CN112145710A - 一种钛合金排气舌阀 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钛合金排气舌阀,包括壳体、阀盖、阀座以及阀盘,其特征在于:还包括空心轴、长轴、执行机构、杠杆,所述空心轴套装在长轴上,两者之间独立运动,所述空心轴的一端与杠杆相连,杠杆的另一端与阀盘相连,所述空心轴通过执行机构驱动,用于实现阀盘相对阀座的开启或关闭,所述长轴的尾端通过涡轮蜗杆机构与阀盘相连,用于实现阀盘与阀座的密封连接。本发明的钛合金排气舌阀可实现阀盘开启、关闭时阀位自锁,具有“增力减速”效果,实现阀盘启闭平稳,减小碰撞冲击的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于舰艇柴油机进排气系统排气舌阀技术,具体涉及一种用于舰艇柴油机进排气系统的钛合金排气内舌阀。
背景技术
排气舌阀是用于舰艇柴油机排气系统的闭锁装置,目前国内外通用的配置模式是设置两道舌阀,分别为排气外舌阀和排气内舌阀。排气外舌阀布置在舰艇上层建筑排气管路上,由于距离柴油机排气口远,并且有舷外海水的冷却,其内部烟气温度下降很快。
排气内舌阀是位于耐压体上的闭锁装置,用以防止海水从排气管道倒灌柴油机。当柴油机工作时,开启该阀,让高温废气通过,其它情况下该阀均处于关闭状态。排气内舌阀布置在舱内,安装在耐压壳体焊接座架上,由于距离柴油机排气口近,其内部烟气温度很高。高温烟气导致排气内舌阀内部积碳严重,现役艇所用排气内舌阀主要采用钢质材料制造,使用用户多次反映阀冷却水套腐蚀严重、阀盘密封效果差、操作力矩大、易卡滞、维修困难等问题。经过分析研究,认为问题的原因在于:采用的舌阀阀盘及组件均为碳钢材料,存在较严重锈蚀状况,阀盘紧固件及球头结构生锈导致阀盘位置补偿失效,密封不严;现役艇排气内舌阀采用液压马达蜗轮蜗杆机构驱动,无法提供阀盘关闭时的预紧力,也会导致密封不严;舌阀壳体冷却水套采用钢质材料,受冷却海水侵蚀出现腐蚀漏水现象;用于研磨的蜗轮、蜗杆部件材料均为钢质材料,材料匹配性不佳,金属性质相近性很高,导致构成摩擦副时黏着磨损严重,使用较长时间后出现咬合,从而引起活动部件卡滞。这些问题严重影响到舰艇装备的安全性和战技性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述现有技术存在的不足提供一种耐腐蚀,运行可靠的钛合金排气舌阀。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种钛合金排气舌阀,包括壳体、阀盖、阀座以及阀盘,其特征在于:还包括空心轴、长轴、执行机构、杠杆,所述空心轴套装在长轴上,两者之间独立运动,所述空心轴的一端与杠杆相连,杠杆的另一端与阀盘相连,所述空心轴通过执行机构驱动,用于实现阀盘相对阀座的开启或关闭,所述长轴的尾端通过蜗轮蜗杆机构与阀盘相连,用于实现阀盘与阀座的密封连接。
按上述技术方案,所述执行机构包括直动式液压缸、齿轮齿条传动机构、主轴、曲柄摇杆机构,所述直动式液压缸与齿轮齿条传动机构的齿条相连,所述主轴与齿轮齿条传动机构的齿轮相连,所述主轴通过曲柄摇杆机构与空心轴相连。
按上述技术方案,所述曲柄摇杆机构包括与主轴相连的连杆、与连杆铰接设置的摇杆,所述摇杆与空心轴转动连接,所述摇杆与驱动杆相连,所述空心轴内套于驱动杆的中心孔内且两者相连。
按上述技术方案,所述摇杆为扇形状,其套装在空心轴上并与空心轴转动连接,在摇杆的两侧对称连接有预紧力弹簧组件,所述驱动杆包括驱动杆本体,在驱动杆本体上设有与空心轴相配接的中心孔,在驱动杆的两侧对称设有凸耳,所述凸耳上穿装有螺栓,螺栓的下端与预紧力弹簧组件相配置。
按上述技术方案,所述驱动杆通过花键与空心轴相连接。
按上述技术方案,所述阀盘包括阀盘本体、球形销,在阀盘本体的外周固定连接有齿圈,用于与涡轮蜗杆机构的涡轮相配合,所述阀盘本体通过球副与球形销相连接,所述球形销与杠杆固定连接。
按上述技术方案,在阀盘本体的中心部位设有与球头销相配设的上、下轴瓦,所述上、下轴瓦围合形成球形凹槽,并通过止推环及止推盖将球形销的球头部分压装固定,所述球形销的上端与杠杆相连接,并通过对开环及止推帽将杠杆与球形销固定连接。
按上述技术方案,壳体、阀盖、阀座、阀盘本体、杠杆、空心轴、对开环、球头销、蜗杆等与高温烟气接触的零部件采用高温钛合金材质,与球头销形成摩擦副的上、下轴瓦采用耐磨铜合金材质;壳体、阀盖、阀座的冷却水套的零部件采用钛合金材质。
本发明所取得的有益效果为:
1、本发明的执行器设计为液压缸-曲柄摇杆机构传动,利用曲柄连杆结构特点可实现阀盘开启、关闭时阀位自锁,操作方便,使用可靠;
2、所述曲柄连杆机构设计有预紧力弹簧组件,具有“增力减速”效果,实现阀盘启闭平稳,减小碰撞冲击,弹簧组件实现阀盘启闭到位后弹簧预紧力功能;
3、主要零件材料和接触海水部位采用高温钛合金材质,提高设备耐腐蚀性,有效保证阀盘与球头之间转动灵活并持续提供位置补偿量,使得密封面贴合紧密;
4、排气内舌阀阀盘-球头组件设计为卡环-对开环结构连接形式,便于后期维修拆换。
附图说明
图1为钛合金排气内舌阀主剖视图;
图2为钛合金排气内舌阀侧视图;
图3为钛合金排气内舌阀执行器主视图;
图4为钛合金排气内舌阀执行器侧剖图;
图5阀盘示意图;
图6为驱动杆的结构示意图;
图7为摇杆的结构示意图。
图8为驱动杆与摇杆的连接关系示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1、2所示,本实施例提供了一种钛合金排气舌阀,包括壳体1、阀盖2、阀座3以及阀盘4,还包括空心轴6、长轴7、液压执行机构5、杠杆29,所述空心轴6套装在长轴7上,两者之间独立运动,所述空心轴6的一端与杠杆29相连,杠杆29的另一端与阀盘4相连,所述空心轴6通过液压执行机构5驱动,用于实现阀盘相对阀座3的开启或关闭,所述长轴7的尾端通过涡轮蜗杆机构与阀盘4相连,用于实现阀盘与阀座的密封连接。
如图3、4所示,所述液压执行机构5包括直动式液压缸16、齿轮齿条传动机构、主轴20、曲柄摇杆机构,所述齿轮齿条传动机构包括固定在直动式液压缸16上的齿条25、固定在主轴20上的齿轮19,齿条25与齿轮19相啮合,所述主轴20通过曲柄摇杆机构与空心轴6相连。所述曲柄摇杆机构包括与主轴20相固连的连杆17、与连杆17相铰接的连杆18、与连杆18铰接设置的摇杆24,所述摇杆24与空心轴6转动连接,所述摇杆24与驱动杆22相连,所述空心轴6内套于驱动杆22的中心孔内且两者相连。
具体的,如图6-8所示,所述摇杆24为扇形状,其套装在空心轴6上并与空心轴6转动连接,在摇杆24的两侧对称焊接有两个预紧力弹簧组件21,所述驱动杆22包括驱动杆本体,在驱动杆本体上设有与空心轴相配接的中心孔,所述驱动杆通过花键与空心轴相连接。在驱动杆的两侧对称设有凸耳,所述凸耳上穿装有螺栓26,螺栓26的下端与预紧力弹簧组件相配置。
阀门启闭过程为:外部液压油进入液压机执行器5的直动式液缸16,推动液缸16中的齿条25运动,齿条25带动与其啮合的齿轮19转动,齿轮19带动主轴20转动,主轴20驱动曲柄-连杆机构动作,连杆18带动摇杆24作围绕空心轴6的周向转动;摇杆24为对称式结构,摇杆24上左右对称焊接有两个弹簧组件21,摇杆24转动时一方的弹簧组件21顶住其上方装配在驱动杆上的六角螺栓26,弹簧压缩并促使六角螺栓26转动,六角螺栓26通过螺纹连接装配在驱动杆22上,带动驱动杆22转动;驱动杆22为对称式结构,左右对称各装配有一只六角螺栓26;一方的弹簧组件21顶住其上方六角螺栓26的同时,另一方的弹簧组件21释放顶在其上方六角螺栓26的弹力;驱动杆22通过花键传动带动空心轴6转动;空心轴6通过花键带动壳体1内杠杆29绕空心轴6中心线转动,实现杠杆29带动阀盘4组件做扇形运动,实现舌阀的开启或关闭。
本发明的液压执行器设计为液压缸-曲柄摇杆机构传动,执行器带有预紧力弹簧组件,利用曲柄连杆结构特点可实现阀盘开启、关闭时阀位自锁,具有“增力减速”效果,实现阀盘启闭平稳,减小碰撞冲击,弹簧组件实现阀盘启闭到位后弹簧预紧力功能。
阀盘4采用分体式部件装配形式,便于后期维修拆换。具体的,所述阀盘4包括阀盘本体32、球形销9,在阀盘本体32的外周通过紧固件30连接有齿圈31,用于与涡轮蜗杆机构的涡轮相配合,所述阀盘本体32通过球副与球形销9相连接,所述球形销9与杠杆29固定连接。其中,阀盘-球头组件设计为卡环-对开环结构连接形式。具体的,在阀盘本体32的中心部位设有与球头销相配设的上、下轴瓦(10,11),所述上、下轴瓦(10,11)围合形成球形凹槽,球头销9安设在球形凹槽内,并通过止推环12及止推盖13将球形销9的球头部分压装固定,所述球形销9的上端与杠杆29相连接,并通过对开环14及止推帽15将杠杆29与球形销9固定连接。
具体密封过程为:在舌阀处于关闭状态时,通过操作工具套到长轴7的四方头上,转动长轴7,由于长轴7与空心轴6之间独立运动,两者并不干涉。长轴7与蜗杆8通过花键刚性连接,蜗杆8驱动镶嵌的阀盘本体32外圈的蜗轮齿圈32带动阀盘4沿球形销9转动,实现对阀盘4与阀座3密封面配合。齿圈31采取耐磨铜合金材质,紧固件30采用高温钛合金材质,用于研磨的蜗轮、蜗杆8部件分别采用铜合金、高温钛合金材质,这样可实现蜗轮与蜗杆材料特性匹配,有效防范研磨过程中出现卡滞、磨损问题。
本实施例中,钛合金排气内舌阀的壳体1、阀盖2、阀座3、阀盘本体、杠杆29、空心轴6、对开环14、球头销9、蜗杆8等与高温烟气接触的零部件采用高温钛合金材质,与球头销9形成摩擦副的上、下轴瓦10,11采用耐磨铜合金材质;壳体1、阀盖2、阀座3的冷却水套等与海水接触的零部件采用钛合金材质。这样可以有效提高设备耐腐蚀性,可有效保证阀盘4与球形销9转动灵活并持续提供位置补偿量,使得密封面贴合紧密。
Claims (8)
1.一种钛合金排气舌阀,包括壳体、阀盖、阀座以及阀盘,其特征在于:还包括空心轴、长轴、执行机构、杠杆,所述空心轴套装在长轴上,两者之间独立运动,所述空心轴的一端与杠杆相连,杠杆的另一端与阀盘相连,所述空心轴通过执行机构驱动,用于实现阀盘相对阀座的开启或关闭,所述长轴的尾端通过涡轮蜗杆机构与阀盘相连,用于实现阀盘与阀座的密封连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:所述执行机构包括直动式液压缸、齿轮齿条传动机构、主轴、曲柄摇杆机构,所述直动式液压缸与齿轮齿条传动机构的齿条相连,所述主轴与齿轮齿条传动机构的齿轮相连,所述主轴通过曲柄摇杆机构与空心轴相连。
3.根据权利要求2所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:所述曲柄摇杆机构包括与主轴相连的连杆、与连杆铰接设置的摇杆,所述摇杆与空心轴转动连接,所述摇杆与驱动杆相连,所述空心轴内套于驱动杆的中心孔内且两者相连。
4.根据权利要求3所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:所述摇杆为扇形状,其套装在空心轴上并与空心轴转动连接,在摇杆的两侧对称连接有预紧力弹簧组件,所述驱动杆包括驱动杆本体,在驱动杆本体上设有与空心轴相配接的中心孔,在驱动杆的两侧对称设有凸耳,所述凸耳上穿装有螺栓,螺栓的下端与预紧力弹簧组件相配置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:所述驱动杆通过花键与空心轴相连接。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:所述阀盘包括阀盘本体、球形销,在阀盘本体的外周固定连接有齿圈,用于与涡轮蜗杆机构的涡轮相配合,所述阀盘本体通过球副与球形销相连接,所述球形销与杠杆固定连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:在阀盘本体的中心部位设有与球头销相配设的上、下轴瓦,所述上、下轴瓦围合形成球形凹槽,并通过止推环及止推盖将球形销的球头部分压装固定,所述球形销的上端与杠杆相连接,并通过对开环及止推帽将杠杆与球形销固定连接。
8.根据权利要求7所述的钛合金排气舌阀,其特征在于:壳体、阀盖、阀座、阀盘本体、杠杆、空心轴、对开环、球头销、蜗杆等与高温烟气接触的零部件采用高温钛合金材质,与球头销形成摩擦副的上、下轴瓦采用耐磨铜合金材质;壳体、阀盖、阀座的冷却水套的零部件采用钛合金材质。
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