CN114231878A

CN114231878A - Spray coating material, preparation method thereof, coating and cooker comprising coating

Info

Publication number: CN114231878A
Application number: CN202111551672.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明; 李超; 瞿义生; 袁华庭
Original assignee: Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Supor Cookware Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-17
Filing date: 2021-12-17
Publication date: 2022-03-25

Abstract

The present inventive concept provides a spray material including composite particles including a first material, a second material, and a binder, wherein the first material and the second material are combined by the binder, and a hardness of the second material is less than a hardness of the first material, a method of preparing the same, and a coating layer formed therefrom. The coating provided according to the inventive concept may have excellent coating stress and coating strength, thereby enabling an increase in the service life of the coating.

Description

Spray coating material, preparation method thereof, coating and cooker comprising coating

Technical Field

The present inventive concept belongs to the technical field of coatings, and more particularly, to a spray material for reducing coating stress, a method of preparing the same, a coating formed therefrom, and a cooker including the coating.

Background

The coating is a film formed by the coating on the surface of the substrate, and can realize the functions of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. The most common method for forming a coating layer is a spray coating method, which is a coating method of dispersing a coating material into uniform and fine droplets by a spray gun by means of pressure or centrifugal force and applying the droplets to the surface of a substrate, and can be classified into cold spray coating and thermal spray coating.

In some cases, cold and hot spraying are needed to prepare thicker coatings to achieve the functions of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. However, when the prepared coating is thick, the stress of the coating is large, the problems of coating collapse, cracking and the like are easy to occur, and the service life of the coating is influenced. A common solution is to use multiple layers of coatings, for example, after spraying a layer of the desired functional coating, a layer of flexible material is sprayed thereon as a transition layer, and then a layer of the desired functional coating is sprayed on the transition layer, thereby reducing the coating stress in the case of thicker coatings.

However, the above-described scheme has the following problems: 1) the spraying efficiency is low because multiple times of spraying are needed and multiple spraying tools are needed; 2) although the transition layer formed by the flexible material in the coating can reduce the stress of the whole coating, the use requirement cannot be met. Therefore, how to reduce the stress of the coating without affecting the strength of the coating is a problem to be solved in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art, the inventive concept provides a spray material, a method of preparing the same, a coating layer formed therefrom, and a cooker including the coating layer.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a spray material including composite particles including a first material, a second material, and a binder, wherein the first material and the second material are bonded by the binder, and a hardness of the second material is less than a hardness of the first material.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first material may include AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second material may include at least one of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, nickel, a nickel alloy, a nickel-chromium-aluminum alloy, and a nickel-clad-aluminum material.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the second material to the first material may be 1:19 to 1: 4.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a spray material including composite particles, the method including: providing a first material, a second material and a binder; preparing a binder into a slurry and mixing the first material, the second material and the slurry comprising the binder to obtain a slurry; and spray drying the slurry to obtain the composite particles, wherein the hardness of the second material is less than the hardness of the first material.

According to an example embodiment of the present invention, the first material may include AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, stainless steel, carbon steel, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, an AT composite material, and the second material may include AT least one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, nickel-chromium-aluminum alloy, and nickel-clad aluminum material, and the binder may include AT least one of cellulose-based binder and alcohol-based binder.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameters of the first material and the second material may range from 10 μm to 50 μm.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coating layer formed by a cold spray or a thermal spray method using the above spray material.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cooker including a base material and the above-described coating layer formed on a surface of the base material.

Through the above brief description of the inventive concept, the coating layer prepared by the spray material and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention may have excellent coating stress and coating strength, thereby being capable of improving the service life of the coating layer.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments according to the inventive concept will be described in detail below to explain the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

The spray material provided by the inventive concept may include composite particles, each of which may include a first material, a second material, and a binder. Here, the first material and the second material may be combined by the binder, thereby forming the composite particle.

According to exemplary embodiments, each of the first and second materials may be present in a form such as particles, and may have various three-dimensional shapes such as a sphere, an ellipsoid, a cube, a polygonal prism, a cone, a rod, and the like. Preferably, each of the first and second materials may have a substantially spherical morphology. Since the first material and the second material are bonded together by the binder, the formed composite particles may also have various three-dimensional shapes such as a spherical shape, an ellipsoidal shape, a cubic shape, a polygonal column shape, a conical shape, a rod shape, and the like. Preferably, the composite particles in the spray material of the present invention may have a substantially spherical morphology.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first material may include a conventional material used to form a coating layer having functions of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., such as AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material. Here, the AT composite is a composite of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide, but is not a simple physical mixture of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide. For example, the black titanium oxide is prepared by subjecting titanium dioxide to electric smelting electrolysis to obtain black titanium oxide, and the AT composite material is prepared by simply and physically mixing alumina and titanium dioxide, and subjecting the mixture to electric smelting electrolysis to obtain a composite material structure of black titanium oxide and alumina connected together. Accordingly, one skilled in the art may select a suitable AT composite based on the prior art, and the inventive concept is not so limited.

According to an example embodiment of the present invention, the second material may include a flexible material, at least one of a metal material such as aluminum, nickel, an alloy material such as an aluminum alloy, a nickel alloy (e.g., nichrome alloy), a clad material such as a nickel-clad aluminum material, and the like. In addition, the hardness of the second material is less than the hardness of the first material.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameters of the first material and the second material may range from 10 μm to 50 μm. When the particle size is smaller than 10 mu m, the composite material formed by combining the first material and the second material is smaller due to smaller size, and the process problems such as gun blockage and the like are easy to occur during spraying; when the particle size is larger than 50 μm, the composite material formed by combining the first material and the second material is larger due to the larger size, so that the appearance of the coating formed by using the spray coating material is rough, and the use experience is influenced.

Further, the number and arrangement of the first material and the second material in a single composite material are not particularly limited. As long as they are combined into composite particles by a binder.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive may be attached (e.g., coated) on at least a portion of the surfaces of the first and second materials to bond the first and second materials together. Since the first material and the second material are bonded together via the adhesive to form the composite material of the inventive concept, the composite material of the inventive concept may have various shapes that are bonded together via the adhesive by a plurality of the same or different shaped first and second materials, and the inventive concept is not limited thereto. Here, the expression "at least part of the surface" may include a case where the first material and the second material may not be completely covered with the adhesive but may be partially exposed.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as described above, the binder is used to bind the first material and the second material together, and thus may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. According to an exemplary embodiment, the cellulose-based binder may include at least one of cellulose-based binders such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and the like, and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyallyl alcohol, or other higher alcohol-based binders having six or more carbon atoms.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a particle diameter of a composite material formed by combining the first material and the second material by the binder may be in a range of 20 μm to 150 μm. Within the particle size range, the coating can be smoothly formed through a spraying process, in the spraying process, appropriate amounts of the first material and the second material can be melted, the melted first material forms a continuous phase as a main body of the coating, the melted second material is distributed in the first material of the continuous phase, the spraying process is easy to form high porosity due to high hardness of the first material, and the second material is lower in hardness than the first material, and the second material has higher fluidity under the same spraying process condition, so that the second material can be filled in pores formed by the first material, can absorb stress released in the spraying process of the first material, and further can reduce stress of the whole coating. In addition, the formed coating has uniform and fine appearance and good appearance. The spray material of the present inventive concept has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments, and hereinafter, a method of preparing the spray material will be described with reference to specific examples.

The method of preparing a spray material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include: providing a first material, a second material and a binder; preparing a binder into a slurry, and mixing the first material, the second material and the slurry including the binder to obtain a slurry including a composite material; and spray drying the slurry.

Providing a first material, a second material and a binder

The first material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a conventional material used to form a coating, such as AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material.

The second material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a flexible material, at least one of a metal material such as aluminum, nickel, an alloy material such as an aluminum alloy, a nickel alloy (e.g., nichrome-aluminum alloy), a clad material such as a nickel-clad aluminum material, and the like. The hardness of the second material is less than the hardness of the first material.

The first and second materials may have various three-dimensional shapes such as spherical, ellipsoidal, cubic, polygonal-prism, conical, rod-like, and the like. Preferably, the first material and the second material may have a substantially spherical morphology. In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each of the first material and the second material may have a particle diameter in a range of 10 μm to 50 μm. In order to obtain the particle size within the above range, or in order to provide the first material and the second material with particle sizes that are not greatly different from each other to facilitate subsequent processes such as pulping and spraying, the step of providing the first material and the second material according to an exemplary embodiment may further include the step of grinding the first material and the second material. Here, the grinding may include wet grinding or dry grinding. However, the exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto, and the grinding step may be omitted.

The binder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. According to an exemplary embodiment, the cellulose-based binder may include at least one of cellulose-based binders such as hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and the like, and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyallyl alcohol, or other higher alcohol-based binders.

Preparation of the slurry

After providing the first material, the second material, and the binder, a slurry may be prepared using the binder, and the first material and the second material may be mixed with the slurry to prepare the slurry.

A slurry according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept may include a binder, a dispersant, an antifoaming agent, and deionized water. Here, as described above, the binder may include a cellulose-based binder, an alcohol-based binder, etc., the defoaming agent may be polyether-modified silicone oil or organic silicone oil, and the dispersing agent may be citric acid or triethylhexylphosphoric acid. However, the inventive concept is not limited to the components of the antifoaming agent and the dispersing agent, and since the dispersing agent and the antifoaming agent are used as the auxiliary agent in order to more uniformly disperse the first material and the second material in the slurry, a person skilled in the art can select a suitable auxiliary agent according to the prior art, and the components of the auxiliary agent are not limited to the antifoaming agent and the dispersing agent described above.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the slurry includes, in weight percent, 1 to 4 wt% of a binder, 0.5 to 1 wt% of a dispersant, 1 to 2 wt% of a defoamer, and the balance water.

When the slurry is prepared, the first material and the second material in a mass ratio in the range of 4:1 to 19:1 (i.e., the second material accounts for 5% to 20% of the total mass of the first material and the second material) may be uniformly mixed with the slurry to obtain a slurry with a solid content of 20% to 70% (i.e., the mass of the first material and the second material accounts for 20% to 70% by weight of the mass of the slurry). This is because: when the solid content is less than 20 wt%, the granulation time is longer, and the process cost is higher; on the contrary, when the solid content is more than 70 wt%, the solid content is high, the liquid content in the slurry is low, the subsequent spraying process cannot be stably carried out, and the production stability is affected.

Spray drying

After the slurry is prepared, the slurry may be spray dried. For example, the slurry obtained in the above step may be transferred to a high-speed spin-off disk at 6000 to 15000 rpm, and spun off by the spin-off disk rotating at a high speed to form droplets. The droplets may then be blown into a drying tower at 100-400 c using hot air at 80-100 c, and the droplets may be allowed to fall during the fall for 5-30 seconds to form substantially spherical composite particles in which the first and second materials are bonded together via the binder.

After spray drying, the composite particles can be obtained. However, moisture may be present in the composite particles at this time, and thus, in order to remove the moisture present therein, the method of preparing the spray material according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may further include a sintering step after the spray drying. Here, the sintering curve may be established according to the physical properties of the materials of the first material and the second material, the initial temperature may be 20 to 30 ℃, the temperature increase rate may be 5 to 20 ℃/min, the final temperature may be 150 to 200 ℃, and the holding time may be 3 to 30 hours. However, exemplary embodiments are not limited thereto, and the sintering step may be omitted.

After the steps, the obtained composite particles can be screened to screen the spraying materials with different particle size intervals according to the requirements.

According to an exemplary embodiment, after the spray material according to the inventive concept is obtained, a coating layer may be formed on a surface (e.g., an inner surface and/or an outer surface) of a base material of a cooker through a spray process (e.g., a thermal spray or cold spray process) using a spray material of a suitable particle size range. The particle diameter of the composite particle forming the coating layer according to the inventive concept may be in the range of 20 μm to 150 μm.

According to an exemplary embodiment, in the coating layer formed of the spray material of the inventive concept, a ratio of the second material to a total mass of the first and second materials may be in a range of 5 wt% to 20 wt%. When the mass ratio of the second material is less than 5 wt%, the ratio of the second material with lower hardness is too low, so that the effect of reducing the stress of the coating is not obvious; further, when the ratio of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material is higher than 20 wt%, the ratio of the second material having lower hardness is too high, which may decrease the strength of the coating layer. In addition, since the occupying ratio of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material may be in the range of 5 wt% to 20 wt%, in the coating layer formed of the spray material of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second material having lower hardness may be uniformly distributed in the first material having higher hardness without forming a continuous phase, without affecting the strength of the coating layer.

Further, although the occupying ratio of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the finally formed coating layer may be in the range of 5 wt% to 20 wt%, it is understood that the occupying ratio of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the single composite particle may not be limited by the above range. That is, the proportion of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the single composite particle may be lower than 5 wt% or higher than 20 wt%, as long as the proportion of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the finally-formed coating layer is 5 wt% to 20 wt%, and the proportion of the second material in the total mass of the first material and the second material in the majority of the composite particles is 5 wt% to 20 wt%.

Accordingly, it is possible to form a coating layer including the spray material according to the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept on a surface of a base material (such as a base material of a cooker). According to the inventive concept, since the spray material includes composite particles made of a relatively flexible material and a conventional material used to form a coating layer by a binder, a coating layer having a relatively thick thickness can be formed by a one-time spray method using the spray material according to the inventive concept. On one hand, because the formed coating comprises a flexible material, the stress of the coating can be effectively reduced; on the other hand, the coating with proper stress and strength can be obtained by one-time spraying, so that the complex process of spraying for multiple times by using a plurality of spraying tools is avoided, and the process efficiency is improved.

Hereinafter, advantageous effects of the inventive concept will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

Titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm are provided as the first material, and aluminum particles having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm are provided as the second material. Hydroxymethyl cellulose is provided as a binder.

2 wt% of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.75 wt% of citric acid, 1.5 wt% of polyether modified silicone oil and 95.75 wt% of deionized water are mixed to prepare slurry containing hydroxymethyl cellulose binder. Then, the first material and the second material (the second material accounting for 10% of the total mass of the first material and the second material) at a mass ratio of 9:1 were mixed with the above slurry to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 45 wt%. And conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 10000 r/min to form drops, blowing the drops into a drying tower at 250 ℃ by adopting hot air at 90 ℃, and standing the drops for about 20 seconds in the descending process to form particles. The particles were sintered at an initial temperature of 25 deg.C, a rate of temperature rise of 12.5 deg.C/min, and a final temperature of 180 deg.C for 16.5 hours. Then, the sintered particles were sieved to obtain a spray material including composite particles having an average particle diameter of 80 μm.

The spraying material is sprayed on the inner surface of the pot by a thermal spraying process to obtain a coating with the thickness of 120 mu m. Here, some of the process parameters of thermal spraying are: current: 350A; voltage: 55V; main gas (argon) flow: 2200L/H; hydrogen flow rate: 50L/H; powder feeding air pressure: 400L/H; powder feeding amount: 55 g/min; spray distance (gun nozzle to workpiece distance): 18 cm; spraying angle: 60 degrees; workpiece temperature: at 25 ℃.

Example 2

The difference from example 1 is that the second material accounts for 5.8% of the total mass of the first material and the second material.

Example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the second material accounts for 19.6% of the total mass of the first material and the second material.

Example 4

The difference from example 1 is that the second material accounts for 13.5% of the total mass of the first material and the second material.

Example 5

The difference from example 1 is that the first material is made of titanium nitride particles having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm, and the second material is made of nickel particles having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm.

Example 6

The difference from example 1 is that the average particle size of the first material is about 10 μm and the average particle size of the second material is about 10 μm.

Example 7

The difference from example 1 is that the average particle size of the first material is about 50 μm and the average particle size of the second material is about 50 μm.

Comparative example 1

Titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of about 30 μm were sprayed on the inner surface of the pot by the thermal spraying process of example 1 using the same as the spray material to obtain a coating layer having a thickness of about 120 μm.

Comparative example 2

First, titanium oxide particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm were sprayed on the inner surface of the pot by the thermal spraying process of example 1 as a spray material to obtain a first coating layer having a thickness of about 40 μm, and then aluminum particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm were sprayed on the above first coating layer by the thermal spraying process of example 1 as a spray material to obtain a transition layer having a thickness of about 40 μm, and then titanium oxide particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm were sprayed on the above transition layer by the thermal spraying process of example 1 as a spray material to obtain a second coating layer having a thickness of about 40 μm.

Comparative example 3

The difference from comparative example 2 is that the first coating layer and the second coating layer were formed using titanium nitride particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm, and the transition layer was formed using nickel particles having an average particle size of about 30 μm.

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 1 is that the second material accounts for 2% of the total mass of the first material and the second material.

Comparative example 5

The difference from example 1 is that the second material accounts for 30% of the total mass of the first material and the second material.

Then, the coatings of the above examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1.

Specifically, the test conditions were:

1. and (3) rust prevention test: referring to a corrosion resistance testing method of a plating pot in GB/T32432, the longer the time is, the better the corrosion resistance is, and 0.5H is recorded once;

2. and (3) anti-falling test: dropping 500g of steel balls from a certain height, impacting an anti-rust layer, and recording the height of the coating which is collapsed after impact; 5cm is a step height (drop-off can represent the amount of paint stress, the greater the stress, the lower the coating height for the same thickness, the easier it will delaminate).

TABLE 1

According to the invention, the suitable range of corrosion resistance is more than or equal to 4H, the suitable range of coating hardness is more than or equal to 200Hv, and the suitable range of delamination resistance is more than or equal to 100 cm.

As can be seen from table 1, the coating stress and the coating strength of examples 1 to 7 are within appropriate ranges, and the formed coatings do not peel off and crack.

Among them, the result of the test for the falling off preventive property of example 2 was 155cm, which was lower than 185cm in example 1. This is because the composite particle of example 2 has a low proportion of the second material and is not very effective in reducing the stress of the coating. The hardness of the coating of example 3 was 476Hv, which was lower than 567Hv in example 1, because the proportion of the second material in the composite particles of example 3 was higher, which adversely affected the strength of the coating.

The corrosion resistance, hardness and anti-dropping property of the coating of example 5 were all within suitable ranges. It can be seen that the coatings prepared by the spray coating material of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can have good coating stress and coating strength for various coating materials.

The corrosion resistance, hardness and anti-dropping property of the coatings of examples 6 and 7 are also within suitable ranges. Therefore, when the average particle size of the first material and the second material is 10 μm to 50 μm, the coating formed by spraying the spray material prepared therefrom can have good coating stress and coating strength.

Comparative example 1 a coating layer having a thickness of 120 μm was formed by one-time spray coating using titanium oxide, which is a commonly used coating material, alone, and the corrosion resistance of the coating layer was lower than the lower limit of the appropriate range, and the anti-dropping property of the coating layer was lower than that of example 1. This is because the thicker coating layer has a greater stress and is susceptible to peeling and cracking.

Comparative examples 2 and 3 adopt a multi-spray method to reduce stress by forming a transition layer between coatings of conventional materials using a flexible material, and although the hardness is within the required range, the coating formed of the first material is a coating formed of one material as in comparative example 1, and although the presence of the transition layer improves the anti-come-off property of the entire coating as compared with comparative example 1, the use requirements are not satisfied.

The coating of comparative example 4 was less resistant to peeling than the appropriate range because the second material ratio therein was too low to have the effect of reducing stress. The coating stress of comparative example 5 is in the appropriate range, but the coating hardness is too low because the second material content therein is too high, which, although reducing the coating stress, has a significant adverse effect on the coating hardness.

According to the above examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5, it can be seen that the coating prepared by the spray coating material and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention has excellent coating stress, does not peel off or crack, and the coating strength also meets the use requirements.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; it is intended that the following claims be interpreted as including all such alterations, modifications, and equivalents as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A spray material comprising composite particles, the composite particles comprising a first material, a second material and a binder,

wherein the first material and the second material are bonded by the adhesive,

the second material has a hardness less than the hardness of the first material.

2. The spray material of claim 1, wherein the first material comprises AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, AT composite material.

3. The spray material of claim 1 wherein the second material comprises at least one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, nickel-chromium-aluminum alloy, and nickel-clad-aluminum material.

4. The spray material of claim 1, wherein the binder comprises at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.

5. The spray material according to claim 1, wherein a mass ratio of the second material to the first material is in a range of 1:19 to 1: 4.

6. A method of preparing a spray material comprising composite particles, the method comprising:

providing a first material, a second material and a binder;

preparing a binder into a slurry and mixing the first material, the second material and the slurry comprising the binder to obtain a slurry; and

spray-drying the slurry to obtain composite particles,

wherein the hardness of the second material is less than the hardness of the first material.

7. The method of claim 6,

the first material comprises AT least one of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide and AT composite material,

the second material comprises at least one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, nickel-chromium-aluminum alloy and nickel-coated aluminum material,

the binder includes at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.

8. The method according to any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the particle size of the first material and the second material is in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the mass ratio of the second material to the first material is in the range of 1:4 to 1: 19.

10. A coating layer formed by cold spraying or thermal spraying using the spray material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

11. A cooker comprising a base material and the coating layer as claimed in claim 10 formed on a surface of the base material.