CN112136707B - Ecological method for weeding and insect pest removing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological method for weeding and removing insect pests. The invention realizes weeding, insect killing precision, simplification and high efficiency of the chicken or duck raising and solves the bottleneck problems of weeding and insect killing. The problems of strict requirements on the age, the seedling age and the grass age of the chicken or the duck are solved through accurate chicken or duck herding, the elasticity of the age, the seedling age and the grass age of the chicken or the duck is increased, the chicken or duck herding efficiency is obviously improved, and the chicken or duck herding cost is reduced; the problems of seedling injury and seedling injury caused by the chicken or duck clustering in the process of herding chicken or duck are relieved.

Description

Ecological method for weeding and insect pest removing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of precise grazing, weeding and pest control, in particular to an ecological method for weeding and pest control.

Background

Weeds and insect pests are important factors influencing crop yield, particularly in the south of Yangtze river, the weeds and the insect pests grow and propagate quickly, and the difficulty of prevention and control is increased.

Weeds are one of the most main factors of crop yield reduction, and worldwide agriculture is lost for more than 950 hundred million dollars due to weeds, and the losses of diseases and insect pests are respectively the second and the third. The weed control cost of the farmland in China is about 7880 million hectares, the annual weed control cost is about 235 billion yuan RMB, the loss of grain, cotton and oil is 1460 million tons, and the direct economic loss is nearly billion yuan RMB. At present, in the world, the farmland weed prevention and control mainly uses chemical herbicides as main bodies, and the long-term large-scale use of the chemical herbicides seriously affects the environment and the quality of agricultural products and obviously reduces the biological diversity of the farmland. The long-term use of a single herbicide results in the development of drug resistance in weeds; the long residual effect of the herbicide causes the yield reduction of the next crop and even the land degradation. The ecological and grain safety is guaranteed, the green food production is developed, and the method is a common target of governments at all levels and vast urban and rural residents.

The rice is the main grain crop in China, the dry land crop is the most main crop in China, the yield reduction of the rice or the dry land crop caused by weed harm is 10-20%, and the yield reduction can reach more than 50% when the weed damage is serious. The crop production in China begins to change from the pure pursuit of high yield to the high-quality and high-yield on the premise of health and safety. The weed control reduces the use of chemical herbicides as much as possible, and advocates biological and ecological measures to comprehensively control weeds. Particularly, when organic crop products are produced, weed harm prevention and control become bottlenecks, and no effective technology for controlling weeds is available at present except for using herbicides in large-area crop production.

The pests in rice mainly comprise ampullaria gigas which are large in size, wide in feeding property, strong in adaptability, fast in growth and reproduction and high in yield, are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan and other provinces, and seriously damage the rice, so that the ampullaria gigas are a big harm to rice planting. China, as the second country of the world's rice planting area and the first country of rice production, is also affected by the exotic species Pomacea canaliculata. The ampullaria gigas eat rice, so that leaves are crazy to eat and young and tender to tillere after the rice is transplanted, and the newly-transplanted seedlings can be completely gnawed at night, so that the basic number of the seedlings of the rice is insufficient, and the normal growth of the rice is influenced. Even more than 30% of seedlings are seriously lost and the yield is reduced by more than 50%. The average annual economic loss can reach billions of yuan.

Common ampullaria gigas prevention and treatment means comprise manual snail picking, duck snail eating and drug application. However, the manual methods for picking and applying the pesticide consume manpower, and the duck eating the snails has the possibility of stepping on the seedlings to reduce the yield.

Patent CN 103477920B discloses an ecological weeding method based on the research of ecological weed control system for accelerating exhausted weed seed bank, which has good preventing and removing effect on weeds in rice and wheat continuous cropping field by filtering the irrigation water in rice field (blocking the propagation of weed seeds along with the irrigation water flow) and the ecological weed control technology for removing floating weed seeds in field soaking period (accelerating exhausted weed seed bank), and the density of weed seeds in soil seed bank is continuously decreased year by year.

Patent CN201910179404.4 discloses an ecological method for systematically controlling ampullaria gigas in a rice field by using tea seed cakes and a two-stage rice field duck breeding whole process. The method comprises the following steps: broadcasting 45-55 kg, preferably 50kg of tea seed cakes per mu after weeding and before transplanting; the rice field is surrounded by a nylon net with the height of 0.8-1.2 m, preferably 1m, so that ducks are raised and the foreign ampullaria gigas and weasel are controlled to be transplanted; 10d after the field is planted, putting the ducks in the first rice field in a sunny day, and utilizing the ducks to swallow the ampullaria gigas eggs and young snails on ridges, weeds and rice plants, wherein the ducks kill the large snails which are transplanted in along with the growth of the ducks; after heading of the rice, removing the first batch of the bred ducks from the rice field to prevent the big ducks from injuring the ears; and (3) when the rice enters the tillering end stage, the second batch of ducklings are required to be hatched out of shells, and after the ear-trim period, the second batch of ducks are placed in the rice, and the ampullaria gigas egg masses and the snails are continuously swallowed. The method can not only obviously reduce the cost of controlling the snails and increase the economic benefit, but also ensure that ducks and paddy rice produced in the rice field are free from pollution of pesticides and herbicides and are safer.

The invention patents and published documents have common characteristics in the aspect of preventing and controlling the harm of crop weeds and insect pests, and firstly, biological, ecological, chemical and physical methods are adopted for preventing and controlling; secondly, under the current and future green development backgrounds, the method is difficult to realize the large-area production without applying chemical pesticides and ensuring the production reduction.

The invention adopts a method for simulating artificial removal of weeds and pests and removal of ampullaria gigas, and adopts chicken or duck to replace artificial weeding, deinsectization and snail removal, and the implementation method is to utilize a pastoral rod. During the growth period of crops, farmers use the pastoral rods to guide chickens or ducks to walk in the field continuously and tread grass to capture snails; meanwhile, the bait can also be used for predating other larvae, larva egg masses and imagoes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ecological method for weeding and removing insect pests aiming at the defects in the prior farmland organic weeding, deinsectization and snail removal technologies, adopts biological weed control and insect prevention, and realizes no application of chemical pesticide in large-area production so as to ensure no reduction of yield.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses an ecological method for weeding and removing insect pests, which comprises the following steps:

s1, respectively putting waistcoats on a plurality of poultry, connecting each connecting piece with the waistcoat of one poultry, fixing the connecting buckle on the back of a herder, and enabling the poultry to be positioned among rows of crops;

s2, the grazing man walks between the crop rows and pulls the feet of the poultry to tread weeds and insect pests to walk one way;

s3, after one single pass is finished, the grazing person lifts the grazing pole, the feet of the poultry leave the ground, the grazing person drives one single pass width after going up a ridge, then drives in the starting point of the next single pass, the grazing pole is put down, and the feet of the poultry land; the herd travels forward and begins the next one-way operation.

Wherein, a single way refers to the travel from the ridge on one side of the field to the ridge on the opposite side, and the width of the single way refers to the width of the first cross beam and the second cross beam.

Further, in S1, the grazing person wears the waist shoulder strap, and the grazing pole is fixed on the waist shoulder strap on the back of the grazing person through the connecting buckle. The connecting buckle is convenient to be fixed on the back of the grazing person, and the height of the connecting buckle can be adjusted by adjusting the waist shoulder belt.

Further, in S3, the herdsman takes out the connector link, carries the pasture pole on the shoulder, turns 90 degrees after going up the ridge, turns 90 degrees after going one single-way width on the ridge, and then drives in the starting point of the next single-way.

One single pass is completed, the body of the grazing person squats, the connecting buckle ring of the waist and the grazing rod is unbuckled, the grazing rod is pulled down by the left hand, the left shoulder inclines leftwards to slide the grazing rod into the shoulder hole, the waist rod is straightened, the grazing rod drives the traction rope, the traction rope pulls the waistcoat, all chickens or ducks are tucked up, the feet of the chickens or ducks leave the ground, the grazing person turns 90 degrees leftwards, after walking for one single pass width in the field, the chickens or ducks turn 90 degrees leftwards to enter the starting point of the next single pass, the body squats, the grazing rod descends, the chickens or ducks fall, and the foot webs land; the herd travels forward and begins the next one-way operation.

If the ridge is too high, the grazing person turns, but the grazing pole does not turn, and the grazing pole is put down after reaching the starting point of the next journey, so that the next journey link is completed. If the weeds grow luxuriantly, the number of the chickens or ducks can be doubled, two chickens or ducks are arranged between every two rows, and each chicken or duck is connected with the herding stalk through an independent traction rope.

Further, if the crop is rice, selecting ducks for poultry, directly sowing the rice for 20 d-22 d or transplanting the rice for 8 d-10 d, and selecting precise grazing machine for poultry to graze ducks for weeding and pest killing on sunny days, wherein the age of the ducks is more than 35 d;

after direct seeding for 32d to 40d or after inserting into the field for 20d to 25d, selecting ducks which are herded by a precise poultry grazing machine for the second time on sunny days for weeding and pest killing, wherein the age of the ducks is 47d to 60 d;

if necessary, the duck is grazed by the precise grazing machine on sunny days for weeding and pest killing during the first time and the second time and during the period from the second time to ear emergence.

6-100 rice rows can be operated at one time, if the rice can be operated after ear emergence, the duck can randomly peck the rice ears at the top because the draw rope draws the waistcoat collar during operation. The rice is planted by adopting a machine transplanting mode, a strip direct seeding mode and a strip dibbling mode, the rice is required to be planted in rows, and ducks can conveniently and freely pass through the rows. Herbicide is not applied before and after operation, and herbicide is not applied in the whole growth period of the rice; and (5) conventional water and fertilizer management.

Further, if the crop is dry land crop, planting the dry land crop by machine seeding or direct seeding and hole planting, selecting chicken for poultry, directly seeding the dry land crop for 10 d-22 d or transplanting the dry land crop for 10 d-30 d, and selecting precise poultry grazing machine for grazing the chicken for weeding on sunny days, wherein the chicken age is more than 40 d;

selecting chickens to be herded by a precise domestic bird grazing machine for the second time in sunny days for weeding 32 d-40 d after direct seeding of dry land crops or 20 d-45 d after transplanting, wherein the age of the chickens is more than 60 d;

if necessary, the chickens can be grazed by the precise grazing machine for the poultry on a sunny day during the first time and the second time and during the period from the second time to the harvest.

Before the ecological method for weeding and removing insect pests is implemented, the dry land crops are planted in a machine sowing mode or a strip direct sowing mode or a hole planting mode, the dry land crops are required to be planted in rows, and the chickens can conveniently freely pass through the rows. The herbicide is not applied before the field is finished, and the herbicide is not applied in the whole growth period of crops; conventional water and fertilizer management; the problems of strict requirements on the age of chicken or duck, the age of seedling and the age of grass can be solved by adopting the pastoral, and the effects of killing grass, killing insects and killing snails are achieved.

Wherein, a pole is pastured to poultry accuracy, including pasturing pole, connector link, haulage rope, connecting piece and vest, the connector link sets up two at least, the connector link with pasturing pole fixed connection, the connector link is in the symmetry sets up on the pasturing pole, the haulage rope sets up many, and one end is fixed in on the pasturing pole, every the other end of haulage rope is fixed with the connecting piece, the connecting piece with the vest is connected.

The waistcoat is used for holding the poultry, and the feet of the poultry stand on the ground freely. Will graze the pole through the connector link and fix temporarily at the grazing person waist, graze the pole and be located grazing person back of the body, the grazing person goes forward, drives and grazes the pole to drive the haulage rope, every crop row spacing has a haulage rope, and the haulage rope pulls the vest and leads and the pocket holds in the palm the poultry afterbody, and the poultry follows up freely and laborsavingly. The precise chicken or duck grazing is realized in space, and the individual activity space of the chicken or duck grazing is precisely controlled; the group activity space can be accurately controlled, and the existing method is difficult to realize.

Furthermore, the pulling ropes are provided with an even number, the distance between two pulling ropes positioned in the middle is the width between two crop rows, and the distance between the other adjacent pulling ropes is the width between one crop row. The grazing man walks at the crop row spacing in the middle, and the poultry walks at the crop row spacing on both sides of the grazing man.

Further, the waistcoat comprises a front waistcoat, a rear waistcoat, a left waistcoat, a right waistcoat, a waistcoat collar and a waistcoat bottom pocket, the periphery of the waistcoat collar is connected with the upper portions of the front waistcoat, the rear waistcoat, the left waistcoat and the right waistcoat respectively, and the lower portions of the front waistcoat, the rear waistcoat, the left waistcoat and the right waistcoat are connected with the waistcoat bottom pocket respectively. The head of the poultry penetrates through the waistcoat collar, the bodies of the poultry are wrapped by the front waistcoat, the rear waistcoat, the left waistcoat and the right waistcoat and are fixed through the waistcoat bottom pocket, the hauling rope pulls the waistcoat collar, and the chicken or the duck can follow the poultry freely and laborsavingly in the grazing process. The head and neck of the chicken or duck can freely extend insects and eggs on the stalks of the predatory crops; the feet of the chicken or the duck move freely, and the chicken or the duck is accurately herded in space by treading weeds, insects or ampullaria gigas.

Further, the vest also comprises a connecting ring. The connecting ring is connected with the connecting piece, so that the connection is more stable and durable.

Further, the connecting piece is a connecting buckle or a connecting hook. The waistcoat is convenient to detach, and the waistcoat and the connecting piece are fixed after the poultry is put on the waistcoat.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) based on the characteristics of modern agriculture, the method is used for industrially weeding, killing insects and removing ampullaria gigas of the stocked chickens or ducks. Weeding, deinsectization and ampullaria gigas removal for chicken or ducks in pasture has been carried out for over 1000 years in China, and is essence in traditional agriculture, but under the background of modern agriculture, weeding, deinsectization and ampullaria gigas removal for chicken or ducks in pasture have not been industrialized, and professional services of weeding, deinsectization and ampullaria gigas removal for chicken or ducks in pasture are not provided, the reasons are that the artificial chicken or duck in pasture is difficult to control during operation of chicken or duck, and the fundamental reason is that the chicken or duck cannot be accurately controlled. The invention essentially solves the problem, operates the grazing pole, effectively controls the operation, the trip and the shed returning of the chicken or the duck, is served by a specialized household, and realizes industrialization.

(2) Based on the social service characteristics, the method mechanizes weeding, deinsectization and ampullaria gigas removal of the herded chickens or ducks. In order to realize weeding, deinsectization and ampullaria gigas removal of the chicken or the duck, the artificial chicken or the duck is required to be changed into the artificial precise chicken or duck. The invention creates a pasturing pole, commands the chicken or duck from holding the bamboo pole, cry out to changing into pasturing pole to lead, a chicken or duck is empty, a chicken or duck is in a line, prevent gathering, each is in a battle, avoid repeating, raise the efficiency, have realized the precision of pasturing chicken or duck;

(3) based on the biological characteristics of ducks and rice or chickens and dry land crops, the unconstrained coupling of the ducks, the rice or the chickens and the dry land crops is realized, and the space-time two-dimensional accurate operation is realized. The artificial herding chicken or duck has the effects of weeding, killing insects and removing ampullaria gigas, is restricted by the seedling condition, the grass condition and the chicken or duck condition, is difficult to operate at a preset time, and adopts the herding rod operation to increase the time elasticity and can freely operate all the time; the traditional method is difficult to operate in a preset space due to the seedling condition, the grass condition and the chicken or duck condition, and adopts a stem raising operation to strengthen the longitudinal movement of the chicken or duck, restrict the transverse movement of the chicken or duck and realize accurate operation. A limiting factor for weeding, killing insects and removing ampullaria gigas in herding chickens or ducks is that the size of the crop individual must be matched with that of the chickens or ducks, namely the chickens or ducks grow in the early stage and the chickens or ducks grow in the middle and later stages. However, in practice, due to the change of climate, epidemic situation, and seedling situation, the phenomena of young chicken or duck, grass chicken or duck are often caused, and the chicken or duck is raised in the field. The invention utilizes the pastoral rod to improve the elasticity of crop seedlings, chickens or ducks in operation, namely if the young chickens or ducks are big, the chickens or the ducks can be limited to operate longitudinally between rows, the seedlings are prevented from being trampled, the normal operation can be realized, the optimal time period operation of grabbing, weeding, killing insects and removing snails is ensured, and the farming season is not missed and the precise prevention and control are realized. As a large-scale planting house, adult chickens or ducks can be cultivated all the year round, once weeds germinate and emerge, the chickens or the ducks are herded, and the weeds are killed in a germinating state. The elimination of weeds in the bud is the key to weeding, but it is difficult to apply chemical herbicide due to climate (such as rain), too deep water layer in recent years (such as continuous rain), and the like, because chemical herbicide is difficult to apply and is not effective when applied in rain or in conditions where the water layer is too deep. The method of the invention can realize all-weather and full-seedling operation. If migratory flying pest outbreak, but night work improves the timeliness, and the person of herding disposes the helmet lamp during the operation to dispose 4 ~ 20 direct current electric lights on herding the pole.

(4) The pastoral rod is used for multiple operations, so that weeds, pests and ampullaria gigas can be completely and powerfully killed;

(5) pesticides and chemical synthetic agents are not used, so that the harm to farmland organisms is avoided;

(6) the weeds and the ampullaria gigas are effectively controlled in the whole process, and other insect pests are controlled at the same time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a precise poultry farming rod according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the waistcoat according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the grazing person wearing the waist and shoulder straps on the back side.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the grazing person wearing the waist and shoulder straps on the front side.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the precise poultry farming pole comprises a farming pole 1, a connecting buckle 2, a traction rope 3, a connecting piece 4 and a waistcoat 5. Connecting buckle 2 sets up two at least, connecting buckle 2 with pastoral pole 1 fixed connection, connecting buckle 2 symmetry setting on pastoral pole 1, haulage rope 3 sets up many, and one end is even symmetry fixed on pastoral pole 1, and every haulage rope 3's the other end is fixed with connecting piece 4, and connecting piece 4 is connected with vest 5. The pulling ropes 3 are provided with 12 pulling ropes, the distance between the two pulling ropes 3 positioned in the middle is the width between two crop rows, and the distance between the other adjacent pulling ropes 3 is the width between one crop row. The connecting piece 4 is a connecting buckle.

As shown in fig. 2, the waistcoat 5 includes a front waistcoat, a rear waistcoat 6, a left waistcoat 7, a right waistcoat 8, a waistcoat collar 9 and a waistcoat bottom pocket 10, the circumference of the waistcoat collar 9 is respectively connected with the upper parts of the front waistcoat, the rear waistcoat 6, the left waistcoat 7 and the right waistcoat 8, and the lower parts of the front waistcoat, the rear waistcoat 6, the left waistcoat 7 and the right waistcoat 8 are respectively connected with the waistcoat bottom pocket 10. The vest 5 can be connected to the connecting element 4 by a vest collar 9 or can be connected to the connecting element 4 by a connecting ring. The arrow in fig. 2 indicates the direction of advance of the birds, the left foot of the birds being indicated with 11, the right foot of the birds being indicated with 12, the heads of the birds passing through the waistcoat collar 9, and the bodies of the birds being enclosed by the front, rear, left and right waistcoat lines 6, 7, 8 and the bottom pockets 10.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the grazing person wears the waist-shoulder strap, which is provided with two connection rings 14 for connecting with the connection buttons 2.

The invention is composed of two parts, one part is a crop management system, and the other part is a pastoral system. On the premise of planting rice in a machine-transplanting or strip direct sowing mode or a strip dibbling mode or planting dry land crops in a strip direct sowing mode or a hole planting mode, the crops are planted in rows, the width between rice rows is required to be more than or equal to 20cm, the width between dry land crop rows is required to be more than or equal to 15cm, and free passage of chickens or ducks between the rows is facilitated; the plant spacing is reduced as much as possible on the premise of not influencing the growth of crops, and the physical space formed by the stem and leaf groups of the crops is utilized to inhibit weeds without considering the crossing of chickens or ducks among the plants. The method comprises the steps of using a stem to operate, putting ducks of more than 25 days old or chickens of more than 40 days old on waistcoats of proper size, temporarily fixing the waistcoats on stem at waist through retaining rings, tying a traction rope at intervals of crop row spacing, and drawing the waistcoat collar by the traction rope so that the chickens or ducks can follow the waistcoats freely and laborsavingly. The head and neck of the chicken or duck can freely extend insects and eggs on the stalks of the predatory crops; the feet of the chicken or the duck move freely, and the chicken or the duck is accurately herded in space by treading on weeds and ampullaria gigas. The pasture rod can work 6-100 crop rows at a time, one crop row is completed, the body of a pasture person squats, the connecting buckle ring of the waist and the pasture rod is unlocked, the pasture rod is pulled down by the left hand, the pasture rod is slid into the shoulder hole by the left shoulder being inclined to the left, and the waist rod is straightened. The position numbered 13 in fig. 1 corresponds to the position of the shoulder hole of the herd at this time. The pasturing rod drives the traction rope, the traction rope drives the waistcoat to tuck up all the chickens or ducks, the chickens or the ducks leave the ground, the pasturators turn 90 degrees to the left, after walking for a single-pass width in the field, the chickens or the ducks turn 90 degrees to the left to enter the starting point of the next single pass, the body squats, the pasturing rod descends, the bodies of the chickens or the ducks fall, and the webs of feet land; the herd travels forward and begins the next one-way operation. If the ridge is too high, the grazing person turns, but the grazing pole does not turn, and the grazing pole is put down after reaching the starting point of the next journey, so that the next journey link is completed, and the precise grazing of chickens or ducks is realized in space. After the ear of rice is removed or the dry land crops can be operated if needed in the later growth period, the traction rope pulls the waistcoat collar during operation, and the chicken or the duck can randomly peck the ear or the fruit at the top.

Example 1

The ecological method for weeding and removing ampullaria gigas by artificial accurate herding ducks and weeding early rice from 3 months to 7 months in 2019 is implemented in the spring pond group of Zhengming moon village at the intersection of Changsha county in Changsha city in Changsha, province in Hunan, and comprises the following steps:

(1)4, 7 days, planting rice by using a roller type direct seeding machine, and seeding 10 rows in each single pass, wherein the row spacing is 20 cm; the plant spacing is 13cm, and ordered rows and spaces are formed.

(2) Herbicide is not applied before field preparation, and herbicide is not applied in the whole growth period of early rice; and (5) conventional water and fertilizer management.

(3) After direct seeding, 22d of the duck is used for accurately grazing the stems and grazing the ducks for weeding and removing ampullaria gigas, and the age of the ducks is 39 d. The length of the duck raising rod is 10 meters, the duck raising rod covers 50 rows, the two ducks are arranged between each row, the total length of the two pull ropes is 100, and the length of each pull rope between each row is 1 meter and 1.3 meters respectively. When weeding, the young ampullaria gigas can be swallowed, larvae and adults of other pests can be preyed, and one herding duck can weed and kill 87 mu of ampullaria gigas in one day. After direct seeding, 39d of domestic poultry is used for accurately grazing the stems and the ducks to weed and remove the ampullaria gigas, and the same batch of ducks with the age of 56d of ducks is used for one duck grazing person to weed and remove 92 mu of ampullaria gigas in one day.

(4) Firstly, 39d day-old ducks are put on a duck waistcoat with a proper size, the duck waistcoat is temporarily fixed on a duck raising rod at the waist through a connecting piece, a traction rope is tied at intervals of a rice row, the traction rope pulls a waistcoat collar, and the ducks can follow up freely and laborsavingly. The duck head and the duck neck can freely extend to prey insects and eggs on the rice stalks; the feet of the duck move freely, and the duck webs tread weeds and the ampullaria gigas to realize accurate duck herding in space. The operation is completed in 100 rice interlines in one single pass, the body of a duck herding person squats, the connecting buckle of the waist and the duck herding rod is unlocked, the duck herding rod is pulled down by the left hand, the duck herding rod slides into a shoulder hole when the left shoulder inclines leftwards, the waist rod is straightened, the duck herding rod drives a traction rope, the traction rope pulls a waistcoat to hold up all ducks, the duck webs leave the ground, the duck herding person turns 90 degrees leftwards, the duck herding person walks in a field for one-pass width, then turns 90 degrees leftwards to enter the starting point of the next one-pass, the body squats, the duck herding rod descends, the duck body falls, and the feet land; the duck herding person drives forwards and starts the next one-way operation. When the ridge is too high, the duck-grazing person turns, but the duck-grazing pole does not turn, and the duck-grazing pole is put down after reaching the starting point of the next course, so that the next course is completed, and the precise duck-grazing is realized in space.

(5) The whole early rice growth period has normal growth and development, no lodging and treading, even yield and reduced pesticide. Compared with the conventional cultivation, the cost of preventing and controlling the weed harm and the pomacea canaliculata harm is reduced by 108 yuan per mu, and the cost is reduced without reducing the yield. The most important thing is that two mechanisms are realized, one is that the specialization of weeding and removing ampullaria gigas by the herding duck and the cooperation mechanism of the host and the guest; and secondly, the pesticide investment is zero, the environment is protected and mechanized in the rice production process, the future is focused, and the ecological benefit is huge.

TABLE 1 ecological method planting benefit comparison table (Yuan, mu) for early rice precision herding duck weeding and ampullaria gigas removal

Example 2

The ecological method for weeding and disinsectizing rapes by artificially herding chicken in 10 months to 2020 in 2019 is implemented in the spring pond group of Zhengming moon village at the intersection of Changsha county in Changsha city in Changsha, Hannan province, and comprises the following steps:

(1) adopting a drum-type direct seeding machine to plant rapes in 29 days in 10 months, and seeding 0.4 kg of seeds per mu, wherein the row spacing is 40 cm; the plant spacing is irregular and is in a linear and punctiform manner, and ordered rows and spaces are formed.

(2) Herbicide is not applied before land preparation, and herbicide is not applied in the whole growth period of rape; and (5) conventional water and fertilizer management.

(3) After direct seeding, the chickens are grazed by the accurate poultry grazing pole for 23d, the length of the accurate poultry grazing pole is 10 m, 25 rows are covered, 2 chickens with the chicken age of 50d are placed between each row and are connected to the accurate poultry grazing pole through the traction ropes. When the grazing chicken weeds, the grazing chicken simultaneously preys on larvae and imagoes of other pests, and the grazing chicken herds the chicken to weed for 68 mu each day. After direct seeding, 41d of the chickens are subjected to weeding by using precise domestic poultry rod-grazing and chicken-grazing for the second time, and 75 mu of weeding is performed for the same batch of chickens with the age of 68d each day.

(4) Before raising chickens, putting a jacket on each chicken, leading one chicken by using a traction rope, and putting two chickens in each row; the grass pressing plate for the chicken is used for driving the tail of the chicken to be caught, and the chicken is pushed to move forwards from the tail when the chicken and the chicken grazing machine move forwards asynchronously, and meanwhile, the effect of suppressing weeds is achieved. The draw rope tied on the draw-in rod draws the waistcoat collar, so that the chicken can follow the waistcoat collar freely and with less labor. The chicken head and the neck can freely extend to prey insects and eggs on the stem and leaf of the rape; the chicken feet move freely, trample weeds and prey on larvae, adults and egg masses of other pests.

(5) The operation is carried out between 25 rape rows, and during the operation, the precise poultry grazing rod is temporarily fixed on the back waist of the chicken grazing person through the retaining ring, and the chicken grazing person moves forward to drive the traction rope and then lead 50 chickens. One single pass is completed, a chicken herding person squats, the connecting buckle ring of the waist and the precise poultry rod is unlocked, the precise poultry rod is pulled down by the left hand, the left shoulder inclines leftwards to slide the precise poultry rod into the shoulder hole, the waist rod is straightened, the precise poultry rod drives the traction rope, the traction rope pulls the waistcoat to hold up all chickens, the chicken web leaves the ground, the chicken herding person turns 90 degrees leftwards, after walking a single pass width in the field, the chicken herding person turns 90 degrees leftwards again to enter the starting point of the next single pass, the body squats, the precise poultry rod descends, the chicken body falls, and the foot web lands; the chicken herd runs forward and starts the next one-way operation. If the ridge is too high, the chicken grazing person turns, but the precise poultry rod does not turn, and the precise poultry rod is put down after reaching the starting point of the next course, so that the next course link is completed.

(6) During the whole growth period of the rape, the growth and development are normal, lodging does not occur, the yield is kept level, and the pesticide is reduced. Compared with conventional cultivation, the cost of preventing and controlling weed harm is reduced by 61 yuan per mu, and the cost reduction and yield reduction are realized. Most importantly, the specialization and industrialization of weeding and deinsectization of the herding chicken are realized, the pesticide investment is zero, the future is looked at, and the ecological benefit is huge.

TABLE 1 ecological planting benefit comparison table (Yuan, mu) for rape artificial precision herding chicken weeding and disinsectization

The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological method for weeding and removing insect pests is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, respectively putting waistcoats on a plurality of poultry, connecting each connecting piece with the waistcoat of one poultry, fixing the connecting buckle on the back of a herder, and enabling the poultry to be positioned among rows of crops;

s2, the grazing man walks between the crop rows and pulls the feet of the poultry to tread weeds and insect pests to walk one way;

s3, after one single pass is finished, the grazing person lifts the grazing pole, the feet of the poultry leave the ground, the grazing person drives one single pass wide after going up the ridge, drives in the starting point of the next single pass, puts down the grazing pole, the feet of the poultry land, and the grazing person drives forwards to start the next single pass operation.

2. An ecological method of weeding and pest killing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the grazing person wears the waist shoulder strap and the grazing pole is fixed on the waist shoulder strap on the back of the grazing person by means of the connecting buckle.

3. An ecological method of weeding and pest killing as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the herdsman takes off the connector link, carries the shouldering rod on the shoulder, turns 90 degrees after going up the ridge, turns 90 degrees after running a single pass width on the ridge, and then drives in the starting point of the next single pass.

4. The ecological method for weeding and pest killing according to claim 1, wherein if the crop is rice, rice is planted by machine transplanting or direct strip sowing or strip dibbling, the poultry selects ducks, the time after the rice is directly sown is 20 d-22 d or 8 d-10 d after field transplanting, the ducks are herded by a precise poultry grazing machine on a sunny day for weeding and pest killing, and the age of the ducks is more than 35 d;

after direct seeding for 32d to 40d or after inserting into the field for 20d to 25d, selecting ducks which are herded by a precise poultry grazing machine for the second time on sunny days for weeding and pest killing, wherein the age of the ducks is 47d to 60 d;

if necessary, the duck is grazed by the precise grazing machine on sunny days for weeding and pest killing during the first time and the second time and during the period from the second time to ear emergence.

5. The ecological method for weeding and pest killing according to claim 1, wherein if the crop is a dry land crop, the dry land crop is planted by machine seeding or direct seeding or hole planting, the poultry selects chickens, the dry land crop is directly seeded for 10d to 22d or transplanted for 10d to 30d, the poultry is selected to be accurately grazed by a grazing machine to weed on a sunny day, and the age of the chickens is more than 40 d;

selecting chickens to be herded by a precise poultry grazing machine for the second time in sunny days for weeding 32 d-40 d after direct seeding of dry land crops or 20 d-45 d after transplanting, wherein the age of the chickens is more than 60 d;

if necessary, the chickens can be grazed by the precise grazing machine for the poultry on a sunny day during the first time and the second time and during the period from the second time to the harvest.

6. A weeding and pest killing ecological method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the weeding and pest killing ecological method is operated by using a precise poultry grazing pole, and the precise poultry grazing pole comprises a grazing pole (1), at least two connecting buckles (2), traction ropes (3), connecting pieces (4) and a vest (5), wherein the connecting buckles (2) are fixedly connected with the grazing pole (1), the connecting buckles (2) are symmetrically arranged on the grazing pole (1), the traction ropes (3) are provided in multiple numbers, one end of each traction rope is fixed on the grazing pole (1), the other end of each traction rope (3) is fixed with the connecting piece (4), and the connecting pieces (4) are connected with the vest (5).

7. An ecological method for weeding and pest killing according to claim 6, wherein the pulling ropes (3) are provided with an even number, the distance between two pulling ropes (3) in the middle is the width between two crop rows, and the distance between the other adjacent pulling ropes (3) is the width between one crop row.

8. An ecological method of weeding and pest killing according to claim 6, wherein said waistcoat (5) comprises a front waistcoat (6), a rear waistcoat (15), a left waistcoat (7), a right waistcoat (8), a waistcoat collar (9) and a waistcoat bottom pocket (10), the four sides of said waistcoat collar (9) are connected with the upper parts of said front waistcoat (6), said rear waistcoat (15), said left waistcoat (7) and said right waistcoat (8), respectively, and the lower parts of said front waistcoat (6), said rear waistcoat (15), said left waistcoat (7) and said right waistcoat (8) are connected with said waistcoat bottom pocket (10), respectively.

9. An ecological method of weeding and pest killing according to claim 8, wherein said vest (5) further comprises a connecting ring.

10. An ecological method of weeding and pest control according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein the connecting member (4) is a connecting buckle or a connecting hook.

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