RU2226339C1 - Method for cultivation of ecologically clean potato - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves providing early planting of potatoes of kinds having different ripening time depending on kind of weedage and extent of infection of land with soil-dwelling pests; mowing tops before harvesting and sowing of farm crops for producing of grain, feed or for use of green manure after harvesting; plowing walnut leaves into soil in autumn. EFFECT: provision for obtaining of ecologically clean potato and improved environment sanitation. 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to agriculture.

A known method of permanent cultivation of potatoes (Patent No. 2157616), including planting in the ridges, row-spacings, desiccation of tops, sowing a mixture of green manure crops after harvesting, autumn cutting of the ridges.

However, this method does not provide sufficient purity of plantings from weeds (Jerusalem artichoke, ragweed, sow thistle) and pests (Colorado potato beetle, bear, wireworm), multiple chemical treatments are necessary.

The purpose of the invention is the production of environmentally friendly potatoes and the improvement of the environment.

This goal is achieved by planting potatoes of early, medium and late ripening, depending on the type and degree of weediness and pest infestation, mowing tops, postharvest sowing of crops for grain, fodder or green manure, applying nut leaves for autumn plowing.

The method is as follows.

In autumn, nut leaves are used for plowing, which have a deterrent effect on soil-borne pests, and ridges are cut. Early in the spring, in areas heavily clogged with Jerusalem artichoke, potatoes are planted, row-spacings. Tubers are harvested in early summer with preliminary mowing of tops. By this time, the uterine tubers of Jerusalem artichoke have been depleted, and young ones have not yet formed, therefore, mowing tops, harvesting and subsequent cultivation of the soil with milling tools can significantly clear the weediness of Jerusalem artichoke, ambrosia and pink sow thistle. The Colorado potato beetle and soil-borne pests do not have time to cause noticeable damage to the crop. The site is sown with buckwheat, corn, soybeans for grain or feed. Harvest tubers used for summer consumption, diet food.

In areas with a predominant infestation of wormwood, early planting of early varieties of potatoes for summer harvesting with preliminary mowing of tops prior to the beginning of flowering of ragweed is carried out, which reduces the clogging of seeds by it and prevents the allergic effect of pollen on people. The wireworm and other soil-borne pests do not have time to significantly damage the potatoes. After harvesting, the soil is treated with chisel implements and a multicomponent mixture of crops is sown for feed or green manure.

In sparsely littered areas with a high population density by soil-borne pests and the Colorado potato beetle, late-ripening potato varieties are also planted early in the spring to harvest earlier, which will reduce the damage to tubers and potato tops. If necessary, conduct a single treatment with chemicals against the Colorado potato beetle. Aisles are processed as needed. After harvesting, prepare the soil and sow the green manure mixture.

Example. On a site heavily hit by wireworms, walnut leaves were scattered, plowed, and ridges were cut. Early in the spring they planted potatoes of late maturity (Volzhanin), during the summer they carried out three inter-row cultivations, and they harvested the tops before harvesting. The potatoes were harvested at the end of August, the soil was cultivated with a chisel cultivator and the grass mixture was sown on green manure.

The proposed method is applicable in the suburban and resort areas for environmentally friendly potatoes during the summer season and for storage in winter. The method allows to reduce weediness and the number of soil-borne pests during permanent plantings. Post-harvest sowing of crops for grain, fodder or sidira gives an additional crop, enriches the soil, performs the phytosanitary role of crop rotation.

The application of the method allows to reduce the allergic effect of ragweed pollen on humans and the chemical load on the environment.

Claims (1)

A method of cultivating organic potatoes, including ridge planting, inter-row cultivation, sowing green crops, characterized in that, depending on the type and degree of weediness and affection of the plot with soil-borne pests, early planting of potatoes of different ripening periods is carried out, the tops being mowed before harvesting and after harvesting tubers crops are sown for grain, fodder or green manure according to the harvesting time, and under the plowing in the fall, walnut leaves are scattered.