CN112107579A - 阿立哌唑在抗衰老中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了阿立哌唑在抗衰老中的应用,属于生物医药领域,本发明验证了阿立哌唑及其药学上的衍生物能够显著延长线虫的自然寿命以及健康寿命,延缓了线虫的衰老。而且不良反应少,安全耐受性高,充分证明了阿立哌唑用于制备抗衰老药产品中的效果,为衰老的研究提供了一定的实验基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生命科学应用领域,特别涉及阿立哌唑在抗衰老中的应用。
背景技术
衰老是随着年龄的增长而伴随的生理上的退化,它是一种多方面因素共同调控的过程,但衰老的生物机制仍然是个难解之谜。随着人类社会老龄化日益严重,延缓衰老,提高老龄人口的健康水平变得越来越重要。人们迫切需要一种安全有效的抗衰老药物。
秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans,简称C.elegans)是一种对人类无害的线虫。成体体长大约为1.5毫米,绝大部分为雌雄同体,仅有极少数个体为雄性。其生命周期短,在20℃生存三天左右,而且大部分基因与人类基因具有保守性,所以为分子生物学与发育生物学研究领域的模式生物。秀丽隐杆线虫被广泛用于衰老相关的研究。
阿立哌唑(Aripiprazole,又称Ari)是一种FDA(美国食品和药物管理局)批准上市的非典型性抗精神病药,是D2和5-HT1A受体的部分激动剂,有稳定多巴胺系统的功能。在临床研究中,阿立哌唑总体有着良好的安全耐受性。相比于其他的抗精神病药,阿立哌唑对人体代谢的影响较为轻微,并被美国《专家用药指南》推荐为治疗精神分裂症的首选药物。但目前还没有阿立哌唑与抗衰老的相关报道,这对于疾病诊断和深层次的分子机制研究具有深远的意义。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的在于提供阿立哌唑在抗衰老中的应用。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明提供了阿立哌唑在抗衰老方面的应用。通过实验,本发明证实了阿立哌唑能延长秀丽隐杆线虫的平均寿命达113.3%,并将秀丽隐杆线虫的健康寿命延长87.5%。
阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备抗衰老产品中的应用。
进一步的,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物为阿立哌唑、脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑。
进一步的,所述的衰老为与节食有关的衰老。
阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备延长寿命产品中的应用。
进一步的,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物为阿立哌唑、脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑。
阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备调控节食产品中的应用。
进一步的,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物为阿立哌唑、脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑。
进一步的,所述的产品为制剂、食品、化妆品、护肤品。
进一步的,所述制剂含有上述所述的至少一种成分,加入药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂,制成药学上可以接受的剂型。
进一步的,所述药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂包括至少一种固体、半固体或液体辅料。
进一步的,所述药学上可以接受的剂型为胶囊,粉剂,颗粒剂,片剂,口服液,注射液,丸剂,散剂,滴丸剂。
进一步的,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物用于激活AMPK和/或FOXO3a信号通路。
一种延长寿命/抗衰老的药物药剂,有效成分包括阿立哌唑及其药学上的衍生物。
本发明通过线虫实验,证实了浓度为100μM的阿立哌唑,能极其显著延长线虫的自然寿命(113.3%)并延长其健康寿命(87.5%)。而且临床上患者通常长期服用阿立哌唑,并未见严重的副作用。阿立哌唑口服吸收良好,半衰期长,通常每日只需服用一次。并且其药代动力学不受年龄,性别的影响。因此,阿立哌唑具有安全的,易于长期服用的抗衰老保健品的潜力。
阿立哌唑在体内的活性代谢产物为脱氢阿立哌唑。脱氢阿立哌唑有着与阿立哌唑相似的作用机理,并与其母药阿立哌唑一起在体内发挥药效。阿立哌唑也拥有着一系列的结构修饰物,比如依匹哌唑。依匹哌唑也是一种非典型性抗精神病药,与阿立哌唑有着相似的作用机理和药代动力学。因此,脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑与阿立哌唑存在类似的应用。
本发明的有益效果是:
阿立哌唑能极其显著延长秀丽隐杆线虫的自然寿命,并延长其健康寿命(87.5%);不仅能延长线虫的平均寿命,还能延长线虫的健康寿命。本发明证明了阿立哌唑能够延长寿命,延缓衰老,为衰老研究提供实验基础。而且阿立哌唑是多巴胺系统的稳定剂,不良反应少,安全耐受性高;口服吸收良好,半衰期长,通常每日只需服用一次。并且其药代动力学不受年龄,性别的影响,适用人群广。
附图说明
图1为不同浓度(3-400μM)阿立哌唑(Ari)以及DMSO(对照组)给药的线虫的Kaplan–Meier生存曲线。X轴为天数(Days),Y轴为存活线虫的比例(Fraction survival),“+”号后面的百分比(如+52.6%)表示平均寿命延长的百分比。图1A为3μM、10μM、30μM和100μM,图1B为100μM、200μM和400μM。
图2为不同浓度(3-400μM)阿立哌唑以及DMSO(对照组)给药的线虫快速运动能力的Kaplan–Meier曲线。X轴为天数(Days),Y轴为所有线虫中拥有快速运动能力的比例(Fastbody movement),“+”号后面的百分比(如+81.8%)表示快速运动能力延长的百分比。每组线虫数量n=60。图2A为3μM、10μM、30μM和100μM,图2B为100μM、200μM和400μM。
图3为100μM阿立哌唑以及DMSO(对照组)给药的线虫eat-2失活突变体的Kaplan–Meier生存曲线。X轴为天数(Days),Y轴为存活线虫的比例(Fraction survival),+/-号后面的百分比表示平均寿命延长/缩短的百分比,ns表示没有显著性差异。每组线虫数量n=60。
图4和图5为100μM阿立哌唑以及DMSO(对照组)给药的线虫aak-2(AMPK)和daf-16(FOXO3a)失活突变体的Kaplan–Meier生存曲线。X轴为天数(Days),Y轴为存活线虫的比例(Fraction survival)+/-号后面的百分比表示平均寿命延长/缩短的百分比,ns表示没有显著性差异。每组线虫数量n=60。
结果显示在aak-2(AMPK)失活突变体中,阿立哌唑对线虫平均寿命没有显著影响。在daf-16(FOXO3a)失活突变体中,阿立哌唑反而使线虫平均寿命缩短15.8%。说明阿立哌唑延长寿命的作用需要aak-2/daf-16(AMPK/FOXO3a)信号通路的参与。
图6和图7为100μM阿立哌唑以及DMSO(对照组)给药的线虫isp-1和clk-1失活突变体的Kaplan–Meier生存曲线。X轴为天数(Days),Y轴为存活线虫的比例(Fractionsurvival)+/-号后面的百分比表示平均寿命延长/缩短的百分比,ns表示没有显著性差异。每组线虫数量n=60。结果显示在isp-1和clk-1失活突变体中,阿立哌唑对线虫平均寿命没有显著影响。说明阿立哌唑通过调控线粒体呼吸来介导节食相关作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
在线虫中,快速运动能力是衡量其健康状况的一个重要指标。本实施例证明阿立哌唑能显著延长线虫平均寿命并提高其健康水平。
方法:将阿立哌唑以不同浓度(400μM,200μM,100μM,30μM,10μM,3μM)溶解在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中待用。使用时,按1:1000加入配好的培养基中,使阿立哌唑终浓度为400μM,200μM,100μM,30μM,10μM,3μM。对照组加入等量DMSO。同时每组均加入终浓度为50μM的氟尿脱氧核苷(FUDR)以防止线虫自体受精。将培养基倒入6mm培养皿,并在表面加尿嘧啶缺陷型大肠杆菌(E.coli)OP50作为线虫的食物。将L4期的线虫转移至含不同浓度阿立哌唑或DMSO的培养基的培养皿中,每组60条。每两天观察并记录存活及死亡的数量。同时记录其快速运动的情况。将结果绘制成Kaplan–Meier曲线,用log-rank test进行统计学分析。
结果:如图1(A、B)以及图2(A、B)所示。说明阿立哌唑能显著地延长秀丽隐杆线虫平均寿命,在阿立哌唑浓度为100μM时平均寿命(线虫存活的平均天数,即50%线虫仍然存活的天数)达到最大值,和对照组相比延长了113.3%;阿立哌唑浓度为100μM时健康寿命(线虫能进行快速运动的平均天数,即50%的线虫具有快速运动能力的天数)达到最大值,和对照组相比延长了87.5%。同时也说明了阿立哌唑能浓度依赖性地延长线虫因衰老丧失其快速运动能力的时间,其作用在浓度为100μM时达到最大值(延长87.5%)。
实施例2
本实施例证明阿立哌唑抗衰老的作用需要节食相关信号通路的参与。衰老是一个复杂的生物学过程,生物体的寿命受到多条信号通路的调控。在线虫中,节食相关的信号通路是调控寿命的最重要的通路之一。
本实施例探究了100μM阿立哌唑对不同基因失活突变体寿命的影响,测量线虫寿命的实验方法与实施例1相同。
线虫的eat-2失活突变体的摄食量因咽部运动障碍而减少,因此常用来模拟一种节食的状态。
结果发现:探究100μM阿立哌唑对eat-2失活突变体寿命的影响。而本实施例中,这种延长寿命的现象在eat-2失活突变体中不复存在(寿命变化为0%,如图3所示),在eat-2失活突变体中,阿立哌唑对线虫平均寿命没有显著影响。说明阿立哌唑延长寿命的作用与节食相关机理有关。
实施例3
在线虫中,aak-2(哺乳动物AMPK的同源蛋白)和daf-16(哺乳动物FOXO3a的同源蛋白)在节食相关机理中起重要作用。为了进一步探究阿立哌唑是否通过调控aak-2/daf-16信号通路来延长线虫寿命,本实施例探究100μM阿立哌唑对aak-2和daf-16两种失活突变体寿命的影响。
结果发现,这种延长寿命的现象在aak-2失活突变体和daf-16失活突变体中不复存在(寿命变化分别为0%和-15.8%,如图4所示),说明阿立哌唑通过aak-2/daf-16(AMPK/FOXO3a)信号通路来延长线虫的寿命。
实施例4
线粒体呼吸是生物体能量的主要来源,并与节食作用密切相关。为了探究阿立哌唑延长寿命的作用是否与线粒体呼吸相关,我们还探究了100μM阿立哌唑对isp-1和clk-1两个线粒体呼吸链重要组分失活突变体寿命的影响。本实施例中,阿立哌唑延长寿命的现象在这两种失活突变体中不复存在(寿命变化为0%,如图5所示),说明阿立哌唑通过调控线粒体呼吸来介导节食相关作用。
从图6和图7说明了,在isp-1和clk-1失活突变体中,阿立哌唑对线虫平均寿命没有显著影响。说明阿立哌唑通过调控线粒体呼吸来介导节食相关作用。
上述相关的阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐相关结构式如下:
阿立哌唑
脱氢阿立哌唑
依匹哌唑
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备抗衰老产品中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物为阿立哌唑、脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑。
3.阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备延长寿命产品中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物为阿立哌唑、脱氢阿立哌唑、依匹哌唑。
5.阿立哌唑衍生物、或其消旋体、立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂合物或药学可接受的盐在制备调控节食产品中的应用。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的产品为制剂、食品、化妆品、护肤品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述制剂含有权利要求1、2或3任一项所述的至少一种成分,加入药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂,制成药学上可以接受的剂型。
8.根据权利要求7的应用,其特征在于,所述药学上可以接受的载体或赋形剂包括至少一种固体、半固体或液体辅料。
9.根据权利要求7的应用,其特征在于,所述药学上可以接受的剂型为胶囊,粉剂,颗粒剂,片剂,口服液,注射液,丸剂,散剂,滴丸剂。
10.根据权利要求1~5任一项所述的应用,所述的阿立哌唑衍生物用于激活AMPK和/或FOXO3a信号通路。
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