CN112106762A - Farmland weeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland weed killer which comprises a vehicle body with a crawler traveling mechanism, wherein a driving operation position is arranged at the upper part of the vehicle body, and a stem leaf treatment device, a grass root collection device and a killing device are sequentially arranged on the horizontal position of the vehicle body between a crawler and the driving operation position and towards the rear of the vehicle body along the advancing direction of the vehicle body. The grass plants and grass roots are respectively collected in a targeted manner and then killed through the weed killer according to the characteristics of the grass plants and the grass roots, so that the problems that the soil is greatly damaged by spraying a herbicide at present, the grass roots and grass seeds cannot be completely killed through mechanical weeding, secondary growth occurs, and the cost is high due to multiple times of weeding are solved. The weed killer can kill grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots respectively and effectively and completely at one time, can effectively prevent the problem that the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots cannot be eradicated, fundamentally solves the trouble of weeds to farmers, and has higher popularization value.

Description

Farmland weeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of farmland weeding, in particular to a farmland weed killer.

Background

Weeds are plants that grow on areas that are harmful to human survival and activity, and are generally non-cultivated wild plants or plants that are not useful to humans. Farmland weeds are understood to mean plants which grow in the field in a manner which is not purposefully cultivated by humans, i.e. all plants except the crops which are intentionally cultivated in the crop field are weeds. Such as wild plants in corn fields, such as barnyard grass, green bristlegrass, purslane, etc.

Farmland weeds directly or indirectly affect agricultural production and affect crop yield, quality and quality. The main pests of farmland weeds are: compete for nutrients, moisture, sunlight and space with crops, prevent ventilation and light transmission in the field, increase local climate temperature, and promote the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, wherein some are intermediate hosts of diseases and insects; the parasitic weeds directly absorb nutrients from crops, so that the yield and the quality of the crops are reduced, and the parasitic weeds have strong adaptability and regeneration capacity. In addition, some weed seeds or pollen contain toxins, which can poison people and livestock.

The prior farmland weed control methods mainly comprise artificial control, chemical control, mechanical control and the like. The mode has the problems of low weeding efficiency, time and labor waste and incomplete weeding, and needs to weed for many times in the growing period of crops, and is only suitable for weeding operation with a small area. The mechanical control is a weeding mode of taking measures such as various plowing, raking, intertillage loosening and the like by using agricultural implements or large-scale agricultural machinery to weed before sowing, before emergence of seedlings, in various growth periods and the like, the mode can only carry out primary treatment on weeds, has the hidden danger of secondary growth on weeds with high moisture content and vigorous growth force, and cannot thoroughly eradicate the weeds. Meanwhile, the grass seeds cannot be eradicated effectively by both artificial control and mechanical control, so that weeds can be bred again. The chemical prevention and elimination adopts a herbicide spraying mode to eradicate the weeds, and the chemical prevention and elimination method is mainly characterized by thorough weeding, high efficiency, labor saving and no heavy field weeding work. However, this approach has limited herbicidal effectiveness against weeds that propagate partially through the root system, and can also result in residual herbicide on the crop and chemical damage to the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a farmland weed killer, wherein a stem leaf treatment device, a grass root collection device and a killing device are sequentially arranged towards the rear side of a vehicle body along the advancing direction of the vehicle body, the stem leaf treatment device and the grass root collection device are connected with the killing device, grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots are purposefully collected and respectively killed according to the characteristics of the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots, and the problems that the current herbicide spraying causes great damage to soil, multiple times of manual weeding have high cost, and the grass roots and the grass seeds cannot be completely killed in the mechanized weeding process, so that secondary growth occurs are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a farmland weeder, is including the automobile body that has crawler travel mechanism upper portion is provided with the driving operation position before the automobile body, wherein, on the automobile body horizontal position between track and the driving operation position, and along its rear of automobile body direction of advance set gradually stem leaf processing apparatus, grass root collection device and kill the device, stem leaf processing apparatus and grass root collection device all with the device that kills links to each other, just kill the device and kill simultaneously with the grass root of the grass seed, the grass stem that stem leaf processing apparatus collected and grass root collection device collection simultaneously.

Preferably, the stem leaf processing apparatus comprises a grass stem shearing mechanism, a stem leaf collecting mechanism and a seed removing device which are connected in sequence, and the seed removing device is connected with the killing device.

Preferably, stem leaf collection mechanism is for transversely setting up the straw stem feeding auger in the front of the automobile body below, it connects to take off the seed device including longitudinal arrangement straw stem feeding auger with kill the grass seed threshing cylinder between the device rotatory in the grass seed threshing cylinder is provided with takes off the seed cylinder, and it is provided with grass seed conveyor to take off seed cylinder bottom.

Preferably, the grass seed conveying device comprises a grass seed conveying channel protruding out of the bottom of the grass seed threshing cylinder, the grass seed conveying channel is axially communicated with an inner cavity of the grass seed threshing cylinder, and a spiral seed conveying device facing the killing device is rotatably arranged in the grass seed conveying channel.

Preferably, the grass root collecting device comprises a grass root digging mechanism, a grass root collecting device and a root and soil separating device, and the root and soil separating device is connected with the killing device.

Preferably, grass root furl device is parallel arrangement and is in grass root feeding screw auger of grass stem feeding screw auger rear below, root soil separator include with grass seed threshing cylinder symmetry set up at the automobile body opposite side, and with kill the root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo that the device is connected in the rotation is provided with root soil separation cylinder in the root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo.

Preferably, the conveyer belt that kills is killed in a plurality of layers that the device includes that the interval sets up from top to bottom, and head and the tail dislocation meets, a grass seed threshing cylinder and a root-soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo all kill the conveyer belt with the removal of topmost and meet, grass seed transfer passage kills with the removal of bottommost and sets up a grass seed discharge section of thick bamboo between the conveyer belt and meet, and the conveyer belt bottom that kills in the removal of bottommost is provided with high temperature and kills device and fan.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots are respectively collected in a targeted manner and completely killed through the weed killer according to the characteristics of the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots, so that the problems that the soil is greatly damaged by spraying herbicide at present and the grass roots and the grass seeds cannot be completely killed in the mechanized weeding process to cause secondary growth are solved. The weed killer can kill grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots respectively and effectively and completely at one time, can effectively prevent the problem that the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots cannot be completely killed, fundamentally solves the trouble of weeds to farmers, and has higher popularization value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the farmland weed killer of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the internal structure of the farmland weed killer of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the grass seed threshing cylinder according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the soil-root separating screen cylinder of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the farmland weed killer comprises a vehicle body 1 with a crawler walking mechanism 100, wherein a driving operation position 20 is arranged on the upper portion of the vehicle body 1, the crawler walking mechanism 100 increases the grounding area of the weed killer, reduces the compaction effect of machines on soil, and is small in turning radius, not easy to slip, flexible and convenient. On 1 horizontal position of automobile body between crawler-type running gear 100 and driving operation position 20, and along 1 direction of advance of automobile body towards its rear have set gradually stem leaf processing apparatus, grass root collection device and kill the device, stem leaf processing apparatus and grass root collection device all with the device that kills links to each other, just kill the grass root that the device collected grass seed, grass stem and the grass root collection device that the stem leaf processing apparatus collected simultaneously and carry out high temperature simultaneously and kill. The grass-killing principle of the grass-killing machine disclosed by the invention is that grass seeds (with granular structures), grass stems (with various rod-shaped structures) and grass roots (with flocculent and more soil) are classified, collected and cleaned in a targeted manner and then killed according to the characteristics of the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots. The problems that the current herbicide spraying causes great harm to soil and the grass roots and grass seeds cannot be completely killed in the mechanized weeding process, so that secondary growth occurs are solved. The weed killer can kill grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots at high temperature effectively at one time, and radically solves the trouble of weeds on agricultural production.

Further in order to carry out effectual separation with grass seed and stem leaf, stem leaf processing apparatus is including the grass stem shearing mechanism, stem leaf collection device and the seed device that takes off of connecting in proper order, take off the seed device with the device that kills is connected. Cut the mechanism through the grass stem and cut the department (being equivalent to and close to ground department) that meets at grass stem and grass root, separate stem leaf and grass root, and will through stem leaf collection device this stem leaf that the mechanism was cut in succession to the grass stem is cut is collected in succession, continues to carry out the separation of seed grain and stem leaf in taking off the seed device after the collection, carries out the processing of killing of different modes through killing the device after the separation is accomplished, has effectively avoided the influence each other when seed grain and stem leaf simultaneous processing and has leaded to both to all kill incomplete problem.

Specifically, the grass stem shearing mechanism is preferably a mechanical reciprocating type cutter 9 (equivalent to a cutter of a wheat combine harvester), and the joint of the weed stem and the grass root is sheared by the mechanical reciprocating type cutter 9, so that the aim of separating the weed stem from the grass root is fulfilled. Stem leaf collection mechanism is for transversely setting up grass stem feeding auger 2 in 1 preceding below of automobile body, it connects to take off the seed device including longitudinal arrangement grass stem feeding auger 2 with kill the grass seed between the device and thresh a section of thick bamboo 3 rotatory in the grass seed threshing section of thick bamboo 3 is provided with threshing cylinder 4, and 3 bottoms of grass seed threshing section of thick bamboo are provided with grass seed conveyor. The vehicle body 1 is provided with a cutting table 10, a mechanical reciprocating type cutter 9 and a straw feeding spiral auger 2 are arranged on the cutting table 10, and one end of a straw seed threshing cylinder 3 is connected to the cutting table 10. The weed stalks are cut by a mechanical reciprocating type cutting knife 9 and then are collected to the inlet of a grass seed threshing cylinder 3 at one end of a header 10 by a grass stalk feeding spiral auger 2. Preferably, the inner wall of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3 is provided with the rotating blades 30, the concave toothed plate 34 is movably arranged between the upper half part of the inner wall of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3 and the seed threshing roller 4, the distance from the concave toothed plate 34 to the surface of the seed threshing roller 4 can be adjusted, so that the grass seed threshing cylinder is suitable for different weed varieties and growth conditions, the seed threshing efficiency can be accelerated by increasing the gap, and the seed threshing effect can be enhanced by reducing the gap. The uniform distribution of the surface of the seed-removing roller 4 is provided with a plurality of spike teeth 40, the grass stems are conveyed towards the killing device under the guiding action of the helical blades through the rotation of the seed-removing roller 4, the grass seeds and the stem leaves are separated through the action of the rotating centrifugal force of the seed-removing roller 4 and the rotating beating action of the spike teeth 40 on the surface of the seed-removing roller 4 in the rotating conveying process, and meanwhile, the grass stems are rubbed and broken through the interaction of the spike teeth 40 and the helical blades 30, so that the subsequent killing treatment on the grass stems is facilitated. The grass seeds are collected through the grass seed conveying device and conveyed to the killing device to be killed, the grass stems are conveyed to the killing device through the spiral blades 30 on the inner wall of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3 in rotating fit with the seed threshing cylinder 4 to be killed, the grass seeds and the grass stems are separated and killed in the above mode, the incomplete killing and easy regeneration problems caused by different self characteristics of the grass seeds and the grass stems are avoided.

Because the grass seeds are in the dry state, when the reciprocating type cutting knife 9 of machinery collides the grass stem, part grass seeds can directly fall on the header 10 and can not carry through grass seeds conveyor and kill in killing the device, consequently in order to solve this problem and avoid the omission of grass seeds, the grass seeds collection mouth 11 of being connected with grass seeds conveyor is seted up to the department of feeding the mouth in header 10 (preferably arc structure) bottom, the grass seeds that will drop are collected in header 10 bottom, carry by grass seeds conveyor and kill in killing the device, the effectual omission of avoiding the grass seeds and the condition of regrowth appears easily.

Further in order to effectively collect the separated grass seeds, the grass seed conveying device comprises a grass seed conveying channel 31 protruding out of the bottom of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3, the grass seed conveying channel 31 is axially communicated with the inner cavity of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3, and a spiral seed conveying device facing the direction of the killing device is rotatably arranged in the grass seed conveying channel 31. Through the action of the rotating centrifugal force of the seed threshing roller 4, the separated grass seeds fall into a grass seed conveying channel 31 at the bottom of the grass seed threshing cylinder 3 through the characteristic of the particles and the action of self gravity, and then the grass seeds are conveyed to a killing device through a spiral seed conveying device to be killed. The spiral seed conveying device is provided with a rotary rod 12 and a spiral blade 13, grass seeds are conveyed towards the direction of the killing device through the rotation of the spiral blade 13, and a grass seed collecting port 11 is connected with a grass seed conveying channel 31 and used for conveying the fallen grass seeds into the killing device for killing.

The same earth in order to go up the adhesion with the grass root is got rid of, grass root processing apparatus includes that the grass root digs mechanism, grass root collection device and root soil separator, root soil separator with the device connection that kills. Preferably, the grass root digs the mechanism and draws in between the device including the shovel head 16 that connects gradually, vibrating screen 17 (its preferred slope sets up at shovel head 16 and grass root and draws in, be convenient for leave the soil screening space of take the altitude with the earth's surface), shovel head 16 is used for stretching into soil and shovels the grass root in succession, and the grass root can gush into to vibrating screen 17 direction at the in-process that automobile body 1 was marchd, carry out the one-level screening through vibrating screen 17 with the earth of adhesion on the grass root, make earth break away from with the grass root, be convenient for follow-up carry out corresponding killing to the grass root, avoid earth to the influence that the grass root killed. And then, the grass roots are continuously collected by the grass root collecting device, and are continuously conveyed to the root-soil separating device for secondary separation of grass roots and soil after being collected, and then the grass roots are killed by the killing device, so that the problem that soil adhered to the grass roots affects the incomplete killing of the grass roots is effectively solved.

Specifically, the grass root collecting device is a grass root feeding spiral auger 5 which is arranged in parallel at the rear lower part of the grass stem feeding spiral auger 2 and is arranged at the upper end of the vibrating screen 17. The root-soil separating device comprises a root-soil separating screen cylinder 6 which is symmetrically arranged at the other side of the vehicle body 1 and is connected with the killing device and is provided with a root-soil separating roller 7 in the root-soil separating screen cylinder 6 in a rotating way. Dig out the device through the grass root with grass root earth from soil, and carry out one-level sieve soil through vibrating screen 17, gather the grass root to root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 port feeding through grass root feeding auger 5 in succession, and carry out hack and soil removal processing with grass root earth separation cylinder 7 in root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 with grass root earth, it is preferred, root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 is similar with grass seed threshing cylinder 3 structure, and the activity is equipped with concave toothed plate 34 between root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 inner wall first and root soil separation cylinder 7, the lower half inner wall is equipped with screen cloth 33, can adjust the distance of concave toothed plate 34 to root soil separation cylinder 7 surface, so that adapt to the growth condition of different soil property and grass root, it can accelerate the efficiency of taking off soil to increase the clearance, it can strengthen the effect of taking off soil to reduce the clearance. The surface of the root soil separation roller 7 is evenly provided with a plurality of spike teeth 40. Under the rotatory guide effect that cooperates helical blade 30 of root soil separation cylinder 7, rotatory and the transport towards killing the device direction with the grass root, and the hitting effect of spike tooth 40 separates earth and grass root, discharges through screen cloth 33 to simultaneously rub the grass root into pieces through the interact of spike tooth 40 and helical blade, be convenient for follow-up the processing of killing to the grass root. At rotary conveying's in-process, through the effect of the rotatory centrifugal force of root soil separation cylinder 7 with earth and grass root separation, the grass root is killed in carrying the device that kills after collecting through root soil separation cylinder 7, earth then discharges the soil surface through the mesh of root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 bottoms. Through the mode, the grass roots and the soil are separated and then killed, the protection effect of the soil on the grass roots is avoided, the problem that the grass roots cannot be thoroughly killed is solved, and the hidden danger of regrowth of the grass roots is solved.

In order to carry out effectual processing of killing respectively to grass seed, grass stem and grass root, the conveyer belt 8 that kills is removed and kills including a plurality of layers that the interval set up from top to bottom and head and the tail dislocation meets to the device that kills, a grass seed threshing cylinder 3 and a root and soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo 6 all kill the conveyer belt 8 with the removal of topmost and meet, grass seed transfer passage 31 and the removal of bottommost kill and set up a grass seed discharge section of thick bamboo 32 between the conveyer belt 8 and meet, kill conveyer belt 8 bottom and be provided with high temperature and kill device and fan 15 in the removal of bottommost. As described above and shown in fig. 1, the grass seed threshing cylinder 3 and the root-soil separating screen cylinder 6 are respectively connected to both ends of the topmost movable killing conveyor belt 8, and respectively convey the grass stalks and the grass roots after respective treatment to both sides of the movable killing conveyor belt 8 on the layer, and gradually perform high-temperature drying and evaporation on the moisture in the grass stalks and the grass roots in the conveying process of the movable killing conveyor belt 8 step by step and the high-temperature action of the high-temperature killing device, so that the grass stalks and the grass roots lose activity when being discharged to the soil surface through the movable killing conveyor belt 8 at the lowest end, and are completely killed without regenerated moisture conditions after being discharged to the soil surface. And the grass seeds have less moisture content for grass stem and grass root, therefore the evaporation that carries out moisture is not killed through the removal step by step to the grass seeds conveyer belt 8, but with the grass seeds through the removal that grass seeds discharge tube 32 directly carried the least significant end kill conveyer belt 8 on the intermediate position, because the high temperature device setting of killing is in the removal of this bottom kill conveyer belt 8 bottom, consequently this layer removes and has higher temperature on killing the conveyer belt 8, can make the grass seeds kill by high temperature in the short time. Preferably, in order to avoid the grass stems and grass roots on the upper layer from flowing to the movable killing conveyer belt 8 at the lowest end to block the grass seeds, the grass seed conveying channel 31 is connected in the middle of the movable killing conveyer belt 8 at the lowest end, and the influence of stems, leaves and grass roots on two sides is avoided. In order to enhance the killing effect of high temperature on grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots, the high-temperature killing device specifically comprises a plurality of fuel oil heating spray heads 14 distributed at the bottom of the bottommost movable killing conveyor belt 8, and the radiation area of high-temperature flame sprayed by the fuel oil heating spray heads 14 can be increased under the action of a fan 15. And the preferred equipartition is equipped with a plurality of meshs on every removal conveyer belt 8 that kills, can carry on the heat of the high temperature flame of fuel heating shower nozzle spun on every layer of removal conveyer belt 8 that kills step by step fast through this mesh, carries out the high temperature drying process of multilayer continuity to grass stem and grass root for it loses the activity and can not regenerate when arranging soil surface. In order to facilitate the discharge of water vapor in the body, an exhaust port 200 is formed in the body.

In order to adapt to the killing modes of weeds with different types and heights, the cutting table 10 (comprising a mechanical reciprocating type cutting knife 9 and a grass stem feeding spiral auger 2) and the grass root digging device (comprising a grass root feeding spiral auger 5) can be independently lifted. The straw feeding screw auger 2 and the straw root feeding screw auger 5 are both preferably telescopic rake mechanisms 18, which are convenient for feeding the straw stems and the straw roots into the straw seed threshing cylinder 3 and the root soil separation screen cylinder 6 in sequence.

The principle of the invention is as follows: the grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots are respectively collected in a targeted manner and then killed through the weed killer according to the characteristics of the grass seeds, the grass stems and the grass roots, so that the problems that the soil is greatly damaged by spraying a herbicide at present and the grass roots and the grass seeds cannot be completely killed in the mechanized weeding process to cause secondary growth are solved. The weed killer can kill grass seeds, grass stems and grass roots respectively and effectively and completely at one time, and thoroughly eradicate weed harm.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a farmland weeder, is including automobile body (1) that has track running gear (100) upper portion is provided with driving operation position (20) before automobile body (1), wherein, on automobile body (1) horizontal position between track running gear (100) and driving operation position (20), and along automobile body (1) direction of advance towards its rear have set gradually stem leaf processing apparatus, grass root collection device and the device of killing, stem leaf processing apparatus and grass root collection device all with the device of killing links to each other, just the grass root that the device of killing simultaneously collected grass seed, grass stem and the grass root collection device of stem leaf processing apparatus is killed simultaneously.

2. The field lawnmower of claim 1, wherein: stem leaf processing apparatus cuts mechanism, stem leaf collection mechanism and takes off the seed device including the grass stem who connects in proper order, take off the seed device with the device connection that kills.

3. A field weed killer according to claim 2, characterized in that: stem leaf collection mechanism is for transversely setting up straw stem feeding spiral screw feeder (2) of below before automobile body (1), it connects to take off the seed device including longitudinal arrangement straw stem feeding spiral screw feeder (2) with go out and kill a grass seed between the device and thresh a section of thick bamboo (3) rotatory being provided with in a grass seed threshing section of thick bamboo (3) and taking off seed cylinder (4), and grass seed threshing section of thick bamboo (3) bottom is provided with grass seed conveyor.

4. A field weed killer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the grass seed conveying device comprises a grass seed conveying channel (31) protruding out of the bottom of the grass seed threshing cylinder (3), the grass seed conveying channel (31) is axially communicated with an inner cavity of the grass seed threshing cylinder (3), and a spiral seed conveying device facing the direction of the killing device is rotatably arranged in the grass seed conveying channel (31).

5. The field lawnmower of claim 4, wherein: the grass root collecting device comprises a grass root digging mechanism, a grass root collecting device and a root-soil separating device, wherein the root-soil separating device is connected with the killing device.

6. The agricultural field weed killer of claim 5, wherein: grass root draw in device is parallel arrangement and is in grass root feeding spiral screw feeder (5) of grass stem feeding spiral screw feeder (2) back below, root soil separator include with grass seed threshing cylinder (3) symmetry set up at automobile body (1) opposite side, and with kill root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo (6) that the device is connected root soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo (6) in the rotation be provided with root soil separation cylinder (7).

7. The agricultural field weed killer of claim 6, wherein: kill the device including upper and lower interval setting, and a plurality of layers removal that the head and the tail dislocation meets kill conveyer belt (8), a grass seed threshing cylinder (3) and root and soil separation sieve section of thick bamboo (6) all kill conveyer belt (8) with the removal of topmost and meet, grass seed transfer passage (31) and the removal of bottommost are killed and are set up a grass seed discharge section of thick bamboo (32) between conveyer belt (8) and meet mutually, and the removal of bottommost is killed conveyer belt (8) bottom and is provided with high temperature and kill device and fan (15).

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