CN112126666B - 核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用 - Google Patents
核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112126666B CN112126666B CN202011005442.7A CN202011005442A CN112126666B CN 112126666 B CN112126666 B CN 112126666B CN 202011005442 A CN202011005442 A CN 202011005442A CN 112126666 B CN112126666 B CN 112126666B
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- gly
- ala
- bacillus subtilis
- nucleoside
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Abstract
本发明提供核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用。本发明还提供发酵生产核苷的方法,包括:(1)增强枯草芽孢杆菌如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA;和/或(2)弱化枯草芽孢杆菌染色体上编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3‑双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm;以及(3)将步骤(1)和/或步骤(2)获得的菌株用于核苷的发酵生产。本发明提供的枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌为核苷高产菌株,能有效积累核苷,提高核苷的产量,为核苷的工业化生产奠定了基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物领域和生物工程技术领域,具体地说,涉及核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用。
背景技术
核苷是一类糖苷的总称。核苷是核酸和核苷酸的组成成分。核苷是由D-核糖或D-Z-脱氧核糖与嘧啶碱或嘌呤碱缩合而成。核苷一般为无色结晶,不溶于普通有机溶剂,易溶于热水,熔点为160-240℃。由D-核糖生成的核苷称核糖核苷,参与RNA组成,由D-α-脱氧核糖生成的核苷称脱氧核糖核苷,参与DNA组成。D-核糖与腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶或尿嘧啶缩合生成相应的腺嘌呤核糖核苷、鸟嘌呤核糖核苷、胞嘧啶核糖核苷、胸腺嘧啶核糖核苷和尿嘧啶核糖核苷,它们分别简称为腺苷(A)、鸟苷(G)、胞苷(C)、胸苷(T)和尿苷(U)。
腺苷即腺嘌呤核苷,化学名为6-氨基-9-β-D-呋喃核糖基-9-氢嘌呤,它是腺嘌呤核苷酸脱磷酸后的产物,属于重要的核苷酸衍生物。腺苷是一种遍布人体细胞的内源性核苷,可直接进入心肌经磷酸化生成腺苷酸,参与心肌能量代谢,同时还参与扩张冠脉血管,增加血流量。腺苷对心血管系统和肌体的许多其它系统及组织均有生理作用。腺苷除了可以用作治疗心脏的特效药物之外,还是用于合成三磷酸腺苷(ATP)、腺嘌呤、腺苷酸、阿糖腺苷的重要中间体,广泛应用于医药等行业。
鸟苷,化学名称:9-β-D-呋喃核糖鸟嘌呤。它可作为食品或医药原料的中间体,用于生产5’-鸟苷酸二钠、鸟嘌呤、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦、泛昔洛韦等食品添加剂或医药原料。
肌苷,化学名称:9-β-D-核糖次黄嘌呤。是细胞代谢改善药,参与体内核酸代谢,在体内转变为肌苷酸及三磷酸腺苷,参与细胞的能量代谢和蛋白质合成,提高各种酶,特别是辅酶A与丙酮酸氧化酶的活性,从而使细胞在缺氧状态下继续进行代谢,活化肝脏功能,促进受损伤肝脏的恢复,可刺激体内产生抗体并促进肠道对铁的吸收。适用于各种慢性肝脏疾患、心脏疾患、白血球或血小板减少症、中心性视网膜炎等,并可预防接触锑剂引起的对肝脏心脏的副作用。
嘌呤核苷既可通过化学法合成,也可通过微生物发酵法合成,并且微生物发酵法由于其诸多的优势(条件温和、环境污染小),已成为主流生产方法。但发酵法的缺点则是成本高、转化率低。因此,亟需通过代谢工程的手段,改善菌种性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种发酵生产核苷的方法或提高核苷发酵产量的方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用。
本发明构思如下:在核苷合成代谢过程中,尽管glyA不是核苷合成的关键基因,但核苷合成需要一碳单位供应生长,glyA基因为丝氨酸向甘氨酸合成途径关键基因,甘氨酸合成同时释放一碳单位,故glyA基因增强有利于核苷合成。
pgm是3-磷酸甘油酸酯向2-磷酸甘油酸酯合成途径的关键基因,通过诱变发现pgmA110V突变能够降低该酶的活性。推测该突变导致蛋白的空间位阻增加,底物与该酶的结合能力变差,从而减弱了3-磷酸甘油酸酯向2-磷酸甘油酸酯合成途径的通量,增强了3-磷酸甘油酸酯向甘氨酸合成途径的通量,进一步促进了核苷合成一碳单位的供应。
为了实现本发明目的,第一方面,本发明提供一种发酵生产核苷的方法或提高核苷发酵产量的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)增强枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA;和/或
(2)弱化枯草芽孢杆菌染色体上编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm;以及
(3)将步骤(1)和/或步骤(2)获得的菌株用于核苷的发酵生产。
前述的方法,通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强。
前述的方法,通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低。
优选地,所述枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A5。菌株B.subtilis A5参见CN110257315A说明书实施例4。
本发明中,所述核苷选自腺苷、肌苷、鸟苷中的至少一种。
第二方面,本发明提供核苷高产菌,所述工程菌是通过增强枯草芽孢杆菌如SEQID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA和/或弱化编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,获得的重组枯草芽孢杆菌。
进一步地,通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强;和/或
通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低。
第三方面,本发明提供核苷高产菌的构建方法,包括:利用基因工程手段增强枯草芽孢杆菌如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA和/或弱化编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,获得重组枯草芽孢杆菌。
前述的方法,通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强。
前述的方法,通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低。
在本发明的一个具体实施方式中,所述核苷高产菌是通过在B.subtilis A5中同时引入pgmA110V和glyAE146K两个突变位点得到的重组枯草芽孢杆菌。
第四方面,本发明提供所述核苷高产菌或按照上述方法构建的核苷高产菌在发酵生产核苷中的应用。
第五方面,本发明提供丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶突变体,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5所示。
第六方面,本发明提供编码所述氨酸合酶突变体的基因或含有该基因的生物材料在发酵生产核苷或提高核苷(如腺苷)发酵产量中的应用。
本发明中,所述生物材料包括但不限于重组DNA、表达盒、转座子、质粒载体、噬菌体载体、病毒载体、工程菌或转基因细胞系。
第七方面,本发明提供2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶突变体,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:6所示。
第八方面,本发明提供编码所述2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶突变体的基因或含有该基因的生物材料在发酵生产核苷或提高核苷(如腺苷)发酵产量中的应用。
借由上述技术方案,本发明至少具有下列优点及有益效果:
本发明提供的枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌为核苷高产菌株,能有效积累核苷,提高核苷的产量,为核苷的工业化生产奠定了基础。
(一)核苷在食品医药等领域应用较广,而目前产量较低,有较大提升空间。通过基因工程手段获得核苷高产菌株,可操作性强。
(二)核苷自身发酵周期长,本发明通过优化发酵条件缩短核苷发酵周期,并且提升产苷,降低了发酵成本。
(三)本发明对于其它路径相似的产品(如核黄素、组氨酸等)具有借鉴作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例中菌株B.subtilis A5、A6、A7、A8、MHA(B.s A5、B.s A6、B.s A7、B.s A8、B.s MHA)产核苷能力对比。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种核苷高产菌(重组枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌),所述枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A5菌株中下述至少一个位点发生了点突变:
1)glyAE146K:丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸;
2)pgmA110V:2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸。
本发明还提供上述重组枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌的构建方法,包括:
步骤A、分别制备glyAE146K、pgmA110V点突变基因片段,与载体连接分别获得两个单一位点突变质粒;
步骤B、两个单一点突变质粒分别转化B.subtilis A5(Δupp)菌株获得单一位点突变的枯草芽孢杆菌。
进一步地,上述构建方法中步骤A所用载体为pKSU。pKSU由南开大学生命科学学院惠赠。
进一步地,两个单一位点突变质粒分别为pKSU-glyA*,pKSU-pgm*,单一位点突变的枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A6、B.subtilis A7菌株。
进一步地,所述重组枯草芽孢杆菌的构建方法步骤B为两个单一点突变质粒依次转化B.subtilis A5(Δupp)菌株获得两个位点均发生点突变的枯草芽孢杆菌B.subtilisA8。
本发明还提供上述工程菌在发酵生产核苷中的应用。
本发明还提供一种核苷的生产方法,将上述枯草芽孢杆菌接种于种子培养基进行扩繁,然后将扩繁后的培养物转入发酵培养基发酵。
其中,所述种子培养基(g/L)为:葡萄糖20,酵母粉5,玉米浆干粉5,磷酸二氢钾3,硫酸镁0.5,硫酸亚铁0.02,硫酸锰0.01,pH 7.0~7.2。
所述发酵培养基(g/L)为:葡萄糖60,酵母粉3.5,磷酸二氢钾3,硫酸铵25,硫酸锰0.01,硫酸镁5,谷氨酸钠10,玉米浆干粉15,碳酸钙25,pH 7.0~7.2。
发酵条件为:35.5℃发酵46h。
pgmA110V、glyAE146K单一位点突变分别获得枯草芽孢杆菌B.subtilis A6、B.subtilis A7菌株。两个单一点突变质粒依次转化B.subtilis A5(Δupp)菌株获得两个位点均发生点突变的枯草芽孢杆菌B.subtilis A8。实验结果显示,与出发菌株B.subtilisA5(Δupp)相比,工程菌的核苷积累量都有提高,A7积累较少,A6积累较多,两个位点均发生点突变的A8菌株腺苷积累最多,说明这两个位点的突变在核苷积累中起到主要作用。本发明构建的重组枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌为核苷高产菌株,能有效积累核苷,提高核苷的产量,为核苷的工业化生产奠定了基础。
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。若未特别指明,实施例均按照常规实验条件,如Sambrook等分子克隆实验手册(Sambrook J&Russell DW,Molecular Cloning:a Laboratory Manual,2001),或按照制造厂商说明书建议的条件。
以下实施例中使用的试剂均为市售产品,均可以通过商业渠道购买获得。菌株B.subtilis A5购自(Bacillus Genetic Stock Center,http://www.bgsc.org/)。本发明使用的腺苷、鸟苷、肌苷标准品购自Sigma公司(http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/sigma-aldrich),所用DNA聚合酶、DNA纯化试剂盒、限制性内切酶、去磷酸化酶、DNA连接酶等分子生物学试剂购自Thermo公司(http://www.thermoscientificbio.com/fermentas),所用其他生化试剂购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司(http://www.sangon.com/)。
以下实施例中使用的LB液体培养基(g/L)的配制:蛋白胨10,酵母提取物5,NaCl10,调节pH至7.2,0.15MPa条件下灭菌20min。
LB固体培养基/LB平板(g/L)的配制:在LB液体培养基中加入琼脂粉(终浓度18g/L),121℃条件下灭菌20min。
以下实施例中使用的引物信息见表1。
表1引物序列
引物 | 序列5'→3' |
glyA-1f | caaaataaggatcctctagagtcgacccatgtacaatagtgatggtaa |
glyA-1r | atgccgcatctatttttttgagttatataact |
glyA-2f | tacggcgtagataaaaaaactcaatatattga |
glyA-2r | ccagtgccaagcttgcatgcctgcagaggataaggtggttgtctgttc |
pgm-1f | caaaataaggatcctctagagtcgacgcttcgcatccaatatggcgga |
pgm-1r | aagaccgaacaggtgcaaggctttgttgtt |
pgm-2f | aacaacaaagccttgcacctgttcggtctt |
pgm-2r | ccagtgccaagcttgcatgcctgcaggcggtcgaagtcacggaagtct |
实施例1诱变筛选获得腺苷高产菌株
前期以B.subtilis 168作为出发菌株,经过多轮诱变筛选后,获得了B.subtilisMHA菌株,该菌能在含有1g/L的8-氮鸟嘌呤培养基上生长,B.subtilis MHA摇瓶产腺苷水平为10g/L,转化率14%,为一株腺苷高产菌。
通过比较基因组学分析,B.subtilis MHA包含glyAE146K、pgmA110V两个关键基因的点突变,该两个位点的突变可能是促进腺苷高产的因素。因此将该两个位点的突变引入B.subtilis A5菌株,进行验证。
实施例2工程菌株B.subtilis A6(glyAE146K),B.subtilis A7(pgmA110V)的构建
用引物glyA-1f/1r和glyA-2f/2r和pgm-1f/1r和pgm-2f/2r,以B.subtilis A5基因组为模板,使用pfu高保真DNA聚合酶扩增分别得到glyA和pgm的上、下游同源臂;用引物glyA-1f/2r和pgm-1f/2r融合上、下游片段分别得到glyA*同源片段(含E146K突变,原始glyA基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,其编码蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示)和pgm*同源片段(含A110V突变,原始pgm基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示,其编码蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示),将两个片段与pKSU质粒经SalI/PstI双酶切、连接、转化等操作后得到质粒pKSU-glyA*和pKSU-pgm*。通过电化学转化至B.subtilis A5中,用含2.5μg/mL氯霉素的LB平板在30℃下筛选转化子,将获得的转化子接到5ml LB液体培养基中,42℃200rpm培养12h并传一代,稀释涂布含5μg/mL的氯霉素LB平板获得一次重组子;将一次重组子接到5ml LB液体培养基中,42℃200rpm培养12h并传一代,稀释涂布含0.8μM5-FU的LB平板筛选二次重组子,分别得到在B.subtilis A5(Δupp)引入glyAE146K的B.subtilis A6菌株,以及在B.subtilis A5(Δupp)引入pgmA110V的B.subtilis A7菌株。
实施例3工程菌株B.subtilis A8的构建(引入glyAE146K和pgmA110V突变)
将质粒pKSU-pgm*转化至B.subtilis A6菌株中,获得工程菌B.subtilis A8(glyAE146K&pgmA110V突变),筛选方法同实施例2。
实施例4工程菌株B.subtilis A5、A6、A7、A8和MHA腺苷合成能力对比
1、将菌株三区划线LB平板,37℃过夜培养;
2、挑单菌落接种至30mL种子培养基中,110rpm,36℃培养7~8h;
3、按10%v/v接种量转接至30ml发酵培养基中,摇床转速130rpm,35.5℃培养46h。
发酵结果见图1,从结果可以看出,与出发菌株B.subtilis A5相比,工程菌的腺苷积累量都有提高,A6(glyAE146K)和A7(pgmA110V)单点突变工程菌分别积累腺苷1.3g/L和0.8g/L,A6积累较多,glyAE146K的引入增强了甘氨酸合成,为核苷合成途径提供一碳单位;A7(pgmA110V)菌株积累0.8g/L的腺苷,说明pgmA110V突变弱化了3-磷酸甘油酸酯的支路。双突变工程菌A8(glyAE146K&pgmA110V)积累腺苷2.0g/L,同时鸟苷积累0.5g/L,说明这两个位点的突变在核苷积累中起到了主要作用。
本发明提供的包含枯草芽孢杆菌丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶突变基因glyAE146K和2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸酶突变基因pgmA110V的工程菌的用途,包括但不限于核苷。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之做一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
序列表
<110> 廊坊梅花生物技术开发有限公司
<120> 核苷高产菌及其构建方法与应用
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gcgcttgcat tgaaaaacca cgaagatgaa ggaaaacttg aagaagcaag acagcgtgta 1200
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gcgcatacaa caaacccagt ccctgtgatt gtaacgaaag aaggcattac gctgcgtgaa 1440
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<210> 5
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Claims (4)
1.发酵生产核苷的方法或提高核苷发酵产量的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)增强枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA;具体为:通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强;和/或
(2)弱化枯草芽孢杆菌染色体上编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm;具体为:通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低;以及
(3)将步骤(1)和/或步骤(2)获得的菌株用于核苷的发酵生产;
所述枯草芽孢杆菌为具有产核苷能力的枯草芽孢杆菌;
所述核苷为腺苷、鸟苷;
所述枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A5。
2.核苷高产菌,其特征在于,所述工程菌是通过增强枯草芽孢杆菌如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA和/或弱化编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,获得的重组枯草芽孢杆菌;
其中,所述枯草芽孢杆菌为具有产核苷能力的枯草芽孢杆菌;
通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强;和/或
通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低;
所述枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A5。
3.核苷高产菌的构建方法,其特征在于,包括:利用基因工程手段增强枯草芽孢杆菌如SEQ ID NO:2所示的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA和/或弱化编码NCBI参考序列WP_003228330.1的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,获得重组枯草芽孢杆菌;
其中,所述枯草芽孢杆菌为具有产核苷能力的枯草芽孢杆菌;
通过点突变增强丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶基因glyA,使其编码的丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶的第146位谷氨酸突变为赖氨酸,导致该酶活性增强;和/或
通过点突变弱化2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶基因pgm,使其编码的2,3-双磷酸甘油酸非依赖性磷酸甘油酸突变酶的第110位丙氨酸突变为缬氨酸,导致该酶活性降低;
所述枯草芽孢杆菌为B.subtilis A5。
4.权利要求2所述的核苷高产菌或按照权利要求3所述方法构建的核苷高产菌在发酵生产核苷中的应用;
所述核苷为腺苷、鸟苷。
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