CN114226714A - Powder metallurgy material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114226714A CN114226714A CN202111549807.7A CN202111549807A CN114226714A CN 114226714 A CN114226714 A CN 114226714A CN 202111549807 A CN202111549807 A CN 202111549807A CN 114226714 A CN114226714 A CN 114226714A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/026—Spray drying of solutions or suspensions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
Powder metallurgy material, a method for its production and its use, the powder metallurgy material having the form of particles, each particle comprising a starting powder metallurgy material, a first material doped in the starting powder metallurgy material and a binder for binding the starting powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, wherein the tensile strength of the first material is higher than the tensile strength of the starting powder metallurgy material. According to the powder metallurgy material of the embodiment of the application, the stress is reduced compared with the stress of the initial powder metallurgy material, so that the powder metallurgy material can be applied to preparing products with uneven thickness or stress.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy materials, in particular to a powder metallurgy material, a preparation method of the powder metallurgy material and application of the powder metallurgy material.
Background
In the powder metallurgy industry, powder of a powder metallurgy material is prepared into a product in a metallurgy mode at present, and the hardness and the strength of the obtained product are greatly improved, so that the method is suitable for preparing workpieces with uniform workpiece thickness or without obvious uneven stress. However, for products with uneven thickness, the stress of the products formed in such a way is too large, so that the finished products have low yield and have defects such as collapse and the like. For example, the tool is manufactured by powder metallurgy using powder of a powder metallurgy material, the finally formed tool generally has high hardness and wear resistance, and although the sharpness of the tool can be improved, the tool has high hardness, so that on one hand, the stress on the cutting edge is too large, the yield of the tool in the manufacturing process is low, and on the other hand, the problem of chipping and the like is easily caused during use, so that the service life is reduced.
Therefore, there is a need to modify existing powder metallurgy materials to reduce the stress of existing powder metallurgy materials so that they can be adapted for the manufacture of workpieces with non-uniform thickness or stress.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present application aims to provide a novel powder metallurgy material, a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the powder metallurgy material in the prior art has too large stress and cannot be applied to the manufacture of workpieces with uneven thickness or stress.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a powder metallurgical material having the form of particles, each particle comprising: a starting powder metallurgy material, a first material, and a binder; a first material doped in the initial powder metallurgy material; a binder binding the initial powder metallurgy material and a first material to each other, wherein the first material has a higher tensile strength than the initial powder metallurgy material.
In an embodiment, the initial powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a metal based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic based powder metallurgy material, the first material may include at least one of a metal material and a non-metal porosity material, and the binder includes at least one of a cellulose based binder and an alcohol based binder.
In an embodiment, the metal-based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a tungsten-cobalt-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-cobalt-titanium-based powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-titanium-tantalum-niobium-based powder metallurgy material, an iron-carbon powder alloy material, an iron-sulfur-carbon powder alloy material, and a copper-based powder metallurgy material; the non-metal ceramic powder metallurgy material may include at least one of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, iron oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide.
In an embodiment, the metal material may include at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder; the non-metallic pore material may include at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, high-siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
In an embodiment, in each particle, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material is 80% to 95% of the total weight of the particle, the binder is 1% to 2% of the total weight of the particle, and the balance is the first material, based on the total weight of the particle.
According to a second aspect of the present application, a method of preparing a powder metallurgical material comprises providing a starting powder of a powder metallurgical material and a first material powder; providing a binder; preparing a slurry from a starting powder metallurgy material powder, a first material powder and a binder; the slurry is subjected to a spray drying process to obtain a powder metallurgy material in a particle form, wherein a first material is doped in the starting powder metallurgy material, and a binder is used to bind the starting powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, the first material having a tensile strength higher than that of the starting powder metallurgy material.
In an embodiment, the initial powder metallurgy material may include at least one of a metal based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic based powder metallurgy material, the first material may include at least one of a metal material and a non-metallic pore material, and the binder may include at least one of a cellulose based binder and an alcohol based binder.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the first material powder may be 1-10 μm, and the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material powder may be 10-50 μm.
In an embodiment, in the slurry, the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may comprise 20% to 70% of the total weight of the slurry, based on the total weight of the slurry.
In an embodiment, the preparation method may further include: sintering the powder of the powder metallurgy material obtained by subjecting the slurry to the spray drying treatment, thereby obtaining the powder metallurgy material having a granular form.
According to a third aspect of the application, the use of a powder metallurgical material as a manufacturing raw material for kitchen utensils, which powder metallurgical material can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of knives, chopping boards, cookware and containers.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of one particle in a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of making a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structural change during sintering of a method of preparing a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at I in fig. 3 according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The inventive concepts of the present application will be described more fully hereinafter.
Both the partially metallic material and the non-metallic void material have excellent properties such as low hardness, high tensile strength, etc. Therefore, the powder metallurgy material with lower stress can be obtained by adding the metal material and the non-metal pore material into the initial powder metallurgy material, so that the powder metallurgy material can be used for manufacturing products with uneven stress and thickness.
The inventors of the present invention have found that, by forming a slurry from a starting powder metallurgy material powder, a binder, and a first material powder and spray-granulating the slurry, it is possible to mix the first material in the starting powder metallurgy material to form a granulated powder metallurgy material, and the powder metallurgy material obtained therefrom has a low stress, and thus it is possible to use the powder metallurgy material for manufacturing products having uneven stress and thickness.
Therefore, the first material with high tensile strength is bonded in the initial powder metallurgy material through the adhesive in a granulation mode to obtain the new powder metallurgy material, and when the powder metallurgy material obtained through the granulation mode is prepared into a product in a metallurgy mode, the stress of the obtained powder metallurgy material can be released through the first material, so that the method can be suitable for manufacturing products with uneven thickness or stress.
The inventive concept of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of one particle of a powder metallurgy material according to an embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a powder metallurgical material having a particle form, each particle 10 comprising: the powder metallurgy starting material 11, the first material 12 and the binder, wherein the first material 12 is doped in the powder metallurgy starting material 11, the binder binds the powder metallurgy starting material 11 and the first material 12 to each other, and because the tensile strength of the first material 12 is higher than that of the powder metallurgy starting material 11, the stress of the powder metallurgy starting material 11 can be released through the first material 12 during the preparation process, so that the stress of the finally obtained powder metallurgy material is smaller.
In the present example, the starting powder metallurgy material 11 and the first material 12 are both present in the form of fine solid particles.
According to the powder metallurgy material, the first material 12 is doped in the initial powder metallurgy material 11 through the adhesive, so that the powder metallurgy material in a particle form is obtained, the stress of the formed powder metallurgy material is small, the yield of products in the manufacturing process is improved in the process of forming products with the same or different thicknesses, and the phenomenon of collapse is reduced in the using process of the products.
In some embodiments, the starting powder metallurgy material 11 may comprise a metal-based powder metallurgy material or a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material. The first material 12 may include at least one of a metallic material and a non-metallic porous material.
In this application embodiment, when the metal material is selected as the first material, the high-temperature fluidity of the metal material can be utilized, on one hand, the metal material absorbs the stress released by the initial powder metallurgy material 11 in the preparation process, and on the other hand, the metal material can be filled in the pores among the initial powder metallurgy material particles to play a role in bonding, and the metal material and the initial powder metallurgy material act together to improve the tensile strength of the finally formed powder metallurgy material. When the non-metal pore material is selected as the first material, the deformability of the pore structure among the particles of the non-metal pore material can be utilized, the non-metal pore material can absorb the stress released by the powder metallurgy material in the preparation process, the stress of the finally formed powder metallurgy material is improved, and therefore the tensile strength can be improved. It should be explained that the non-metal pore material and the metal material have different states and quantities after absorbing stress, the non-metal pore material has reduced volume after absorbing stress, and the metal material promotes flow deformation after absorbing stress, so the stress absorbed by the non-metal pore material is much greater than that of the metal material.
The first material may be bonded to the starting powder metallurgy material by a binder, and the starting powder metallurgy material achieves the stress reduction by utilizing mainly the porous nature of the non-metallic pore material in the first material or the good flowability of the metallic material at high temperatures. In an embodiment, the first material may include at least one of a metallic material and a non-metallic porous material. Illustratively, the metal material may include at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder. The non-metallic pore material may include at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, high-siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
In the particles of powder metallurgy material according to embodiments herein, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material may comprise 80% to 95% of the total weight of the particles, the binder may comprise 0.1% to 2% of the total weight of the particles, and the balance is the first material, based on the total weight of the particles. The exemplary first material may be present in a weight ratio of 4.9% to 18%. When the weight proportion of the initial powder metallurgy material is more than 95%, the improvement of stress is not significant because of the excessive proportion of the initial powder metallurgy material, and when the weight proportion of the initial powder metallurgy material is less than 80%, the overall properties of the formed powder metallurgy material, such as, but not limited to, hardness, strength, and the like, are affected. Further, when the weight ratio of the binder is more than 2%, the weight ratio of the binder is high, the agglomeration rate of the granulated powder is high in the spray drying step at the time of production, resulting in a decrease in yield, and when the weight ratio of the binder is less than 0.1%, the weight ratio of the binder is small, failing to effectively bond the material, resulting in an insufficient powder forming rate of the granulated powder, thereby affecting the granulation effect of the finally formed powder metallurgy material.
According to the application, the adhesive can bond the first materials, the initial powder metallurgy materials and the first materials and the initial powder metallurgy materials, when no external condition is influenced, the initial powder metallurgy material powder does not grow, but is only bonded into the powder metallurgy material in a large particle form through the adhesive, and in the subsequent process of preparing or applying the powder metallurgy material, the stress in the initial powder metallurgy material can be released through the first material, so that the stress of the finally obtained powder metallurgy material is smaller. For example, during sintering, the starting powder metallurgy material may relieve stress through pores within it.
According to the present application, the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder. The cellulose-based binder may include at least one of hydroxymethyl cellulose-based binder, hydroxyethyl cellulose-based binder, and hydroxypropyl cellulose-based binder, and the alcohol-based binder may include at least one of polyvinyl alcohol-based binder, polypropylene alcohol-based binder, other higher alcohol-based binders containing six or more carbon atoms, and the like.
According to the present application, the metal-based powder metallurgy material may include at least one of materials such as tungsten-cobalt-based powder metallurgy materials, tungsten-cobalt-titanium-based powder metallurgy materials, tungsten-titanium-tantalum-niobium-based powder metallurgy materials, iron-graphite powder alloys, iron-sulfur-graphite powder alloys, and copper-based powder metallurgy materials. The powder metallurgy material of the non-metallic ceramic type may include at least one of such as titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide. And the shape of the initial powder metallurgy material can be selected to be a sphere or a sphere, so that the initial powder metallurgy material, the first material, the initial powder metallurgy material and the first material can be bonded better by the bonding agent, and the like, however, the application is not limited thereto, that is, the shape of the initial powder metallurgy material can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the actual needs, for example, the shape of the initial powder metallurgy material is set to be a shape with edges and corners.
Hereinafter, the method for producing the powder metallurgy material of the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, there is also provided a method for preparing a powder metallurgy material, as shown in fig. 2, the method may include the following steps: step S101, providing initial powder metallurgy material powder and first material powder; step S102, providing an adhesive; step S103, preparing the initial powder metallurgy material powder, the first material powder and the binder into slurry; and step S104, carrying out spray drying treatment on the slurry, thereby obtaining the powder metallurgy material in a particle form.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step of providing the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may include the step of preparing the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder, respectively.
According to the present application, the starting powder metallurgical material comprises powders of the metal family and the non-metal ceramic family, wherein the starting powder metallurgical material and the first material may be selected to be of the same class, that is, when the starting powder metallurgical material is of the metal family, a metal material is preferentially selected as the first material, and of course, a non-metal pore material may also be selected. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select a more suitable first material according to actual needs under the teaching of the present application, and is not limited to the metal material and the non-metal pore material.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the first material may be in the range of 1-10 μm, and the particle size of the starting powder metallurgy material may be in the range of 10-50 μm. If the particle size of the first material is smaller than 1 mu m, the powder of the first material is difficult to prepare and the cost is high; if the particle size of the first material is larger than 10 μm, the larger the particle size, the smaller the amount of powder, and the fewer the particles distributed in the initial powder metallurgy material after granulation, at the same mass, resulting in a situation in which uneven stress absorption is liable to occur. If the particle size of the starting powder metallurgy material is less than 10 μm, the smaller the particle size, the larger the number of powders, and the larger the interface between the powders for the same quality of the starting powder metallurgy material, thus resulting in the larger internal stress of the starting powder metallurgy material and therefore requiring higher cost to improve the stress; if the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material is larger than 50 μm, pores with overlarge volume are easy to appear, and the added first material does not obviously improve the overlarge pores, so that the tensile property of the material is not obviously improved finally.
Here, the particle size of the above-mentioned material may be the maximum length of the powder of the material, and the material is not particularly limited to have a spherical or spheroidal shape. For example, and without limitation, when a material has an oval shape, the particle size dimension of the material may refer to the length of the major axis corresponding to the oval.
According to the method for preparing a powder metallurgy material of the present application, the step of providing the binder may include preparing the binder into a slurry, and then adding the prepared initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder to the slurry to obtain a slurry required in a subsequent spray drying process. Here, the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may be separately added to the slurry to form a slurry, or the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder may be mixed and then added to the slurry, and the order and manner of addition of the starting powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder are not limited in this application.
The step of preparing the binder into a slurry may include dissolving the binder, a dispersant and a defoaming agent into deionized water to prepare a slurry, wherein the binder may include at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder, the defoaming agent may be polyether-modified silicone oil or silicone oil, and the dispersant may be citric acid or triethylhexylphosphoric acid. According to the application, the dispersing agent and the defoaming agent are selected as the auxiliary agents, so that the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder can be uniformly dispersed in the slurry, and of course, other suitable auxiliary agents can be selected according to actual needs, and the application is not limited to the above.
By way of example, the slurry may include, in weight percent, 1% -2% binder, 0.5% -1% dispersant, 1% -2% defoamer, and the balance deionized water. The weight ratio of the dispersant and the defoamer in the slurry, respectively, is proportional to the weight ratio of the binder, that is, the higher the content of the binder, the higher the content of the dispersant and the defoamer. According to the present application, since the smaller the particle size of each powder, the larger the specific surface area of each powder with the smaller particle size, and therefore more binder is required as a blocking agent for the same mass of each powder, the amount of binder needs to be set at the upper limit of the range of the amount of binder. When the weight ratio of the binder is less than 1%, the weight ratio of the binder is small, and granulation cannot be effectively performed, so that the powder of the bonded powder metallurgy material and the powder of the first material cannot be effectively bonded, and when the weight ratio of the binder is more than 2%, the weight ratio of the binder is large, and agglomeration after subsequent spray sintering is easily caused, so that production efficiency is reduced.
After preparing the slurry, adding the prepared initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder into the slurry according to the condition that the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder accounts for 20-70% of the total weight of the slurry to obtain spray-dried slurry, wherein when the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder accounts for less than 20%, the weight of solids in the slurry accounts for less, and the weight of liquid accounts for more, so that the granulation time is prolonged, and the cost is too high; when the total weight ratio of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder is more than 70%, the weight ratio of solids in the slurry is high, and the weight ratio of liquid is relatively low, so that the subsequent spraying process cannot be stably carried out, and the production stability is affected.
After the pulping is completed, the pulp is spray-dried. According to some embodiments of the present application, the slurry may be conveyed to a high-speed liquid-throwing disk to form droplets, and then blown into a drying tower by hot air of the hot air droplets, and the droplets undergo a short stay during descent, finally forming a granular powder metallurgy material in which the first material powder is doped in the initial powder metallurgy material by a binder.
According to the method for producing a powder metallurgical material of the present application, since the particle diameters of the primary powder metallurgical material powder and the first material powder are small, the particle diameters of the particles of the powder metallurgical material formed by the primary powder metallurgical material and the first material adhering via the binder are also relatively small, and therefore a relatively low rotation speed is required. The specific gravity of the initial powder metallurgy material is relatively large, and the difference between the particle sizes of the initial powder metallurgy material and the first powder is small, so that the throwing disc is controlled to have a certain rotating speed in the throwing process through the disc, and granulation powder with the first powder uniformly distributed in the initial powder metallurgy material can be formed mutually, namely, the granulation powder is powder metallurgy particles with certain moisture. According to some embodiments of the present application, the rotation speed of the high-speed liquid-throwing disk can be controlled to be in the range of 6000 rpm-15000 rpm, preferably, can be controlled to be in the range of 8000-. According to some embodiments of the present application, the temperature of the hot air is controlled in the range of 60-100 ℃, the temperature of the drying tower can be controlled in the range of 100-400 ℃, and the short residence time of the droplets in the drying tower can be controlled in the range of 5-15 seconds.
According to the preparation method of the powder metallurgy material, the powder metallurgy material powder obtained after spray drying is sintered.
After spray drying, a powder of the first material in the form of particles doped with the binder in the starting powder metallurgical material is obtained, which however also contains some moisture, and therefore requires sintering of the powder, which removes the moisture from the powder. According to some embodiments of the present application, the initial temperature of sintering may be 25 ℃, the rate of temperature increase may be 5-10 ℃/minute, the temperature increase to 200 ℃, and then the temperature maintenance may be performed for 3 to 10 hours. According to the application, the particle size of the powder metallurgy material powder is small, so that the required effect can be achieved at a low temperature rise speed and in a short heat preservation time, and the energy can be saved. Furthermore, in the step of drying and/or sintering, the initial powder metallurgy material is able to relieve stresses through the first material, so that the obtained powder metallurgy material is less stressed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing changes before and after sintering of powder metallurgy material powder obtained by subjecting the slurry to spray drying. Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the internal changes of the powder metallurgy material are as follows:
(1) and (3) sintering: at this time, the volume of the starting powder metallurgy material begins to increase at a high temperature, and the pores between the powder particles of the starting powder metallurgy material begin to decrease.
(2) Growing: under the high temperature condition, the particles of the initial powder metallurgy material are connected, and a plurality of initial powder metallurgy materials are connected and grown together to form a whole material.
As shown in fig. 3, the pores between the powder particles of the starting powder metallurgy material in the powder metallurgy material are filled with the first material.
According to the method for preparing the powder metallurgy material, the powder obtained by sintering can be sieved after the sintering step, so that powder metallurgy material powder with different particle size intervals can be obtained. The powder metallurgy material powder with different particle size intervals can be screened according to the requirement so as to be applied to different products.
According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application, the use of a powder metallurgical material as a raw material for the manufacture of kitchen utensils, such as chopping boards, cookware, containers and the like, is described.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
The powder metallurgical material according to example 1 was prepared by the following method.
Step S10, providing a tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material with an average grain size of 30 μm as a primary powder metallurgy material and aluminum powder with an average grain size of 5 μm as a first material.
Step S20, preparing a slurry.
Preparing slurry: hydroxymethyl cellulose is selected as a binder, and the slurry comprises 1.5 percent of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 0.7 percent of triethyl hexyl phosphoric acid, 1.5 percent of organic silicon oil and the balance of deionized water in percentage by weight, and the components are mixed to form the slurry.
Preparing mixed powder: mixing the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and the aluminum powder according to the weight ratio of 9: 1. Preparing slurry: according to the method, the total weight of the mixed powder of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and the aluminum powder accounts for 45% of the total weight of the slurry, and the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material and the aluminum powder are mixed and then added into the prepared slurry to prepare the slurry.
In step S30, the slurry is spray dried.
And conveying the slurry to a high-speed liquid throwing disc at 10000 r/min, throwing the slurry out by the liquid throwing disc to form liquid drops, blowing the liquid drops into a drying tower at 300 ℃ by hot air at 80 ℃, and stopping for several seconds in the descending process to fall down so as to obtain the powder metallurgy material of aluminum powder doped in the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material through hydroxymethyl cellulose.
Step S40, sintering the formed powder metallurgy material to remove the moisture contained therein, wherein the sintering parameters are as follows: the initial temperature is 25 ℃, the heating rate can be 8 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 200 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 6 hours, so that the powder metallurgy material in the form of particles is obtained. As analyzed by XRD diffraction, in the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material accounted for 89.6%, the weight of aluminum accounted for 9.1%, and the weight of hydroxymethyl cellulose accounted for 1.3% of the total weight of the particles, based on the total weight of the particles.
Example 2
The powder metallurgy material according to example 2 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that zinc powder was used instead of the aluminum powder in example 1, and in the formed particles of the powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material accounted for 91.1% of the total weight of the particles, the weight of zinc accounted for 7.8% of the total weight of the particles, and the weight of hydroxymethylcellulose accounted for 1.1% of the total weight of the particles, based on the total weight of the particles.
Example 3
A powder metallurgical material according to example 3 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that titanium nitride powder was used in place of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgical material in example 1, and in the particles of the formed powder metallurgical material, the weight of titanium nitride was 90.7% of the total weight of the particles, the weight of aluminum was 8.1% of the total weight of the particles, and the weight of hydroxymethyl cellulose was 1.2% of the total weight of the particles, based on the total weight of the particles.
Example 4
The powder metallurgy material according to example 4 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that the particle diameter of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material was changed from 30 μm to 50 μm, and in the particles of the formed powder metallurgy material, the weight of the tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy material was 93.5% of the total weight of the particles, the weight of aluminum was 5.5% of the total weight of the particles, and the weight of hydroxymethylcellulose was 1.0% of the total weight of the particles, based on the total weight of the particles.
Comparative example 1
The powder metallurgy material according to comparative example 1 was manufactured in the same manner as that of example 1, except that tungsten-cobalt-titanium alloy was used instead of aluminum powder (the tensile strength of tungsten-cobalt-titanium alloy was lower than that of the original powder metallurgy material).
Comparative example 2
Only adopts tungsten-cobalt alloy powder metallurgy materials.
See table 1 below for specific comparisons:
TABLE 1 parameters of examples and comparative examples of the present application
Performance index testing
The powder metallurgy materials of practical examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were used to manufacture tools by powder metallurgy. And testing the cutter, wherein the specific performance test method comprises the following steps:
(1) the tensile strength of the material is determined by referring to a method for testing the tensile strength in GB/T228, and the unit is MPa when the tensile strength is higher, the tensile strength of the material is higher.
Table 2: test results of examples and comparative examples of the present application are shown in the schematic table
| Tensile Strength (Unit: MPa) | |
| Example 1 | 2034 |
| Example 2 | 1940 |
| Example 3 | 1982 |
| Example 4 | 1320 |
| Comparative example 1 | 956 |
| Comparative example 2 | 886 |
The larger the test result value according to the known tensile strength, the smaller the stress, so that the stress value of the powder metallurgy material can be represented by testing the tensile strength of the cutter. Combining the following: the powder metallurgy materials of examples 1 to 4 have a larger test value of tensile strength and thus relatively lower stress than the starting powder metallurgy material of comparative example 2. Therefore, the method can be applied to the manufacture of products with uneven thickness, and can also retain other excellent properties of the initial powder metallurgy material.
Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and alterations to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. It will be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize modifications and variations as falling within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the application as defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A powder metallurgical material, characterized in that the powder metallurgical material has a particle form,
each particle comprises:
a starting powder metallurgy material;
a first material doped in the initial powder metallurgy material;
a binder binding the initial powder metallurgy material and a first material to each other, wherein the first material has a higher tensile strength than the initial powder metallurgy material.
2. The powder metallurgy material according to claim 1,
the starting powder metallurgy material includes at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material,
the first material comprises at least one of a metallic material and a non-metallic pore material,
the binder includes at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
3. The powder metallurgy material according to claim 2,
the metal powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of a tungsten-cobalt powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-cobalt-titanium powder metallurgy material, a tungsten-titanium-tantalum-niobium powder metallurgy material, an iron-carbon powder alloy material, an iron-sulfur-carbon powder alloy material and a copper-based powder metallurgy material; the non-metal ceramic powder metallurgy material comprises at least one of titanium oxide, titanium nitride, titanium carbide, ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and nickel oxide;
the metal material includes at least one of aluminum powder, copper powder, nickel powder, stainless steel powder, and titanium powder; the non-metallic pore material includes at least one of zeolite, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, high-siliceous silicate, cordierite, aluminum titanate, and aluminosilicate.
4. The powder metallurgy material according to claim 1, wherein in each particle, the weight of the initial powder metallurgy material is 80 to 95% of the total weight of the particle, the binder is 1 to 2% of the total weight of the particle, and the balance is the first material, based on the total weight of the particle.
5. A method of preparing a powder metallurgy material, the method comprising:
providing a starting powder metallurgical material powder and a first material powder;
providing a binder;
preparing a slurry from a starting powder metallurgy material powder, a first material powder and a binder;
subjecting the slurry to a spray drying process to obtain a powder metallurgical material in particulate form,
wherein a first material is doped in a starting powder metallurgy material, a binder is used to bond the starting powder metallurgy material and the first material to each other, and the tensile strength of the first material is higher than the tensile strength of the starting powder metallurgy material.
6. The production method according to claim 5,
the starting powder metallurgy material includes at least one of a metal-based powder metallurgy material and a non-metal ceramic-based powder metallurgy material,
the first material comprises at least one of a metal material and a non-metallic pore material, and the binder comprises at least one of a cellulose-based binder and an alcohol-based binder.
7. The production method according to claim 5,
the particle size of the first material powder is 1-10 μm, and the particle size of the initial powder metallurgy material powder is 10-50 μm.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the total weight of the initial powder metallurgy material powder and the first material powder in the slurry is 20% to 70% of the total weight of the slurry, based on the total weight of the slurry.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, further comprising: sintering the powder of the powder metallurgy material obtained by subjecting the slurry to the spray drying treatment, thereby obtaining the powder metallurgy material having a granular form.
10. Use of a powder metallurgical material as a manufacturing raw material for kitchen utensils, the powder metallurgical material being a powder metallurgical material according to any one of claims 1-4 or a powder metallurgical material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5-9.
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