CN112126493B - 一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线 - Google Patents
一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线,所述光纤油膏由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油65‑75%、稠化剂10‑20%、防锈剂1‑5%、黏附剂0.5‑2%、改性纳米氮化铝5‑10%和2,6‑二叔丁基对甲酚0.1‑1%。本发明光纤油膏性能稳定,防止光纤被氧化或者腐蚀,对光纤具有良好的保护作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电路导线技术领域,具体涉及一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线。
背景技术
光纤复合碳纤维导线是一种既能输送电能,又兼顾信号传输、导线温度的在线监测、信息交流等功能的新型导线,可精确掌握导线温度变化曲线和信息交换功能,从而增大输电线路的容量功能,提高输电线路运行的可靠性。现有的光纤复合碳纤维导线运行温度高(一般120-150℃),输送电流对光纤单元造成大的影响,为了防止输送电流对光纤单元的影响,常将光纤单元植入导线内层,光纤单元的光纤松套管内填充光纤油膏,对光纤松套管内的光纤起衬垫作用,还能防止空气中的潮气侵蚀光纤。
公开号为CN110211740A的中国发明专利申请公开了一种光电复合碳纤维芯导线和生产方法,属于输电线路技术领域。该光电复合碳纤维芯导线包括碳纤维芯导线和光纤复合单元,光纤复合单元包括光纤、填充物和保护层,光纤放置在保护层内,光纤和保护层之间通过填充物对光纤进行固定,并将光纤复合单元、碳纤维复合芯棒、铝线在框式绞线机的过导线绞制的生产方法,绞制成光电复合碳纤维芯导线,该光电复合碳纤维芯导线精确掌握导线温度变化曲线和信息交换功能,从而增大输电线路的容量功能,提高输电线路运行的可靠性。但是,该专利光纤和不锈钢管之间填充常规光纤油膏,耐热效果一般,随温度变化黏度变化明显。
发明内容
为克服上述缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油65-75%、稠化剂10-20%、防锈剂1-5%、黏附剂0.5-2%、改性纳米氮化铝5-10%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1-1%。
优选地,所述的基础油为矿物油、二甲基硅油或者聚α-烯烃。
优选地,所述的稠化剂为石蜡、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯共聚物中一种或几种。
优选地,所述的稠化剂为气相二氧化硅和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯共聚物,两者重量比为1:1。
优选地,所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钡、石油磺酸钠和羊毛脂中一种或几种。
优选地,所述的黏附剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯和乙烯/丙烯共聚物中一种或几种。
优选地,所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:10-30超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.2-0.4倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:10-20mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
优选地,所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,由碳纤维复合芯、软铝圆线和软铝型线同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
本发明的积极有益效果:
1. 本发明所得光纤油膏滴点为223-236℃,滴点高,耐热性好;挥发度为0.08-0.17%,酸值为0.05-0.13 mg(KOH)/g,析氢值0.01-0.05μL/g,挥发度、酸值、析氢值小,20℃、7d抗水性测试不解体,抗水性能优异,油膏性能稳定,与光纤以及不锈钢管的相容性好。本发明光纤油膏在基础油中加入改性纳米氮化铝,提高了光纤油膏的耐热性,还减少了因导线运行温度升高引起的导线弧垂的变化对光纤的拉力不均匀造成的光纤破坏;黏附剂为高分子聚合物,加热后分子链伸展,伸展的高分子链相互纠缠,油液内摩擦增大,导致油液的粘度增加,避免光纤油膏高温下过稀的问题,使光纤油膏在低温或者高温下保持稳定粘度,而且本发明光纤油膏抗水性能优势,防止光纤被氧化或者腐蚀,对光纤具有良好的保护作用。
2. 本发明光纤复合碳纤维导线有效避免了输送电流对光纤单元的影响,使用寿命长。
附图说明
图1为本发明光纤复合碳纤维导线结构示意图;
图中:1-碳纤维复合芯,2-光纤单元,3-软铝圆线,4-软铝型线。
具体实施方式
下面结合一些具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油65%、稠化剂19%、防锈剂4%、黏附剂1%、改性纳米氮化铝10%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚1%。
所述的基础油为二甲基硅油。
所述的稠化剂为石蜡。
所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钡。
所述的黏附剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:10超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.3倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:10mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
实施例2
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油68%、稠化剂20%、防锈剂4.5%、黏附剂2%、改性纳米氮化铝5%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5%。
所述的基础油为矿物油160BS。
所述的稠化剂为有机膨润土。
所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钠。
所述的黏附剂为聚异丁烯。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:10超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.2倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:15mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
实施例3
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油70%、稠化剂16%、防锈剂3%、黏附剂1.5%、改性纳米氮化铝9%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5%。
所述的基础油为聚α-烯烃。
所述的稠化剂为气相二氧化硅和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯共聚物,两者重量比为1:1。
所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钠。
所述的黏附剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:20超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.3倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:15mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
实施例4
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油72%、稠化剂19%、防锈剂1%、黏附剂0.9%、改性纳米氮化铝7%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1%。
所述的基础油为聚α-烯烃。
所述的稠化剂为石蜡。
所述的防锈剂为羊毛脂。
所述的黏附剂为乙烯/丙烯共聚物。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:30超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.3倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:10mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
实施例5
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油74%、稠化剂13%、防锈剂4%、黏附剂0.5%、改性纳米氮化铝8%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5%。
所述的基础油为聚α-烯烃。
所述的稠化剂为气相二氧化硅和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯共聚物,两者重量比为1:1。
所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钡。
所述的黏附剂为乙烯/丙烯共聚物。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:30超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.2倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:20mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
实施例6
一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油75%、稠化剂10%、防锈剂5%、黏附剂1.5%、改性纳米氮化铝8%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5%。
所述的基础油为二甲基硅油。
所述的稠化剂为有机膨润土。
所述的防锈剂为羊毛脂。
所述的黏附剂为聚异丁烯。
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:10超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.4倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:15mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得。
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50 nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,参见图1,由碳纤维复合芯1、软铝圆线3和软铝型线4同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元2替换,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充上述的光纤油膏。
对比实施例1
本实施例光纤油膏与实施例3基本相同,相同之处不重述,有些不同的是:一种光纤油膏,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油70%、稠化剂16%、防锈剂3%、黏附剂1.5%、纳米氮化铝颗粒9%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.5%。
本发明实施例1-6及对比实施例1所得光纤油膏的性能检测结果见下表1。
表1 本发明实施例1-6及对比实施例1所得光纤油膏性能
由表1可知,当对比实施例1将改性纳米氮化铝替换为纳米氮化铝颗粒,光纤油膏的滴点明显降低,油膏耐热性降低,挥发度明显升高,影响油膏的粘度。本发明实施例1-6所得光纤油膏滴点为223-236℃,滴点高,耐热性好;挥发度为0.08-0.17%,酸值为0.05-0.13mg(KOH)/g,析氢值0.01-0.05μL/g,挥发度、酸值、析氢值小,20℃、7d抗水性测试不解体,抗水性能优异,光纤油膏性能稳定。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (4)
1.一种光纤油膏,其特征在于,由如下重量百分比的原料制成:基础油65-75%、稠化剂10-20%、防锈剂1-5%、黏附剂0.5-2%、改性纳米氮化铝5-10%和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚0.1-1%;
所述的稠化剂为气相二氧化硅和苯乙烯-乙烯-丙烯共聚物,两者重量比为1:1;
所述的黏附剂为聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚异丁烯和乙烯/丙烯共聚物中一种或几种;
所述的改性纳米氮化铝制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将纳米氮化铝颗粒和无水乙醇按重量比1:10-30超声振荡混合均匀,然后加入纳米氮化铝颗粒重量0.2-0.4倍的硅烷偶联剂,再次超声振荡均匀,最后加热除去无水乙醇;
(2)将步骤(1)改性得到的氮化铝颗粒与油酸按用量比1g:10-20mL混合,然后球磨均匀,即得;
所述的纳米氮化铝颗粒的粒径为10-50nm,热导率为150-300W/m·K。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤油膏,其特征在于,所述的基础油为矿物油、二甲基硅油或者聚α-烯烃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光纤油膏,其特征在于,所述的防锈剂为石油磺酸钡、石油磺酸钠和羊毛脂中一种或几种。
4.一种光纤复合碳纤维导线,由碳纤维复合芯、软铝圆线和软铝型线同心绞合而成,其中一根软铝圆线由光纤单元替换,其特征在于,所述的光纤单元包括套设在不锈钢管内的多根光纤,所述的光纤和不锈钢管之间还填充权利要求1-3任一项所述的光纤油膏。
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