CN108787705B - Urban domestic garbage treatment process - Google Patents

Urban domestic garbage treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108787705B
CN108787705B CN201810548705.5A CN201810548705A CN108787705B CN 108787705 B CN108787705 B CN 108787705B CN 201810548705 A CN201810548705 A CN 201810548705A CN 108787705 B CN108787705 B CN 108787705B
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garbage
belt conveyor
material obtained
domestic garbage
crusher
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CN108787705A (en
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韦泉
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LIUZHOU DONGHOU BIOLOGICAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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LIUZHOU DONGHOU BIOLOGICAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process method for treating municipal domestic waste, and relates to the technical field of waste treatment. The urban domestic garbage treatment process comprises the steps of coarse crushing, screening, multi-stage magnetic separation, multi-stage fine crushing, stirring by adding a stirrer, drying and forming, gasification to obtain combustible gas for power generation, odor deodorization and the like. The mixed domestic garbage produced every day or the aged mixed domestic garbage which is buried does not need to be classified and dehydrated, the domestic garbage treatment system directly carries out multiple screening, sorting and crushing, and composite fuel additives which are independently developed and developed are added, and then the mixture is pressed into composite fuel with the calorific value reaching 3500-4200 kilocalorie through a forming machine, so that the raw coal can be replaced, the purpose of converting the domestic garbage into environment-friendly new energy is realized, and no smoke dust, sewage and dioxin are discharged in the whole treatment process. Solves the problem that the domestic garbage and the stale garbage can not be completely harmlessly treated and finally recycled.

Description

Urban domestic garbage treatment process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a process method for treating urban domestic garbage.
Background
According to the statistics of the Chinese urban environmental health society in 2010, nearly 10 hundred million tons of garbage are generated in China every year, wherein the generation amount of household garbage is about 4 hundred million tons, the generation amount of construction garbage is about 5 hundred million tons, and in addition, about 1000 million tons of kitchen garbage exist, and the total amount of the garbage in China is several to two in the world. With the acceleration of the urbanization process of China and the improvement of the living standard of people, the urban domestic garbage is increased by about 5 to 8 percent every year. The stored rotten household garbage exceeds 80 hundred million tons, occupies more than 80 ten thousand acres, and the occupied land quantity continuously increases at the speed of 4.8 percent per year on average. The refuse city is sounding a bell for the city in china. At present, the municipal solid waste treatment method in China mainly comprises three methods of waste landfill, composting and incineration. The three methods respectively have the defects of land occupation, easy pollution to underground water and soil and explosion hidden danger; affecting the quality of the compost product; generating toxic and harmful substances to cause secondary pollution and the like. The real 'harmless, resource and reduction' treatment of the domestic garbage is urgent.
At present, some processes for recycling domestic garbage, for example, the chinese patent of invention "a garbage disposal process" with patent No. 201610273616.5 and publication No. CN 105689370B, can only separate the domestic garbage into sandstone and waste plastics for recycling, and other non-recyclable parts of the domestic garbage such as food residue are not treated, and the elimination of odor is not involved. For example, in the innocent treatment process of domestic garbage in villages and small towns of the invention patent No. 201610164734.2 and the publication No. CN 105798049B, the process of burying, fermenting, decomposing and cooking nutrient soil is still required, and the defects of land occupation, easy pollution to underground water and soil and influence on the quality of the prepared nutrient soil still exist; for example, in the patent 201510952014.8 and the patent CN 105363765B entitled "a method for treating domestic waste", the steps of waste sorting are many, and some of the steps require manual sorting, which wastes time and labor and has a certain influence on the health of operators. Therefore, time and labor are still needed, complete harmless and resource ultimate treatment of the domestic garbage and the aged garbage can be realized, waste is changed into valuable, and the garbage treatment method solves the problems of environmental pollution, large land occupation, government financial burden increase and the like caused by the traditional municipal domestic garbage treatment modes such as sanitary landfill, garbage compost, garbage incineration power generation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a process for treating municipal solid waste, which can solve the problem that the municipal solid waste and stale waste can not be completely treated in a harmless and recycling way in a time-saving and labor-saving way.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the municipal solid waste treatment process method comprises the following steps:
(1) the household garbage is sent to a garbage piling site, and the garbage is directly thrown into a first crusher to be crushed;
(2) conveying the garbage material obtained in the step (1) to a drum screen for screening, and screening out soil, glass, broken stone and broken bricks;
(3) removing iron and button batteries from the screened garbage materials by using a strong magnetic iron remover, and then crushing the garbage materials in a second crusher;
(4) conveying the garbage material obtained in the step (3) to a stirrer, adding an additive, and fully stirring;
(5) sending the material obtained in the step (4) to a forming machine for forming to obtain the composite fuel;
(6) conveying the composite fuel obtained in the step (5) into a drying box for drying;
(7) directly conveying the dried materials to a gasification workshop for gasification;
(8) the combustible gas generated by gasification is purified and cooled and then is led to an internal combustion generator for power generation;
(9) the vapor generated in the drying process of the composite fuel is sent to the deodorization tower through the pumping device and is discharged after water curtain deodorization, and the sewage for deodorization treatment is discharged to the sewage treatment pool through a pipeline and is treated for recycling.
In the above technical solution, a more specific technical solution may also be: the first crusher in the step (1) is connected with the rotary screen in the step (2) through a belt conveyor, and the garbage material obtained in the step (1) enters the rotary screen through the belt conveyor; the other end of the drum sieve is connected with the strong magnetic iron remover in the step (3) through a belt conveyor, and the garbage material obtained in the step (2) enters the strong magnetic iron remover through the belt conveyor; the other end of the strong magnetic iron remover is connected with the second crusher in the step (3), and the garbage materials processed by the strong magnetic iron remover enter the second crusher through a belt conveyor; the other end of the second crusher is connected with the stirrer in the step (4), and the garbage material obtained in the step (3) enters the stirrer through a belt conveyor; the other end of the stirrer is connected with the forming machine in the step (5), and the garbage material obtained in the step (4) enters the forming machine through a belt conveyor; the other end of the forming machine is connected with the drying box in the step (6), and the garbage material obtained in the step (5) enters the drying box through a belt conveyor; and (3) connecting the other end of the drying box with the gasification workshop in the step (7), and feeding the garbage material obtained in the step (6) into the gasification workshop through a belt conveyor.
Further: the particle size of the crushed garbage in the step (1) is 4-8 cm.
Further: and (4) the particle size of the crushed garbage in the step (3) is not more than 0.5 cm.
Further: and (5) obtaining the shape and size of the composite fuel in the step (5) through the specification of a mould.
Further: and (4) the drying box in the step (6) is a directly-heated energy-saving drying box, and the moisture content of the dried composite fuel is 15-18%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the mixed domestic garbage produced every day or the aged mixed domestic garbage which is buried does not need to be classified and dehydrated, the domestic garbage treatment system directly carries out multiple screening, sorting and crushing, and composite fuel additives which are independently developed and developed are added, and then the mixture is pressed into composite fuel with the calorific value reaching 3500-4200 kilocalorie through a forming machine, so that the raw coal can be replaced, the purpose of converting the domestic garbage into environment-friendly new energy is realized, and no smoke dust, sewage and dioxin are discharged in the whole treatment process. The method realizes complete harmless and resource ultimate treatment of the domestic garbage and the aged garbage, changes waste into valuable, solves the problems of environmental pollution, occupation of a large amount of land, increase of government financial burden and the like caused by the traditional municipal domestic garbage treatment modes such as sanitary landfill, garbage composting, garbage incineration power generation and the like, realizes industrial operation of municipal domestic garbage treatment, generates huge social benefit and economic benefit, provides an optimized solution for 'big old and difficult' in the field of domestic garbage treatment, thoroughly removes the harm of the domestic garbage, thoroughly solves the problem of 'garbage enclosing city', and develops a new garbage resource method suitable for the situation of China.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a municipal solid waste treatment system used in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples:
a garbage piling yard 1, a garbage treatment factory 2, a gasification workshop 3, a deodorization tower 5 and a sewage treatment pool 6 are established. A first crusher 2.1, a rotary screen 2.2, a strong magnetic iron remover 2.3, a second crusher 2.4, a stirrer 2.5, a forming machine 2.6 and a drying box 2.7 are installed in a garbage disposal plant, the first crusher 2.1 is connected with the rotary screen 2.2 through a belt conveyor, the other end of the rotary screen 2.2 is connected with the strong magnetic iron remover 2.3 through the belt conveyor, the other end of the strong magnetic iron remover 2.3 is connected with the second crusher 2.4, the other end of the second crusher 2.4 is connected with the stirrer 2.5, the other end of the stirrer 2.5 is connected with the forming machine 2.6, the other end of the forming machine 2.6 is connected with the drying box 2.7, and the other end of the drying box 2.7 is connected with a gasification workshop 3. The piling yard is designed in a totally closed way, and a negative pressure air draft device is designed to send odor to the deodorization tower 5 for deodorization and then discharge.
The municipal solid waste treatment process method comprises the following steps:
(1) the household garbage is sent to a garbage piling site 1, and then is thrown into a first crusher 2.1 to be crushed, wherein the particle size of the crushed garbage is 4-8 cm; when the garbage is fed into a factory and unloaded, the garbage is deodorized by using the biological deodorant, so that the garbage can be effectively prevented from generating stink in the treatment process, the field is cleaned in time, and the deodorizing and fly killing agent is sprayed; the treated wastewater flows into a sewage treatment tank 6 through a pipeline for treatment;
(2) conveying the garbage materials obtained in the step (1) to a drum screen 2.2 through a belt conveyor for screening, screening out soil, glass, broken stones and broken bricks, crushing the soil, the glass, the broken stones and the broken bricks together, and making the crushed materials into ecological bricks which are all consumed;
(3) the screened garbage materials enter a strong magnetic iron remover 2.3 through a belt conveyor to remove iron and button batteries, and then enter a second crusher 2.4 to be crushed, wherein the particle size of the crushed garbage is not more than 0.5 cm;
(4) feeding the garbage material obtained in the step (3) into a stirrer 2.5 through a belt conveyor, and adding an additive to fully stir;
(5) feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a forming machine 2.6 through a belt conveyor for forming to obtain a composite fuel, wherein the shape and the size of the composite fuel are obtained according to the specification of a die;
(6) the composite fuel obtained in the step (5) enters a directly-heated energy-saving drying box 2.7 through a belt conveyor to be dried, and the moisture content of the dried composite fuel is 15-18%;
(7) the dried materials enter a gasification workshop 3 through a belt conveyor to be gasified;
(8) the combustible gas generated by gasification is purified and cooled and then is led to the internal combustion generator 4 for power generation;
(9) the vapor generated in the drying process of the composite fuel is sent to the deodorization tower 5 through the pumping device and is discharged after water curtain deodorization, and the sewage for deodorization treatment is discharged to the sewage treatment pool 6 through a pipeline and is treated for recycling.
The scheme improves the power generation efficiency and the energy utilization rate of the household garbage, each ton of the household garbage can be prepared into about 0.6 ton of formed composite fuel, the gasified combustible gas is about 1300 standard cubic degrees, and the heat value is 4600-3The power generation is about 600 degrees, which is nearly 2 times of the power generation by directly burning the primary garbage, and the resource utilization and the economic benefit maximization are realized. Is the necessary way for the sustainable development of environmental protection. The whole process has no emission of pollutants such as wastewater, smoke dust, foul gas and the like, solves the problem that a large amount of dioxin, nitrogen oxide and other pollutants which are difficult to treat and poison are generated by directly burning garbage, and realizes harmless and clean production of the whole process of treating domestic garbage. The method realizes the true 'three-way treatment' of the domestic garbage, does not need to be matched with complex pollution discharge treatment facilities, and reduces the treatment cost and the investment cost.

Claims (1)

1. A municipal solid waste treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) delivering the household garbage to a garbage piling yard, and directly putting the garbage into a first crusher for crushing, wherein the particle size of the crushed garbage is 4-8 cm;
(2) conveying the garbage material obtained in the step (1) to a drum screen for screening, and screening out soil, glass, broken stone and broken bricks;
(3) removing iron and button batteries from the screened garbage materials by using a strong-magnetic iron remover, and then crushing the garbage materials in a second crusher, wherein the particle size of the crushed garbage is not more than 0.5 cm;
(4) conveying the garbage material obtained in the step (3) to a stirrer, adding an additive, and fully stirring;
(5) sending the material obtained in the step (4) to a forming machine for forming to obtain the composite fuel, wherein the shape and the size of the composite fuel are obtained according to the specification of a die;
(6) conveying the composite fuel obtained in the step (5) into a drying box for drying, wherein the drying box is a directly-heated energy-saving drying box, and the water content of the dried composite fuel is 15-18%;
(7) directly conveying the dried materials to a gasification workshop for gasification;
(8) the combustible gas generated by gasification is purified and cooled and then is led to an internal combustion generator for power generation;
(9) the water vapor generated in the drying process of the composite fuel is sent to a deodorization tower through a pumping device, is subjected to water curtain deodorization and then is discharged, and the sewage for deodorization is discharged into a sewage treatment pool through a pipeline and is treated for recycling;
the first crusher in the step (1) is connected with the rotary screen in the step (2) through a belt conveyor, and the garbage material obtained in the step (1) enters the rotary screen through the belt conveyor; the other end of the drum sieve is connected with the strong magnetic iron remover in the step (3) through a belt conveyor, and the garbage material obtained in the step (2) enters the strong magnetic iron remover through the belt conveyor; the other end of the strong magnetic iron remover is connected with the second crusher in the step (3), and the garbage materials processed by the strong magnetic iron remover enter the second crusher through a belt conveyor; the other end of the second crusher is connected with the stirrer in the step (4), and the garbage material obtained in the step (3) enters the stirrer through a belt conveyor; the other end of the stirrer is connected with the forming machine in the step (5), and the garbage material obtained in the step (4) enters the forming machine through a belt conveyor; the other end of the forming machine is connected with the drying box in the step (6), and the garbage material obtained in the step (5) enters the drying box through a belt conveyor; and (3) connecting the other end of the drying box with the gasification workshop in the step (7), and feeding the garbage material obtained in the step (6) into the gasification workshop through a belt conveyor.
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CN111215350B (en) * 2019-10-17 2021-12-21 江苏金牛星电子科技有限公司 Processing mechanism for intelligently classifying recyclable garbage and working method thereof
CN117085949A (en) * 2023-08-22 2023-11-21 江苏新奇环保有限公司 Stale garbage treatment process

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CN102327888B (en) * 2011-05-25 2014-08-13 严大春 Municipal domestic waste resource recovery processing method with zero pollution, zero release and harmlessness
CN102311833A (en) * 2011-09-16 2012-01-11 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 Method of preparing regenerated coal from municipal solid waste
CN102827662A (en) * 2012-09-04 2012-12-19 清华大学 Preparation method applicable to treating garbage derivate by being jointed with cement kiln
JP5495346B2 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-05-21 株式会社御池鐵工所 Sludge solid fuel plant
KR20140147481A (en) * 2013-06-20 2014-12-30 주식회사 엘드림월드 Municipal waste treatment system
CN106031925A (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-10-19 北京昌东科技有限公司 Processing technology for harmlessly reducing city garbage and converting city garbage into resources
CN106623339A (en) * 2015-10-28 2017-05-10 上海金惠环保科技有限公司 A fuel conversion treatment method for urban domestic waste and an additive applied for urban domestic waste treatment
CN105969476A (en) * 2016-07-31 2016-09-28 姜义强 Method for processing municipal solid waste into geometry bunker coal

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