CN114226714B - Powder metallurgy material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114226714B CN114226714B CN202111549807.7A CN202111549807A CN114226714B CN 114226714 B CN114226714 B CN 114226714B CN 202111549807 A CN202111549807 A CN 202111549807A CN 114226714 B CN114226714 B CN 114226714B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The application provides a powder metallurgy material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the powder metallurgy material is in a particle form, each particle comprises an initial powder metallurgy material, a first material and a binder, the first material is doped in the initial powder metallurgy material, and the binder is used for bonding the initial powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, wherein the tensile strength of the first material is higher than that of the initial powder metallurgy material. According to the powder metallurgy material, the stress of the powder metallurgy material is reduced compared with that of the initial powder metallurgy material, so that the powder metallurgy material can be applied to the preparation of products with uneven thickness or stress.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy materials, in particular to a powder metallurgy material, a preparation method of the powder metallurgy material and application of the powder metallurgy material.
Background
In the powder metallurgy industry at present, powder of a powder metallurgy material is prepared into a product in a metallurgy mode, and the hardness and the strength of the obtained product are greatly increased, so that the powder metallurgy material is suitable for preparing workpieces with uniform workpiece thickness or without obvious uneven stress. However, for products with uneven thickness, the product formed in this way has excessive stress, resulting in low yield of finished products and defects such as chipping. For example, the cutter is manufactured by adopting powder of a powder metallurgy material in a powder metallurgy way, and the finally formed cutter generally has higher hardness and wear resistance, and although the sharpness of the cutter can be improved, the cutter has overlarge cutting edge stress due to higher material hardness, the qualification rate of the cutter in the manufacturing process is lower, and the cutter is easy to break during use, so that the service life is reduced.
Therefore, it is desirable to modify existing powder metallurgy materials to reduce the stress of the existing powder metallurgy materials so that they can be used in the manufacture of workpieces having non-uniform thickness or stress.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the purpose of the application is to provide a novel powder metallurgy material, a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the powder metallurgy material in the prior art is too large in stress to be suitable for manufacturing workpieces with uneven thickness or stress.
According to a first aspect of the present application there is provided a powder metallurgical material having a particulate form, each particle comprising: a primary powder metallurgy material, a first material, and a binder; a first material doped in the initial powder metallurgy material; and a binder binding the initial powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, wherein the tensile strength of the first material is higher than that of the initial powder metallurgy material.
In an embodiment, the primary powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material, the first material may include at least one of a metal material and a non-metal pore material, and the binder includes at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
In an embodiment, the metal-based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a tungsten-cobalt-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-cobalt-titanium-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-titanium-tantalum-niobium-based powder metallurgy material, an iron-carbon powder alloy material, an iron-sulfur-carbon powder alloy material, and a copper-based powder metallurgy material; the non-cermet based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide.
In an embodiment, the metal material may include at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder; the nonmetallic pore materials may include at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, high siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
In an embodiment, in each particle, the weight of the initial powder metallurgical material is 80% -95% of the total weight of the particle, the binder is 1% -2% of the total weight of the particle, and the balance is the first material, based on the total weight of the particle.
According to a second aspect of the present application, a method of preparing a powder metallurgy material, the method of preparing comprising providing a starting powder metallurgy material powder and a first material powder; providing an adhesive; preparing initial powder metallurgy material powder, first material powder and a binder into slurry; the slurry is subjected to a spray drying process to obtain a powder metallurgical material in the form of particles, wherein a first material is doped in the starting powder metallurgical material, and a binder is used to bond the starting powder metallurgical material and the first material to each other, said first material having a tensile strength higher than that of said starting powder metallurgical material.
In an embodiment, the primary powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material, the first material may include at least one of a metal material and a non-metal pore material, and the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the first material powder may be 1 to 10 μm and the particle size of the starting powder metallurgy material powder may be 10 to 50 μm.
In an embodiment, in the slurry, the total weight of the primary powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may be 20% -70% of the total weight of the slurry, based on the total weight of the slurry.
In an embodiment, the preparation method may further include: sintering powder metallurgy material powder obtained by spray drying the slurry, thereby obtaining the powder metallurgy material in a particle form.
According to a third aspect of the present application, a use of a powder metallurgy material as a manufacturing raw material for kitchen ware, which powder metallurgy material can be used as a raw material for manufacturing knives, chopping boards, kitchen ware and containers.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects and features of the application will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one particle in a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of structural changes during sintering of a method of preparing a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at I in fig. 3 according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The inventive concepts of the present application will be described more fully hereinafter.
Both the partially metallic material and the nonmetallic porous material have excellent properties such as low hardness, high tensile strength, etc. Therefore, by adding a metal material and a nonmetallic pore material to the original powder metallurgy material to obtain a powder metallurgy material with smaller stress, the powder metallurgy material can be used for manufacturing products with uneven stress and thickness.
The inventors have found that by forming a slurry from an initial powder metallurgy material powder, a binder and a first material powder, and spray granulating the slurry, the first material is doped into the initial powder metallurgy material to form a granular powder metallurgy material, and the obtained powder metallurgy material has a smaller stress, so that the powder metallurgy material can be used for manufacturing products with uneven stress and thickness.
Therefore, the first material with higher tensile strength is bonded in the initial powder metallurgy material through the bonding agent in a granulating mode, so that a new powder metallurgy material is obtained, and when the powder metallurgy material obtained by the method is prepared into a product in a metallurgical mode, the obtained powder metallurgy material can release stress through the first material, and therefore, the powder metallurgy material can be suitable for manufacturing products with uneven thickness or stress.
The inventive concept of the present application will be described in detail below in connection with exemplary embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one particle in a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a powder metallurgy material having a particle form, each particle 10 comprising: the initial powder metallurgy material 11, the first material 12, and the binder, the first material 12 being doped in the initial powder metallurgy material 11, the binder binding the initial powder metallurgy material 11 and the first material 12 to each other, because the tensile strength of the first material 12 is higher than that of the initial powder metallurgy material 11, the stress of the initial powder metallurgy material 11 can be released through the first material 12 during the manufacturing process, so that the stress of the finally obtained powder metallurgy material is smaller.
In the present embodiment, both the starting powder metallurgy material 11 and the first material 12 are present in the form of fine solid particles.
According to the powder metallurgy material, the first material 12 is doped in the initial powder metallurgy material 11 through the adhesive, so that the powder metallurgy material in the form of particles is obtained, the stress of the formed powder metallurgy material is smaller, the yield in the product manufacturing process is improved in the process of forming products with the same or different thickness, and the collapse phenomenon is reduced in the use process of the products.
In some embodiments, the starting powder metallurgy material 11 may include a metallic or non-metallic ceramic-based powder metallurgy material. The first material 12 may include at least one of a metallic material and a nonmetallic porous material.
In this embodiment, when the metal material is selected as the first material, fluidity of the metal material at high temperature may be utilized, on one hand, the metal material absorbs stress released in the preparation process of the initial powder metallurgy material 11, and on the other hand, the metal material may be filled in pores among particles of the initial powder metallurgy material to play a role of adhesion, and the two act together, thereby improving tensile strength of the finally formed powder metallurgy material. When the nonmetallic pore materials are selected as the first material, the deformability of pore structures among the nonmetallic pore material particles can be utilized, and the nonmetallic pore materials can absorb the stress released by the powder metallurgy materials in the preparation process, so that the stress of the finally formed powder metallurgy materials is improved, and the tensile strength can be improved. It should be explained here that the nonmetallic pore materials and the metallic materials differ in terms of state and number after absorbing stress, the nonmetallic pore materials shrink in volume after absorbing stress, and the metallic materials promote their flow deformation after absorbing stress, so that the nonmetallic pore materials absorb much more stress than the metallic materials.
The first material can be bonded with the initial powder metallurgy material through a bonding agent, and the initial powder metallurgy material mainly utilizes the porous property of nonmetallic pore materials in the first material or the good fluidity of metal materials at high temperature to achieve the purpose of reducing stress. In an embodiment, the first material may include at least one of a metallic material and a non-metallic porous material. By way of example, the metallic material may include at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder. The nonmetallic pore materials may include at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, high siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
According to embodiments of the present application, in the particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material may be 80% -95% of the total weight of the particles, the binder may be 0.1-2% of the total weight of the particles, and the balance the first material, based on the total weight of the particles. An exemplary first material may be present in an amount of 4.9% -18% by weight. When the weight ratio of the starting powder metallurgy material is more than 95%, stress improvement is not obvious due to the excessive weight ratio of the starting powder metallurgy material, and when the weight ratio of the starting powder metallurgy material is less than 80%, the overall properties of the formed powder metallurgy material, such as, but not limited to, hardness, strength, etc., are affected. In addition, when the weight ratio of the binder is more than 2%, the weight ratio of the binder is relatively high, and the agglomeration rate of the granulated powder is high in the spray-drying step at the time of preparation, resulting in a decrease in the yield, whereas when the weight ratio of the binder is less than 0.1%, the weight ratio of the binder is relatively small, and the material cannot be effectively bonded, resulting in an insufficient rate of powdering of the granulated powder, thereby affecting the granulating effect of the finally formed powder metallurgy material.
According to the application, the adhesive can bond the first materials, the initial powder metallurgy materials and the first materials and the initial powder metallurgy materials, when no external condition is influenced, the powder of the initial powder metallurgy materials is not grown, but is bonded into the powder metallurgy materials in a large particle form only through the adhesive, and in the process of preparing or applying the powder metallurgy materials later, the stress in the initial powder metallurgy materials can be released through the first materials, so that the stress of the finally obtained powder metallurgy materials is smaller. For example, during sintering, the starting powder metallurgy material may be stress relieved through its internal pores.
According to the present application, the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. The cellulose-based binder may include at least one of a hydroxymethyl cellulose-based binder, a hydroxyethyl cellulose-based binder, and a hydroxypropyl cellulose-based binder, and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of a polyvinyl alcohol-based binder, a polypropylene alcohol-based binder, other higher alcohol-based binders containing six or more carbon atoms, and the like, however, the present application is not limited thereto, and an appropriate binder may be selected according to actual needs.
According to the present application, the metal-based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of, for example, a tungsten cobalt-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten cobalt titanium-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten titanium tantalum niobium-based powder metallurgy material, an iron-graphite powder alloy, an iron-sulfur-graphite powder alloy, and a copper-based powder metallurgy material. The non-cermet based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide, for example. And the shape of the starting powder metallurgy material may be selected to have a sphere-like or sphere-like shape, so as to facilitate better adhesion between the starting powder metallurgy materials, between the first materials, between the starting powder metallurgy material and the first materials, etc., by the adhesive, although the present application is not limited thereto, that is, one skilled in the art may select a suitable shape of the starting powder metallurgy material according to actual needs, for example, set the shape of the starting powder metallurgy material to have an angular shape.
Hereinafter, the method of preparing the powder metallurgy material of the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, there is also provided a method for preparing a powder metallurgy material, as shown in fig. 2, the method may include the steps of: step S101, providing initial powder metallurgy material powder and first material powder; step S102, providing an adhesive; step S103, preparing initial powder metallurgy material powder, first material powder and a binder into slurry; step S104, spray drying the slurry to obtain the powder metallurgy material in the form of particles.
In embodiments of the present application, the step of providing the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may include the step of preparing the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder, respectively.
According to the present application, the starting powder metallurgy material includes metal-based powder metallurgy materials and nonmetallic ceramic-based powders, wherein the classes of the starting powder metallurgy material and the first material may be selected to be the same, that is, when the starting powder metallurgy material is a metal-based material, the metal material is preferably selected as the first material, and of course, nonmetallic pore materials may also be selected. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select a more suitable first material according to actual needs under the teachings of the present application, and is not limited to metallic materials and nonmetallic pore materials.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the first material may be in the range of 1-10 μm and the particle size of the starting powder metallurgy material may be in the range of 10-50 μm. If the particle size of the first material is smaller than 1 mu m, the powder of the first material is difficult to prepare and the cost is high; if the particle size of the first material is larger than 10 μm, the larger the particle size, the smaller the amount of powder, and the smaller the particles distributed in the starting powder metallurgy material after granulation, under the same mass, resulting in a situation that stress absorption unevenness is liable to occur. If the grain size of the initial powder metallurgy material is smaller than 10 μm, the smaller the grain size, the larger the number of powders, the more interfaces between powders are for the same quality of the initial powder metallurgy material, thus leading to the larger internal stress of the initial powder metallurgy material, and thus requiring higher cost to improve the stress; if the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material is larger than 50 μm, pores with excessive volume are easy to appear, and the added first material is not obvious in improvement of the excessive pores, so that the tensile property of the material is not obviously improved finally.
Here, the particle size of the above-mentioned material may be the maximum length of the material powder, and the material is not particularly limited to have a spherical or spheroidic shape. For example, but not limited to, when a material has an oval shape, the particle size dimension of the material may refer to the length of the major axis corresponding to the oval.
According to the method of preparing a powder metallurgy material of the present application, the step of providing a binder may include preparing the binder into a slurry, and then adding the prepared starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder to the slurry to obtain a slurry required in a subsequent spray drying process. Here, the primary powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may be added to the slurry to form a slurry, or may be mixed and then added to the slurry, and the order and manner of adding the primary powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder are not limited in this application.
The step of preparing the binder into slurry may include dissolving the binder, a dispersant and a defoaming agent into deionized water to prepare slurry, wherein the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder, the defoaming agent may be polyether modified silicone oil or organic silicone oil, and the dispersant may be citric acid or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid. According to the application, the dispersing agent and the defoaming agent are selected as the auxiliary agents, so that the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder can be uniformly dispersed in the slurry, and other suitable auxiliary agents can be selected according to actual needs.
As an example, the slurry may include, in weight percent, 1% -2% binder, 0.5% -1% dispersant, 1% -2% defoamer, and balance deionized water. The weight ratio of dispersant and defoamer in the slurry is proportional to the weight ratio of binder, respectively, that is, the higher the binder content, the higher the dispersant and defoamer content. According to the present application, since the smaller the particle size of each powder, the smaller the particle size of each powder of the same mass, the larger the specific surface area thereof, and therefore, more binder is required as the blocking agent, the amount of binder is required to take the upper limit of the range of the binder amount. When the weight ratio of the binder is less than 1%, the binder occupies a relatively small amount, and granulation cannot be effectively performed, so that the bonded powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder cannot be effectively bonded, and when the weight ratio of the binder is more than 2%, the binder occupies a relatively large amount, and agglomeration after subsequent spray sintering is easily caused, so that the production efficiency is reduced.
After the slurry is prepared, adding the prepared initial powder metallurgy material powder and the prepared first material powder into the slurry according to the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the prepared first material powder accounting for 20% -70% of the total weight of the slurry, so as to obtain spray-dried slurry, wherein when the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the prepared first material powder accounts for less than 20%, the weight of solids in the slurry accounts for less, and the weight of liquid accounts for relatively more, the granulating time is prolonged, and the cost is too high; when the total weight ratio of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder is more than 70%, the weight ratio of solids in the slurry is relatively high, and the weight ratio of liquids is relatively low, so that the subsequent spraying process cannot be performed stably, and the production stability is affected.
After pulping is completed, the slurry is spray dried. According to some embodiments of the present application, the slurry may be delivered to a high-speed liquid-slinging disc to form droplets, which are then blown into a drying tower with hot air from hot air droplets, which undergo a short residence time during descent, ultimately forming a granular powder metallurgical material of the first material powder doped into the original powder metallurgical material by a binder.
According to the method of producing a powder metallurgy material of the present application, since the particle diameters of the primary powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder are small, the particle diameters of particles of the powder metallurgy material formed by adhering the primary powder metallurgy material and the first material via the binder are also relatively small, and thus a relatively low rotational speed is required. The specific gravity of the initial powder metallurgy material is relatively large, and the difference of the particle size and the size of the initial powder metallurgy material and the first powder is small, so that in the process of throwing out through the disc, the throwing disc is controlled to have a certain rotating speed, and the granulated powder of the first powder uniformly distributed in the initial powder metallurgy material, namely the powder metallurgy particles containing certain moisture, can be mutually formed. According to some embodiments of the present application, the rotational speed of the high-speed liquid-slinging disc may be controlled to be within the range of 6000 rpm to 15000 rpm, preferably 8000 to 12000 rpm, and relatively low-temperature hot air may reduce binder loss, so that the obtained powder metallurgy material retains more binder. According to some embodiments of the present application, the temperature of the hot air is controlled in the range of 60-100 ℃, the temperature of the drying tower can be controlled in the range of 100-400 ℃, and the short residence time of the droplets in the drying tower can be controlled in the range of 5-15 seconds.
According to the preparation method of the powder metallurgy material, powder of the powder metallurgy material obtained after spray drying is sintered.
After spray drying, a powder in the form of particles of the first material doped with a binder in the starting powder metallurgical material can be obtained, which however also contains a certain moisture, so that sintering of the powder is required, which removes the moisture from the powder. According to some embodiments of the present application, the initial temperature of sintering may be 25 ℃, the rate of temperature increase may be 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 200 ℃, and then the temperature is maintained for 3-10 hours. According to the method, the particle size of the powder metallurgy material powder is small, so that the required effect can be achieved due to the slow heating speed and the short heat preservation time, and energy sources can be saved. Furthermore, in the step of drying and/or sintering, the starting powder metallurgy material is able to release the stress through the first material, so that the stress of the obtained powder metallurgy material is smaller.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the powder metallurgy material powder obtained by spray-drying the slurry before and after sintering. Fig. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view of fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the internal changes of the powder metallurgy material are as follows:
(1) Sintering: at this time, the volume of the starting powder metallurgy material starts to become large at a high temperature, and the pores among the powder particles of the starting powder metallurgy material start to shrink.
(2) And (3) growing: under the high temperature condition, the particles of the initial powder metallurgy materials are connected, and a plurality of initial powder metallurgy materials are connected and grown together to form a whole material.
As shown in fig. 3, the pores between powder particles of the starting powder metallurgy material in the powder metallurgy material are filled with the first material.
According to the method for preparing the powder metallurgy material, powder obtained by sintering can be screened after the sintering step, so that powder metallurgy material powder with different particle size ranges can be obtained. Powder metallurgy material powder with different particle size ranges can be screened according to the requirement so as to be applied to different products.
According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, a powder metallurgy material is used as a raw material for manufacturing kitchen ware, for example, chopping boards, cookware, containers and the like.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
The powder metallurgy material according to example 1 was prepared by the following method.
In step S10, a tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material with an average particle diameter of 30 μm is provided as a primary powder metallurgy material, and aluminum powder with an average particle diameter of 5 μm is provided as a first material.
Step S20, preparing slurry.
Preparing slurry: the preparation method comprises the steps of selecting hydroxymethyl cellulose as a binder, and mixing the components in percentage by weight to form slurry, wherein the slurry comprises 1.5% of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.7% of triethylhexyl phosphoric acid, 1.5% of organic silicone oil and the balance of deionized water.
Preparing mixed powder: mixing the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and aluminum powder according to the weight ratio of 9:1. Preparing slurry: and mixing the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and the aluminum powder according to the total weight of the mixed powder of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and the aluminum powder accounting for 45 percent of the total weight of the slurry, and adding the mixture into the prepared slurry to prepare the slurry.
And step S30, spray drying the slurry.
And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc with 10000 revolutions per minute, throwing the slurry out of the liquid throwing disc to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a 300 ℃ drying tower by 80 ℃ hot air, and falling after staying for a plurality of seconds in the falling process, so as to obtain the powder metallurgy material of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material doped with the aluminum powder through the hydroxymethyl cellulose.
Step S40, sintering the formed powder metallurgy material to remove the moisture contained in the powder metallurgy material, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the initial temperature is 25 ℃, the heating speed can be 8 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 200 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 6 hours, so that the powder metallurgy material in the form of particles is obtained. In the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material accounts for 89.6 percent of the total weight of the particles, the weight of aluminum accounts for 9.1 percent of the total weight of the particles, and the weight of the hydroxymethyl cellulose accounts for 1.3 percent of the total weight of the particles through XRD diffraction analysis.
Example 2
The powder metallurgy material according to example 2 was manufactured by the same method as example 1, except that zinc powder was used instead of the aluminum powder in example 1, and in the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material was 91.1% of the total weight of the particles, the weight of zinc was 7.8% of the total weight of the particles, and the weight of the hydroxymethyl cellulose was 1.1% of the total weight of the particles, based on the total weight of the particles.
Example 3
The powder metallurgy material according to example 3 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that titanium nitride powder was used instead of the tungsten cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material in example 1, and in the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, titanium nitride was 90.7% by weight based on the total weight of the particles, aluminum was 8.1% by weight based on the total weight of the particles, and hydroxymethyl cellulose was 1.2% by weight based on the total weight of the particles.
Example 4
The powder metallurgy material according to example 4 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that the particle size of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material was replaced with 50 μm, and in the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material was 93.5% based on the total weight of the particles, the weight of aluminum was 5.5% based on the total weight of the particles, and the weight of the hydroxymethyl cellulose was 1.0% based on the total weight of the particles.
Comparative example 1
A powder metallurgy material according to comparative example 1 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that a tungsten cobalt titanium alloy was used instead of aluminum powder (the tensile strength of the tungsten cobalt titanium alloy was lower than that of the starting powder metallurgy material).
Comparative example 2
Only tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy materials are adopted.
See table 1 below for specific comparison details:
table 1 parameters of examples and comparative examples of the present application
Performance index test
The powder metallurgy materials of application examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were manufactured into tools by powder metallurgy. And testing the cutter, wherein the specific performance testing method comprises the following steps:
(1) The tensile strength of the material is measured by referring to the tensile strength measuring method in GB/T228, and the larger the tensile strength value is, the larger the tensile strength of the material is in MPa.
Table 2: test results schematic table of examples and comparative examples of the present application
| Tensile Strength (unit: MPa) | |
| Example 1 | 2034 |
| Example 2 | 1940 |
| Example 3 | 1982 |
| Example 4 | 1320 |
| Comparative example 1 | 956 |
| Comparative example 2 | 886 |
The larger the test result value according to the known tensile strength, the smaller the stress, so that the stress value of the powder metallurgy material can be characterized by testing the tensile strength of the cutter. The combination of the above steps: the powder metallurgy materials of examples 1-4 have a greater tensile strength test value and therefore a relatively lower stress than the initial powder metallurgy material of comparative example 2. It is suitable for the manufacture of products with uneven thickness, and other excellent properties of the initial powder metallurgy material can be maintained.
Although embodiments of the present application have been described in detail hereinabove, various modifications and variations may be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. It will be appreciated that such modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application as defined by the appended claims, as will occur to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A powder metallurgy material, characterized in that the powder metallurgy material has a particulate form,
each particle comprises:
an initial powder metallurgy material;
a first material doped in the initial powder metallurgy material;
a binder that binds the starting powder metallurgy material and a first material to each other, wherein the first material has a tensile strength that is higher than the tensile strength of the starting powder metallurgy material;
the powder metallurgy material is prepared by preparing initial powder metallurgy material powder, first material powder and a binder into slurry, performing spray drying treatment on the slurry,
wherein the initial powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material,
the first material comprises at least one of a metallic material and a nonmetallic porous material,
the binder comprises at least one of a cellulose binder and an alcohol binder;
in each particle, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material is 80% -95% of the total weight of the particle, the binder is 1% -2% of the total weight of the particle, and the balance is a first material;
the particle size of the first material powder is 1-10 mu m, and the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material powder is 10-50 mu m.
2. A powder metallurgy material according to claim 1, wherein,
the metal powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of a tungsten cobalt powder metallurgy material, a tungsten cobalt titanium powder metallurgy material, a tungsten titanium tantalum niobium powder metallurgy material, an iron-carbon powder alloy material, an iron-sulfur-carbon powder alloy material and a copper-based powder metallurgy material; the non-metal ceramic powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and nickel oxide.
3. The powder metallurgy material according to claim 1, wherein the metal material comprises at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder.
4. The powder metallurgy material according to claim 1, wherein the non-metallic pore material comprises at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, highly siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
5. A method for preparing a powder metallurgy material, comprising:
providing a primary powder metallurgical material powder and a first material powder;
providing an adhesive;
preparing initial powder metallurgy material powder, first material powder and a binder into slurry;
spray drying the slurry to obtain a powder metallurgy material in a particle form,
wherein the first material is doped in the initial powder metallurgy material, and the binder is used for binding the initial powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, and the tensile strength of the first material is higher than that of the initial powder metallurgy material;
wherein the initial powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material,
the first material comprises at least one of a metallic material and a nonmetallic porous material,
the binder comprises at least one of a cellulose binder and an alcohol binder;
in each particle, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material is 80% -95% of the total weight of the particle, the binder is 1% -2% of the total weight of the particle, and the balance is a first material;
the particle size of the first material powder is 1-10 mu m, and the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material powder is 10-50 mu m.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the total weight of the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder in the slurry is 20% -70% of the total weight of the slurry based on the total weight of the slurry.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, further comprising: sintering powder metallurgy material powder obtained by spray drying the slurry, thereby obtaining the powder metallurgy material in a particle form.
8. Use of a powder metallurgy material as a manufacturing raw material for kitchen ware, characterized in that the powder metallurgy material is a powder metallurgy material according to any one of claims 1-4 or a powder metallurgy material prepared according to the preparation method of any one of claims 5-7.
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| US4770907A (en) * | 1987-10-17 | 1988-09-13 | Fuji Paudal Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for forming metal-coated abrasive grain granules |
| JP2000160203A (en) * | 1998-09-24 | 2000-06-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Alloy powder, alloy sintered body and production thereof |
| US7892652B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2011-02-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Low stress metallic based coating |
| WO2010046224A2 (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-29 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Metal powder |
| TWI522192B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-02-21 | 台耀科技股份有限公司 | Method of producing pressed-and-sintered workpiece and workpiece thereof |
| CN107398555A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-28 | 有研粉末新材料（北京）有限公司 | A kind of P/M cam and preparation method thereof |
| EP3715017A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-09-30 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Additive manufacturing powder for a hard metal part and method for making the powder |
| CN112137420B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2023-06-20 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Cooking utensil |
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