CN114158949B - Composite material, preparation method thereof and non-stick cookware - Google Patents
Composite material, preparation method thereof and non-stick cookware Download PDFInfo
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- CN114158949B CN114158949B CN202111551508.7A CN202111551508A CN114158949B CN 114158949 B CN114158949 B CN 114158949B CN 202111551508 A CN202111551508 A CN 202111551508A CN 114158949 B CN114158949 B CN 114158949B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BSWXAWQTMPECAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,6-diethyloctyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(CC)CCCCCOP(O)(O)=O BSWXAWQTMPECAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000441 X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021059 hard food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00525—Coating or impregnation materials for metallic surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Abstract
A composite material, a preparation method thereof and a non-stick pan are provided. The composite material includes a spray material and a pore material disposed on an outer surface of the spray material, the spray material including at least one of a metallic material and a metal-containing compound material, and the pore material including one or more of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate. The composite material has a pore structure and excellent strength, so that the non-stick cookware with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained by spraying the composite material on the surface of the cookware.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of cookware, and more particularly, to a composite material, a method of preparing the composite material, and a non-stick cookware coated with the composite material.
Background
The existing nonstick products for cookware are usually prepared by spraying fluororesin paint on the surface of a metal substrate of the cookware, so as to play a role in nonstick, but the existing nonstick fluororesin products have the problem of short service life and are mainly characterized in the following aspects:
1. is easy to scratch: because the fluororesin is a high polymer material, the hardness is lower, when the non-stick fluororesin product is coated on the surface of a pot, and the pot is used for stir-frying hard foods (such as shells and the like), the surface of the pot is easy to scratch, so that the service life of the fluororesin product is shorter;
2. easy to fall off: because the metal substrate of the pan is sandblasted, the roughness is smaller, and after the pan is used for a period of time, the binding force between the fluorine resin non-stick layer and the metal substrate is reduced due to long-term expansion and contraction, and even the fluorine resin non-stick layer is caused to fall off in the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a composite material having a pore structure due to the inclusion of a pore material, and thus being non-tacky; in addition, the composite material has good strength and good binding force with the surface of the cooker due to the inclusion of the spraying material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-stick pan, wherein the composite material is sprayed on the surface of the pan to obtain the non-stick pan with durable non-stick effect.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite material including a spray material and a pore material disposed on an outer surface of the spray material, the spray material including at least one of a metal material and a metal-containing compound material, and the pore material including one or more of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate. The pore material has more tiny pores, so that on one hand, oil can be stored, and the oil storage is not sticky; on the other hand, the surface of the pore is micro-rough structure, and a non-sticky structure similar to 'lotus leaf' can be provided. The metal material can provide good binding force with the surface of the pot, and the metal compound-containing material can improve the hardness of the composite material.
In embodiments, the metal material may include one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, mild steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy, and the metal compound-containing material may include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide. The metal material can provide good binding force with the surface of the pot, and the metal compound-containing material can improve the hardness of the composite material.
In an embodiment, the composite material may further include a binder adhering the porous material to an outer surface of the spray material, wherein the composite material includes 50wt% to 80wt% of the spray material, 1wt% to 2wt% of the binder, and the balance of the porous material, based on a total weight of the composite material. When each of the materials of the composite is within the above content range, the composite has good non-tackiness.
In an embodiment, the binder may include an alcohol-based binder and/or a cellulose-based binder, wherein the alcohol-based binder includes polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and wherein the cellulose-based binder includes hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and/or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The alcohol binder and/or the cellulose binder have good binding performance, and can enable the pore materials to be well adhered to the surface of the spraying material.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the spray material may be greater than the particle size of the pore material. Since more pore material needs to be adhered to the surface of the spray material to meet the duty ratio requirement of the pore material in the composite material, it is preferable that the particle size of the pore material is smaller than that of the spray material.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a composite material for a non-stick pan, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a spray material and a pore material; preparing a spraying material and a pore material into slurry; spray drying the slurry to form powder particles; sintering the powder particles to obtain a composite material having a pore material disposed on a spray material, wherein the spray material comprises at least one of a metal material and a metal-containing compound material, and the pore material comprises one or more of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate. The composite material prepared by the method has good non-tackiness and strength and has a binding force with the surface of the cooker.
In an embodiment, in the step of preparing a slurry, a spray material and a pore material are mixed into a solution to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 20wt% to 70wt%, wherein the solution includes 1wt% to 4wt% of a binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of a dispersant, 1wt% to 2wt% of a defoaming agent, and the balance water, based on the total weight of the solution. The binder enables the pore materials to adhere well to the surface of the spraying material; the dispersing agent can prevent sedimentation and agglomeration of the spray material and the pore material, so that the spray material and the pore material are suspended in the solution to form stable slurry; the defoaming agent can inhibit the foamability of the slurry, so that the slurry is uniform and stable.
In embodiments, the binder comprises hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and/or polypropylene alcohol; the dispersing agent comprises citric acid and/or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid; the defoamer comprises polyether modified silicone oil and/or organic silicone oil. The binder enables the pore materials to adhere well to the surface of the spraying material; the dispersing agent can prevent sedimentation and agglomeration of the spray material and the pore material, so that the spray material and the pore material are suspended in the solution to form stable slurry; the defoaming agent can inhibit the foamability of the slurry, so that the slurry is uniform and stable.
In an embodiment, spray drying is performed at 6000 rpm to 15000 rpm and a temperature of 100 ℃ to 400 ℃. The composite material prepared under the process conditions has good non-tackiness.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a non-stick pan is provided that includes a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, the non-stick coating comprising a composite material. The non-stick pan has lasting non-stick effect.
The composite material of the present invention has a pore structure due to the inclusion of a pore material, and thus is non-tacky; in addition, the composite material has good strength and good binding force with the surface of the cooker due to the inclusion of the spraying material. The non-stick cookware with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained by spraying the composite material on the surface of the cookware.
Drawings
The above and/or other features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from and be readily appreciated by the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a composite material according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments will be described below to explain the present invention by referring to the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The pore material has more tiny pores, so that on one hand, oil can be stored, and the oil storage is not sticky; on the other hand, the surface of the pore is micro-rough structure, and a non-sticky structure similar to 'lotus leaf' can be provided. However, since the pore materials are generally inorganic materials formed under long-term natural conditions, the pore materials cannot be directly prepared into a non-stick coating through related processes, and thus the pore materials need to be modified to form the non-stick coating.
Because of the nature of the porous material, the porous material cannot be directly sprayed and requires granulation with other materials (e.g., spray materials) before spraying. The invention mainly carries out granulation on the pore material and the spraying material to obtain the pore spraying granulation material, and the surface of the non-adhesive coating formed by cold and hot spraying of the pore spraying granulation material has uniform and fine pores, can well store oil in daily use process, and finally provides good non-adhesion.
The composite material according to the present invention includes a spray material and a pore material disposed (specifically, adhered) on an outer surface of the spray material.
The spray material includes at least one of a metallic material and a metal compound-containing material.
The metal material may include one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy, and the metal compound-containing material may include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide. The metal material has the main function of improving the binding force with the pot base material and preventing the non-stick coating from falling off. The metal compound-containing material has good strength, can prevent the non-stick coating from being scratched, and can prolong the service life of the non-stick coating.
The pore materials may include one or more of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicates (e.g., highly siliceous silicates), cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicates.
The pore material and the spraying material are granulated to form the pore spraying granulation material, the pore spraying granulation material can form a non-stick coating through cold and hot spraying, and the formed non-stick coating keeps the pore structure and the surface roughness structure in the original pore material.
In embodiments of the present invention, the composite material may include a metallic material and a porous material adhered to an outer surface of the metallic material. The composite material has good non-tackiness and bonding force with the pot base material.
In embodiments of the present invention, a composite material may include a metal-containing compound material and a pore material adhered to an outer surface of the metal-containing compound material. The composite material has good non-tackiness and strength.
In embodiments of the present invention, the composite material may include both a metal material and a metal-containing compound material and a pore material adhered to the outer surfaces of the metal material and the metal-containing compound material. The composite material has good non-tackiness, strength and binding force with the pan base material.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composite material may further include a binder that adheres the porous material to the outer surface of the spray material.
The composite material comprises 50 to 80 weight percent of spray material, 1 to 2 weight percent of binder and the balance of pore material based on the total weight of the composite material.
The pore materials are adhered to the surface of the spraying material through the adhesive, when the spraying material accounts for more than 80wt%, the non-tackiness is poor, and when the spraying material accounts for less than 50wt%, the pore materials account for higher, and finally the bonding force between the non-tackiness coating and the pot base material is poor.
The binder may include a higher alcohol binder and/or a cellulose binder. The higher alcohol binder may include polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and the cellulose binder may include hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and/or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to adhere a lot of pore materials to the spray material, it is preferable that the particle size of the spray material may be larger than that of the pore materials. Specifically, the particle diameter of the spray material may be 10 to 40 μm, and the particle diameter of the pore material may be 1 to 10 μm.
The particle size of the spray material may be 10 to 40. Mu.m, for example, 15 to 35. Mu.m, 20 to 30. Mu.m, or 15 to 20. Mu.m. When the particle diameter of the spray material is less than 10 μm, in the finally produced composite material (for example, pore spray granulated powder), the particle diameter of the composite material is small, resulting in clogging of the powder feed pipe; when the particle diameter of the spray material is larger than 40 μm, on the one hand, the surface roughness of the formed non-stick coating layer is large, the appearance is poor, and on the other hand, the required spray power is large, resulting in high production cost.
The pore material may have a particle size of 1 μm to 10 μm. When the particle size of the pore materials is smaller than 1 mu m, more pore materials are required to be adsorbed on the surface of the spraying material to meet the duty ratio requirement of the pore materials in the composite material, so that the granulating cost is higher; when the particle diameter of the pore material is larger than 10 μm, the larger the particle diameter of the pore material, the smaller the proportion of the pore material adhered to the spray material, and the higher the adhesion cost.
The particle size of the composite material may be 20 μm to 100 μm. When the particle size of the composite material is smaller than 20 mu m, the powder feeding pipe in the spraying matched equipment in the spraying process is easy to be blocked, and the production is not smooth; when the particle size of the composite material is more than 100 mu m, the granulation qualification rate is low, the cost is high, and the production control is not facilitated.
Hereinafter, a method of preparing the composite material will be described with reference to fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1, the method of preparing a composite material according to the present invention includes: a step S100 of preparing a spray material and a pore material; step S200 of preparing the spraying material and the pore material into slurry; a step S300 of spray-drying the slurry to form powder particles; and step S400, sintering the powder particles.
In step S100, the raw materials of the spray material and the pore material used may be referred to as the raw materials of the spray material and the pore material described above. The spray material and the pore material may be ground to a predetermined particle size by grinding, for example, the particle size of the spray material may be ground to 10 μm to 40 μm and the particle size of the pore material may be ground to 1 μm to 10 μm. In addition, in the grinding process, the particle sizes of the obtained spraying materials are the same as much as possible, and the particle sizes of the obtained pore materials are the same as much as possible, so that the subsequent processes such as pulping, spraying and the like are convenient.
In step S200, the spray material and the pore material are mixed into a solution to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 20wt% to 70wt%, wherein the solution may include 1wt% to 4wt% of a binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of a dispersant, 1wt% to 2wt% of a defoaming agent, and the balance of deionized water, based on the total weight of the solution. The ratio of dispersant to defoamer is proportional to the ratio of binder, the higher the binder content, the higher the dispersant to defoamer content. Since the powder particles have smaller particle diameters and the surface area is larger as the particle diameters are smaller in the powder particles with the same mass, more binder is required, and the binder accounts for 1-2 wt% of the finally obtained granulated powder. In step S200, when the weight ratio of the binder is less than 1wt%, the binder is less, granulation of the composite material cannot be effectively performed, and when the weight ratio of the binder is more than 4wt%, the binder is relatively high, which is liable to cause agglomeration after subsequent spray sintering, resulting in a decrease in production efficiency.
The binder may be referred to as the binder described above. The dispersant may be a conventional dispersant, for example, including citric acid and/or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid, and the defoamer may be a conventional defoamer, for example, including polyether modified silicone oil and/or silicone oil.
And mixing the spraying material and the pore material with the solution to finally obtain the slurry with the solid content of 20-70 wt%. In the slurry, the more the liquid portion content is, the less the solid content is, but when the solid content is less than 20wt%, the granulating time is long and the cost is high; when the solid content is more than 70wt%, the solid content is more, and the liquid in the slurry is less, so that the subsequent spraying process cannot be stably performed, and the production stability is affected.
In step S300, the slurry is delivered to a high-speed liquid-throwing disc at 6000-15000 rpm (e.g., 6000-12000 rpm) to form droplets, which are blown into a drying tower at 100-400 ℃ by hot air at 60-100 ℃ and pass through 5-15 seconds during the descent process to form spherical and solid powder particles. Since the primary powder particles (i.e., the spray material and the pore material) have a relatively small particle size, the powder particles after the binder is adhered thereto can be thrown out at a relatively low rotational speed (e.g., 6000-12000 rpm).
In step S400, the powder particles after the spray drying are sintered to remove moisture from the powder particles. The sintering curve is prepared according to the physical properties of the raw material powder, and the temperature rise rate is generally 5 to 20 degrees celsius/minute (for example, 5 to 10 degrees celsius/minute), and the holding time is 3 to 30 hours (for example, 3 to 10 hours). Since the particle diameter of the powder particles (granulated particles) is small, the desired effect can be achieved at a relatively slow temperature rising rate (generally, the temperature rising rate of granulation is 5 to 20 degrees/min) and a relatively short holding time (generally, the holding time is 3 to 30 hours).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of preparing a composite material according to the present invention may further include a step S500 of sieving the sintered powder particles. In step S500, the powder particles obtained as described above are sieved, and if necessary, the powder particles are sieved into composite materials having different particle size ranges. In the finally produced composite material, in a structure in which the pore material is adhered to the surface of the spray material by the binder, the structure is a plurality of particles, and the particle diameter of the composite material is larger than that of the original powder particles.
The non-stick pan comprises a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, wherein the non-stick coating comprises the composite material, and the substrate comprises iron and/or stainless steel. The spray process may be cold spray or thermal spray.
According to the invention, the pore materials and the spraying materials are granulated, namely, the pore materials are adhered to the surface of the spraying materials through the adhesive to form the pore spraying granulating materials, the pore spraying granulating materials can be subjected to cold and hot spraying to form the non-stick coating, the formed non-stick coating keeps the pore structure and the surface roughness structure in the original pore materials, the daily use process can well store oil, and finally, good non-stick performance is provided.
The composite material of the present invention has a pore structure due to the inclusion of a pore material, and thus is non-tacky; in addition, the composite material has good strength and good binding force with the surface of the cooker due to the inclusion of the spraying material. The non-stick cookware with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained by spraying the composite material on the surface of the cookware.
The method of preparing a composite material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Titanium metal powder was ground into titanium particles having an average particle diameter of 40 μm, zeolite was ground into zeolite particles having an average particle diameter of 10 μm, and the titanium particles and zeolite particles were mixed into a solution at a mass ratio of 7:3 to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 60wt%, wherein the solution comprised 2wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1wt% of citric acid and 2wt% of polyether-modified silicone oil, and the balance was deionized water. And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 8000 rpm to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 300 ℃ by hot air at 70 ℃, and forming spherical powder particles after 10 seconds of the liquid drops in the descending process. The powder particles were sintered at a temperature rising rate of 7 degrees celsius/min for a holding time of 6 hours, and the sintered powder particles were sieved to obtain a composite material. The average particle size of the composite material was 70 μm, the binder content was 1.2%, the titanium metal powder content was 69.2% and the zeolite content was 29.6% by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the spray material was changed to titanium oxide; the composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the spray material was changed to a mixture of titanium oxide (average particle diameter of 40 μm) and titanium particles (average particle diameter of 40 μm) in a mass ratio of 1:1; . The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the spray material was exchanged for ferroferric oxide particles having an average particle size of 30 μm and the pore material was exchanged for bentonite particles having an average particle size of 5 μm; in the finally produced composite material, the average particle diameter of the composite material was 50. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the spray material was exchanged for titanium particles having an average particle diameter of 15 μm and the pore material was exchanged for bentonite particles having an average particle diameter of 5 μm; in the finally produced composite material, the average particle diameter of the composite material was 30. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 was that the mass ratio of titanium particulate material to porous particulate material was 8:2, and the composite powder obtained finally had a titanium particle content of 79%, a zeolite content of 19.8% and an average particle diameter of 75 μm by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 was that the mass ratio of titanium particulate material to porous particulate material was 55:50, and the resulting composite powder had a titanium particle content of 51.7%, a zeolite content of 47.1% and an average composite particle size of 55 μm by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 was that the mass ratio of titanium particulate material to porous particulate material was 9:1, and the resulting composite powder had a titanium particle fraction of 88.9%, a zeolite fraction of 9.8% and an average composite particle size of 85 μm by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 was that the mass ratio of titanium particulate material to porous particulate material was 5:5, and the resulting composite powder had a titanium particle fraction of 49.4%, a zeolite fraction of 49.4% and an average particle diameter of 45 μm by X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 100 μm.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the spray material and the pore material are mixed and sprayed directly on the surface of the pot.
Comparative example 4
The non-stick pan was prepared using conventional fluororesin.
The testing method comprises the following steps:
(1) Initial non-stick test method: the method for testing the non-tackiness of the omelette in GB/T32095.2-2015 is an initial non-tackiness test, and is divided into I, II and III grades, wherein the I grade non-tackiness is optimal, and the III grade non-tackiness is worst;
(2) Non-stick durability test method: the method for testing the permanent non-tackiness in GB/T32388-2015 is characterized in that the number of times is counted, the longer the service life is indicated, the non-tackiness results are evaluated 1000 times, and the times when III grade is recorded;
the initial tack-free and tack-free durability of the cookware of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested by using the above-described test methods, and the results of the tests are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Initial tack free test | Non-stick durability (secondary) | |
| Example 1 | Ⅰ | 22000 |
| Example 2 | Ⅰ | 23000 |
| Example 3 | Ⅰ | 22000 |
| Example 4 | Ⅰ | 29000 |
| Example 5 | Ⅰ | 31000 |
| Example 6 | Ⅱ | 15000 |
| Example 7 | Ⅰ | 36000 |
| Comparative example 1 | Ⅲ | 0 |
| Comparative example 2 | Ⅰ | 9000 |
| Comparative example 3 | Ⅲ | 0 |
| Comparative example 4 | Ⅰ | 8000 |
As can be seen from table 1, the initial tack-free and tack-free durability of examples 1 to 7 of the present invention are significantly better than comparative examples 1 to 4.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined not by the specific embodiments of the invention but by the claims, and all differences within the scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A composite material for a non-stick pan, the composite material comprising a spray material and a pore material disposed on an outer surface of the spray material, the spray material comprising at least one of a metallic material and a metal-containing compound material, and the pore material comprising one or more of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate,
wherein the composite material further comprises a binder adhering the porous material to the outer surface of the spray material, the composite material comprising 50wt% to 80wt% of spray material, 1wt% to 2wt% of binder, and the balance porous material, based on the total weight of the composite material, and
wherein the particle size of the spraying material is 30-40 μm, the particle size of the pore material is 1-10 μm,
wherein, the non-stick coating formed by the composite material retains the pore structure and the surface roughness structure of the pore material,
wherein the composite material is prepared by the steps of:
preparing a spray material and a pore material;
preparing the spray material and the pore material into slurry;
spray drying the slurry to form powder particles; and
sintering the powder particles to obtain a composite material with a porous material disposed on the spray material,
wherein, in the step of preparing slurry, the spray material and the pore material are mixed into a solution to prepare slurry with a solid content of 20wt% to 70wt%, the solution comprising 1wt% to 4wt% of binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of dispersant, 1wt% to 2wt% of defoamer and the balance of water based on the total weight of the solution.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein,
the metal material includes one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel and nickel alloy, and
the metal compound-containing material includes one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide.
3. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the binder comprises an alcohol-based binder and/or a cellulose-based binder,
wherein the alcohol binder comprises polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and
wherein the cellulose binder comprises hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and/or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
4. The composite material of claim 1, wherein,
the dispersing agent comprises citric acid and/or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid;
the defoamer comprises polyether modified silicone oil and/or organic silicone oil.
5. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein spray drying is performed at a temperature of 6000 rpm to 15000 rpm and 100 ℃ to 400 ℃.
6. A non-stick pan comprising a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, the non-stick coating comprising the composite material of any one of claims 1-5.
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