CN108623841A - 电缆用绝缘填料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

电缆用绝缘填料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108623841A
CN108623841A CN201810499232.4A CN201810499232A CN108623841A CN 108623841 A CN108623841 A CN 108623841A CN 201810499232 A CN201810499232 A CN 201810499232A CN 108623841 A CN108623841 A CN 108623841A
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佘晨
何源
徐秋芳
李善才
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Wuhu Spaceflight Special Cable Factory Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电缆用绝缘填料及其制备方法，包括：1)将活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢混合后、干燥并进行煅烧得到氟掺杂碳；2)将云母粉、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝进行混合、研磨后进行热处理。该电缆用绝缘填料作为点电缆绝缘护套的制备原料，能够大大提高制得的电缆护套的绝缘性能、导热性能和机械性能。

Description

电缆用绝缘填料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆制品制造领域，具体地，涉及一种电缆用绝缘填料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，随着现代物流起重设备领域的迅猛发展，港口、矿山、电力、煤炭、建材、粮食等行业对各行各业都采用大功率的设备以提高产能，因而对与之配套的传输缆线的要求不断提高，电压等级也随之提高，缆线在6kV～15kV情况下高电压下情况下，要随设备高速度往返移动，用卷筒进行收取，成为起重设备主供电缆线。缆线在频繁移动过程中对绝缘的电气性能和机械性能要求就越高，目前国内动态使用此类缆线绝缘电气性能寿命很短。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种电缆用绝缘填料，该电缆用绝缘填料作为电缆绝缘护套的制备原料，能够大大提高制得的电缆护套的绝缘性能、导热性能和机械性能。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种电缆用绝缘填料的制备方法，包括：
1)将活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢混合后、干燥并进行煅烧得到氟掺杂碳；
2)将云母粉、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝进行混合、研磨后进行热处理。
上述技术方案中，所述活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢的用量可以在宽的范围内选择，但是为了提高氟掺杂率，优选地，所述活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢的用量比为100mg：20-50mg：3-5mL氟化氢溶液；
所述氟化氢溶液中含5-8质量％的HF。
上述技术方案中，各原料的用量可以在宽的范围内选择，但是为了提高氟掺杂率，优选地，以重量份计，所述云母粉、氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝的用量配比为100：10-15：20-40：5-13：5-8：6-10。
上述技术方案中，所述煅烧的条件可以在宽的范围内选择，但是为了制备效率，优选地，所述煅烧至少满足以下条件：在惰性气氛下，温度为800-900℃，时间为1-2h。
上述技术方案中，所述热处理的条件可以在宽的范围内选择，但是为了制备效率，优选地，所述热处理至少满足以下条件：在惰性气氛下，温度为300-600℃，时间为4-6h。
在所述煅烧和热处理的过程中，所述惰性气氛由氮气或氩气提供。
上述技术方案中，所述云母粉的具体粒径大小可以在宽的范围内选择，但是为了提高各原料之间的混合、协同效果，优选地，所述云母粉的颗粒尺寸为200-800nm。
本发明还提供了一种上述制备方法制得得电缆用绝缘填料；上述制的得电缆用绝缘填料得颗粒尺寸为800-900nm。
通过上述技术方案，本发明中先用活性炭、壳聚糖和氟化氢混合、煅烧制得氟掺杂碳；接着用云母粉、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝进行混合、研磨后进行热处理制得电缆用绝缘填料。氟掺杂碳材料一方面能够提高材料得导热性能，同时氟得掺入会会降低导热材料得电导功能，再与云母粉、氮化硼和氮化铝进行混合进一步制得电缆用绝缘填料。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值，这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围或值的值。对于数值范围来说，各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间，以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围，这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
以下将通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1
1)将100mg活性炭、20mg壳聚糖加入到3mL氟化氢(5质量％的HF)混合后、干燥并在氮气氛下、800℃煅烧2h得到氟掺杂碳；
2)将云母粉(200nm)、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝按照100：10：20：5：5：6的重量比进行混合、研磨后在300℃热处理6h，得到电缆用绝缘填料记作A1。
实施例2
1)将100mg活性炭、30mg壳聚糖加入到4mL氟化氢(8质量％的HF)混合后、干燥并在氮气氛下、850℃煅烧1h得到氟掺杂碳；
2)将云母粉(600nm)、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝按照100：12：30：8：6：8的重量比进行混合、研磨后在500℃热处理5h，得到电缆用绝缘填料记作A2。
实施例3
1)将100mg活性炭、50mg壳聚糖加入到5mL氟化氢(5质量％的HF)混合后、干燥并在氮气氛下、800-900℃煅烧1-2h得到氟掺杂碳；
2)将云母粉(800nm)、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝按照100：15：40：13：8：10的重量比进行混合、研磨后在600℃热处理4-6h，得到电缆用绝缘填料记作A3。
对比例1
按照实施例1的方法制得电缆用绝缘填料D1，不同的是的步骤1)中未加入氟化氢直接混合煅烧。
对比例2
按照实施例1的方法制得电缆用绝缘填料D2，不同的是未加入陶瓷纤维。
对比例3
按照实施例1的方法制得电缆用绝缘填料D3，不同的是未加入氮化硼。
对比例4
按照实施例1的方法制得电缆用绝缘填料D4，不同的是未加入氮化铝。
应用例1
将制得的电缆用绝缘填料A1-A3及D1-D4与密度聚乙烯、乙丙橡胶、醋酸乙酯、甲苯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、肌醇六磷酸酯、环氧化甘油三酸酯、柠檬酸酯和硫化促进剂TMTD混合、捏合挤出、加工制得对应的电缆护套，并对护套进行热空气老化试验，按照GB/T3512-2001标准测试，老化条件：175℃，96h。
并对老化前后的A1-A3和D1-_D4对应的护套进行拉伸强度测试，测试方法按照GB/T528-1998标准。
表1
实施例编号 老化前的拉伸强度(MPa) 老化后的拉伸强度(MPa)
A1 25.5 17.5
A2 24.5 18.5
A3 25.8 16.8
D1 20.5 14.5
D2 17.4 13.5
D3 18.5 12.5
D4 19.5 13.5
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明的思想，其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims (9)

1.一种电缆用绝缘填料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
1)将活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢混合后、干燥并进行煅烧得到氟掺杂碳；
2)将云母粉、所述氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝进行混合、研磨后进行热处理。
2.利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，所述活性炭、壳聚糖与氟化氢的用量比为100mg：20-50mg：3-5mL氟化氢溶液；
所述氟化氢溶液中含5-8质量％的HF。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，以重量份计，所述云母粉、氟掺杂碳、白炭黑、陶瓷纤维、氮化硼和氮化铝的用量配比为100：10-15：20-40：5-13：5-8：6-10。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，所述煅烧至少满足以下条件：在惰性气氛下，温度为800-900℃，时间为1-2h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，所述热处理至少满足以下条件：在惰性气氛下，温度为300-600℃，时间为4-6h。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的制备方法，其中，所述煅烧、热处理步骤中所述惰性气氛各自独立由氮气或氩气提供。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其中，所述云母粉的颗粒尺寸为200-800nm。
8.一种由权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的制备方法制得的电缆用绝缘填料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电缆用绝缘填料，其中，所述电缆用绝缘填料的颗粒尺寸为800-900nm。
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CN112126493A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-25 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 一种光纤油膏和光纤复合碳纤维导线

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Application publication date: 20181009