CN112137423B - Paint and cooking utensil - Google Patents
Paint and cooking utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112137423B CN112137423B CN202010597768.7A CN202010597768A CN112137423B CN 112137423 B CN112137423 B CN 112137423B CN 202010597768 A CN202010597768 A CN 202010597768A CN 112137423 B CN112137423 B CN 112137423B
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- stick
- inorganic porous
- porous material
- layer
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title description 45
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D127/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D127/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D127/12—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
- C09D127/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
Abstract
The application provides a coating and a cooking utensil, wherein the coating comprises a non-stick coating, and the coating also comprises an inorganic porous material and a heat conducting material; the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% -20%; the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material is not less than 30W/mK. The heat conductivity of the non-adhesive layer can be improved, and the heat conductivity of the non-adhesive layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of non-stick materials, in particular to a coating and a cooking utensil.
Background
The non-stick paint is a special paint with the surface of the coating not easy to be adhered by other sticky substances or easy to be removed after being adhered, has the advantages of small friction coefficient, low surface energy, non-stick, good weather resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of household appliances, cooking cookware, automobiles and the like. Cooking appliances such as a conventional non-stick pan are used for cooking foods, have the advantages of non-stick pan for frying/frying foods, less oil smoke, easy cleaning and the like, and have been popular among consumers since the advent of the prior art. Along with the development of economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the requirements on cooking appliances are higher and higher, so that the improvement of the service performance of the non-stick layer is always the direction of scientific researchers.
The existing cooking utensil can achieve the non-stick effect by coating the non-stick coating on the surface of the utensil to form a non-stick layer. However, the non-stick coating obtained by coating the existing non-stick coating has the defect that the non-stick coating can quickly lose efficacy under the conditions of high alkalinity and surface abrasion, and the non-stick service life is short; in addition, the existing non-stick coating, especially fluorine-containing coating, has poor heat conduction performance, which results in slow heating of the cooking utensil.
The non-stick life of the non-stick layer can be prolonged by adding the inorganic porous material into the non-stick coating, but the problem that the cooking utensil is slowly heated in the use process still occurs due to the low heat conductivity and more micropores of the inorganic porous material.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a coating and a cooking utensil for improving the heat conductivity of a non-stick layer and improving the heat conductivity of the non-stick layer.
A first aspect of the present application provides a coating comprising a non-stick coating, the coating further comprising an inorganic porous material and a thermally conductive material;
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% -20%;
the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material is not less than 30W/mK.
The coating comprises the non-stick coating, the inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material, and has good heat stability and high temperature resistance because the inorganic porous material has stable crystal and high melting point, so that the addition of the inorganic porous material on the base material of the existing non-stick coating increases the structural stability of the coating, and the coating is not easy to generate biomass change and aging in the cooking process. In addition, the inorganic porous material has high hardness and high mechanical strength, and is not easy to scratch, so that the durability of the coating can be effectively improved, and the service life of the coating is prolonged. The mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1-20%, so that the influence of excessive inorganic porous material on the film forming performance and the later construction performance of the coating is avoided. In addition, the paint contains a heat conduction material with a heat conduction coefficient not less than 30W/mK, so that the heat conduction rate of the paint can be effectively improved, and a non-stick layer formed by the paint has good heat conduction performance. In addition, the inorganic porous material also has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption, so that the non-stick performance of the non-stick coating can be assisted.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the heat conducting material in the coating is 1% -5%, so that the heat conductivity of the coating can be improved, the non-stick layer formed by the coating has good heat conducting performance, and the film forming performance of the coating is not affected, so that the coating can form a smooth continuous non-stick layer.
Optionally, the granularity of the inorganic porous material and the granularity of the heat conducting material are 300-2000 meshes, so that the inorganic porous material has a complete surface structure, the inorganic porous material has good non-stick performance, the inorganic porous material, the heat conducting material and the non-stick paint are uniformly mixed, and a smooth and uniform non-stick layer is formed on the surface of the vessel.
Optionally, the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite which are mixed in any proportion, that is, the inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, and the raw materials are convenient to obtain, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Optionally, the heat conducting material is any proportion mixture of one or more of aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide or zinc oxide.
Optionally, the coating further comprises a self-lubricating material, wherein the mass ratio range of the self-lubricating material to the inorganic porous material is as follows: 1:4-1:1. The self-lubricating material also has good heat conductivity coefficient, so that the heat transfer is good, and the heat conductivity of the non-adhesive layer can be improved when the self-lubricating material is added into the coating. The self-lubricating material has non-stick performance due to the self-lubricating and porous oil absorption characteristics of the lamellar crystals, so that the requirement of the non-stick coating on the non-stick performance can be met; in addition, the self-lubricating material has stable crystal, high melting point and high hardness, is favorable for improving the stability, heat resistance and hardness of the non-stick layer, and prolongs the service life of the coating. However, the self-lubricating material has poor bonding performance, and the formed coating is easy to fall off, so the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material to the inorganic porous material is as follows: 1:4-1:1, otherwise the adhesive force of the non-adhesive layer is affected.
The second aspect of the application provides a cooking utensil, which comprises a vessel, wherein a non-stick layer is arranged on the surface of the vessel, the non-stick layer is coated by a paint, and the paint comprises non-stick paint, inorganic porous material and heat conducting material;
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% -20%;
the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material is not less than 30W/mK.
Optionally, the non-stick layer comprises at least a primer layer applied to the surface of the vessel and a middle coating applied to the side of the primer layer facing away from the vessel;
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the bottom coating is 5% -15%; and/or
The mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the middle coating is 5-10%.
In the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil, the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material allowed in the bottom coating is larger, and the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material allowed in the middle coating is smaller, so that the bottom coating has longer non-stick performance than the middle coating, and the service life of the cooking utensil is prolonged.
Optionally, the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating, the cooking utensil further comprises a top coating, the top coating is coated on one side of the middle coating, which is away from the bottom coating, and the top coating is formed by coating the fluorine-containing coating.
Because the fluorine-containing paint has higher non-stick performance and film forming performance, the non-stick performance of the inorganic porous material is slightly inferior to that of the fluorine-containing paint, and the film forming performance is poor; the non-stick layer of the cooking utensil adopts the fluorine-containing paint to form the surface coating, so that the non-stick effect of the cooking utensil in the initial stage of use can be optimized, the non-stick layer can form a smooth and flat surface, the non-stick layer adopts the paint to form the bottom coating and/or the middle coating, and the cooking utensil can have a lasting non-stick effect.
Alternatively, the total thickness of the non-stick layer and the top coat layer is 30 μm to 45 μm, in which thickness range, it is possible to ensure that the non-stick layer completely covers the vessel, and to provide the non-stick layer with a good hardness and a high non-stick property, and also to provide the non-stick layer with a good appearance and a good workability.
Optionally, the vessel is provided with a concave-convex structure on the side facing the non-adhesive layer, the concave-convex structure comprises a plurality of convex parts, and the area of the cross section of each convex part is 0.04-1 mm 2 ；
The distance between two adjacent protruding parts is 0.08-0.4 mm.
The concave-convex structure is arranged on one side of the vessel facing the non-adhesive layer, and comprises a plurality of convex parts, and the concave-convex structure can further enable the surface of the non-adhesive layer to be in a concave-convex structure, so that the phenomenon of adhesion caused by large-area contact between food materials and the bottom of the pan is prevented, the wear resistance can be enhanced, the non-adhesive service life is prolonged, the contact area between the turner and the non-adhesive layer can be reduced, the turner is prevented from scratching or wearing the non-adhesive layer, and the wear resistance of the non-adhesive layer is enhanced; by means of an adjustable design of the dimensions of the projections, it is ensured that the desired wear resistance and durable non-tackiness is achieved; when the cross section of the protruding part is too large or the interval between two adjacent protruding parts is too small, the food material or the turner and the protruding parts form large-area contact, and still can cause adhesion or abrasion; when the cross section of the protruding part is too small or the interval between two adjacent protruding parts is too large, the strength of the protruding part is too small or the stress is too large, and the protruding part is easy to break integrally and fall off.
Optionally, the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of protrusions accounts for 40% -60% of the cross-sectional area of the relief structure. If the density of the convex parts is too small, smooth groove areas among the convex parts cannot be protected, and the convex parts are easy to scratch, damage and fall off; if the density of the protruding part is too large, the area of the groove area is small, the effect of enhancing the lasting non-tackiness is weak, and the groove is too narrow, so that the dirt attached to the inside is not easy to clean, and the use experience is affected.
Optionally, the concave-convex structure further comprises a plurality of concave parts, and the range of the height difference between the highest position of each convex part and the lowest position of each concave part is 0.02-0.1 mm. The height difference can not only play a role in improving the lasting non-stick life, but also avoid the problems of non-stick reduction, large contact resistance with a turner and inconvenient use caused by too large roughness.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure of a cooking appliance according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1-a vessel;
2-a non-stick layer;
20-an undercoat layer;
22-a middle coating;
24-top coat.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance unless explicitly specified or limited otherwise; the term "plurality" means two or more, unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," and the like in the embodiments of the present application are described in terms of angles shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In the context of this document, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element through intervening elements.
The embodiment of the application provides a coating, which comprises a non-stick coating, an inorganic porous material and a heat conducting material, wherein the non-stick coating can be any existing non-stick coating, such as a fluorine-containing coating or a ceramic coating, and the like, that is, the inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material are added on the basis of the existing non-stick coating to form a new coating; the inorganic porous material has stable crystal and high melting point, so that the inorganic porous material has better thermal stability and high temperature resistance, and the addition of the inorganic porous material on the base material of the existing non-stick coating increases the structural stability of the coating, so that the coating is not easy to generate biomass change and aging in the cooking process. In addition, the inorganic porous material has high hardness and high mechanical strength, and is not easy to scratch, so that the durability of the coating can be effectively improved, and the service life of the coating is prolonged. In addition, the paint contains a heat conduction material with a heat conduction coefficient not less than 30W/mK, so that the heat conduction rate of the paint can be effectively improved, and a non-stick layer formed by the paint has good heat conduction performance. In addition, the inorganic porous material also has non-stick performance due to the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption, so that the non-stick performance of the non-stick coating can be assisted.
Further, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% -20%, so that the influence of excessive inorganic porous material on the film forming performance and the later construction performance of the coating is avoided; when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is more than 20%, the inorganic porous material is too much, resulting in difficulty in forming a smooth and uniform coating layer of the coating material, or in difficulty in bonding the coating material to the vessel 1, resulting in easy falling of the coating layer; when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is less than 1%, the inorganic porous material is too small to effectively function, and the coating layer is still easily worn and rapidly loses the non-stick property.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating may be, for example, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5% or 20%, etc., typical but not limiting.
Further, the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite. And because the materials of diatomite, bentonite or zeolite have similar characteristics, the materials have similar low surface energy, microporous structure, stable crystal, melting point and hardness, which can influence the non-stick property and the non-stick service life. Thus, when the inorganic porous material is a mixture of a plurality of kinds of diatomaceous earth, bentonite or zeolite (a plurality of kinds in this application, including two kinds and more), the inorganic porous material is mixed in an arbitrary ratio of any of the plurality. The inorganic porous material is made of natural inorganic porous materials such as diatomite, bentonite or zeolite, and the like, the raw materials are convenient to obtain, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In particular, inorganic porous materials have non-stick properties due to the low surface energy and porous oil absorption properties. Taking diatomite as an example to describe the non-stick performance of the inorganic porous material in detail, the diatomite is composed of amorphous hydrous silicon dioxide, the silicon dioxide is of an amorphous structure, and atoms are arranged in a three-dimensional space in a short-range ordered way and a long-range disordered way, so that the surface energy is smaller, and the diatomite layer has better non-stick performance; in addition, the diatomite has a special porous structure, the pore diameter is in the micron level, and a large amount of edible oil can be adsorbed in the use process, so that a layer of oil film is always maintained on the surface of the diatomite layer, the non-stick performance of the diatomite layer is further enhanced, and the cooking utensil achieves a good non-stick effect.
Further, the mass ratio of the heat conducting material in the coating is less than or equal to 5%; preferably is: 1% -5%, for example, the coating material may contain 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% or 5% of the heat conductive material by mass. In the range, the heat conductivity of the paint can be improved, so that the non-stick layer 2 formed by the paint has better heat conduction performance, and the film forming performance of the paint is not influenced, thereby enabling the paint to form a smooth continuous non-stick layer 2; when the mass ratio of the heat conductive material is more than 5%, the heat conductive material is excessive, resulting in difficulty in forming a smooth and uniform non-stick layer 2 of the coating; when the mass ratio of the heat conductive material is less than 1%, the heat conductive material is too small to effectively function, and the improvement of the heat conductive property of the non-adhesive layer 2 is not obvious.
Further, the heat conducting material is one or more of aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide or zinc oxide which are mixed in any proportion, so that the heat conducting material has higher heat conducting coefficient, is mature in process and easy to realize, and the manufacturing cost of the coating is reduced.
The self-lubricating material can be added in the paint, and the self-lubricating material also has good heat conductivity coefficient, so that the heat transfer is good, and the heat conductivity of the non-adhesive layer 2 can be improved when the self-lubricating material is added in the paint. The self-lubricating material has non-stick performance due to the self-lubricating and porous oil absorption characteristics of the lamellar crystals, so that the requirement of the non-stick coating on the non-stick performance can be met; in addition, the self-lubricating material has stable crystal, high melting point and high hardness, is favorable for improving the stability, heat resistance and hardness of the non-stick layer 2, and prolongs the service life of the coating. However, the self-lubricating material has poor bonding performance, and the formed coating is easy to fall off, so that the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material cannot be too high, otherwise, the adhesive force of the non-adhesive layer 2 is affected. Specifically, the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material to the inorganic porous material is in the range of 1:4-1:1.
The self-lubricating material can be one or a mixture of more of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, that is, the self-lubricating material is made of natural inorganic self-lubricating materials such as graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, and the raw materials are convenient to obtain, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced. Of course, the self-lubricating material may include two or more of graphite, graphite fluoride, and molybdenum disulfide at the same time. And because the material characteristics of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide are similar, layered crystals, microporous structures and crystals which can influence the non-adhesive performance and the non-adhesive service life in each material are stable, and the melting point and the hardness are similar, when the self-lubricating material is two or more than two of graphite, graphite fluoride or molybdenum disulfide, the powder of each material can be mixed according to any proportion to form a uniform coating.
In particular, the self-lubricating material has non-stick properties due to the self-lubricating and porous oil absorbing properties of the lamellar crystals. Taking natural crystalline graphite as an example to describe the non-stick performance of the self-lubricating material in detail, the natural crystalline graphite has a layered crystal structure, so that the natural crystalline graphite has good self-lubricating performance; the carbon atoms form a hexagonal reticular graphite layer surface by sp2 hybridization orbit, the bond energy between carbon and carbon belongs to a resonance R-bond, and the bond energy is as high as 627kJ/mol, so that the single-layer graphite layer surface has firm property and prevents mechanical scratch in the use process; the acting force between graphite layers belongs to weak van der Waals force, and the bond energy is only 5.4kJ/mol, so that the multi-layer graphite layers have good interlayer slip property, and the natural crystalline graphite has non-adhesive property. In addition, a plurality of gaps are arranged between the graphite lamellar structures, the size of the gaps is in the micron level, and a large amount of edible oil can be adsorbed in the actual use process, so that the surface always maintains a layer of oil film, and the non-stick performance is further enhanced.
The non-stick coating of the embodiments of the present application is an existing non-stick coating, such as a fluorine coating or a ceramic coating, and the like. In particular, fluorine paint has a low thermal conductivity, and thus, it is necessary to add an inorganic porous material and a thermal conductive material of the present application to improve thermal conductivity and abrasion resistance of the paint.
To illustrate the thermal conductivity of the above coatings of the examples of the present application, the examples of the present application were conducted with the comparative thermal conductivity test using the existing fluorine coating as a non-stick coating. Specifically, the existing fluorine paint, the fluorine paint added inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material are respectively coated on the surface of a vessel to form a coating, and the heat conducting performance of the coating is tested, and the comparative experiment is shown in tables 1-4.
Specific test procedures can be referred to as follows: the empty pot is placed on an experimental gas stove, a thermometer probe is fixedly attached to the center of the inner surface, a fire source is opened to the maximum, and the time for the temperature to rise to 300 ℃ is recorded.
Wherein, each sample number represents a group of sample cookware, the experimental result is the average value of the experimental result of the group of sample cookware, for example, 1# represents a group of existing fluorine paint non-stick cookware, and the time 140 is the average value of the time for heating the group of fluorine paint cookware to 300 ℃.
The parameters (such as shape, size, material, thickness, molding process, pretreatment, etc.) of the pot are identical except for the coating of the pot, and the rest of the experimental conditions are identical.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
From the data in tables 1 to 4, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity increases after the inorganic porous material is added to the fluorine-containing paint, and when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material exceeds 20%, the sample has an unacceptable non-stick coating, and thus the experimental test cannot be performed. After the heat conducting material is further added, the heat conductivity is obviously improved. When the addition amount of the heat conducting material is 1% -5%, the heat conducting performance is obviously enhanced, and the more the addition amount of the heat conducting material is, the more the heat conducting performance is obviously enhanced; when the addition amount of the heat conducting material is less than 1%, the heat conductivity of the coating is not obviously increased, and the heat conductivity still cannot meet the use requirement; when the addition amount of the heat conductive material exceeds 5%, film forming performance is affected, resulting in disqualification of the paint adhesion test. It is to be noted that, when the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material is less than 1%, and only a proper proportion of the heat conducting material is added, the qualification of the coating is not affected, and the coating also has good heat conducting property, but the non-stick property of the vessel is affected.
Further, the particle size of the inorganic porous material and the heat conductive material is 300 mesh to 2000 mesh, preferably 500 mesh to 1000 mesh, and typical but non-limiting, the particle size of the self-lubricating material may be 300 mesh, 400 mesh, 500 mesh, 600 mesh, 700 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1100 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1300 mesh, 1400 mesh, 1500 mesh, 1600 mesh, 1700 mesh, 1800 mesh, 1900 mesh, 2000 mesh, or the like, for example.
The inorganic porous material has a complete surface structure, so that the inorganic porous material has better non-stick performance, and the inorganic porous material, the heat conducting material and the non-stick coating can be uniformly mixed to form a smooth and uniform coating on the surface of the vessel 1; when the particle size of the inorganic porous material is smaller than 2000 mesh, the structure (such as a porous or layered crystal structure) of the inorganic porous material itself forming the non-sticking property is destroyed due to the undersize of the inorganic porous material, thereby losing the non-sticking property, and also the processing cost of the inorganic porous material is excessively high; when the particle size of the heat conductive material is smaller than 2000 mesh, the particle size of the heat conductive material is too small, resulting in an increase in cost; when the particle size of the inorganic porous material or the heat conductive material is more than 300 mesh, the inorganic porous material or the heat conductive material is difficult to be uniformly mixed with the non-stick coating due to the oversized inorganic porous material or the heat conductive material, or the surface of the coating formed by the coating is not smooth and has granular feel.
Specifically, the inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material are mixed with the non-stick coating after being ground, and the inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material are uniformly stirred and dispersed to form the coating provided by the embodiment of the application. The inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material can be respectively added into the non-stick paint, or the inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material can be uniformly mixed and then added into the non-stick paint.
The inorganic porous material and the heat conducting material can be added in the form of powder or slurry. Preferably, the inorganic porous material and/or the heat conducting material are ground to obtain a proper particle size, and then mixed with the non-stick coating in a powder state or a slurry state. When the inorganic porous material and/or the heat conducting material are added in a slurry state, mixing and ball milling the inorganic porous material and polyethylene glycol (0.1% -20%) in proportion to obtain powder; adding the powder obtained by ball milling into an aqueous solvent (at least one of water, ethanol, methanol and the like), adding a proper amount of auxiliary agents (such as a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and the like), and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry, wherein the concentration of the slurry is 1% -70%, and preferably 25% -50%.
Typically, but not by way of limitation, the slurry concentration (mass proportion of inorganic porous material in the slurry) may be, for example, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%, etc.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the application also provides a cooking utensil, which comprises a vessel 1, wherein the surface of the vessel 1 is provided with a non-stick layer 2, the non-stick layer 2 is coated by adopting a coating, and the components of the coating comprise a non-stick coating, an inorganic porous material and a heat conducting material; the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1% -20%; the heat conductive material has a heat conductivity of not less than 30W/mK.
Further, the non-stick layer 2 includes a primer layer 20 and a middle coating layer 22, the primer layer 20 is coated on the surface of the vessel 1, the middle coating layer 22 is coated on the side of the primer layer 20 facing away from the vessel 1, the primer layer 20 and/or the middle coating layer 22 are coated by using a paint, at least one of the primer layer 20 and the middle coating layer 22 is coated by using the paint, at least the durability and the thermal conductivity of the primer layer 20 or the middle coating layer 22 can be increased, thereby prolonging the service life of the non-stick layer 2 and improving the thermal conductivity of the non-stick layer 2.
Further, the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the undercoat layer 20 is 5% to 15%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%, etc.; or the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the intermediate coating layer 22 is 5% to 10%, for example, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%, etc. More preferably, the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the undercoat layer 20 is 5% to 15%, and the mass proportion of the inorganic porous material in the undercoat layer 22 is 5% to 10%. The mass ratio of the inorganic porous material allowed in the primer layer 20 is larger and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material allowed in the middle coating layer 22 is smaller, so that the primer layer 20 has a longer-lasting non-stick property than the middle coating layer 22, thereby prolonging the service life of the cooking appliance.
Further, the non-stick coating may be a fluorine-containing coating, and the cooking apparatus provided in this embodiment of the present application further includes a top coating 24, where the top coating 24 is coated on a side of the middle coating 22 facing away from the bottom coating 20, to form a non-stick surface of the vessel 1, and the top coating 24 is coated with the fluorine-containing coating. Because the fluorine-containing paint has higher non-stick performance and film forming performance, the non-stick performance of the inorganic porous material is slightly inferior to that of the fluorine-containing paint, and the film forming performance is poor; the non-stick layer 2 of the cooking appliance is formed by using the fluorine-containing paint to form the top coating 24, so that the non-stick effect of the cooking appliance in the initial stage of use can be optimized, the vessel 1 can be formed into a smooth and flat non-stick surface, and the non-stick layer 2 is formed by using the paint to form the bottom coating 20 and/or the middle coating 22, so that the cooking appliance can have a durable non-stick effect. It will be appreciated that the cooking appliance may also not include a top coating 24, such that the middle coating 22 directly forms the non-stick surface of the non-stick layer 2.
Specifically, in the initial stage of use of the cooking appliance, the top coating 24 plays a role in non-sticking, so that the non-sticking performance of the cooking appliance is optimal; with the increasing use time, after the topcoat 24 wears or falls off to reduce the non-tackiness to a certain extent or completely disappears, the intercoat 22 or the basecoat containing the inorganic porous material is exposed, thereby allowing the inorganic porous material to exert a non-tackiness effect and extending the non-tackiness life of the non-tackiness layer 2.
Further, the total thickness of the non-adhesive layer 2 and the top coat layer 24 is 30 μm to 45 μm, and within this thickness range, it is possible to ensure that the non-adhesive layer 2 completely covers the vessel 1, and to provide the non-adhesive layer 2 with a good hardness and a high non-adhesive property, and also to provide the non-adhesive layer 2 with a good appearance and a good workability.
Further, the surface of the vessel 1 is provided with an intermediate roughness on the side facing the non-stick layer 2. In one of the embodiments, the above-mentioned intermediate roughness structure can be a concave-convex structure provided on the side of the vessel 1 facing the non-adhesive layer 2.
Specifically, the above-mentioned concave-convex structure may be a wave-shaped grain, a concave-convex dot structure or a concave-convex pattern structure, etc., and the concave-convex structure further enables the surface of the non-stick layer 2 to present a concave-convex surface, that is, the non-stick powder only needs to be uniformly coated on the surface of the middle coarse structure, so that the non-stick layer 2 maintains a uniform thickness, and the surface of the non-stick layer 2 presents a concave-convex surface, so as to reduce the macroscopic contact area between the food material or the slice and the non-stick layer 2. Specifically, when the food is cooked, the food is only contacted with the raised part (such as the raised part) and separated from the recessed part (such as the recessed part), so that the phenomenon of adhesion caused by large-area contact between the food and the bottom of the pan is prevented, the wear resistance is enhanced, and the non-stick service life is prolonged; similarly, when the turner is used for stirring food materials, the turner is only in contact with the raised part and separated from the recessed part, so that the contact area of the turner and the non-stick layer 2 can be reduced, the turner is prevented from scratching or wearing the non-stick layer 2, and the wear resistance of the non-stick layer 2 is enhanced.
Further, the concave-convex structure comprises a plurality of protruding parts, the non-adhesive layer 2 of the protruding parts can be removed by sanding, polishing and the like, namely, the protruding parts are exposed on the surface of the non-adhesive layer 2, so that a reliable protection effect is achieved on the non-adhesive layer 2. The protruding parts can be distributed in a discrete mode or can be distributed regularly or randomly and irregularly.
Further, the area of the cross section of the single convex part is 0.04-1 mm 2 For example 0.04mm 2 、0.05mm 2 、0.06mm 2 、0.08mm 2 、0.1mm 2 、0.14mm 2 、0.16mm 2 、0.18mm 2 、0.2mm 2 、0.25mm 2 、0.3mm 2 、0.4mm 2 、0.5mm 2 、0.6mm 2 、0.7mm 2 、0.8mm 2 、0.9mm 2 Or 1mm 2 Etc.; the spacing d1 between two adjacent projections is 0.08 to 0.4mm, for example 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm, 0.15mm, 0.18mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm or 0.4mm, etc.
By means of an adjusted design of the dimensions of the projections, it is ensured that the desired wear resistance and durable non-tackiness is achieved. When the cross section of the protruding part is too large or the interval between two adjacent protruding parts is too small, the food material or the turner and the protruding parts form large-area contact, and still can cause adhesion or abrasion; when the cross section of the protruding part is too small or the interval between two adjacent protruding parts is too large, the strength of the protruding part is too small or the stress is too large, and the protruding part is easy to break integrally and fall off.
Further, the width W1 of the cross section of the single boss is 0.1 to 1mm, that is, the edge of the cross section of the boss, the minimum dimension between any two points is not less than 0.1mm, and the maximum dimension between any two points is not more than 1mm, for example, the width of the cross section of the boss may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, or the like. In this range, the protruding portion can have a proper cross-sectional area, and the overall strength of the protruding portion meets the use requirement, so that the protruding portion is prevented from being broken along a certain direction due to undersize along the certain direction in the cross-section.
Further, the total cross-sectional area of the plurality of protrusions accounts for 40% -60%, such as 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% or the like, of the cross-sectional area of the concave-convex structure. If the density of the convex parts is too small, smooth groove areas among the convex parts cannot be protected, and the convex parts are easy to scratch, damage and fall off; if the density of the protruding part is too large, the area of the groove area is small, the effect of enhancing the lasting non-tackiness is weak, and the groove is too narrow, so that the dirt attached to the inside is not easy to clean, and the use experience is affected.
In some embodiments, the above concave-convex structure further includes a plurality of concave portions, and a height difference (height H1) between a highest position of each convex portion and a lowest position of each concave portion ranges from 0.02mm to 0.1mm, for example, the height difference may be 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, or 0.1mm. The height difference can not only play a role in improving the lasting non-stick life, but also avoid the problems of non-stick reduction, large contact resistance with a turner and inconvenient use caused by too large roughness.
The above-mentioned intermediate roughness structure, that is, the concave-convex structure, may be directly formed on the surface of the vessel 1, for example, by a method of die stamping, embossing, etching or casting, laser etching, etc. on the surface of the vessel 1. In other embodiments, the micro rough surface can be manufactured on the surface of the substrate by the methods of sand blasting, shot blasting, surface roughening, spraying, sintering, oxidation and the like; or the surface of the vessel 1 may be provided with a primer layer, with an intermediate roughness structure formed on the surface of the primer layer.
In particular, the fluorine-containing coating used in the examples of the present application may be of a commonly known type, such as commercially available products, or may be prepared by themselves using methods well known to those skilled in the art. For example, EZ-3700-6901-20A, EZ-3700-9501-20A, EZ-1900-6902-20A, EZ-1900-9501-20A, EZ-1900-6X01-20A, EZ-1900-9502-20A provided by Dain fluorine paint Co, or 465G-83300, 455K-09500, 465G-83270, 456K-09273, 459G-06190, 459K-09190, etc. provided by Komu chemical Co may be used.
One formulation of the fluorine-containing paint can be referred to as follows:
15-50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin (or derivative resin thereof such as PFA), 1-5 parts of pigment, 1-10 parts of filler, 0-10 parts of binder, 1-0 part of auxiliary agent (dispersing agent, emulsifying agent, stabilizing agent, defoaming agent, wetting agent and the like) and 10-30 parts of solvent, wherein the specific types of raw materials such as pigment, filler, binder and the like are not particularly limited, and reference can be made to the prior art.
The construction mode of the paint provided by the embodiment of the application for forming the cooking utensil in the cooking utensil can be referred to as follows:
(a) Dispersing the paint;
(b) Pretreating the vessel;
(c) Spraying a coating;
(d) The composite coating is sintered to form the non-stick layer 2.
Step (a) comprises mixing non-stick paint, inorganic porous material and heat conducting material, placing on a dispersing machine for rolling dispersion, and selecting proper dispersing conditions according to the requirement; for example, the dispersion conditions are 30 to 50rpm for 40min, and then filtered through a 100 to 200 mesh screen.
The step (b) comprises the steps of pre-treating the vessel, and then preheating the vessel after the pre-treatment, wherein the preheating temperature is about 30 ℃.
In the step (c), the base coat layer and the intermediate coat layer are sequentially sprayed or the base coat layer, the intermediate coat layer and the top coat layer are sequentially sprayed as required, the content of the inorganic porous material and/or the heat conducting material in the coating used for each layer can be the same or different, and in order to further increase the non-stick effect, the content of the inorganic porous material and/or the heat conducting material in the coating used for each layer is preferably different, and the coating used for each layer can be respectively dispersed.
The step (c) specifically comprises: spraying a base coat, uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of a vessel by adopting an air spray gun, wherein the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the film thickness is 15-30 mu m, and then drying for 6-12min at 80-120 ℃; spraying a middle coating, uniformly spraying the coating on the surface of a vessel by adopting an air spray gun, wherein the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, the film thickness is 8-20 mu m, and then drying for 4-8min at 60-80 ℃; the surface coating is sprayed, the air spray gun is adopted to uniformly spray the coating on the surface of the vessel, the atomization pressure is 0.1-0.4 Mpa, and the film thickness is 10-25 mu m.
In the step (d), the cooking utensil sprayed with the coating is placed in a sintering furnace to be sintered under the conditions of 60-100 ℃ for 3-6 min, and then the temperature is increased to 380-450 ℃ to be sintered for 4-8min.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A coating comprising a non-stick coating, wherein the coating further comprises an inorganic porous material and a thermally conductive material;
the non-stick coating comprises 15-50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 1-5 parts of pigment, 1-10 parts of filler, 0-10 parts of binder, 1-0 part of auxiliary agent and 10-30 parts of solvent;
the inorganic porous material has the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption, the granularity of the inorganic porous material is 300-2000 meshes, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1-20%;
the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material is not less than 30W/mK, and the mass ratio of the heat conduction material in the coating is 1% -5%.
2. The coating of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive material has a particle size of 300 mesh to 2000 mesh.
3. The coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic porous material is one or more of diatomaceous earth, bentonite or zeolite, mixed in any ratio.
4. The coating of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermally conductive material is any ratio of one or more of aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, or zinc oxide.
5. The coating according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a self-lubricating material, wherein the mass ratio of the self-lubricating material to the inorganic porous material is in the range of: 1:4-1:1.
6. The cooking utensil comprises a vessel (1), wherein a non-stick layer (2) is arranged on the surface of the vessel (1), and the non-stick layer (2) is coated by a coating, and is characterized in that the components of the coating comprise a non-stick coating, an inorganic porous material and a heat conducting material;
the non-stick coating comprises 15-50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene resin, 1-5 parts of pigment, 1-10 parts of filler, 0-10 parts of binder, 1-0 part of auxiliary agent and 10-30 parts of solvent;
the inorganic porous material has the characteristics of low surface energy and porous oil absorption, the granularity of the inorganic porous material is 300-2000 meshes, and the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the coating is 1-20%;
the heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction material is not less than 30W/mK, and the mass ratio of the heat conduction material in the coating is 1% -5%.
7. Cooking appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that the non-stick layer (2) comprises at least a primer layer (20) and a middle coating layer (22), the primer layer (20) being applied to the surface of the vessel (1), the middle coating layer (22) being applied to the side of the primer layer (20) facing away from the vessel (1);
the mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the bottom coating (20) is 5% -15%; and/or
The mass ratio of the inorganic porous material in the middle coating layer (22) is 5-10%.
8. The cooking appliance according to claim 7, wherein the non-stick coating is a fluorine-containing coating, the cooking appliance further comprising a top coating (24), the top coating (24) being applied to a side of the middle coating (22) facing away from the bottom coating (20), the top coating (24) being applied with a fluorine-containing coating.
9. Cooking appliance according to claim 8, the total thickness of the non-stick layer (2) and the top coating (24) being 30-45 μm.
10. Cooking appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that the side of the vessel (1) facing the non-stick layer (2) is provided with a relief structure comprising a plurality of protrusions, the cross-sectional area of the individual protrusions being 0.04-1 mm 2 ；
The distance between two adjacent protruding parts is 0.08-0.4 mm.
11. The cooking appliance of claim 10, wherein a total cross-sectional area of the plurality of bosses accounts for 40-60% of a cross-sectional area of the relief structure.
12. The cooking apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the concave-convex structure further comprises a plurality of concave portions, and a height difference between a highest position of each of the convex portions and a lowest position of each of the concave portions ranges from 0.02mm to 0.1mm.
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