CN113999555B - Composite material, preparation method thereof and non-stick cookware - Google Patents
Composite material, preparation method thereof and non-stick cookware Download PDFInfo
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- CN113999555B CN113999555B CN202111552836.9A CN202111552836A CN113999555B CN 113999555 B CN113999555 B CN 113999555B CN 202111552836 A CN202111552836 A CN 202111552836A CN 113999555 B CN113999555 B CN 113999555B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
A composite material, a preparation method thereof and a non-stick pan are provided. The composite material includes at least one of a first coating structure including metal particles having a first particle size and metal-containing compound particles having a second particle size coated on an outer surface of the metal particles, the first particle size being larger than the second particle size, a second coating structure including metal-containing compound particles having a third particle size and metal-containing compound particles having a fourth particle size coated on an outer surface of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle size, and a cluster structure including cluster structures between the metal-containing compound particles having a fifth particle size. Because the composite material provided by the invention has the required porosity, the microprotrusion structure and the excellent strength, the non-stick cookware with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained by spraying the composite material on the surface of the cookware.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of cookware, and more particularly, to a composite material, a method of preparing the composite material, and a non-stick cookware coated with the composite material.
Background
At present, the non-stick material for the cookware is usually a fluororesin coating sprayed on the surface of a metal substrate of the cookware, so as to play a role in non-stick, but the current non-stick material for the fluororesin has the problem of short service life and is mainly characterized in the following aspects:
1. is easy to scratch: because the fluororesin is a high polymer material, the hardness is lower, when the fluororesin non-stick material is coated on the surface of the cooker and the cooker is used for stir-frying hard foods (such as shells and the like), the surface of the cooker is easy to scratch, so that the service life of the cooker is shorter;
2. easy to fall off: because the metal substrate of the pan is sandblasted, the roughness is smaller, and after the pan is used for a period of time, the binding force between the fluorine resin non-stick layer and the metal substrate is reduced due to long-term expansion and contraction, and even the fluorine resin non-stick layer is caused to fall off in the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite material and a non-stick pan, wherein the composite material has required porosity, a microprotrusion structure and good strength, and is sprayed on the surface of the pan to form a non-stick coating, and the non-stick coating has strong bonding force with the surface of the pan, is not easy to fall off and is not easy to scratch, so that the non-stick pan with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite material including at least one of a first coating structure including metal particles having a first particle diameter and metal-containing compound particles having a second particle diameter coated on an outer surface of the metal particles, the first particle diameter being larger than the second particle diameter, a second coating structure including metal-containing compound particles having a third particle diameter and metal-containing compound particles having a fourth particle diameter coated on an outer surface of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter, and a cluster structure including cluster structures between the metal-containing compound particles having a fifth particle diameter. The composite material having the above-described configuration has a desired porosity and microprotrusion structure as well as good strength.
In an embodiment, in the first coating structure, the first particle diameter is at least 2 times the second particle diameter, the first particle diameter may be 10 to 40 μm, the second particle diameter may be 1 to 10 μm, and the number of metal-containing compound particles is at least 6 times the number of metal particles. The metal particles can increase the binding force with the non-stick cookware, the metal-containing compound particles can increase the strength of the composite material and/or the non-stick coating, and the composite material with the above structure has the required porosity and the microprotrusion structure and good strength. In addition, the particle diameter of the metal-containing compound particles is smaller than that of the metal particles, so that more metal-containing compound particles adhere to the surfaces of the metal particles, thereby realizing more pores and a microscopic convex structure.
In an embodiment, in the second coating structure, the third particle diameter is at least 2 times the fourth particle diameter, the third particle diameter may be 10 to 40 μm, the fourth particle diameter may be 1 to 10 μm, and the number of metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter is at least 6 times the number of metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter. The metal-containing compound particles can increase the strength of the composite material and/or the non-stick coating, and the composite material having the above-described configuration has a desired porosity and microprotrusion structure and good strength. Further, the third particle diameter is at least 2 times as large as the fourth particle diameter, so that more metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter are attached to the surface of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter, thereby realizing more pores and a microscopic convex structure.
In the embodiment, in the cluster structure, the number of the metal-containing compound particles having the fifth particle diameter is not particularly limited as long as the cluster structure can be formed, and the fifth particle diameter may be 1 to 10 μm.
In an embodiment, the first particle size and the third particle size may be the same or different from each other, and the second particle size, the fourth particle size, and the fifth particle size may be the same or different from each other. The particle size range of each particle can stabilize the preparation process, and the prepared composite material has the required porosity and microprotrusion structure and good strength.
In embodiments, the metal-containing compound particles may include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide. The above-described metal-containing compound particles can increase the strength of the composite material and/or the non-stick coating.
In embodiments, the metal particles comprise one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, mild steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy. The metal particles can increase the binding force with the non-stick cookware
In an embodiment, the composite further comprises a binder in an amount of 1wt% to 2wt% based on the total weight of the composite, wherein the first coating structure, the second coating structure and/or the cluster structure between the particles is achieved by the binder. 1-2 wt% of binder can play a good role in bonding between particles.
In an embodiment, the binder may include an alcohol-based binder and/or a cellulose-based binder, wherein the alcohol-based binder may include polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and the cellulose-based binder may include hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and/or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The alcohol-based binder and/or cellulose-based binder has a good binding property and can adhere the particles to each other well.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a composite material for a non-stick pan, the method comprising: preparing raw material powder; preparing raw material powder into slurry; spray drying the slurry to form powder particles; sintering the powder particles to obtain a composite material, wherein the raw material powder comprises at least one of metal particles and metal-containing compound particles. The composite material prepared by the method has the required porosity and microprotrusion structure and good strength.
In an embodiment, in the step of preparing a slurry, raw material powder is mixed into a solution to prepare a slurry of 20wt% to 70wt% of solid content, wherein the solution comprises 1wt% to 4wt% of a binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of a dispersing agent, 1wt% to 2wt% of a defoaming agent, and the balance of water, based on the total weight of the solution, wherein the binder comprises hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and/or polypropylene alcohol; the dispersing agent comprises citric acid and/or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid; the defoamer comprises polyether modified silicone oil and/or organic silicone oil. The binder is capable of making the particles adhere well to each other; the dispersing agent is capable of preventing sedimentation and agglomeration of the metal particles and/or metal-containing compound particles, suspending the metal particles and/or metal-containing compound particles in a solution to form a stable slurry; the defoaming agent can inhibit the foamability of the slurry, so that the slurry is uniform and stable.
In an embodiment, the method further comprises sieving the composite material such that the composite material has a particle size of 20 μm to 100 μm. The composite material with the particle size is not easy to block a powder feeding pipe in thermal spraying equipment, and the formed non-stick coating has no particle feel, small roughness and good appearance.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a non-stick pan is provided that includes a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, the non-stick coating comprising a composite material. The non-stick pan has lasting non-stick effect.
The composite material has the required porosity, the microprotrusion structure and good strength, and is sprayed on the surface of the pot to form the non-stick coating, and the non-stick coating has strong bonding force with the surface of the pot, is not easy to fall off and is not easy to scratch, so that the non-stick pot with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained.
Drawings
The above and/or other features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from and be readily appreciated by the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first cladding structure and a second cladding structure of a composite material according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the preparation of a composite material according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cluster structure of the composite material prepared in example 4.
Detailed Description
The embodiments will be described below to explain the present invention by referring to the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The composite material according to the present invention includes at least one of a first coating structure including metal particles having a first particle diameter and metal-containing compound particles having a second particle diameter coated (adhered or wrapped) on the outer surfaces of the metal particles, a second coating structure including metal-containing compound particles having a third particle diameter and metal-containing compound particles having a fourth particle diameter coated (adhered or wrapped) on the outer surfaces of the metal-containing compound particles having a third particle diameter, and a cluster structure including a cluster structure between the metal-containing compound particles having a fifth particle diameter, and the first particle diameter is larger than the second particle diameter and the third particle diameter is larger than the fourth particle diameter. The composite material having this configuration has the desired porosity and microprotrusion structure as well as good strength. The first cladding structure and the second cladding structure may refer to the schematic diagram shown in fig. 1.
The metal-containing compound particles may include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide, for example, preferably, the metal-containing compound particles may include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferric oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide.
In the present invention, the metal-containing compound material can be more conveniently and less expensively produced as fine particle powder, and therefore, the metal-containing compound particle-adhered metal particle or the structure of the metal-containing compound particle-adhered metal particle can be produced at lower cost. In addition, the metal compound-containing material has good strength, can prevent the non-stick coating from being scratched, and can prolong the service life of the non-stick coating.
The metal particles may include one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy. Preferably, the material of the metal particles may be substantially the same as the material of the pan substrate to be coated.
In the invention, the main function of the metal particles is to improve the binding force with the pan base material and prevent the non-stick coating from falling off. However, the metal particles themselves are less adhesive, which has a negative effect on the non-adhesion of the pot substrate, and therefore, the structure that the metal-containing compound particles adhere to the metal particles is adopted, so that more metal-containing compound particles adhere to the surfaces of the metal particles, more pores and microscopic bulge structures of the composite material are realized, and further, the composite material has good non-adhesion.
In an embodiment, in the first coating structure, the first particle diameter is at least 2 times the second particle diameter, the first particle diameter may be 10 to 40 μm, the second particle diameter may be 1 to 10 μm, and the number of metal-containing compound particles is at least 6 times the number of metal particles. That is, at least 6 small particles need to be adhered to the outer surface of each large particle, thereby ensuring that the composite material has good porosity and strength and thus good non-tackiness. When the ratio of the number of metal-containing compound particles to the number of metal particles is less than 6, the peripheral adhesion strength is small, so that the strength of the composite material is insufficient, and the problem of the reduction in the particle size of the powder occurs during transportation, production, etc., resulting in the reduction in the quality of the powder.
The metal particles may be present in an amount of up to 30wt%, e.g., up to 28wt%, up to 26wt%, up to 24wt%, up to 22wt%, up to 20wt%, up to 18wt%, up to 16wt%, up to 14wt%, up to 12wt%, and not less than 10wt%, based on the total weight of the composite. If the content of the metal particles is more than 30wt%, the composite material is not excellent in non-tackiness and cannot satisfy that the number of the metal-containing compound particles is at least 6 times as large as the number of the metal particles.
In an embodiment, in the second coating structure, the third particle diameter is at least 2 times the fourth particle diameter, the third particle diameter may be 10 to 40 μm, the fourth particle diameter may be 1 to 10 μm, and the number of metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter is at least 6 times the number of metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter. The metal-containing compound particles can increase the strength of the composite material and/or the non-stick coating, and the composite material having the above-described configuration has a desired porosity and microprotrusion structure and good strength. Further, the third particle diameter is at least 2 times as large as the fourth particle diameter, so that more metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter are attached to the surface of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter, thereby realizing more pores and a microscopic convex structure. The components of the metal-containing compound particles in the second coating structure may be the same as or different from each other.
The content of metal-containing compound particles having the third particle size may be up to 30wt%, e.g., up to 28wt%, up to 26wt%, up to 24wt%, up to 22wt%, up to 20wt%, up to 18wt%, up to 16wt%, up to 14wt%, up to 12wt%, and not less than 10wt%, based on the total weight of the composite material. If the content thereof is more than 30% by weight, the composite material is not excellent in non-tackiness and cannot satisfy that the number of the metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter is at least 6 times the number of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter.
In the embodiment, in the cluster structure, the fifth particle diameter of the metal-containing compound particles may be 1 to 10 μm, and the number of metal-containing compound particles having the fifth particle diameter is not particularly limited as long as the cluster structure can be formed. The components of the metal-containing compound particles in the cluster structure may be the same as each other or may be different from each other.
In an embodiment, the first particle size and the third particle size may be the same or different from each other, and the second particle size, the fourth particle size, and the fifth particle size may be the same or different from each other. The particle size range of each particle can stabilize the preparation process, and the prepared composite material has the required porosity and microprotrusion structure and good strength.
In addition, in order to impart good non-tackiness to the composite material, the projections (i.e., peaks) of the surface of the composite material may be controlled to not less than 2 μm (i.e., peak height is not less than 2 μm), in which case the composite material is cold-hot sprayed onto the surface of the pot, the surface of the formed non-tackiness coating also has projections (i.e., peak height is not less than 1 μm) of not less than 1 μm (in the case of cold-hot spraying the composite material, the projection height thereof may be reduced due to the influence of high-speed air flow), and the projection structure of not less than 1 μm may secure a certain non-tackiness.
Since the particle diameter of the metal-containing compound particles may range from 1 to 10. Mu.m, when the metal-containing compound particles having a particle diameter of less than 4 μm (i.e., small particles) are used for granulation into a composite material, at least 2 layers of the metal-containing compound particles need to be stacked to ensure that the projections on the surface of the composite material are not less than 2. Mu.m. In particular, when metal-containing compound particles having a particle diameter of less than 4 μm (i.e., small particles) are used for granulation into a composite material, the ratio of the number of small particles to the number of large particles (particle diameter range of 10 to 40 μm) is at least 6:1.
In an embodiment, the composite material may further comprise a binder in an amount of 1wt% to 2wt% based on the total weight of the composite material, wherein the first coating structure, the second coating structure and/or the cluster structure between the particles is achieved by the binder. 1-2 wt% of binder can play a good role in bonding between particles. The binder may include an alcohol-based binder and/or a cellulose-based binder. The alcohol-based binder may include polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and the cellulose-based binder may include hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and/or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The adhesive properties of the alcohol-based adhesive and the cellulose-based adhesive are good.
In an embodiment, the porosity of the composite material may be 5 to 30% in order to provide good non-tackiness to the composite material.
Hereinafter, a method of preparing the composite material will be described with reference to fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the method of preparing a composite material according to the present invention includes: a step S100 of preparing raw material powder; a step S200 of preparing raw material powder into slurry; a step S300 of spray-drying the slurry to form powder particles; and a step S400 of sintering the powder particles to obtain a composite material, wherein the raw material powder includes at least one of metal particles and metal-containing compound particles.
In step S100, the metal particles and/or the raw materials of the metal-containing compound particles used may be referred to as the above-described metal particles and/or raw materials of the metal-containing compound particles. Further, in step S100, grinding the metal particles and/or the metal-containing compound particles into particles having a predetermined particle diameter may be further included. During the grinding, the particle diameters of the obtained large particles (particle diameter range of 10 to 40 μm) were made as uniform as possible, and the particle diameters of the obtained small particles (particle diameter range of 1 to 10 μm) were made as uniform as possible.
In step S200, the raw material powder is mixed into a solution to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 20wt% to 70wt%, wherein the solution includes 1wt% to 4wt% of a binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of a dispersant, 1wt% to 2wt% of a defoaming agent, and the balance of water (e.g., deionized water) based on the weight of the solution.
The binder may be referred to as the binder described above. The content of the binder is controlled to be in the range of 1wt% to 4wt%, for example, in the range of 1.2wt% to 3.8wt%, 1.4wt% to 3.6wt%, 1.6wt% to 3.4wt%, 1.8wt% to 3.2 wt%. When the content of the binder is less than 1wt%, the binder is less than a certain proportion, and granulation of the composite material cannot be effectively performed; when the content of the binder is more than 4wt%, the binder occupies a relatively high proportion, and agglomeration after subsequent spray sintering is easily caused, so that the production efficiency is reduced.
The dispersant may be a conventional dispersant, including, for example, citric acid and/or triethylhexylphosphoric acid. The defoamer may be a conventional defoamer, including, for example, polyether modified silicone oil and/or silicone oil. The inclusion of dispersants and defoamers in the slurry can facilitate better dispersion of the materials and binder or eliminate air bubbles in the slurry.
The ratio of dispersant to defoamer is proportional to the ratio of binder, the higher the binder content, the higher the dispersant to defoamer content. Since the particle size of the powder particles is smaller, the smaller the particle size, the larger the surface area thereof in the powder particles of the same mass, and thus more binder is required.
Mixing the raw material powder with the solution to finally obtain the slurry with the solid content of 20-70 wt%. In the slurry, the more the liquid portion content is, the less the solid content is, but when the solid content is less than 20wt%, the granulating time is long and the cost is high; when the solid content is more than 70wt%, the solid content is more, and the liquid in the slurry is less, so that the subsequent spraying process cannot be stably performed, and the production stability is affected.
In the step S300, the slurry is conveyed to a high-speed liquid throwing disc with the speed of 6000-10000 revolutions per minute to form liquid drops, the liquid drops are blown into a drying tower with the temperature of 100-400 ℃ by hot air with the temperature of 60-100 ℃, and the liquid drops pass through 5-15 seconds in the descending process to form spherical and solid powder particles. The prepared powder particles have a first coating structure and/or a second coating structure, and in the process of preparing the powder particles with the first coating structure and/or the second coating structure, the rotating speed of the high-speed liquid throwing disc is required to be low.
In step S300, the slurry is delivered to a high-speed liquid-throwing disc at 6000-15000 rpm (e.g., 10000-15000 rpm) to form droplets, which are blown into a drying tower at 100-400 ℃ by hot air at 60-100 ℃ and pass through 5-15 seconds in the descending process to form spherical and solid powder particles. The prepared powder particles have a cluster structure, and in the process for preparing the powder particles with the cluster structure, the rotating speed of the high-speed liquid throwing disc is not particularly required, so long as the above conditions are satisfied.
In step S400, the powder particles after the spray drying are sintered to remove moisture in the powder particles, thereby forming a composite material. The sintering curve is formulated according to the physical properties of the raw material powder, the heating speed is generally 5-10 ℃ per minute, and the holding time is 3-10 hours. Because of the small particle size of the powder particles (granulated particles), the desired effect can be achieved both by a slow temperature rise rate (generally a temperature rise rate of 5-20 degrees/min for granulation) and a short incubation time (generally 3-30 hours).
The method further comprises screening the composite material such that the composite material has a particle size D 25 At least 20 μm, and the particle diameter D of the composite material 97 Less than 100 μm. In the step of screening, composite materials with different particle size ranges are screened according to requirements. In the finally produced composite material, the composite material has a structure in which a plurality of particles adhere to each other, and the particle size of the composite material is larger than that of the original powder particles.
After sieving the composite material, particle size D of the composite material 25 At least 20 μm, i.e. at most 25% by volume of the composite material has a particle size of less than 20 μm, and the particle size D of the composite material 97 Less than 100 μm, i.e. at least 97% by volume of the composite material has a particle size of less than 100 μm, i.e. at most 3% by volume of the composite material has a particle size of more than 100 μm. If the particle size of the composite material is more than 25% by volume and less than 20 μm, the fine powder particles have a large volume and are liable to cause clogging of a powder feeding tube in the thermal spraying apparatus. If more than 3% by volume of the composite material has a particle size of more than 100 μm, the formed non-stick coating has a strong granular feel when sprayed on the surface of a pot, and has a large roughness, resulting in poor appearance.
The non-stick pan comprises a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, wherein the non-stick coating comprises the composite material, and the substrate comprises iron and/or stainless steel. The surface of the non-stick coating has protrusions of at least 1 μm to ensure its non-stick properties.
The invention can make the surface of the composite material have the needed porosity and micro-bulge structure and make the composite material have good strength by selecting and controlling the particle size range of the particles and the specific gravity of the particles in the particle size range, and can simultaneously meet the basic requirements of cold and hot spraying, such as powder feeding, surface roughness and the like.
The composite material has the required porosity, the microprotrusion structure and good strength, and is sprayed on the surface of the pot to form the non-stick coating, and the non-stick coating has strong bonding force with the surface of the pot, is not easy to fall off and is not easy to scratch, so that the non-stick pot with lasting non-stick effect can be obtained.
The method of preparing a composite material according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Titanium metal powder was ground into titanium particles having an average particle diameter of 40 μm, titanium oxide powder was ground into titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 10 μm, and the titanium particles and the titanium oxide particles were mixed into a solution at a weight ratio of 8:1 to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 40wt%, wherein the solution comprised 2wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1wt% of citric acid and 2wt% of polyether-modified silicone oil, and the balance was deionized water. And (3) conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 8000 rpm to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 300 ℃ by hot air at 70 ℃, and forming spherical powder particles after 10 seconds of the liquid drops in the descending process. The powder particles were sintered at a temperature rising rate of 7 degrees celsius/min for a holding time of 6 hours, and the sintered powder particles were sieved to obtain a composite material. The average particle size of the composite material was 70. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 40 μm.
The tack free coating was tested for initial tack free grade I and a Vickers hardness of 583Hv.
Initial tack-free test method: the method for testing the non-tackiness of the omelette in GB/T32095.2-2015 is an initial non-tackiness test, and the test results are classified into grade I, grade II and grade III, wherein the non-tackiness of the grade I is optimal, and the non-tackiness of the grade III is worst.
Vickers hardness test method: testing the hardness of the coating by using a Vickers hardness tester; the higher the value, the higher the hardness.
Example 2
A composite material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that stainless steel particles having an average particle diameter of 10 μm and iron oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 μm were added to the above solution in a weight ratio of 5:1. The average particle size of the composite material was 70. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 40 μm.
The tack free coating was tested for initial tack free grade I and a Vickers hardness of 432Hv.
Example 3
A composite material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 10 μm and titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 μm were added to the above-described solution in a weight ratio of 1:1. The average particle size of the composite material was 70. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 40 μm.
The tack free coating was tested for initial tack free grade I and a Vickers hardness of 682Hv.
Example 4
A composite material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 μm and aluminum oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 5 μm were added to the above-described solution in a weight ratio of 1:1. The average particle size of the composite material was 70. Mu.m. The composite material was sprayed on the surface of the pot to form a non-stick coating with a thickness of 40 μm. A scanning electron micrograph of the final prepared composite may be as shown in figure 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the composite material was prepared to have a cluster structure.
The tack free coating was tested for initial tack free grade I and a Vickers hardness of 623Hv.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined not by the specific embodiments of the invention but by the claims, and all differences within the scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A composite material for a non-stick cookware, the composite material comprising a combination of a first cladding structure, a second cladding structure, and a cluster structure,
the first coating structure includes metal particles having a first particle size and metal-containing compound particles having a second particle size coated on the outer surface of the metal particles, the first particle size being larger than the second particle size,
the second coating structure includes metal-containing compound particles having a third particle size and metal-containing compound particles having a fourth particle size coated on the outer surfaces of the metal-containing compound particles having the third particle size, the third particle size being larger than the fourth particle size,
the cluster structure includes a cluster structure between metal-containing compound particles having a fifth particle diameter,
wherein the first particle size is 10-40 μm, the second particle size is 1-10 μm, the third particle size is 10-40 μm, the fourth particle size is 1-10 μm,
wherein the metal-containing compound particles include one or more of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide,
the metal particles comprise one or more of titanium, titanium alloy, iron, stainless steel, low carbon steel, high carbon steel, cast iron, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel and nickel alloy,
wherein in the second coating structure, the third particle diameter is at least 2 times the fourth particle diameter, and the number of metal-containing compound particles having the fourth particle diameter is at least 6 times the number of metal-containing compound particles having the third particle diameter,
wherein the porosity of the composite material is 5-30%, the convexity of the surface of the composite material is not less than 2 μm,
wherein the composite material has a structure in which a plurality of particles are adhered to each other, a first coating structure, a second coating structure, and a cluster structure between the particles are achieved by a binder, and
wherein the particle diameter D of the composite material 25 At least 20 μm, and the particle diameter D of the composite material 97 Less than 100 μm.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein in the first coating structure, the first particle size is at least 2 times the second particle size and the number of metal-containing compound particles is at least 6 times the number of metal particles.
3. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the fifth particle size is 1-10 μm.
4. The composite of claim 1, wherein the binder is present in an amount of 1wt% to 2wt%, based on the total weight of the composite.
5. The composite material according to claim 4, wherein the binder comprises an alcohol binder and/or a cellulose binder,
wherein the alcohol binder comprises polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol, and
wherein the cellulose binder comprises hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and/or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
6. A method of preparing the composite material for a non-stick pan according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising the steps of:
preparing raw material powder;
preparing raw material powder into slurry;
spray drying the slurry to form powder particles;
sintering the powder particles to obtain a composite material,
wherein the raw material powder includes metal particles and metal-containing compound particles.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in the step of preparing the slurry, the raw material powder is mixed into a solution to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 20wt% to 70wt%, wherein the solution comprises 1wt% to 4wt% of a binder, 0.5wt% to 1wt% of a dispersant, 1wt% to 2wt% of a defoaming agent, and the balance water based on the total weight of the solution,
wherein the binder comprises hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and/or polypropylene alcohol;
the dispersing agent comprises citric acid and/or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid;
the defoamer comprises polyether modified silicone oil and/or organic silicone oil.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising sieving the composite material such that the composite material has a particle size of 20-100 μm.
9. A non-stick pan comprising a substrate and a non-stick coating sprayed on the substrate, the non-stick coating comprising the composite material of any one of claims 1-5.
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| WO2023020629A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-02-23 | 宁波市星陶新材料科技有限公司 | Composite material for cooker, preparation method for composite material, and cooker |
| CN115413924B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-02-13 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Composite material for non-stick cookware, method for producing same, and non-stick cookware |
| WO2024098743A1 (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | 浙江三禾厨具有限公司 | Cookware that achieves non-stick effect by means of pure inorganic structural layer, and manufacturing method therefor |
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