentation liquid) to the auxiliary materials is (4-10) to (0.5-1). The incineration system adopts a self-propagating incineration reactor, an incinerator, a rotary kiln, a fluidized bed or a sintering machine to carry out incineration treatment.
The residue obtained by burning through the burning system can be used as garden fertilizer base stock (the volume and the weight are greatly reduced, and the garden fertilizer can also be directly buried). The waste water generated by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system is purified and then discharged; and the flue gas generated by the incineration system is purified and then discharged.
Example 1:
a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process thereof are characterized in that the technology mainly comprises an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; the energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system is constructed by adopting the systems and is used for treating kitchen waste (organic solid waste), crop straws (waste for auxiliary combustion, namely biomass) and municipal sludge;
the kitchen waste is pretreated (screened) and divided into large-impurity solid waste (granularity is larger than 100mm), crude oil and small-granularity solid waste (granularity is smaller than or equal to 100 mm).
Crushing, stirring, mixing and homogenizing small-particle-size solid waste by using a CSJ type coarse crusher, wherein the particle size range of the treated solid waste is 0.5-20 mm, and mixing the treated solid waste with municipal sludge and then feeding the mixture into an anaerobic fermentation system; the mixing mass ratio of the kitchen waste to the municipal sludge is 2:2, and the fermented fermentation liquid is subjected to three-phase separation to remove a part of water to obtain residual fermentation residue (containing the fermentation liquid).
After three-phase separation of fermentation products of the anaerobic fermentation system, a part of biogas is purified and then is used by a subsequent incineration system, a part of biogas can be sent to a gas power generation system, and yeast residue (containing a fermentation liquid) is sent to the incineration system.
The gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating large solid wastes (with the granularity of 0.5-20 mm after being crushed), crude oil and fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system. The mixing mass ratio of the kitchen waste (containing crushed large-particle-size solid waste and crude oil), the residual fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquid) and the straws is 4:8: 1. The incineration system adopts a self-propagating incineration reactor for incineration treatment, the self-propagating incineration reactor is produced by environmental protection technology Limited company Jida in Chongqing, and residues obtained after incineration are directly buried.
Through determination, the kitchen waste, the municipal sludge and the straws are synergistically reduced, harmless and recycled, and the system energy reaches self balance.
Example 2:
a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process thereof are characterized in that the technology mainly comprises an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; the energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system is constructed by adopting the systems and is used for treating the garbage (organic solid waste) in the vegetable field, the crop straw (waste for auxiliary combustion, namely biomass) and the municipal sludge;
the vegetable field garbage is pretreated (screened) and divided into large impurity solid waste (the grain size is larger than 100mm after rolling), crude oil and small grain size solid waste (the grain size is smaller than or equal to 100mm after rolling).
Crushing, stirring, mixing and homogenizing small-particle-size solid waste by using a CSJ type coarse crusher, wherein the particle size range of the treated solid waste is 0.5-20 mm, and mixing the treated solid waste with municipal sludge and then feeding the mixture into an anaerobic fermentation system; mixing the vegetable yard garbage and the municipal sludge according to the mass ratio of 2:2, and removing a part of water from the fermented fermentation liquid through three-phase separation to obtain residual fermentation residues (containing the fermentation liquid).
After three-phase separation of fermentation products of the anaerobic fermentation system, a part of biogas is purified and then is used by a subsequent incineration system, a part of biogas can be sent to a gas power generation system, and yeast residue (containing a fermentation liquid) is sent to the incineration system.
The gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating large solid wastes (with the granularity of 0.5-20 mm after being crushed), crude oil and fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system. The mixing mass ratio of the kitchen waste (containing crushed large-particle-size solid waste and crude oil), the residual fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquid) and the straws is 2:4: 1. The incineration system adopts a gas rotary kiln for incineration treatment, the gas rotary kiln is produced from ZiBoshengyuan kiln engineering Co., Ltd, and residues obtained after incineration are directly buried.
Through determination, the vegetable field garbage, municipal sludge and crop straw are synergistically reduced, harmlessly treated and recycled, and the system energy reaches self balance.
Example 3:
a self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process thereof are characterized in that the technology mainly comprises an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; the energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system is constructed by adopting the systems and is used for treating garden garbage (organic solid waste), furnace slag (waste for auxiliary combustion) and municipal sludge;
the garden garbage is pretreated (screened) and divided into large-impurity solid waste (the particle size is larger than 100mm after rolling), crude oil and small-particle size solid waste (the particle size is smaller than or equal to 100mm after rolling).
Crushing, stirring, mixing and homogenizing small-particle-size solid waste by using a CSJ type coarse crusher, wherein the particle size range of the treated solid waste is 0.5-20 mm, and mixing the treated solid waste with municipal sludge and then feeding the mixture into an anaerobic fermentation system; mixing the garden garbage and the municipal sludge according to the mass ratio of 1.5:2, and removing a part of water from the fermented fermentation liquid through three-phase separation to obtain residual fermentation residues (containing the fermentation liquid).
After three-phase separation of fermentation products of the anaerobic fermentation system, a part of biogas is purified and then is used by a subsequent incineration system, a part of biogas can be sent to a gas power generation system, and yeast residue (containing a fermentation liquid) is sent to the incineration system.
The gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating large solid wastes (with the granularity of 0.5-20 mm after being crushed), crude oil and fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system. The mixing mass ratio of the kitchen waste (containing crushed large-particle-size solid waste and crude oil), the residual fermentation slag (containing fermentation liquid) and the furnace slag is 3: 8:1. The incineration system adopts a self-propagating incineration reactor for incineration treatment, the self-propagating incineration reactor is produced by Jida environmental protection science and technology limited company in Chongqing, and residues obtained after incineration are used as garden fertilizer base materials.
Through determination, garden garbage, municipal sludge and blast furnace slag are synergistically reduced, harmlessly treated and recycled, and system energy reaches self balance.
Table 1 municipal sludge composition table used in examples 1 to 3
TABLE 2 chemical composition of blast furnace slag used in example 3 TABLE (% by weight)
Evaluation of technical Properties
The self-balancing fermentation incineration technology and process are integrated processes provided under the condition of technical accumulation for many years and market verification in two monomer markets of anaerobic digestion and solid waste incineration. Through integration and optimization, compared with the traditional anaerobic digestion or incineration technology, the process has the characteristics of short digestion time, high methane production amount, high solid waste volume reduction rate, low system investment and operation cost and the like.
TABLE 3 economic comparison of organic solid waste treatment technologies at home and abroad
As shown in table 3, compared with the domestic and foreign organic solid waste treatment technology, the self-balancing fermentation incineration technology and process have the remarkable advantages of loose feed size of the treated organic solid waste, low fly ash production, unlimited organic solid waste treatment capacity, small occupied area, unlimited site selection condition, low daily investment cost, low production cost, stable working condition operation and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment organic solid waste technology and a process thereof are characterized by mainly comprising an anaerobic fermentation system, a gas power generation system and an incineration system; constructing an energy self-balancing fermentation incineration treatment system by adopting the systems, wherein the fermentation incineration treatment system is used for treating organic solid waste and municipal sludge;
after the organic solid waste is pretreated and separated, large-impurity solid waste and crude oil are sent into an incineration system, and small-particle-size solid waste and municipal sludge are mixed and then sent into an anaerobic fermentation system;
the biogas of the fermentation product of the anaerobic fermentation system is sent into a gas power generation system and an incineration system, and the fermentation residue (containing fermentation liquid) of the fermentation product is sent into the incineration system;
the gas power generation system generates power by using methane, and the generated electric energy is used by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system;
the incineration system is used for incinerating the pretreated organic solid waste and the fermentation residues (containing fermentation liquor) generated by the anaerobic fermentation system.
2. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic solid waste comprises kitchen waste, vegetable field waste, garden waste, industrial solid waste and medical waste;
the pretreatment separation is to carry out screening pretreatment, the granularity of the screened large miscellaneous solid waste is larger than 100mm, and the large miscellaneous solid waste is sent into an incineration system after being crushed to enable the granularity to be smaller than 50 mm; the granularity of the small-granularity solid waste is less than or equal to 100mm, the small-granularity solid waste is crushed, stirred, mixed and homogenized, the granularity is less than 50mm after treatment, and then the small-granularity solid waste is sent into an anaerobic fermentation system.
3. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mixing mass ratio of the organic solid waste to the municipal sludge is (1-2) to 2.
4. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: after three-phase separation, the fermentation product of the anaerobic fermentation system is sent to a gas power generation system, and the fermentation residue (containing fermentation liquid) is sent to an incineration system.
5. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that:
also comprises treating the waste for auxiliary combustion;
and mixing the waste for auxiliary combustion, the large miscellaneous solid waste, the crude oil and the yeast residue (containing the yeast liquid) and then feeding the mixture into an incineration system.
6. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process of claim 5, characterized in that: the waste for auxiliary combustion is as follows: biomass such as crop straws, livestock and poultry manure, livestock and poultry died of diseases and the like, or coal slime coal, waste rubber nail blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, non-ferrous slag, fly ash, waste gypsum, waste paper, waste cloth and waste glass.
7. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process of claim 5, characterized in that: the mixing mass ratio of the residual yeast slag (containing the yeast liquid) and the waste for auxiliary combustion is (4-10) to (0.5-1).
8. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the incineration system adopts a self-propagating incineration reactor, an incinerator, a rotary kiln, a fluidized bed or a sintering machine to carry out incineration treatment.
9. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the residue obtained by burning through the burning system is directly buried or used as garden fertilizer base material.
10. The self-balancing fermentation incineration organic solid waste treatment technology and process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste water generated by the anaerobic fermentation system and the incineration system is purified and then discharged;
and the flue gas generated by the incineration system is purified and then discharged.
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| CN115090658A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-23 | 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 | Method for treating kitchen waste, kitchen waste and domestic sludge by virtue of cooperation of cement kiln and drying |
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