CN112137419A - Non-stick master batch, manufacturing method of non-stick master batch, non-stick material and cooking utensil - Google Patents
Non-stick master batch, manufacturing method of non-stick master batch, non-stick material and cooking utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112137419A CN112137419A CN202010597601.0A CN202010597601A CN112137419A CN 112137419 A CN112137419 A CN 112137419A CN 202010597601 A CN202010597601 A CN 202010597601A CN 112137419 A CN112137419 A CN 112137419A
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- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/002—Construction of cooking-vessels; Methods or processes of manufacturing specially adapted for cooking-vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/04—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay the materials being non-metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
Abstract
The application provides a non-stick master batch, a manufacturing method of the non-stick master batch, a non-stick material and a cooking utensil, wherein the non-stick master batch comprises a non-stick core and an outer coating layer; the non-stick core comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material; the outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core. This application can make cooking utensil have better on-stick performance, prolongs cooking utensil's life.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of kitchen utensils, in particular to a non-stick master batch, a manufacturing method of the non-stick master batch, a non-stick material and a cooking utensil.
Background
The existing cooking utensil has the non-stick effect by mainly spraying non-stick coating (such as fluorine-containing coating or ceramic coating) on a utensil, and avoids the phenomenon of sticking a pot in the process of cooking food. However, the existing non-stick coating, whether being a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating, has the defects of poor temperature resistance and easy scratching and breakage, so that the cooking utensil is easily abraded and scratched by food materials or a slice in the using process, the non-stick property is reduced until the non-stick property is lost, and the service life of the cooking utensil is influenced. Therefore, in order to reduce abrasion and scratches, the existing cooking appliances need to be matched with a specific silica gel shovel or a specific wood shovel, so that the cooking habit that Chinese people like to use an iron shovel is very inconsistent, and the experience feeling of consumers is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a non-stick master batch, a manufacturing method of the non-stick master batch, a non-stick material and a cooking utensil, so that the cooking utensil has good non-stick performance, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
A first aspect of the present application provides a non-stick masterbatch, comprising:
a nonstick core comprising an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material;
and the outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core.
The non-stick master batch comprises a non-stick core and an outer coating layer, wherein the non-stick core comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material; the inorganic porous material has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of lower surface energy and porous oil absorption, and the self-lubricating material has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of self-lubricating and porous oil absorption formed by the lamellar crystal, so that the requirement of the non-stick layer on the non-stick performance can be met; the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have stable crystals and high melting points, so that the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have better thermal stability and high temperature resistance, and have stable structures and are not easy to change substances in the cooking process, so that the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material are not easy to age; the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have high hardness and high mechanical strength, and are not easy to scratch even when a shovel is used for cooking food, so that the durability of the cooking appliance can be effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking appliance is prolonged; in addition, the outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core to play a role in protecting the non-stick core. Particularly, the non-stick master batch is used on a cooking utensil as a non-stick coating, a shovel can be used, the cooking habit of Chinese people is met, and the experience of consumers is improved.
Optionally, the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite mixed at any proportion, that is, the inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, so that raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Optionally, the self-lubricating material is one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide mixed at any proportion, that is, the self-lubricating material is made of natural inorganic self-lubricating materials such as graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, raw materials are convenient to obtain, and manufacturing cost is reduced.
Optionally, the outer coating layer is made of metal or ceramic, a layer of compact film-shaped structure is formed on the surface of the non-stick core through a metal material or a ceramic material, the hardness of the non-stick master batch is improved, the wear resistance of the non-stick master batch is improved, and the binding force of the non-stick master batch is improved, so that the durability of the cooking utensil is improved, and the non-stick master batch is prevented from being damaged in the using process.
Optionally, the outer cladding layer is any one of nickel, titanium, zinc, copper, cobalt, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, titanium carbide or titanium nitride.
Optionally, the particle size range of the non-stick master batch is 200-1500 meshes, so that the non-stick master batch is convenient to process and manufacture, and has good fluidity, and the non-stick master batch is convenient to construct and use.
A second aspect of the present application provides a method of making a non-stick masterbatch, comprising:
s1: preparing a non-stick core: uniformly stirring the inorganic porous material and/or the self-lubricating material with a preset particle size range;
s2: forming an outer cladding layer: an outer coating is formed on the outer surface of the non-stick core.
Optionally, in S2, the outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core by any one of mechanical grinding, hydrothermal method, chemical plating, sol-gel method, nucleation method, solid phase reaction method, spray pyrolysis method or chemical vapor deposition method.
Optionally, in S2, the outer coating layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core by a hydrothermal method, the hydrothermal method comprising the steps of:
adding the non-stick core and the catalyst into a metal salt solution, and uniformly stirring;
introducing reducing gas into the uniformly stirred solution;
the metal salt solution is reduced into metal simple substance which is deposited on the surface of the non-stick core to form the non-stick master batch with proper granularity.
Optionally, the reducing gas is hydrogen, and the non-stick core and the metal salt solution are subjected to a reduction reaction in an autoclave under reaction conditions:
the pressure is 0.5MPa to 3MPa, preferably 0.8MPa to 2 MPa;
the temperature is 130-250 ℃, preferably 150-200 ℃;
hydrogen flow rate 0.1m3/h～2m3H, preferably 0.4m3/h～1m3/h。
Optionally, the predetermined particle size range of the inorganic porous material and/or the self-lubricating material is 500 mesh to 2000 mesh.
A third aspect of the present application also provides a non-stick material comprising any of the non-stick concentrates provided herein.
Optionally, the non-stick material comprises at least two non-stick master batches, the non-stick core in each non-stick master batch comprises different material components, and different non-stick master batches are mixed according to any proportion.
The fourth aspect of the present application also provides a cooking utensil, which includes a vessel, the surface of the vessel is provided with a non-stick layer, the non-stick layer includes any one of the non-stick master batches provided by the present application.
Optionally, the non-stick layer comprises at least two non-stick master batches, the non-stick cores in different non-stick master batches are different in composition, and the non-stick master batches of different types are mixed according to any proportion.
Optionally, the non-stick master batch is coated on the surface of the vessel by means of thermal spraying, cold spraying or solid phase sintering.
Optionally, the non-stick core is partially exposed on the surface of the non-stick layer, that is, after the non-stick master batch is coated on the vessel, further treatment is needed to remove part of the surface material of the non-stick layer, so that the non-stick core is exposed on the surface of the non-stick layer; on one hand, the naked non-stick core can exert non-stick performance, thereby ensuring that the non-stick layer has better non-stick effect; on the other hand, the coating layer surrounding the non-stick core plays a role in supporting and fixing, and the non-stick core is prevented from being worn or falling off.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-stick master batch provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic view of a cooking appliance provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.
Reference numerals:
1-non-sticky master batch;
10-non-stick core;
12-an outer cladding layer;
2-a non-stick layer;
3-vessel.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are used in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a cooking appliance including a vessel 3 and a non-stick layer 2. The vessel 3 can be a sheet formed by metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, iron and the like or a composite sheet formed by two or more materials; the non-stick layer 2 covers the surface of the vessel 3. The non-stick layer 2 can be arranged on the inner surface of the vessel 3, so that the phenomenon that food materials in the vessel stick to a pot in the cooking process is effectively avoided; the non-stick layer 2 can also be arranged on the outer surface of the vessel 3 to avoid the pollution which is difficult to clean on the outside of the vessel. The non-stick layer 2 may cover the surface of the dish 3 completely, or may cover only the area of the surface of the dish 3 corresponding to the bottom of the pan. The non-stick layer 2 is formed by the non-stick master batch 1, and the non-stick layer 2 can have good non-stick performance and long service life through the non-stick master batch 1.
The non-stick master batch 1 comprises a non-stick core 10 and an outer coating layer 12. The nonstick core 10 comprises an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material, that is, the nonstick core 10 may comprise only the inorganic porous material or only the self-lubricating material, or may comprise a mixture of the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material in any ratio. The inorganic porous material has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of lower surface energy and porous oil absorption, and the self-lubricating material has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of self-lubricating and porous oil absorption formed by the lamellar crystal, so that the requirement of the non-stick layer 2 on the non-stick performance can be met; the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have stable crystals and high melting points, so that the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have better thermal stability and high temperature resistance, and have stable structures and are not easy to change substances in the cooking process, so that the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material are not easy to age; the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material have high hardness and high mechanical strength, and are not easy to scratch even when a shovel is used for cooking food, so that the durability of the cooking appliance can be effectively improved, and the service life of the cooking appliance is prolonged; because the non-stick layer 2 adopts the inorganic porous material or the self-lubricating material which is not easy to fall off, the non-stick coating adopted in the prior art is replaced, and the inorganic porous material and the self-lubricating material are both natural materials, are healthy and nontoxic, and can ensure the body health of a user. The outer cover 12 covers the outer surface of the nonstick core 10 to protect the nonstick core 10.
Further, the inorganic porous material can be one or more (a plurality of, including two or more) mixtures of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, that is, the inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, so that the raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. And because the material characteristics of the diatomite, the bentonite or the zeolite are similar, the materials have low surface energy, stable microporous structure and crystal, and similar melting point and hardness which can influence the non-stick performance and the non-stick service life. Therefore, when the inorganic porous material is a plurality of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, powders of the respective materials can be mixed and combined in any ratio to form a new whole as the nonstick core 10, and the outer coating layer 12 is formed on the outer surface of the nonstick core 10.
Specifically, the inorganic porous material has non-stick properties due to the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption. The non-stick performance of the inorganic porous material is explained in detail by taking diatomite as an example, the diatomite is composed of amorphous hydrous silicon dioxide which is in an amorphous structure, the arrangement of atoms in a three-dimensional space is short-range ordered and long-range disordered, and the surface energy is small, so that the diatomite layer has good non-stick performance; in addition, the diatomite has a special porous structure and can adsorb a large amount of edible oil in the using process, so that a layer of oil film is always kept on the surface of the diatomite layer, the non-stick performance of the diatomite layer is further enhanced, and the cooking utensil achieves a good non-stick effect.
Further, the self-lubricating material can be one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, namely, the self-lubricating material is made of natural inorganic self-lubricating materials such as graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. And because the material characteristics of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide are similar, the layered crystal, the microporous structure and the crystal stability, the melting point and the hardness which can influence the non-stick performance and the non-stick service life of each material are similar. When the self-lubricating material is a plurality of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, the powders of the various materials can be mixed and combined according to any proportion to form a new whole as the non-stick core 10, and the outer coating layer 12 is formed on the outer surface of the non-stick core 10.
Specifically, the self-lubricating material has non-stick properties due to the self-lubricating and porous oil-absorbing properties of the lamellar crystals. The non-stick performance of the self-lubricating material is explained in detail by taking natural crystalline graphite as an example, and the natural crystalline graphite has a layered crystal structure, so that the natural crystalline graphite has good self-lubricating performance; carbon atoms form a hexagonal net-shaped graphite layer by using sp2 hybridized orbitals, the bond energy between carbon and carbon belongs to a resonance R-bond, and the bond energy is up to 627kJ/mol, so that the single-layer graphite layer has firm property and is prevented from being mechanically scratched in the using process; the acting force between the graphite layers belongs to weak van der Waals force, and the bonding energy is only 5.4kJ/mol, so that the multilayer graphite layers have good interlayer slippage, and the natural crystalline graphite has non-stick performance. In addition, a plurality of gaps are formed among the layered structures of the graphite, the size of the gaps is in the micron level, a large amount of edible oil can be adsorbed in the actual use process, a layer of oil film is always kept on the surface, and the non-stick performance is further enhanced.
Further, the outer cladding 12 is made of metal (high hardness metal material with Vickers hardness greater than 350 HV) or ceramic, and a dense film-shaped structure is formed on the surface of the non-stick core 10 through the metal material or the ceramic material; because the metal material and the ceramic material have higher hardness, the hardness of the non-stick master batch 1 can be improved, the wear resistance of the non-stick master batch 1 is improved, and the metal material and the ceramic material are easily combined with a utensil 3, so that the binding force of the non-stick master batch 1 is improved, the non-stick master batch 1 can be more easily coated on the surface of the utensil 3, and the non-stick master batch 1 is prevented from falling off in the use process, so that the durability of a cooking utensil with the non-stick master batch 1 can be improved, and a non-stick layer 2 formed by the non-stick master batch 1 is prevented from being.
Further, the outer cladding 12 is any one of nickel, titanium, zinc, copper, cobalt, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, titanium carbide or titanium nitride, and the process is mature and easy to implement, so that the manufacturing cost of the cooking utensil is reduced.
Further, the particle size range of the non-stick master batch 1 is 200 mesh to 1500 mesh, and typically, but not limited thereto, the particle size of the non-stick master batch 1 may be, for example, 200 mesh, 300 mesh, 400 mesh, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh, 1500 mesh, or the like.
Within the particle size range, the non-stick master batch 1 has better fluidity, and the construction and use of the non-stick master batch 1 are convenient, so that a smooth and uniform coating is formed. That is, when the particle of the non-stick master batch 1 is larger than 200 meshes, the non-stick master batch 1 is too large in size, so that the surface of a coating formed by the non-stick master batch is granular, and larger friction resistance is generated, and the appearance smoothness of the coating is influenced; when the particle size of the non-stick master batch 1 is less than 1500 meshes, the flowability of the non-stick master batch 1 is poor, so that the non-stick master batch 1 is difficult to be uniformly coated on the surface of the vessel base material 3, and a uniform coating cannot be formed. In addition, the non-stick master batch 1 is controlled within the particle size range, so that the surface of the non-stick layer 2 can form a micro rough structure similar to the lotus leaf surface, a self-cleaning effect is formed, and the food materials are prevented from being adhered to a cooking utensil.
The particle size of the non-stick core 10 is in the range of 500 mesh to 2000 mesh, i.e. 6.5 μm to 25 μm, and typically, but not limited to, the particle size of the non-stick core 10 may be, for example, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh, 1500 mesh, 1600 mesh, 1700 mesh, 1800 mesh, 1900 mesh, 2000 mesh, or the like.
Within this size range, the nonstick core 10 can have both a complete surface texture and the outer surface of the nonstick core 10 can be readily formed into the outer cover 12. That is, when the particle size of the nonstick core 10 is smaller than 2000 mesh, since the nonstick core 10 is too small in size, the structure (for example, a porous or lamellar crystal structure) of the nonstick core 10 itself forming the nonstick property is destroyed, thereby losing the nonstick property; when the particle size of the nonstick core 10 is larger than 500 mesh, the size of the nonstick core 10 is too large, resulting in difficulty in coating the outer cover 12.
Further, the non-stick master batch 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the surface of the vessel 3 as a non-stick material alone to form the non-stick layer 2, that is, the non-stick layer 2 may be formed only by the non-stick master batch 1; the particle size range of the non-stick base particle 1 is preferably 200 mesh to 800 mesh, for example, 200 mesh, 300 mesh, 400 mesh, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh or 800 mesh, and more preferably 200 mesh to 500 mesh, for example, 200 mesh, 300 mesh, 400 mesh or 500 mesh, and the like, so as to preferentially ensure the non-stick base particle 1 to have good fluidity, thereby forming the uniform non-stick layer 2.
Further, when the non-stick layer 2 is formed only by the non-stick master batch 1, the non-stick master batch 1 can be coated on the surface of the vessel 3 in a thermal spraying, cold spraying or solid phase sintering mode, so that the operation is simple and convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, the surface quality of the non-stick layer 2 is easy to control, and the bonding strength of the non-stick layer 2 and the vessel base material 3 is ensured. Specific embodiments can be referred to as follows:
example one
The non-stick master batch 1 can be coated on the surface of the vessel 3 by means of thermal spraying (such as plasma spraying, supersonic flame spraying or electric arc spraying, and the like), and the thermal spraying comprises the following steps:
s01: pretreating the surface of the vessel 3, specifically, cleaning and roughening the surface of the vessel 3 to enhance the interlayer bonding force between the vessel 3 and the non-stick layer 2;
s02: filling the non-stick master batch 1 into a powder feeder, wherein the particle size of the non-stick master batch 1 is 200-500 meshes;
s03: adjusting the powder feeding speed to be 10-40 g/min, the spraying distance to be 140-160 mm, the arc current to be 450-650A, the hydrogen pressure to be 0.4-0.9 MPa, the hydrogen flow to be 5-10L/min, the argon pressure to be 0.4-0.9 MPa and the argon flow to be 35-80L/min;
s04: the non-stick master batch 1 is heated to be molten and then deposited on the surface of a vessel 3 to form a non-stick layer 2, and specifically, a high-pressure plasma flame flow formed at a muzzle heats the non-stick material to be molten.
Example two
The non-stick master batch 1 can be coated on the surface of a vessel 3 in a solid-phase sintering mode, and the solid-phase sintering mode comprises the following steps:
s11: pretreating the surface of the vessel 3, specifically, cleaning and roughening the surface of the vessel 3 to enhance the interlayer bonding force between the vessel 3 and the non-stick layer 2;
s12: mixing the non-sticky master batch 1 with polyethylene glycol and ball-milling, wherein the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol is 0.1-20%;
s13: adding the powder subjected to ball milling into an aqueous solvent (such as water, ethanol or methanol) and adding a proper amount of an auxiliary agent (such as a dispersing agent or a defoaming agent) and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
s14: spraying the slurry onto the surface of the vessel 3;
s15: sintering for 0.5-3h in the argon atmosphere at the temperature of 900 ℃ and 300 ℃toform the non-stick layer 2.
EXAMPLE III
The non-stick master batch 1 is coated on the surface of a vessel 3 in a cold spraying mode, and the cold spraying mode comprises the following steps:
s21: pretreating the surface of the vessel 3, specifically, cleaning and roughening the surface of the vessel 3 to enhance the interlayer bonding force between the vessel 3 and the non-stick layer 2;
s22: filling the non-stick master batch 1 into a powder feeder, wherein the particle size of the non-stick master batch 1 is 200-500 meshes;
s23: adjusting the spraying distance to be 10-30 mm, the spraying pressure to be 1.5-2.5 MPa and the heating temperature to be 200-600 ℃, wherein the gas medium can adopt compressed air, nitrogen or argon and the like;
s24: heating the non-stick master batch 1 to 200-600 ℃, and then spraying the non-stick master batch on the surface of a vessel 3 to form a non-stick layer 2, wherein a gas medium can adopt compressed air, nitrogen or argon and the like.
Further, after the non-stick master batch 1 is coated on the surface of the dish 3, it is necessary to expose the non-stick core 10 partially to the surface of the non-stick layer 2 (see fig. 3). That is, after the non-stick master batch 1 is coated on the vessel 3, further treatment is required, for example, the surface of the non-stick layer 2 may be polished to remove a part of the surface material of the non-stick layer 2, more specifically, to remove a layer of the outer coating layer 12 of the non-stick master batch 1 on the surface of the non-stick layer 2, so that the non-stick core 10 is exposed on the surface of the non-stick layer 2; on one hand, the naked non-stick core 10 can exert non-stick performance, thereby ensuring that the non-stick layer 2 has better non-stick effect; on the other hand, the outer cover 12 surrounding the nonstick core 10 serves as a support and hold to prevent the nonstick core 10 from fraying or falling off.
Specifically, by removing the surface material, each non-stick master batch 1 on the surface of the non-stick layer 2 can form a tiny non-stick unit, and a plurality of uniformly distributed non-stick units are formed on the surface of the non-stick layer 2; the central area of the non-stick unit is a non-stick core 10, which has non-stick properties; the edge area of the non-stick unit is an outer coating layer 12 which has high hardness, a support frame is formed by the outer coating layer 12, the non-stick core 10 is prevented from being abraded or scratched, the outer coating layer 12 also has good construction performance, the non-stick master batch 1 and a vessel base material 3 or adjacent non-stick master batches 1 can be well connected, and the non-stick core 10 is prevented from falling off.
Further, the non-stick layer 2 may include at least two non-stick master batches 1, the non-stick core 10 in each non-stick master batch contains different components, and the different non-stick master batches 1 are mixed according to any proportion. For example, the non-stick layer 2 comprises two non-stick master batches 1, wherein the non-stick core 10 of one non-stick master batch 1 comprises an inorganic porous material, and the non-stick core of the other non-stick master batch 1 comprises a self-lubricating material; when the non-stick master batch 1 fails, the non-stick layer 2 still has the non-stick performance due to the existence of the other non-stick master batch 1, so that the cooking utensil has a long non-stick service life.
In order to illustrate the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil of the present application, a comparison experiment is performed on the non-stick life of an existing common pan, an existing fluorine paint non-stick pan, an existing ceramic paint non-stick pan and a non-stick master batch non-stick pan (i.e., the cooking utensil with the non-stick master batch 1 as a non-stick layer of the present application), the comparison experiment results are shown in table 1 and table 2, two levels iii of non-stick grades continuously appear, that is, the non-stick requirements are not met, at this time, the experiment end point is determined, and the corresponding cycle number is used as the basis of the non-stick. The specific experimental procedures can refer to a non-stick pan acceleration simulation test program, however, the slice used in the experiments of the application is an iron slice rather than a silicon slice or a wood slice. Also, the cooking appliances of the respective sets of embodiments are identical in other parameters (such as shape, size, material, thickness, molding process, etc. of the vessel) except for the non-stick layer, and the rest of the experimental conditions are also identical.
Wherein, each sample number represents a group of sample pots, and the experimental results are the average value of the experimental results of the group of sample pots, for example, 4# represents a group of existing fluorine paint non-stick pots, and the cycle number 9 is the average value of the cycle number of the group of fluorine paint non-stick pots.
It should be noted that in the examples of table 2, i.e., the samples No. 10# -18# of the non-stick master batch, the contents of the components in each group of samples are different. In the examples in table 2, the set of non-stick concentrates 1 is illustrated as follows:
in the non-stick pan made of inorganic porous materials, the non-stick core 10 of each group of non-stick master batches 1 comprises the following specific components: the No. 10 is diatomite, the No. 11 is bentonite, and the No. 12 is zeolite;
in the self-lubricating material non-stick pan, the non-stick core 10 of each group of non-stick master batches 1 comprises the following specific components: no. 13 is graphite, No. 14 is graphite fluoride, No. 15 is molybdenum disulfide;
in the mixed non-stick pan, the components and the proportion of two different non-stick master batches 1 in each group are as follows: no. 16 is a mixture of 70% of diatomite and 30% of graphite (the non-stick core 10 is 70% of non-stick master batch of diatomite and the non-stick core 10 is 30% of non-stick master batch of graphite), No. 17 is a mixture of 45% of bentonite and 55% of molybdenum disulfide (the non-stick core 10 is 45% of non-stick master batch of bentonite and the non-stick core 10 is 55% of non-stick master batch of molybdenum disulfide), and No. 18 is a mixture of 38% of zeolite and 62% of graphite fluoride (the non-stick core 10 is 38% of non-stick master batch of zeolite and the non-stick core 10 is 62% of non-stick master batch of graphite fluoride).
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2, the non-stick pan of the non-stick master batch has the same initial non-stick performance and has good non-stick performance compared with the non-stick pan of the existing fluorine coating. However, after a circulation experiment is carried out by using an iron shovel, the non-stick performance of the existing fluorine coating non-stick pan and the existing ceramic coating non-stick pan begins to be reduced, but the non-stick master batch non-stick pan still has higher non-stick performance, and meets the requirement of the non-stick performance in the use process of a non-stick utensil. And the last cycle number shows that the cycle number of the non-stick master batch non-stick pan is larger than that of the existing fluorine coating non-stick pan and that of the existing ceramic coating non-stick pan. In addition, as can be seen from the experimental results of the non-stick pan mixing sample in table 2, the mixing of different non-stick master batches 1 has little influence on the non-stick effect no matter how the mixing ratio is, as long as the non-stick layer contains the non-stick master batches.
That is, the nonstick coating which is not on the surface of the nonstick master batch nonstick pan does not fall off along with the use time when the shovel is used, so that the nonstick effect is not influenced; the product has good non-stick property, long service life and long service life. Therefore, the non-stick master batch is used on a cooking utensil as a non-stick coating, a non-stick pan which accords with the cooking habit of Chinese people is provided, and the experience of consumers is improved.
In other embodiments, the non-stick master batch 1 may be mixed with an existing non-stick paint (e.g., fluorine paint or ceramic paint) and applied to the surface of the dish 3 to form the non-stick layer 2, i.e., the non-stick layer 2 may include both the existing non-stick paint and the non-stick master batch 1. Therefore, after the fluorine coating or the ceramic coating is aged and scratched, the non-stick performance of the fluorine coating is reduced or disappears, the non-stick master batch 1 in the non-stick layer 2 can continuously exert the non-stick performance, and the abrasion of the non-stick layer 2 can be delayed, so that the cooking utensil can still have the non-stick effect for a long time.
When the non-stick master batch 1 is also mixed with the existing non-stick paint and applied on the surface of the vessel 3 together, the particle size range of the non-stick master batch 1 is preferably 800 mesh to 1500 mesh, such as 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh or 1500 mesh, etc., more preferably 1200 mesh to 1500 mesh, such as 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh or 1500 mesh, etc., so as to preferentially ensure the convenience of processing and manufacturing of the non-stick master batch 1, and to provide the non-stick master batch 1 with a complete and uniform outer coating layer 12, thereby enabling the non-stick master batch 1 to be more easily and uniformly mixed with the non-stick paint to form the non-stick layer 2 with a smooth surface.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a non-stick material, which comprises any one of the non-stick master batches 1 provided by the embodiment of the application.
Preferably, the non-stick material comprises at least two non-stick concentrates 1, wherein the non-stick core 10 of each non-stick concentrate 1 comprises different components, and the different non-stick concentrates are mixed according to any proportion.
Likewise, in other embodiments, the non-stick material includes non-stick masterbatch 1 and a non-stick coating, such as a fluorine coating or a ceramic coating, and the like.
In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a manufacturing method of the non-stick master batch, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of the nonstick core 10: uniformly stirring the inorganic porous material and/or the self-lubricating material with a preset particle size range; s2: forming an outer cladding layer: an outer coating 12 is formed on the outer surface of the non-stick core 10.
Wherein, the outer cladding layer 12 can be formed by a coulombic electrostatic attraction mechanism, that is, the cladding material powder and the non-stick core 10 are oppositely charged, and the outer cladding material powder is adsorbed on the outer surface of the non-stick core 10 by the coulombic electrostatic attraction to form the outer cladding layer 12; the outer cover 12 may also be formed by a chemical bonding mechanism, that is, a chemical reaction that causes a strong bond to form between the cover and the non-stick core 10, thereby forming a uniform and dense outer cover 12; the outer cladding 12 may also be formed by supersaturation mechanism, i.e., at a certain pH, in the presence of a heterogeneous material, if the solution exceeds its saturation level, a large number of nuclei (cladding powder) are immediately formed, depositing on the surface of the heterogeneous particles (surface not sticking to the core 10) to form the outer cladding 12.
Further, in S2, the outer coating layer 12 can be coated on the outer surface of the nonstick core 10 by any one of mechanical grinding, hydrothermal method, chemical plating, sol-gel method, nucleation method, solid phase reaction method, spray pyrolysis method or chemical vapor deposition method.
In one embodiment, S2, the outer coating 12 is applied to the outer surface of the nonstick core 10 by hydrothermal method, that is, by dissolving or reacting the substances insoluble or poorly soluble in atmospheric conditions with the aqueous solution of high temperature and pressure, and by controlling the temperature difference of the solution in the autoclave to generate convection current to form a supersaturated state to precipitate the growing crystal. The outer coating layer 12 of the non-sticky master batch 1 synthesized by the hydrothermal method has high particle purity, good dispersibility, good and controllable crystal shape, few internal defects and low production cost, and in addition, the powder prepared by the hydrothermal method generally does not need to be sintered, so that the defects that crystal grains grow and impurities are easy to mix in the sintering process can be avoided. The hydrothermal process may comprise the steps of:
adding the non-stick core 10 with proper granularity into a metal salt solution (such as a nickel salt solution) and uniformly stirring;
placing the uniformly stirred solution in an autoclave, and introducing reducing gas;
the metal salt solution is reduced into metal simple substance which is deposited on the surface of the non-stick core 10 to form the non-stick master batch 1 with proper granularity.
Further, in order to accelerate the reaction rate of the reducing gas with the metal salt solution, a catalyst may be added to the metal salt solution, the catalyst being capable of promoting a chemical reaction between the salt solution and the reducing gas.
Further, the reducing gas is hydrogen, the non-stick core and the metal salt solution are subjected to reduction reaction in an autoclave, and the reaction conditions in the autoclave are as follows: the pressure is 0.5MPa to 3MPa, the temperature is 130 ℃ to 250 ℃, and the hydrogen flow is 0.1m3/h～2m3/h。
In a preferred embodiment, the pressure in the autoclave may be between 0.8MPa and 2MPa, the temperature between 150 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the hydrogen flow rate between 0.4m3/h～1m3And/h, under the condition, the hydrothermal reaction is easy to realize, the equipment is not damaged, the requirements of the hydrothermal reaction on high temperature and high pressure can be met, the requirements of the hydrothermal reaction condition on the equipment can be reduced, and the production cost is controlled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (17)
1. Non-stick masterbatch, characterized in that the non-stick masterbatch (1) comprises:
a nonstick core (10), said nonstick core (10) comprising an inorganic porous material and/or a self-lubricating material;
and the outer coating layer (12) is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core (10).
2. The non-stick masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic porous material is a blend of one or more of diatomaceous earth, bentonite, or zeolite in any proportion.
3. The non-stick masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the self-lubricating material is a mixture of one or more of graphite, graphite fluoride, or molybdenum disulfide at any ratio.
4. The non-stick masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the outer coating (12) is metal or ceramic.
5. The non-stick masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the outer coating (12) is any one of nickel, titanium, zinc, copper, cobalt, silicon carbide, titanium oxide, titanium carbide or titanium nitride.
6. The non-stick masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the non-stick masterbatch (1) has a particle size ranging from 200 mesh to 1500 mesh.
7. A method for manufacturing a non-stick master batch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparation of the nonstick core (10): uniformly stirring the inorganic porous material and/or the self-lubricating material with a preset particle size range;
s2: forming an outer coating (12): an outer coating (12) is formed on the outer surface of the non-stick core (10).
8. The method of producing the non-stick masterbatch of claim 7 wherein in S2, the outer coating layer (12) is coated on the outer surface of the non-stick core (10) by any one of mechanical grinding, hydrothermal method, electroless plating, sol-gel method, nucleation method, solid phase reaction method, spray pyrolysis method or chemical vapor deposition method.
9. The method of producing a nonstick masterbatch according to claim 7, wherein in the step S2, the outer coating layer (12) is coated on the outer surface of the nonstick core (10) by a hydrothermal method comprising the steps of:
adding the non-stick core (10) and a catalyst into a metal salt solution, and uniformly stirring;
introducing reducing gas into the uniformly stirred solution;
the metal salt solution is reduced into metal simple substance which is deposited on the surface of the non-stick core (10) to form a non-stick master batch (1) with proper granularity.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said reducing gas is hydrogen and said non-stick core (10) and said metal salt solution are subjected to a reduction reaction in an autoclave under reaction conditions selected from the group consisting of:
the pressure is 0.5MPa to 3 MPa;
the temperature is 130-250 ℃;
hydrogen flow rate 0.1m3/h～2m3/h。
11. The method of making a non-stick masterbatch according to any one of claims 7-10 wherein the predetermined particle size range of the inorganic porous material and/or self-lubricating material is 500 mesh to 2000 mesh.
12. Non-stick material, characterized in that it comprises a non-stick masterbatch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
13. The non-stick material according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises at least two non-stick masterbatches (1), the non-stick core (10) of each non-stick master batch (1) comprises different material components, and the different non-stick masterbatches (1) are mixed according to any proportion.
14. Cooking appliance comprising a vessel (3), the surface of the vessel (3) being provided with a non-stick layer (2), characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises the non-stick masterbatch (1) according to any one of claims 1-6.
15. The cooking utensil of claim 14, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises at least two non-stick master batches (1), the non-stick cores of different non-stick master batches comprise different components, and the non-stick master batches of different types are mixed according to any proportion.
16. The cooking appliance according to claim 14, wherein the non-stick masterbatch (1) is applied to the surface of the vessel (3) by means of thermal spraying, cold spraying or solid phase sintering.
17. The cooking appliance according to claim 14, wherein the non-stick core (10) is partially exposed on the surface of the non-stick layer (2).
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| CN2019105791740 | 2019-06-28 | ||
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| CN2019105804153 | 2019-06-28 |
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| CN112137419A true CN112137419A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| CN202010598776.3A Active CN112137427B (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Cooking utensil |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112137420B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
| CN112137424A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112137422B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
| CN112137420A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112137422A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112137427B (en) | 2023-10-10 |
| CN112137427A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112137419B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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