CN112154976A - Method for breeding Chinese bees - Google Patents
Method for breeding Chinese bees Download PDFInfo
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- CN112154976A CN112154976A CN202011082411.1A CN202011082411A CN112154976A CN 112154976 A CN112154976 A CN 112154976A CN 202011082411 A CN202011082411 A CN 202011082411A CN 112154976 A CN112154976 A CN 112154976A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K59/00—Honey collection
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a Chinese bee breeding method which comprises the steps of beehive selection, beehive placement place selection, beehive placement area determination, bee colony management and honey harvesting. By adopting the breeding method, an environment suitable for the life of wild Chinese bees is provided, the bred bee colony has stable characters and strong disease, insect and mite resistance, the survival capability of the bees is greatly improved, the overwintering capability of the bees is strong, and the survival rate is high; the honey collecting machine also facilitates the honey collecting work of bees, enables the bees to have sufficient food, does not need to add honey feed additionally, collects the honey through a large number of bee colonies, can greatly improve the honey yield, enables the harvested honey to have pure natural taste, can meet the requirements of more consumers, and has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacture, convenient use and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bee breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of Chinese bees.
Background
The bee-keeping industry occupies a very important position in modern agricultural systems, the bee-keeping does not occupy cultivated land, the investment is small, the income is high, no pollution is caused, no three wastes are generated, and the ecological environment can be improved. With the rapid development of socioeconomic, the demand of people for nutritional food, health food and natural medicine is increasing, so that the demand of peak products is also increasing, and the aim of developing beekeeping is to harvest more honey products. Chinese bee, also known as Chinese bee, Chinese bee and native bee, is a subspecies of eastern bee and is a unique bee breed of China. The Chinese honeybee mainly collects sporadic honey sources such as wild flowers, medicinal materials, fruit trees and the like in mountainous areas, has the advantages of sensitive flight, strong disease resistance, high product value and the like, can adapt to severe weather conditions, and is an rare biological variety resource. Meanwhile, the Chinese honeybee has the advantages of strong collection ability, high utilization rate, long honey collection period, adaptability, strong anti-mite and disease-resistant capabilities, less feed consumption and the like which are incomparable with Italian honeybees, and is very suitable for fixed-point feeding in mountainous areas of China. The body of Chinese bee is small, the head and chest are black, the abdomen is yellow and black, and the whole body is brownish yellow villi. The centralized distribution areas are in the southwest of China and the provinces in the south of the Yangtze river, and the provinces in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangxi and the like have the most quantity.
The bee is an insect which has the greatest contribution to human, can pollinate plants such as crops, fruit trees, vegetables and the like, increases the crop yield, and also produces bee products with high added values such as honey, bee pollen, royal jelly, bee venom, beeswax, propolis and the like. With the improvement of the living standard of people and the enhancement of health care consciousness in recent years, honey is sought by consumers as a health care product and food. In order to obtain more honey products, the honey production of bees must be increased, and more bee colonies are used for honey production, so that more honey products can be obtained. At present, most of bee keepers breed Chinese bees in factories and sheds, and bee feed is added when the bees are raised, so that honey produced by the Chinese bees is impure and lacks of pure natural taste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art that honey produced in the existing beekeeping is not pure, and provides an outdoor breeding method by utilizing the advantages of strong acquisition capacity, high utilization rate, long honey collection period, strong adaptability, strong mite and disease resistance, less feed consumption and the like of Chinese bees.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for breeding Chinese bees comprises the steps of beehive selection, beehive placement place selection, beehive placement area determination, bee colony management and honey harvesting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a beehive: selecting a beehive in which bees are bred or selecting a new beehive made of wood without peculiar smell, coating a small amount of beewax on the new beehive before use to eliminate the woody smell, facilitating the acceptance of Chinese bees and preventing the peculiar smell from stimulating the bees to escape from colonies, arranging a hive door and a corresponding gate plate in the beehive, and arranging a through hole in the gate plate;
(2) selecting a bee-place: selecting a mountain slope, a half-mountain slope and a forest edge far away from factories, mines, highways and the like, which are extremely quiet, avoiding disturbance of people and livestock or vibration interference, and providing a sufficient and clean water source near a bee field; finding out bee colonies according to the wind direction of single wild Chinese bees after honey collection, finding out queens in the bee colonies, collecting the queens by using net bags, placing the queens in a beehive, and removing the insect catching net after the bee colonies completely enter the beehive;
(3) determining a beehive placing area: because the domestication time of Chinese bees is short, the wild performance is strong, the orientation capability is poor, the Chinese bees are easy to nest, the beehives which are placed are required to be in an irregular staggered state, the distance between every two adjacent beehives is at least more than 30m, and front and rear hive doors between every two adjacent beehives are in a staggered state, so that the directions of the hive doors are different, and the problem that bees between groups are thrown in a staggered mode to mutually fight and kill each other is avoided;
(4) managing the bee colony: cleaning the beehive and the periphery of the beehive once or twice every month, continuously manufacturing a new spleen to replace an old spleen when the bee colony is crowded and a queen bee can lay eggs according to the number of the bee colonies, eliminating wax in time except for the replaced old spleen during a small honey collection period to prevent wax moth eggs from being brought into the bee colonies, and increasing the distance between the bottom of the beehive and the lower beam of the honeycomb by at least 40 mm;
(5) harvesting honey: in August of the lunar calendar and the third month or April of the next year, the bee colony in the beehive is driven into the net bag, and honey can be cut.
Further, the breeding method of the Chinese honeybees comprises the steps that in the step (1) beehive selection process, the beehive is a beehive with a cuboid structure, and the bottom of the beehive is a movable hinged structure; through-hole on the flashboard is equipped with two rows, and two rows of through-holes are the parallel state and distribute, and the quantity of every row of through-hole is 8 ~ 12, and its aperture is 5 ~ 6 mm.
Further, according to the breeding method of the Chinese honeybees, honey is placed in the net bag in the selection process of the bee yard in the step (2).
Further, in the method for breeding Chinese bees, in the process of determining the beehive placement area in the step (3), when the beehive is placed, the placed beehive is required to be stable, and the bottoms of the box bodies need to be padded by wood piles, so that the phenomenon of bee escape caused by the intrusion of ants on Chinese bee colonies is prevented.
Further, in the breeding method of the Chinese honeybees, the cleaning work comprises removing wax chip residues, cutting poor honeycomb and cleaning bee corpses to prevent wax moth from laying eggs in the bee colony management process in the step (4); meanwhile, in the breeding process, the number of through holes needs to be opened or blocked according to the change condition of the swarm vigor, and the number of times of opening the box needs to be reduced as much as possible in the breeding period of the Chinese bees so as to avoid disturbing the normal living order of the swarm; in addition, in 4 to 6 months per year, in the middle bee hive season, the number of times of inspection needs to be properly increased, and when the hive splitting precursors such as bee colony idling are found, manual hive splitting is adopted for elimination; in order to improve the honey collection amount, bee colonies can be merged or outworkers can be mobilized at the initial stage of honey flow, strong bee colonies are organized for honey collection, and new spleens are required to be prepared in the honey collection period.
Compared with the prior art, the breeding method of the Chinese bees has the following beneficial effects: the beehive, the beehive placing field and the beehive placing area are selected and determined, and wild Chinese bees are adopted as queens, so that the phenomenon that bees between groups are killed by each other due to contact of peculiar smell can be effectively prevented, and the cohesion of the bee groups is enhanced. The wild bee colony has higher productivity, the physical strength of a single bee is better than that of a domestic bee, more pollen is convenient to collect, and more honey can be produced; meanwhile, by managing the bee colony, the bees have a good living environment, and the problem of productivity reduction caused by diseases or insect pests of the bees can be effectively prevented; in the feeding process, corresponding measures are adopted according to the change condition of the colony vigor and in the breeding period, so that the stability of the bee colony can be effectively guaranteed; in the Chinese bee hive, artificial bee hive separating measures are adopted, so that the hidden danger of bee hive separation can be effectively eliminated; in order to improve the honey collection amount, a honey collection measure of combining bee colonies or mobilizing outworkers is adopted at the initial stage of honey flow to organize a strong group for honey collection, a corresponding new spleen is manufactured at the honey collection stage, and powerful guarantee is provided for increasing more honey. By adopting the breeding method, an environment suitable for the life of wild Chinese bees is provided, the bred bee colony has stable characters and strong disease, insect and mite resistance, the survival capability of the bees is greatly improved, the overwintering capability of the bees is strong, and the survival rate is high; the honey collecting machine also facilitates the honey collecting work of bees, enables the bees to have sufficient food, does not need to add honey feed additionally, collects the honey through a large number of bee colonies, can greatly improve the honey yield, enables the harvested honey to have pure natural taste, can meet the requirements of more consumers, and has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacture, convenient use and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully explain the practice of the invention, the invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example (b):
a method for breeding Chinese bees comprises the steps of beehive selection, beehive placement place selection, beehive placement area determination, bee colony management and honey harvesting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a beehive: selecting a beehive in which bees are bred or selecting a new beehive made of wood without peculiar smell, coating a small amount of beewax on the new beehive before use to eliminate the woody smell, facilitating the acceptance of Chinese bees and preventing the peculiar smell from stimulating the bees to escape from colonies, arranging a hive door and a corresponding gate plate in the beehive, and arranging a through hole in the gate plate; the beehive is of a cuboid structure, and the bottom of the beehive is of a movable hinged structure; two rows of through holes are formed in the gate plate, the two rows of through holes are distributed in a parallel state, the number of the through holes in each row is 8-12, and the aperture of each row is 5-6 mm;
(2) selecting a bee-place: selecting a mountain slope, a half-mountain slope and a forest edge far away from factories, mines, highways and the like, which are extremely quiet, avoiding disturbance of people and livestock or vibration interference, and providing a sufficient and clean water source near a bee field; finding out bee colonies according to the wind direction of single wild Chinese bees after honey collection, finding out queen bees in the bee colonies, collecting the queen bees by using a net bag, placing the collected queen bees in a beehive, removing the insect catching net after all the bee colonies enter the beehive, and placing honey in the net bag;
(3) determining a beehive placing area: because the domestication time of Chinese bees is short, the wild performance is strong, the orientation capability is poor, the Chinese bees are easy to nest, the beehives which are placed are required to be in an irregular staggered state, the distance between every two adjacent beehives is at least more than 30m, and front and rear hive doors between every two adjacent beehives are in a staggered state, so that the directions of the hive doors are different, and the problem that bees between groups are thrown in a staggered mode to mutually fight and kill each other is avoided; in the beehive placing process, the placed beehive is required to be stable, and the bottom of each beehive body needs to be padded up by adopting wood piles, so that the phenomenon of bee escape caused by the invasion of ants to Chinese bee colonies is prevented;
(4) managing the bee colony: cleaning the beehive and the periphery of the beehive for one to two times every month, wherein the cleaning work comprises removing wax chip residues, cutting off poor honeycombs and cleaning bee bodies to prevent the wax moth from laying eggs; according to the number of bee colonies, when the bee colonies are crowded and queen bees lay eggs everywhere, new spleens are required to be continuously manufactured to replace old spleens, the replaced old spleens are used in a small honey collection period, other parts are required to eliminate wax melting in time to prevent wax moth eggs from being brought into the bee colonies, the distance between the bottom of a beehive and the lower beam of the honeycomb is increased, and the distance is at least 40 mm; meanwhile, in the breeding process, the number of through holes needs to be opened or blocked according to the change condition of the swarm vigor, and the number of times of opening the box needs to be reduced as much as possible in the breeding period of the Chinese bees so as to avoid disturbing the normal living order of the swarm; in addition, in 4 to 6 months per year, in the middle bee hive season, the number of times of inspection needs to be properly increased, and when the hive splitting precursors such as bee colony idling are found, manual hive splitting is adopted for elimination; in order to improve the honey collection amount, bee colonies can be merged or outworkers can be mobilized at the initial stage of honey flow, strong bee colonies are organized for honey collection, and new spleens are required to be prepared more at the honey collection stage; in the feeding process, different management measures are needed to be adopted in four different seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter according to local climatic environments, so that the group vigor growth of bee colonies is accelerated, and the phenomena of stealing and splitting are prevented;
(5) harvesting honey: in August of the lunar calendar and the third month or April of the next year, the bee colony in the beehive is driven into the net bag, and honey can be cut.
In order to illustrate the beneficial effects of the breeding method of the present invention, the breeding method according to the embodiment is compared with the conventional breeding method (comparative example) of the prior art, in which the Chinese bees are bred in the shed, and statistics are mainly performed on the death rate of the bees, the annual yield of honey and related products, and the disease conditions, and the specific statistical data are shown in the following table:
by comparison, the breeding method of the invention is obviously superior to the existing conventional breeding method in terms of honey mortality of bees, annual yield of honey and related products, or disease.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for breeding Chinese bees is characterized by comprising the following steps: the breeding method comprises the steps of beehive selection, beehive place selection, beehive placement area determination, bee colony management and honey harvesting, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a beehive: selecting a beehive in which bees are bred or selecting a new beehive made of wood without peculiar smell, coating a small amount of beewax on the new beehive before use to eliminate the woody smell, facilitating the acceptance of Chinese bees and preventing the peculiar smell from stimulating the bees to escape from colonies, arranging a hive door and a corresponding gate plate in the beehive, and arranging a through hole in the gate plate;
(2) selecting a bee-place: selecting a mountain slope, a half-mountain slope and a forest edge far away from factories, mines, highways and the like, which are extremely quiet, avoiding disturbance of people and livestock or vibration interference, and providing a sufficient and clean water source near a bee field; finding out bee colonies according to the wind direction of single wild Chinese bees after honey collection, finding out queens in the bee colonies, collecting the queens by using net bags, placing the queens in a beehive, and removing the insect catching net after the bee colonies completely enter the beehive;
(3) determining a beehive placing area: because the domestication time of Chinese bees is short, the wild performance is strong, the orientation capability is poor, the Chinese bees are easy to nest, the beehives which are placed are required to be in an irregular staggered state, the distance between every two adjacent beehives is at least more than 30m, and front and rear hive doors between every two adjacent beehives are in a staggered state, so that the directions of the hive doors are different, and the problem that bees between groups are thrown in a staggered mode to mutually fight and kill each other is avoided;
(4) managing the bee colony: cleaning the beehive and the periphery of the beehive once or twice every month, continuously manufacturing a new spleen to replace an old spleen when the bee colony is crowded and a queen bee can lay eggs according to the number of the bee colonies, eliminating wax in time except for the replaced old spleen during a small honey collection period to prevent wax moth eggs from being brought into the bee colonies, and increasing the distance between the bottom of the beehive and the lower beam of the honeycomb by at least 40 mm;
(5) harvesting honey: in August of the lunar calendar and the third month or April of the next year, the bee colony in the beehive is driven into the net bag, and honey can be cut.
2. The method for breeding Chinese bees according to claim 1, wherein: in the beehive selecting process in the step (1), the beehive is arranged to be a beehive with a cuboid structure, and the bottom of the beehive is arranged to be a movable hinge structure; through-hole on the flashboard is equipped with two rows, and two rows of through-holes are the parallel state and distribute, and the quantity of every row of through-hole is 8 ~ 12, and its aperture is 5 ~ 6 mm.
3. The method for breeding Chinese bees according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) in the selection process of the bee field in the step (2), honey is placed in the net bag.
4. The method for breeding Chinese bees according to claim 1, wherein: in the process of determining the beehive placing area in the step (3), when the beehive is placed, the placed beehive is required to be stable, and the bottom of each beehive body needs to be padded up by adopting wood piles, so that the phenomenon of bee escape caused by intrusion of ants to Chinese bee colonies is prevented.
5. The method for breeding Chinese bees according to claim 1, wherein: in the bee colony management process in the step (4), the cleaning work comprises removing wax chip residues, cutting poor honeycomb and cleaning bee bodies to prevent the wax moth from laying eggs; meanwhile, in the breeding process, the number of through holes needs to be opened or blocked according to the change condition of the swarm vigor, and the number of times of opening the box needs to be reduced as much as possible in the breeding period of the Chinese bees so as to avoid disturbing the normal living order of the swarm; in addition, in 4 to 6 months per year, in the middle bee hive season, the number of times of inspection needs to be properly increased, and when the hive splitting precursors such as bee colony idling are found, manual hive splitting is adopted for elimination; in order to improve the honey collection amount, bee colonies can be merged or outworkers can be mobilized at the initial stage of honey flow, strong bee colonies are organized for honey collection, and new spleens are required to be prepared in the honey collection period.
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| CN202011082411.1A CN112154976A (en) | 2020-10-12 | 2020-10-12 | Method for breeding Chinese bees |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115211408A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-21 | 河南黑岩蜂业有限公司 | Breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees |
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| CN107094715A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-29 | 赵学智 | A kind of cultural method of middle honeybee |
| CN107691382A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 习水县巅峰蜂业有限公司 | A kind of apis cerana cultural method |
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2020
- 2020-10-12 CN CN202011082411.1A patent/CN112154976A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4663791A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1987-05-12 | Shoei Nishi | Artificial honeycomb for keeping honeybees and method for artificial beekeeping by use thereof |
| CN103039380A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-17 | 刘聪 | Under forest bee keeping implementation scheme in mountainous areas of Liaoning |
| CN107094715A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-29 | 赵学智 | A kind of cultural method of middle honeybee |
| CN107691382A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 习水县巅峰蜂业有限公司 | A kind of apis cerana cultural method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115211408A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-10-21 | 河南黑岩蜂业有限公司 | Breeding method for improving honey yield of Chinese bees |
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Application publication date: 20210101 |