CN110453112B - High-performance composite material grinding head and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-performance composite material grinding head and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110453112B
CN110453112B CN201910841059.6A CN201910841059A CN110453112B CN 110453112 B CN110453112 B CN 110453112B CN 201910841059 A CN201910841059 A CN 201910841059A CN 110453112 B CN110453112 B CN 110453112B
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powder
aluminum powder
diamond
super
grinding head
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CN110453112A (en
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陈健
周莉
郑振兴
黄怿平
朱睿
琚广龙
单国颂
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Guangdong odro kitchenware Co.,Ltd.
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Guangdong Odro Kitchenware Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding wheel grinding heads, in particular to a high-performance composite material grinding head and a preparation method thereof. The invention is prepared by mixing WC, Co, VC and Cr3C2The formed composite powder is coated on the surface of diamond particles to form a diamond coating body with good fluidity, so that the hardness of the ceramic powder can be improved by adding the diamond coating body into the super aluminum powder coating body, and the ceramic powder is not suitable for 3D printing due to poor fluidity of the diamond particles. The ceramic powder consisting of the super aluminum powder coating body and the diamond coating body can form a high-performance composite material, and a grinding wheel grinding head with excellent hardness, wear resistance, toughness and other properties can be prepared through 3D printing. The ceramic powder is suitable for preparing the porous grinding wheel head by 3D printing, and the porous structure can prolong the service life of the porous grinding wheel head and reduce the weight of the grinding wheel.

Description

High-performance composite material grinding head and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grinding wheel grinding heads, in particular to a high-performance composite material grinding head and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cemented carbide cutting tools are moving towards high precision, high efficiency, high durability, high stability and specific uses for the particular tool. High speed and high efficiency machining, which is a process for the tool to bear complex loads and thermal stresses, requires the tool to have both high hardness and wear resistance and high toughness, thereby reducing the occurrence of cracks. For conventional cemented carbide with uniform structure, the wear resistance and toughness are two contradictory properties, and when the wear resistance is improved, the toughness is usually sacrificed, and vice versa. Although the gradient cemented carbide can simultaneously achieve wear resistance and toughness, with the wide application of some materials (such as carbon fiber, titanium alloy and the like) which are difficult to process, the condition of more and more complex processing is still difficult to satisfy by simply using the gradient cemented carbide as a cutter.
On the other hand, with the development of numerical control technology, the development level of numerical control machine tools in China is leap forward, and higher requirements are put forward on the grinding head. There are multiple bistriques in the existing market, still generally face life and remain to be further improved, the easy abrasive dust bonding that appears of solid emery wheel bistrique, lead to the adhesive wear serious, form the problem of obvious mar on the material surface of being processed, and porous emery wheel bistrique can hold or derive the abrasive dust that forms in the grinding process through the through-hole on it, reduce outer wall grinding bonding phenomenon, thereby improve the adhesive wear problem, but porous emery wheel bistrique is because of its structure receives the influence of through-hole, collapse the lack easily in the grinding process, bistrique life can obviously shorten. Therefore, the problem of pursuing and being worthy of attention nowadays is to develop a grinding wheel head with more excellent hardness, wear resistance and toughness, prolong the service life and improve the grinding effect so as to meet the higher and higher requirements of the grinding wheel head nowadays.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-performance composite material grinding head made of super aluminum powder and coated diamond and a preparation method of the high-performance composite material grinding head, aiming at the problem that the hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the prior grinding wheel grinding head need to be further improved simultaneously.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A high-performance composite material grinding head is prepared by 3D printing of ceramic powder consisting of a super aluminum powder coating body and a diamond coating body; the mass percentage of the diamond coating in the ceramic powder is 18-25%;
the super aluminum powder coating body is composed of a core body and nickel coated outside the core body, the core body is super aluminum powder, and the super aluminum powder is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-2% of Zn, 0.5-2% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 0.5-2% of Zr, 0.5-2% of B, 2-2.5% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder;
the diamond coating body is composed of diamond particles and composite powder coated outside the diamond particles, and the composite powder is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 15-30% of Co, 0.5-1% of VC, 0.5-1% of Cr3C2And the balance is WC.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the super aluminum powder in the super aluminum powder coating is 60-90%.
More preferably, the nano aluminum powder in the super aluminum powder is Al7075 aluminum powder or Al6061 aluminum powder.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the diamond particles in the diamond coating body is 50-70%.
More preferably, the diamond particles in the diamond coating have a particle size of 30 to 35 um.
In the high-performance composite material grinding head, the mass percentage of diamond coated in the ceramic powder is 20%.
The preparation method of the high-performance composite material grinding head comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of super aluminum powder coating: uniformly mixing all components for forming the super aluminum powder by a wet ball milling method to obtain the super aluminum powder; then, dispersing the super aluminum powder in glycol dimethyl ether to form a dispersion solution, and dissolving nickel acetylacetonate in the glycol dimethyl ether to form a solution; and then uniformly mixing the dispersion liquid and the solution, and naturally volatilizing and drying the mixture to obtain the super aluminum powder coating body.
Preparation of S2 diamond coating: the components for forming the diamond coating body are uniformly mixed by a wet ball milling method, and then sintering treatment is carried out to obtain the diamond coating body.
Preferably, in step S2, diamond particles, Co, VC, Cr3C2Mixing with paraffin to obtain a mixture; and performing ball milling, drying, sieving, granulating, dewaxing and sintering on the mixture in sequence to obtain the diamond coating body.
More preferably, in step S2, the mixture is wet-milled at a ball milling speed of 200r/min for 48h, then dried at 60 ℃, and after sieving and granulating, the mixture is dewaxed at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and then sintered at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coated body.
S3 preparation of ceramic powder: and uniformly mixing the diamond coating body and the super aluminum powder coating body to prepare ceramic powder.
S4, carrying out laser selective melting 3D direct printing on the ceramic powder to form a grinding head.
Preferably, in step S4, the basic power of the laser is 530W, the scanning distance is 0.06mm, and the scanning speed is 900mm/S during the 3D printing process; the diameter of the light spot is 95 μm, and the energy density is 107W/cm2；N2Printing is done in the atmosphere, N2The pressure of (A) was 0.2 MPa.
S5 heat treatment: and (3) carrying out hot isostatic pressing sintering on the grinding head at 500-plus-700 ℃ for 1h to obtain the high-performance composite grinding head.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is prepared by mixing WC, Co, VC and Cr3C2The formed composite powder is coated on the surface of diamond particles to form a diamond coating body with good fluidity, so that the hardness of the ceramic powder can be improved by adding the diamond coating body into the super aluminum powder coating body, and the ceramic powder is not suitable for 3D printing due to poor fluidity of the diamond particles. The super aluminum powder bag of the inventionThe ceramic powder consisting of the covering body and the diamond covering body can form a high-performance composite material, and the grinding wheel grinding head with excellent hardness, wear resistance, toughness and other properties can be prepared through 3D printing. The ceramic powder is suitable for preparing the porous grinding wheel head by 3D printing, the influence of the pore structure on the service life of the porous grinding wheel head is not obvious, the service life of the porous grinding wheel head is equivalent to that of a solid grinding wheel head, and no obvious difference exists.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a porous morphology chart of the material of example 17 when the material is in a porous morphology for constituting a grinding wheel head.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully understand the technical contents of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described and illustrated with reference to the following specific embodiments.
The features, benefits and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading of the present disclosure. The raw materials used in the examples are all commercial products, Al7075 aluminum powder is used as the nano aluminum powder, the particle size of the diamond particles is 30-35 μm,
example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite grinding head, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of super aluminum powder coating body
And respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5% of Zn, 1.5% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 1.5% of Zr, 1.5% of B, 2.0% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution.
And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
The super aluminum powder coating has good heat release characteristics and thermal stability, the activity of the aluminum powder is kept, and the nickel and the super aluminum powder are effectively adsorbed.
(2) Preparation of diamond coating
Respectively weighing diamond particles and each component forming composite powder according to the proportion, wherein Co, VC and Cr are contained in the composite powder3C2And WC in mass percent: 25% of Co, 1% of VC, 1% of Cr3C2The balance being WC; the diamond particles account for 60 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
Mixing diamond particles, Co, VC and Cr3C2WC and paraffin were mixed to obtain a mixture.
Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
(3) Preparation of ceramic powder
And uniformly mixing the diamond coating body and the super aluminum powder coating body to prepare ceramic powder. The mass percentage of diamond coated in the ceramic powder is 20%.
(4) Laser selective melting (SLM)3D direct printing method 3D printing
And carrying out selective laser melting 3D direct printing on the ceramic powder according to a preset solid grinding wheel grinding head model to obtain the solid grinding wheel grinding head. The basic power of the laser is 530W in the 3D printing process, the scanning distance is 0.06mm, and the scanning speed is 900 mm/s; the diameter of the light spot is 95 μm, and the energy density is 107W/cm2；N2Printing is done in the atmosphere, N2The pressure of (A) was 0.2 MPa.
(5) Thermal treatment
And (3) performing hot isostatic pressing sintering on the grinding head at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 1h to obtain the high-performance composite grinding head.
The heat treatment as the post-treatment, the temperature may be set in the range of 500-700 ℃ for eliminating residual pores in the sintered body, healing defects in the sintered body, and the like. The number and size of remaining pores in the sintered body can be reduced by this heat treatment step without changing the size of the crystal grains and the content of the second phase, and without changing the distribution of the crystal grains and the second phase.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 2% of Zn, 2% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 2% of Zr, 2% of B, 2.5% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution and the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 50 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 0.5% of Zn, 0.5% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 0.5% of Zr, 0.5% of B, 2.5% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution and the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 80 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is finished to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 0.5% of Zn, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mn, 2% of Zr, 0.5% of B, 2.5% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 2% of Zn, 2% of Cu, 2% of Mn, 2% of Zr, 2% of B, 2% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 2% of Zn, 2% of Cu, 1.5% of Mn, 2% of Zr, 2% of B, 2% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5% of Zn, 1.5% of Cu, 1.5% of Zr, 1.5% of B, 2.0% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5 percent of Zr, 1.5 percent of B, 2.0 percent of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (2) to (5) of embodiment 1, and differ from the embodiment in step (1) in that step (1) of the present embodiment is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5% of Zn, 1.5% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 1.5% of Zr, 1.5% of B, 2.0% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
And dispersing the super aluminum powder in glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and mixing the nickel powder and ethanol to form mixed liquid. And (3) mixing the mixed solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 80% of the sum of the mass of the nickel powder and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel powder to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the liquid, and naturally volatilizing and drying after adsorption is finished to obtain the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with the core-shell structure.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2), (4) and (5) of this example are the same as steps (2), (4) and (5) of example 1, and are different from the examples in steps (1) and (3).
The step (1) of this example is as follows: and respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5% of Zn, 1.5% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 1.5% of Zr, 1.5% of B, 2.0% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
The step (3) of this example is as follows: and uniformly mixing the diamond coating body and the super aluminum powder to prepare ceramic powder. The mass percentage of diamond coated in the ceramic powder is 20%.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (2), and step (2) of the present embodiment is as follows: respectively weighing diamond particles and each component forming composite powder according to the proportion, wherein Co, VC and Cr are contained in the composite powder3C2And WC in mass percent: 30% of Co, 0.8% of VC, 0.8% of Cr3C2The balance being WC; the diamond particles account for 50 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
And mixing the diamond particles and the components of the composite powder with paraffin to obtain a mixture. Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
Example 12
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (2), and step (2) of the present embodiment is as follows: respectively weighing diamond particles and each component forming composite powder according to the proportion, wherein Co, VC and Cr are contained in the composite powder3C2And WC in mass percent: 15% of Co, 0.8% of VC, 0.8% of Cr3C2The balance being WC; the diamond particles account for 70 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
And mixing the diamond particles and the components of the composite powder with paraffin to obtain a mixture. Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
Example 13
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (2), and step (2) of the present embodiment is as follows: respectively weighing diamond particles and each component for forming composite powder according to a certain proportion, and compoundingCo, VC and Cr in powder3C2And WC in mass percent: 25% of Co, 0.5% of VC, 0.5% of Cr3C2The balance being WC; the diamond particles account for 60 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
And mixing the diamond particles and the components of the composite powder with paraffin to obtain a mixture. Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
Example 14
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (2), and step (2) of the present embodiment is as follows: respectively weighing diamond particles and each component forming composite powder according to the proportion, wherein Co, VC and Cr are contained in the composite powder3C2And WC in mass percent: 25% of Co, 1.5% of VC, 1.5% of Cr3C2The balance being WC; the diamond particles account for 60 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
And mixing the diamond particles and the components of the composite powder with paraffin to obtain a mixture. Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
Example 15
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of the present embodiment are the same as steps (1), (3), (4) and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (2), and step (2) of the present embodiment is as follows: respectively weighing diamond particles and each component forming composite powder according to the proportion, wherein Co, VC and Cr are contained in the composite powder3C2And 27% by mass of WC, 73% by mass of WC; the diamond particles account for 60 percent of the mass sum of the diamond particles and the composite powder.
And mixing the diamond particles and the components of the composite powder with paraffin to obtain a mixture. Wet grinding the mixture for 48h at the ball milling speed of 200r/min, then drying at 60 ℃, sieving and granulating the mixture, dewaxing at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h under vacuum to obtain the diamond coating.
Example 16
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite grinding head, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of super aluminum powder coating body
And respectively weighing nano aluminum powder, Zn powder, Cu powder, Mn powder, Zr powder, B powder and TiC powder according to a proportion, mixing the components, and wet-milling the mixture for 48 hours at a ball-milling speed of 200r/min to prepare the super aluminum powder. The weight percentage of each component is as follows: 1.5% of Zn, 1.5% of Cu, 1% of Mn, 1.5% of Zr, 1.5% of B, 2.0% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder.
Super aluminum powder is dispersed in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form dispersion liquid, and acetylacetone nickel is dissolved in the ethylene glycol dimethyl ether to form solution. And mixing the solution with the dispersion liquid according to the proportion that the super aluminum powder accounts for 75 percent of the sum of the mass of the nickel acetylacetonate and the super aluminum powder, enabling the nickel acetylacetonate to be spontaneously adsorbed on the super aluminum powder in the glycol dimethyl ether liquid, and drying by natural volatilization after adsorption is completed to prepare the nickel-coated super aluminum powder coating body with a core-shell structure.
(2) Preparation of ceramic powder
And uniformly mixing the diamond particles and the super aluminum powder coating body to prepare the ceramic powder. The mass percentage of diamond particles in the ceramic powder is 20%.
The ceramic powder has poor fluidity, and 3D printing cannot be performed by a laser selective melting (SLM)3D direct printing method.
Example 17
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (1), (2), (3), and (5) of this embodiment are the same as steps (1), (2), (3), and (5) of embodiment 1, and compared with the embodiment, the difference is step (4), when the ceramic powder is subjected to Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D direct printing in step (4) of this embodiment, the preset grinding wheel head model is different from that of embodiment 1, the preset grinding wheel head model of this embodiment is a porous grinding wheel head model, but the size is the same as that of the solid grinding wheel head of embodiment 1. The porous grinding wheel head prepared in this example is made of a material in a porous form by 3D direct printing, the porous form of the material is shown in fig. 1, and in other embodiments, the porous grinding wheel head can be printed with pores in other shapes.
Example 18
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a high-performance composite material grinding head, which comprises the steps of (1) preparation of a super aluminum powder coating body, (2) preparation of a diamond coating body, (3) preparation of ceramic powder, (4) Selective Laser Melting (SLM)3D printing by a 3D direct printing method, and (5) heat treatment.
Steps (2) to (5) of this example are the same as steps (2) to (5) of example 1, except that the nano-sized aluminum powder used in step (1) of this example is Al6061 aluminum powder.
The fracture toughness and the wear resistance of the wheel heads prepared in the above examples were respectively tested in accordance with ASTM E399 and ASTM B611, and the vickers hardness of the wheel heads prepared in the examples were respectively tested, and the test results are shown in table 1 below. The life of the wheel heads prepared in examples 1 and 17 was also tested in comparison.
Table 1 results of performance tests of grinding wheel head prepared in each example
Figure BDA0002193104560000171
The fracture toughness of the grinding wheel head prepared in example 1 is as high as 30.5 MPa.m1/2The wear resistance is up to 3.3krev/mm3Vickers hardness up to 1812HV30Excellent properties are exhibited in all of toughness, wear resistance and hardness. The service life of the embodiment 1 is 28min, the service life of the embodiment 17 is 35min, the service life of the porous grinding wheel head can be prolonged by the pore structure, the weight of the grinding wheel can be reduced, and the ceramic powder disclosed by the invention is suitable for manufacturing the porous grinding wheel head.
The technical contents of the present invention are further illustrated by the examples, so as to facilitate the understanding of the reader, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any technical extension or re-creation based on the present invention is protected by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high-performance composite material grinding head is characterized in that ceramic powder consisting of a super aluminum powder coating body and a diamond coating body is manufactured by 3D printing; the mass percentage of the diamond coating in the ceramic powder is 18-25%;
the super aluminum powder coating body is composed of a core body and nickel coated outside the core body, the core body is super aluminum powder, and the super aluminum powder is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-2% of Zn, 0.5-2% of Cu, 0.5-1% of Mn, 0.5-2% of Zr, 0.5-2% of B, 2-2.5% of TiC and the balance of nano aluminum powder, wherein the nano aluminum powder is Al7075 aluminum powder or Al6061 aluminum powder;
the diamond coating body is composed of diamond particles and composite powder coated outside the diamond particles, and the composite powder is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 15-30% of Co, 0.5-1% of VC, 0.5-1% of Cr3C2And the balance is WC.
2. The high-performance composite material grinding head according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the super aluminum powder in the super aluminum powder coating body is 60-90%.
3. The high performance composite grinding head according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of diamond particles in the diamond clad body is 50-70%.
4. The high performance composite grinding head according to claim 3, wherein the diamond particles have a particle size of 30 to 35 μm.
5. The high-performance composite grinding head according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mass percentage of diamond coated in the ceramic powder is 20%.
6. A method of making a high performance composite grinding head as defined in claim 1, including the steps of:
s1 preparation of super aluminum powder coating: uniformly mixing all components for forming the super aluminum powder by a wet ball milling method to obtain the super aluminum powder; then, dispersing the super aluminum powder in glycol dimethyl ether to form a dispersion solution, and dissolving nickel acetylacetonate in the glycol dimethyl ether to form a solution; then uniformly mixing the dispersion liquid and the solution, and naturally volatilizing and drying the mixture to obtain a super aluminum powder coating body;
preparation of S2 diamond coating: uniformly mixing all components for forming the diamond coating by a wet ball milling method, and then sintering to obtain the diamond coating;
s3 preparation of ceramic powder: uniformly mixing the diamond coating and the super aluminum powder coating to prepare ceramic powder;
s4, carrying out laser selective melting 3D direct printing on the ceramic powder to form a grinding head;
s5 heat treatment: and (4) placing the grinding head at 500-plus-700 ℃ for hot isostatic pressing sintering for 1h to prepare the high-performance composite grinding head.
7. The method for manufacturing a high-performance composite material grinding head according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, diamond particles, Co, VC, Cr are mixed3C2Mixing with paraffin to obtain a mixture; and performing ball milling, drying, sieving, granulating, dewaxing and sintering on the mixture in sequence to obtain the diamond coating body.
8. The method for preparing a high-performance composite material grinding head according to claim 7, wherein in step S2, the mixture is wet-milled for 48h at a ball milling speed of 200r/min, then is dried at 60 ℃, and after sieving and granulating, the mixture is dewaxed at 400 ℃ for 2h in hydrogen, and then is sintered for 2h under a vacuum condition of 1200 ℃ to obtain the diamond coating body.
9. The method for preparing a high-performance composite material grinding head according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, the basic power of the laser during the 3D printing process is 530W, the scanning pitch is 0.06mm, and the scanning speed is 900 mm/S; the diameter of the light spot is 95 μm, and the energy density is 107W/cm2；N2Printing is done in the atmosphere, N2The pressure of (A) was 0.2 MPa.
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