CN114210967B - Thermal spraying material, preparation method thereof, coating and cooker comprising coating - Google Patents
Thermal spraying material, preparation method thereof, coating and cooker comprising coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN114210967B CN114210967B CN202111550460.8A CN202111550460A CN114210967B CN 114210967 B CN114210967 B CN 114210967B CN 202111550460 A CN202111550460 A CN 202111550460A CN 114210967 B CN114210967 B CN 114210967B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BSWXAWQTMPECAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6,6-diethyloctyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(CC)CCCCCOP(O)(O)=O BSWXAWQTMPECAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The present inventive concept provides a thermal spray material, a method of preparing the same, and a coating layer formed thereof, the thermal spray material including composite particles including a first material, a second material, and a binder, the first material and the second material being combined by the binder, the second material having a melting point higher than that of the first material. The coating prepared by the preparation method of the thermal spraying material of the invention can have excellent coating hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, thereby being capable of improving the service life of the coating.
Description
Technical Field
The present inventive concept belongs to the technical field of coatings, and more particularly, to a thermal spray material, a method of preparing the same, a coating formed therefrom, and a cooker including the coating.
Background
The coating is a film formed on the surface of the substrate by the coating, and can realize the functions of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. Thermal spraying is a common method of forming a coating layer, and is a process of heating a metal or nonmetal material to a molten state using a certain heat source (such as an arc, plasma spraying, or combustion flame, etc.), then spraying the molten state material onto a substrate surface at a certain speed by high pressure, and forming a surface coating layer having various functions through deposition.
In the field of cookers, particularly woks, a hard turner and the like are often required to be used for stir-frying, so that if the hardness of the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the iron pan is not high or wear-resistant, the anti-corrosion coating can be easily damaged or worn, and the service life of the anti-corrosion coating is greatly reduced. The solution currently in common use is to form an anti-corrosion, wear-resistant coating by spraying using a material with high hardness, corrosion resistance.
The heat sources used in conventional thermal spraying often fail to achieve the melting point of some high melting point materials or require higher process costs to achieve the melting point of these high melting point materials. Therefore, some materials having high hardness, corrosion resistance (such as high melting point metals or ceramics) cannot be melted in a general thermal spraying process, so that it is difficult to apply, thereby greatly limiting the range of materials that can be used for thermal spraying. Therefore, how to apply materials with high melting point, but capable of imparting high hardness, corrosion resistance to the coating in a thermal spray process is a problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, the present inventive concept provides a thermal spray material, a method of preparing the same, a coating layer formed therefrom, and a cooker including the same.
According to an aspect of the inventive concept, there is provided a thermal spray material including composite particles including a first material, a second material, and a binder, the first material and the second material being combined by the binder, a melting point of the second material being higher than a melting point of the first material.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the first material may include at least one of titanium, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the second material may include AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, and AT composite material.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
According to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the mass ratio of the second material to the first material may be in the range of 1:9 to 3:7.
According to another aspect of the inventive concept, there is provided a method of preparing a thermal spray material, the method comprising: providing a first material, a second material, and a binder; preparing a binder into a slurry, and mixing a first material, a second material, and the slurry including the binder to obtain a slurry; and spray drying the slurry to obtain a thermal spray material comprising composite particles, wherein the second material has a melting point higher than that of the first material.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the first material may include AT least one of titanium, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, the second material may include AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material, and the binder may include AT least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the particle size of each of the first material and the second material may be in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm.
According to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the mass ratio of the second material to the first material may be in the range of 1:9 to 3:7.
According to yet another aspect of the inventive concept, there is provided a coating prepared by the above thermal spray material.
According to still another aspect of the inventive concept, there is provided a cooker including a substrate and the above-described coating layer formed on a surface of the substrate.
With the above brief description of the inventive concept, the coating prepared by the thermal spray material and the method of preparing the same according to the present invention may have excellent coating hardness as well as wear resistance and corrosion resistance, thereby being capable of improving the service life of the coating.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments according to the inventive concept will be described in detail below to explain the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The inventive concept provides a thermal spray material that can improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance of a coating layer and can be applied to a thermal spray process. The thermal spray material according to the present inventive concept may include a plurality of composite particles, and the composite particles may have various three-dimensional shapes such as a sphere, an oval sphere, a cube, a polygonal prism, a cone, a rod, and the like. Preferably, the composite particles in the thermal spray material of the present invention may have a substantially spherical morphology.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the composite particle may include a first material, a second material, and a binder. Here, the first material and the second material may be combined by the binder, thereby forming composite particles.
According to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, each of the first material and the second material may exist in a form such as particles, and may have various three-dimensional shapes such as sphere, oval sphere, cube, polygonal prism, cone, bar, etc. Preferably, each of the first particles and the second particles may have a substantially spherical morphology. Since the first material and the second material are bonded together by the binder, the formed composite particles may have various shapes.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the first material may include a material having a relatively low melting point, and the second material may include a material having a relatively high melting point, and the second material may have a melting point higher than that of the first material. According to an exemplary embodiment, the first material may include AT least one of, for example, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy, and the second material may include AT least one of, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite. Here, the AT composite is a composite of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide, but is not a simple physical mixture of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide. For example, the preparation process of the black titanium oxide is to obtain the black titanium oxide after electrofusion electrolysis of titanium dioxide, while the preparation process of the AT composite material can be to firstly uniformly mix aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide simply and physically, and then carry out electrofusion electrolysis, and the obtained composite material has a structure of the black titanium oxide and aluminum oxide which are connected together. Accordingly, one skilled in the art may select an appropriate AT composite material according to the prior art, to which the inventive concept is not limited.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, each of the first material and the second material may have a particle size ranging from 10 μm to 50 μm. When the particle size is smaller than 10 mu m, the composite particles formed by combining the first material and the second material are smaller due to the smaller size of the materials, and the technical problems of gun blockage and the like are easy to occur during spraying; when the particle size is larger than 50 mu m, composite particles formed by combining the first material and the second material are larger due to larger material size, so that the appearance of a coating formed by the thermal spraying material is rough, and the use experience is affected.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, an adhesive may be attached (e.g., coated) on at least part of the surfaces of the first material and the second material to bond the first material and the second material together. Since the first material and the second material are bonded together via the binder to form the composite particle of the present inventive concept, the composite particle of the present inventive concept may have various shapes in which the first material and the second material are bonded together via the binder by a plurality of the same or different shapes, and the number and arrangement of the first material and the second material in a single composite particle are not particularly limited as long as they are bonded into the composite particle by the binder, to which the present inventive concept is not limited. Here, the expression "at least part of the surface" may include a case where the first material and the second material may not be completely covered by the adhesive but may be partially exposed.
According to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, as described above, the binder is used to bond the first material and the second material together, and thus, the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. According to an exemplary embodiment, the cellulose-based binder may include at least one of cellulose-based binders such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, etc., and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate alcohol, or other higher alcohol-based binders having six or more carbon atoms.
According to exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the particle size of the composite particles formed by combining the first material and the second material by the binder may be in the range of 20 μm to 150 μm. In this particle size range, the coating layer can be smoothly formed by a spray process, and in the spray process, a proper amount of the first material can be melted to form a continuous phase as a main body of the coating layer, and unmelted second material can be distributed in the material of the first material of the continuous phase, thereby achieving the effect of improving the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the coating layer. In addition, the formed coating has uniform and fine appearance and good appearance. The thermal spray material of the present inventive concept was described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments, and hereinafter, a method of preparing the thermal spray material will be described in connection with specific examples.
The method of preparing a thermal spray material according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include: providing a first material, a second material, and a binder; preparing a binder into a slurry, and mixing the first material, the second material, and the slurry including the binder to obtain a slurry including composite particles; and (3) spray drying the slurry.
Providing a first material, a second material and an adhesive
According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, the first material may include a material having a relatively low melting point, and the second material may include a material having a relatively high melting point. Examples of the first material may include AT least one of, for example, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, and examples of the second material may include AT least one of, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material.
In addition, the first material and the second material may each have various three-dimensional shapes, such as a sphere, an elliptic sphere, a cube, a polygonal prism, a cone, a rod, and the like. Preferably, both the first material and the second material may have a substantially spherical morphology. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of each of the first material and the second material may be in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm. In order to obtain the particle size within the above range, or in order to make the particle sizes of the first material and the second material provided not greatly differ from each other to facilitate the subsequent processes of pulping and spraying, etc., the step of providing the first material and the second material according to the exemplary embodiment may further include a step of grinding the first material and the second material. Here, the grinding may include wet grinding or dry grinding. However, the exemplary embodiment is not limited thereto, and the grinding step may be omitted.
The binder according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. According to an exemplary embodiment, the cellulose-based binder may include at least one of cellulose-based binders such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, etc., and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate alcohol, or other higher alcohol-based binders having six or more carbon atoms. As described above, the thermal spraying material according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept includes composite particles prepared from a first material having a relatively low melting point and a second material having a relatively high melting point. Thus, in a thermal spraying process, a first material having a relatively low melting point may be easily melted under the heating of a heat source, and a second material which is more difficult to melt may be wrapped in the material of the melted first material, thereby being sprayed onto the surface of the substrate together with the material of the melted first material to form a coating layer. In the finally formed coating, the high-melting-point second material is inlaid in the material of the low-melting-point first material, so that the effects of improving the hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the like of the coating are realized. Therefore, the thermal spraying material can be used as a thermal spraying raw material, and a material with a higher melting point but capable of enhancing the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating can be utilized without a very high spraying temperature.
Preparation of the slurry
After providing the first material, the second material, and the binder, a slurry may be prepared with the binder, and the first material and the second material may be mixed with the slurry to prepare the slurry.
The slurry according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include a binder, a dispersant, a defoamer, and deionized water. Here, as described above, the binder may include a cellulose-based binder, an alcohol-based binder, etc., the defoaming agent may be polyether-modified silicone oil or organic silicone oil, and the dispersing agent may be citric acid or triethylhexyl phosphoric acid. However, the inventive concept is not limited to the components of the defoamer and the dispersant, and since the dispersant and the defoamer are used as the auxiliary agent in order to more uniformly disperse the first material and the second material in the slurry, a person skilled in the art may select an appropriate auxiliary agent according to the related art, and the components of the auxiliary agent are not limited to the above-described defoamer and dispersant.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the slurry may include, in weight percent, 0.1% to 2% of a binder, 0.05% to 1% of a dispersant, 0.1% to 2% of a defoamer, and the balance deionized water.
When the slurry is prepared, the first material and the second material (i.e., the first material accounts for 70wt% to 90wt% of the total mass of the first material and the second material) may be uniformly mixed with the slurry in a mass ratio ranging from 7:3 to 9:1 to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 20% to 70% (i.e., the mass of the first material and the second material accounts for 20wt% to 70wt% of the mass of the slurry). This is because: when the mass ratio of the solid is less than 20wt%, the granulating time is longer, and the process cost is higher; in contrast, when the mass ratio of the solids is more than 70wt%, the solids content is high, the liquid content in the slurry is small, the subsequent spraying process cannot be performed stably, and the production stability is affected.
Spray drying
After the slurry is prepared, the slurry may be subjected to a spray drying process. For example, the slurry obtained in the above step may be fed to a high-speed liquid-throwing disc of 6000 rpm to 15000 rpm, and thrown out by the high-speed rotating liquid-throwing disc to form droplets. The droplets may then be blown into a drying tower at a temperature of from 100 ℃ to 400 ℃ using hot air at a temperature of from 80 ℃ to 100 ℃ and allowed to fall during the descent for a residence time of from 5 seconds to 30 seconds to form substantially spherical composite particles of the first and second materials bonded together via the binder.
After spray drying, a plurality of composite particles can be obtained. However, the composite particles at this time may have moisture present therein, and thus, in order to remove the moisture present therein, the method of preparing the thermal spray material according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may further include a sintering step after spray drying. Here, the sintering curve may be formulated according to physical properties of the materials of the first material and the second material, the initial temperature may be 20 to 30 ℃, the temperature rising rate may be 5 to 20 ℃/min, the final temperature may be 150 to 200 ℃, and the holding time may be 3 to 30 hours. However, the exemplary embodiment is not limited thereto, and the sintering step may be omitted.
After the steps, the obtained composite particles can be screened to screen out thermal spraying materials with different particle size ranges according to the needs.
According to an exemplary embodiment, after the spray material according to the inventive concept is obtained, a coating layer may be formed on a substrate surface (e.g., an inner surface and/or an outer surface) of the cooker by a spray process known in the art using a spray material of a suitable particle size range. Here, the inventive concept is not limited to the setting of the individual process parameters involved in the spray coating process. That is, one skilled in the art can reasonably select a spray process and determine various parameters involved in the spray process within the scope of the prior art based on the inventive concept. The particle size of the composite particles forming the coating layer according to the inventive concept may be in the range of 20 μm to 150 μm.
According to an exemplary embodiment, in the coating layer formed of the thermal spray material of the inventive concept, the ratio of the first material in the total mass of the first material and the second material may be in the range of 70wt% to 90 wt%. Since the high-melting-point second materials are not melted in the thermal spraying process, pores are formed between the high-melting-point second materials, and when the mass ratio of the first materials is less than 70wt%, the high-melting-point second materials are more, and the pores between the high-melting-point second materials are more, so that the corrosion resistance of the coating is reduced; however, when the mass ratio of the first material is higher than 90wt%, the second material having a high melting point is too small to sufficiently function to improve the hardness, abrasion resistance, and the like of the coating.
Further, although the ratio of the first material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the finally formed coating layer is 70wt% to 90wt%, it is understood that the mass ratio of the first material in the single composite particle may not be limited by the above range. That is, the ratio of the first material to the total mass of the first material and the second material in a single composite particle may be less than 70wt% or more than 90wt% as long as the ratio of the first material to the total mass of the first material and the second material in the finally formed coating layer is 70wt% to 90wt% and the ratio of the first material to the total mass of the first material and the second material in most composite particles is 70wt% to 90 wt%.
As described above, the thermal spray material according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes composite particles prepared from a first material having a relatively low melting point and a second material having a relatively high melting point. Thus, in a thermal spraying process, a first material having a relatively low melting point may be easily melted under the heating of a heat source, and a second material which is more difficult to melt may be wrapped in the material of the melted first material, thereby being sprayed onto the surface of the substrate together with the material of the melted first material to form a coating layer. In the finally formed coating, the high-melting-point second material is inlaid in the material of the low-melting-point first material, so that the effects of improving the hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the like of the coating are realized. Therefore, the thermal spraying material can be used as a thermal spraying raw material, and a material with a higher melting point but capable of enhancing the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating can be utilized without a very high spraying temperature.
Hereinafter, the advantageous effects of the inventive concept will be described in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
Copper particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm are provided as a first material and molybdenum particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm are provided as a second material. 1wt% of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.5wt% of citric acid, 1wt% of polyether modified silicone oil, and 97.5wt% of deionized water were mixed to prepare a slurry containing a hydroxymethyl cellulose binder. The first material and the second material in a mass ratio of 8:2 were then mixed with the above slurry to prepare a slurry having a solids content of 45 wt%. The slurry is conveyed to a high-speed liquid throwing disc with 10000 revolutions per minute to form drops, the drops are blown into a drying tower with the temperature of 250 ℃ by hot air with the temperature of 90 ℃, and the drops stay for about 20 seconds in the descending process to form particles. The above pellets were sintered at an initial temperature of 25℃and a heating rate of 12.5℃per minute and a final temperature of 180℃for 16.5 hours. The sintered particles were then sieved to obtain a thermal spray material comprising composite particles having an average particle size of 80 μm.
The thermal spraying material is sprayed on the inner surface of the pot through a thermal spraying process to form a coating with the thickness of 120 mu m. Here, the process parameters of thermal spraying are: current flow: 350A; voltage: 55V; main gas (argon) flow: 2200L/H; hydrogen flow rate: 50L/H; powder feeding air pressure: 400L/H; powder feeding amount: 55g/min; spray distance (distance of gun nozzle from workpiece): 18cm; spray angle: 60 °; workpiece temperature: at 25℃a coating layer having a thickness of 120 μm was finally formed.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of the first material to the second material is 72:28.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of the first material to the second material is 88:12.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the first material is made of an aluminum material having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm and the second material is made of titanium nitride having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the average particle size of the first material is about 10 μm and the average particle size of the second material is about 10 μm.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the average particle size of the first material is about 50 μm and the average particle size of the second material is about 50 μm.
Comparative example 1
Copper material having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm was provided as a thermal spray material, which was sprayed on the inner surface of a pot by the thermal spray process of example 1 to form a coating layer having a thickness of 120 μm.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of the first material to the second material is 6:4.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the mass ratio of the first material to the second material is 49:1.
Then, the coatings of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3 described above were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1.
Specifically, the test conditions were:
1. rust prevention test: referring to the corrosion resistance test method of the plating pot in GB/T32432, the longer the time is, the better the corrosion resistance is, and the recording is carried out once at 0.5H;
2. hardness testing: the vickers hardness meter measures the hardness of the coating;
TABLE 1
| Example | Rust protection test | Hardness test |
| Example 1 | 9H | 331Hv |
| Example 2 | 7.5H | 438Hv |
| Example 3 | 10H | 235Hv |
| Example 4 | 8.5H | 324Hv |
| Example 5 | 12H | 338Hv |
| Example 6 | 5H | 338Hv |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.5H | 116Hv |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.5H | 459Hv |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.5H | 126Hv |
According to the inventive concept, a suitable range for rust inhibitive test is not less than 4H, and a suitable range for hardness is not less than 200Hv.
As can be seen from table 1, the coating hardness as well as the abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance of examples 1 to 6 are largely within the appropriate ranges.
Among them, the coating rust inhibitive test result of example 2 was 7.5H, which is lower than 9H of example 1, because in example 2, the content of the high melting point second material was more, and the voids between the unmelted second materials were also more, which resulted in a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the coating. The coating hardness of example 3 was 235Hv lower than 331Hv of example 1, because the content of the high melting point second material was small in example 3, and the effect of improving the coating hardness was not sufficiently exhibited.
The corrosion resistance, hardness and anti-drop properties of the coating of example 4 are not very different from those of example 1. This illustrates that coatings prepared by the spray materials of the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept can have good coating hardness as well as wear and corrosion resistance for different coating materials.
The corrosion resistance and hardness of the coatings of example 5 and example 6 both meet the requirements of the appropriate range. From this, it can be seen that when the average particle diameters of the first material and the second material are 10 μm to 50 μm, the coating layer formed by spraying the spray material prepared therefrom can have good coating stress and coating strength.
Comparative example 1 uses only copper as the thermal spray material, and the corrosion resistance and hardness of the coating formed thereof are outside the appropriate ranges.
The hardness of the coating of comparative example 2 satisfies the requirement, but the corrosion resistance of the coating of comparative example 2 is poor because the content of the high melting point second material therein is excessive, and the voids between the unmelted second material in the coating are also large, which results in a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the coating.
The coating of comparative example 3 is inferior in corrosion resistance and hardness because the content of the second material having a high melting point is too small to sufficiently function to improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of the coating.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3 above, the spray coating materials provided by the inventive concept and the preparation method thereof prepared coatings have excellent coating hardness as well as abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention; modifications and equivalent substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A thermal spray material, characterized in that the thermal spray material comprises composite particles comprising a first material, a second material and a binder, the first material and the second material being bonded by the binder,
the second material has a melting point higher than the melting point of the first material,
the first material comprises at least one of titanium, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel, and nickel alloy,
the second material comprises AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material,
the mass ratio of the second material to the first material is in the range of 1:9 to 3:7,
the particle size of each of the first material and the second material is in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm,
the particle diameter of the composite particles is in the range of 20-150 mu m.
2. The thermal spray material of claim 1, wherein the binder comprises at least one of a cellulosic binder and an alcoholic binder.
3. A method of preparing a thermal spray material, the method comprising:
providing a first material, a second material, and a binder;
preparing the binder into slurry, and mixing the first material, the second material and the slurry including the binder to obtain slurry; and
spray drying the slurry to obtain a thermal spray material comprising composite particles,
wherein the melting point of the second material is higher than the melting point of the first material,
wherein the first material comprises at least one of titanium, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy,
wherein the second material comprises AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide and AT composite material,
the mass ratio of the second material to the first material is in the range of 1:9 to 3:7,
the particle size of each of the first material and the second material is in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm,
the particle diameter of the composite particles is in the range of 20-150 mu m.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of,
the binder includes at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
5. A coating layer, characterized in that the coating layer is formed by a thermal spraying method using the thermal spraying material according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
6. A cookware comprising a substrate and the coating of claim 5 formed on a surface of the substrate.
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