CN112094989B - 一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，属于金属处理技术领域，包括如下步骤：(1)淬火处理、(2)回火处理、(3)表面喷涂处理。本发明工艺步骤搭配合理，易于推广应用，其处理后的销轴耐磨耐腐性好、使用寿命长、稳定性和可靠性高，提升了销轴的市场竞争力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属处理技术领域，具体涉及一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺。
背景技术
链条行业中，销轴的应用十分的广泛且生产批量较大。用于转动工作中既承受弯矩又承受扭矩的轴，由于其是关键部件，因此对其强度和韧性有较高要求。由于销轴需要较高的硬度和较强的耐磨性等，所以销轴对于材料以及热处理的工艺要求会比较严格。目前现有技术对于销轴的处理工艺较为普通，处理后的销轴无论是强度，还是耐腐性等均存在较大的改进空间，使用寿命亟需进一步增强。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)淬火处理：
将销轴投入到淬火炉内进行淬火处理，45～50min后取出，然后浸入到淬火液中冷却处理1～1.5h后取出备用；
(2)回火处理：
将步骤(1)处理后的销轴投入到回火炉内进行回火处理，1.5～2h后取出，然后自然冷却至室温后备用；
(3)表面喷涂处理：
将事先预制的复合料通过喷枪喷涂于步骤(2)处理后的销轴表面上，然后再将其置于恒温箱内保温处理2～3h后取出即可。
进一步的，步骤(1)中所述的淬火处理时控制淬火炉内的温度为820～850℃。
进一步的，步骤(1)中所述的淬火液为油基淬火液。
进一步的，步骤(2)中所述的回火处理时控制回火炉内的温度为520～550℃。
进一步的，步骤(3)中所述的复合料的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合，然后加热反应处理8～10h，完成后滤出得混合物A备用；
2)将碳纳米管浸入到混酸溶液中，酸浸处理25～30min后滤出，清水冲洗一遍后再将其投入到钛酸酯偶联剂中，超声处理25～30min后滤出，最后再经干燥处理后得改性碳纳米管备用；
3)利用化学气相沉积法将步骤2)制得的改性碳纳米管沉积裹覆于步骤1)制得的混合物A上，完成后得混合微球B备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合，磁力搅拌均匀后取出即可。
进一步的，步骤1)中所述的苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合时对应的重量比为28～32:1.5～2.5:3～5:0.4～0.8:100～110；所述的引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈引发剂；所述的分散剂为疏基乙酸；所述的溶剂为乙醇；所述加热反应处理时控制温度为82～86℃；所述混合物A的粒径为8～12μm。
进一步的，步骤2)中所述的混酸溶液是由硫酸和硝酸按照体积比2.5～2.8:1混合而成；所述超声处理时控制超声波的频率为400～440kHz；所述干燥处理时控制干燥的温度为75～85℃、干燥的时长为5～8h。
进一步的，步骤3)中所述的化学气相沉积法是在真空度为0.05～0.1Pa的真空环境下，控制等离子体密度为5～8×1012、通入改性碳纳米管，在室温条件下利用此等离子体定向辅助沉积在混合物A表面上。
进一步的，步骤4)中所述的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合时对应的重量比为7～10:75～80:0.3～0.6:3～5:0.5～1；所述的消泡剂为AC消泡剂；所述的固化剂为异氰酸酯。
进一步的，步骤(3)中所述的保温处理时控制恒温箱内的温度为85～90℃。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
本发明提供了一种销轴的表面处理工艺，有效的增强了销轴的使用品质，延长了其使用寿命，提高了其在链条等传动部件中的稳定性和可靠性；在此工艺中，先对销轴进行了表面淬火、回火处理，提升了其表面的硬度和耐磨性，为了进一步提升销轴的综合特性，又进行了复合料的热喷涂处理，所用的复合料稳固的固定于销轴上后，即增强了销轴的耐腐耐候性，又增强了销轴的耐磨稳定性，并有助于降低淬火产生的内应力，改善了销轴的使用稳定性。最终经过本工艺处理后的销轴耐磨耐腐性好、使用寿命长、稳定性和可靠性高，极具推广应用价值。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)淬火处理：
将销轴投入到淬火炉内进行淬火处理，45min后取出，然后浸入到淬火液中冷却处理1h后取出备用；
(2)回火处理：
将步骤(1)处理后的销轴投入到回火炉内进行回火处理，1.5h后取出，然后自然冷却至室温后备用；
(3)表面喷涂处理：
将事先预制的复合料通过喷枪喷涂于步骤(2)处理后的销轴表面上，然后再将其置于恒温箱内保温处理2h后取出即可。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火处理时控制淬火炉内的温度为820℃。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火液为油基淬火液。
步骤(2)中所述的回火处理时控制回火炉内的温度为520℃。
步骤(3)中所述的复合料的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合，然后加热反应处理8h，完成后滤出得混合物A备用；
2)将碳纳米管浸入到混酸溶液中，酸浸处理25min后滤出，清水冲洗一遍后再将其投入到钛酸酯偶联剂中，超声处理25min后滤出，最后再经干燥处理后得改性碳纳米管备用；
3)利用化学气相沉积法将步骤2)制得的改性碳纳米管沉积裹覆于步骤1)制得的混合物A上，完成后得混合微球B备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合，磁力搅拌均匀后取出即可。
步骤1)中所述的苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合时对应的重量比为28:1.5.5:3:0.4:100；所述的引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈引发剂；所述的分散剂为疏基乙酸；所述的溶剂为乙醇；所述加热反应处理时控制温度为82℃；所述混合物A的粒径为8～12μm。
步骤2)中所述的混酸溶液是由硫酸和硝酸按照体积比2.5:1混合而成；所述超声处理时控制超声波的频率为400kHz；所述干燥处理时控制干燥的温度为75℃、干燥的时长为5h。
步骤3)中所述的化学气相沉积法是在真空度为0.05～0.1Pa的真空环境下，控制等离子体密度为5×1012、通入改性碳纳米管，在室温条件下利用此等离子体定向辅助沉积在混合物A表面上。
步骤4)中所述的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合时对应的重量比为7:75:0.3:3:0.5；所述的消泡剂为AC消泡剂；所述的固化剂为异氰酸酯。
步骤(3)中所述的保温处理时控制恒温箱内的温度为85℃。
实施例2
一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)淬火处理：
将销轴投入到淬火炉内进行淬火处理，48min后取出，然后浸入到淬火液中冷却处理1.3h后取出备用；
(2)回火处理：
将步骤(1)处理后的销轴投入到回火炉内进行回火处理，1.8h后取出，然后自然冷却至室温后备用；
(3)表面喷涂处理：
将事先预制的复合料通过喷枪喷涂于步骤(2)处理后的销轴表面上，然后再将其置于恒温箱内保温处理2.5h后取出即可。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火处理时控制淬火炉内的温度为840℃。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火液为油基淬火液。
步骤(2)中所述的回火处理时控制回火炉内的温度为540℃。
步骤(3)中所述的复合料的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合，然后加热反应处理9h，完成后滤出得混合物A备用；
2)将碳纳米管浸入到混酸溶液中，酸浸处理27min后滤出，清水冲洗一遍后再将其投入到钛酸酯偶联剂中，超声处理28min后滤出，最后再经干燥处理后得改性碳纳米管备用；
3)利用化学气相沉积法将步骤2)制得的改性碳纳米管沉积裹覆于步骤1)制得的混合物A上，完成后得混合微球B备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合，磁力搅拌均匀后取出即可。
步骤1)中所述的苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合时对应的重量比为30:2:4:0.6:105；所述的引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈引发剂；所述的分散剂为疏基乙酸；所述的溶剂为乙醇；所述加热反应处理时控制温度为85℃；所述混合物A的粒径为8～12μm。
步骤2)中所述的混酸溶液是由硫酸和硝酸按照体积比2.7:1混合而成；所述超声处理时控制超声波的频率为420kHz；所述干燥处理时控制干燥的温度为80℃、干燥的时长为7h。
步骤3)中所述的化学气相沉积法是在真空度为0.05～0.1Pa的真空环境下，控制等离子体密度为6.5×1012、通入改性碳纳米管，在室温条件下利用此等离子体定向辅助沉积在混合物A表面上。
步骤4)中所述的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合时对应的重量比为9:78:0.5:4:0.8；所述的消泡剂为AC消泡剂；所述的固化剂为异氰酸酯。
步骤(3)中所述的保温处理时控制恒温箱内的温度为87℃。
实施例3
一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)淬火处理：
将销轴投入到淬火炉内进行淬火处理，50min后取出，然后浸入到淬火液中冷却处理1.5h后取出备用；
(2)回火处理：
将步骤(1)处理后的销轴投入到回火炉内进行回火处理，2h后取出，然后自然冷却至室温后备用；
(3)表面喷涂处理：
将事先预制的复合料通过喷枪喷涂于步骤(2)处理后的销轴表面上，然后再将其置于恒温箱内保温处理3h后取出即可。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火处理时控制淬火炉内的温度为850℃。
步骤(1)中所述的淬火液为油基淬火液。
步骤(2)中所述的回火处理时控制回火炉内的温度为550℃。
步骤(3)中所述的复合料的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合，然后加热反应处理10h，完成后滤出得混合物A备用；
2)将碳纳米管浸入到混酸溶液中，酸浸处理30min后滤出，清水冲洗一遍后再将其投入到钛酸酯偶联剂中，超声处理30min后滤出，最后再经干燥处理后得改性碳纳米管备用；
3)利用化学气相沉积法将步骤2)制得的改性碳纳米管沉积裹覆于步骤1)制得的混合物A上，完成后得混合微球B备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合，磁力搅拌均匀后取出即可。
步骤1)中所述的苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合时对应的重量比为32:2.5:5:0.8:110；所述的引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈引发剂；所述的分散剂为疏基乙酸；所述的溶剂为乙醇；所述加热反应处理时控制温度为86℃；所述混合物A的粒径为8～12μm。
步骤2)中所述的混酸溶液是由硫酸和硝酸按照体积比2.8:1混合而成；所述超声处理时控制超声波的频率为440kHz；所述干燥处理时控制干燥的温度为85℃、干燥的时长为8h。
步骤3)中所述的化学气相沉积法是在真空度为0.05～0.1Pa的真空环境下，控制等离子体密度为8×1012、通入改性碳纳米管，在室温条件下利用此等离子体定向辅助沉积在混合物A表面上。
步骤4)中所述的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合时对应的重量比为10:80:0.6:5:1；所述的消泡剂为AC消泡剂；所述的固化剂为异氰酸酯。
步骤(3)中所述的保温处理时控制恒温箱内的温度为90℃。
本发明处理工艺能够将销轴的耐磨性提高25％以上、将其耐腐性提高30％以上、综合使用寿命延长30％左右，显著提升了其在链条等传动机构中的使用稳定性和可靠性，极具推广和应用价值。
Claims (1)
1.一种提升销轴使用寿命的处理工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)淬火处理：
将销轴投入到淬火炉内进行淬火处理，45～50min后取出，然后浸入到淬火液中冷却处理1～1.5h后取出备用；
(2)回火处理：
将步骤(1)处理后的销轴投入到回火炉内进行回火处理，1.5～2h后取出，然后自然冷却至室温后备用；
(3)表面喷涂处理：
将事先预制的复合料通过喷枪喷涂于步骤(2)处理后的销轴表面上，然后再将其置于恒温箱内保温处理2～3h后取出即可；
步骤(1)中所述的淬火处理时控制淬火炉内的温度为820～850℃；步骤(1)中所述的淬火液为油基淬火液；
步骤(2)中所述的回火处理时控制回火炉内的温度为520～550℃；步骤(3)中所述的复合料的制备方法包括如下步骤：
1)将苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合，然后加热反应处理8～10h，完成后滤出得混合物A备用；
2)将碳纳米管浸入到混酸溶液中，酸浸处理25～30min后滤出，清水冲洗一遍后再将其投入到钛酸酯偶联剂中，超声处理25～30min后滤出，最后再经干燥处理后得改性碳纳米管备用；
3)利用化学气相沉积法将步骤2)制得的改性碳纳米管沉积裹覆于步骤1)制得的混合物A上，完成后得混合微球B备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合，磁力搅拌均匀后取出即可；步骤1)中所述的苯乙烯单体、引发剂、分散剂、纳米二氧化钛和溶剂共同混合时对应的重量比为28～32:1.5～2.5:3～5:0.4～0.8:100～110；所述的引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈引发剂；所述的分散剂为疏基乙酸；所述的溶剂为乙醇；所述加热反应处理时控制温度为82～86℃；所述混合物A的粒径为8～12μm；步骤2)中所述的混酸溶液是由硫酸和硝酸按照体积比2.5～2.8:1混合而成；所述超声处理时控制超声波的频率为400～440kHz；所述干燥处理时控制干燥的温度为75～85℃、干燥的时长为5～8h；步骤3)中所述的化学气相沉积法是在真空度为0.05～0.1Pa的真空环境下，控制等离子体密度为5～8×1012、通入改性碳纳米管，在室温条件下利用此等离子体定向辅助沉积在混合物A表面上；步骤4)中所述的混合微球B、环氧树脂、消泡剂、六偏磷酸钠、固化剂共同混合时对应的重量比为7～10:75～80:0.3～0.6:3～5:0.5～1；所述的消泡剂为AC消泡剂；所述的固化剂为异氰酸酯；
步骤(3)中所述的保温处理时控制恒温箱内的温度为85～90℃。
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