CN112088666B - Straw crushing and forming equipment - Google Patents
Straw crushing and forming equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112088666B CN112088666B CN202011262483.4A CN202011262483A CN112088666B CN 112088666 B CN112088666 B CN 112088666B CN 202011262483 A CN202011262483 A CN 202011262483A CN 112088666 B CN112088666 B CN 112088666B
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- straw
- smashing
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- crushing
- cylinder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/02—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis
- A01F29/04—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges in a plane perpendicular to their rotational axis with feeding direction transverse to axis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D89/00—Pick-ups for loaders, chaff-cutters, balers, field-threshers, or the like, i.e. attachments for picking-up hay or the like field crops
- A01D89/001—Pick-up systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/01—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like specially adapted for being mounted on or drawn by a tractor, e.g. field choppers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
- A01F29/10—Feeding devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to straw smashing and forming equipment which comprises a vehicle body, wherein a support frame is installed on the front side of the vehicle body, a straw raking frame is installed on the support frame in a rotating mode, a straw gathering rotary vane is arranged on the rear side of the straw raking frame, the straw gathering rotary vane is installed on the support frame in a rotating mode, a material lifting cylinder is arranged on the rear side of the straw gathering rotary vane, a smashing cabin is fixedly installed on the vehicle body, the other end of the material lifting cylinder is communicated with the smashing cabin, a smashing frame and a smashing frame are installed in the smashing cabin, the smashing frame is located on the front side of the smashing frame, a material bin is installed at the tail of the smashing cabin and communicated with the smashing cabin, a motor used for driving the straw raking frame, the straw gathering rotary vane, the smashing frame and the smashing frame to rotate is installed on the vehicle body, and a traction hook. The equipment can provide a preparation material for cement-straw solidified soil, and the straw particles can play a role in improving the strength of in-situ solidified silt or soft soil, so that construction machinery can smoothly enter a field to carry out subsequent operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to straw crushing and processing equipment, in particular to straw crushing and forming equipment.
Background
Along with the development of economy in China, the scale of building engineering and road construction is continuously increased, and the problem of processing ultra-soft foundations formed by soft soil or sludge with high water content is often encountered in construction. For example, in the hydraulic reclamation project, the surface water of the deposited sludge in the cofferdam is pumped and dried, and then natural airing treatment is generally continuously performed, because the clay content and the initial water content of the deposited sludge are high, even if the sludge is aired for several years, the surface layer of the sludge is only a crust layer with the thickness of dozens of centimeters, the overall strength is still low, the sludge is still too weak as the construction ground, and the construction machinery is difficult to enter the field to perform subsequent related operations. Therefore, the silt or soft soil is cured in situ in advance to form a cured layer of 0.5m to 1.0m on the surface of the silt or soft soil, the cured layer is prepared by adding water into cement and the silt according to a certain proportion and then mixing and stirring, the strength of the cured layer is increased along with the increase of time (age), and finally a cured crust is formed on the surface of the silt. The solidified layer can provide an effective construction operation surface for subsequent foundation treatment means, so that construction machinery can smoothly enter and exit a construction site through the sludge crust layer.
The existing problems still exist in that the hard shell layer after in-situ curing can bear enough pressure but can not bear larger tensile force, and the hard shell layer is easy to longitudinally break, so that the operation of engineering machinery is influenced. Experimental research shows that the problem can be effectively solved by adding the fiber medium into the solidified layer, the principle is equal to that of a steel bar in reinforced concrete, and the fiber medium provides a tensile medium for the solidified layer. Straw is used as solid waste, the environmental problem generated by burning is increasingly obvious, the straw is a good resource, for example, the straw is used as a filler after being crushed and is stirred with cement and soil to form cement-straw solidified soil, the straw can play the roles of water absorption, framework, lightening and reinforcement in the cement-straw solidified soil, and the strength and the integral bearing capacity of the formed soil body of the working face can be further improved.
Although cement-straw solidified soil is currently conceived, no straw processing equipment for the solidified soil exists, so that the concept only stays in the experimental stage, and a straw crushing device is developed for the purpose of being conveniently applied to sludge solidification and being claimed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide straw crushing equipment aiming at the problems so as to facilitate the processing of cement-straw solidified soil used in construction engineering and solve the problem of processing ultra-soft foundation formed by soft soil or sludge with high water content in construction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses straw crushing and forming equipment, which comprises a vehicle body, wherein the bottom of the vehicle body is provided with a traveling wheel, and the straw crushing and forming equipment is structurally characterized in that: the utility model discloses a straw cutting machine, including the automobile body, the front side of automobile body installs the support frame, rotate on the support frame and install and hug the grass frame, the rear side of hugging the grass frame is equipped with the straw and gathers together the rotary vane, the straw gathers together the rotary vane and rotates and install on the support frame, the rear side that the straw gathered together the rotary vane is equipped with the feed cylinder, be equipped with crushing cabin on the automobile body admittedly, the other end and the crushing cabin of feed cylinder are linked together, it smashes the frame and smashes the frame to install to smash in the cabin, it is located the front side of smashing the frame to smash the frame, the feed bin is installed to the afterbody of smashing the cabin, the feed bin is linked together with crushing cabin, install on the automobile body and be used for the drive to hug.
After adopting above-mentioned structure, equipment during operation will draw the hook and connect the tractor, draw this equipment through the tractor and go on the operation in the farmland, the straw that falls after reaping in the farmland, straw and partial hay are collected to the rake frame, smash in smashing the storehouse afterwards, finally form the straw fibre, will smash and obtain the straw fibre and make cement-straw solidified soil after mixing with cement, earth, water ratio, the straw can play the effect of water absorption, skeleton, lightweight and muscle wherein, and can bear certain pulling force, can further improve the intensity and the whole bearing capacity of the soil body of the operation face that forms, make things convenient for construction machinery smooth entering place to carry out the operation.
In order to facilitate storage and transportation of straw fibers, a molding barrel extending forwards and backwards is installed at the tail of the crushing cabin, the molding barrel is communicated with the crushing cabin, one end, far away from the crushing cabin, of the molding barrel is closed, a transmission shaft extending forwards and backwards is installed in the molding barrel in a rotating mode, a compression roller shaft is fixedly installed at the front end of the transmission shaft and is intersected with the axis of the transmission shaft at 90 degrees, compression rollers are installed at two ends of the compression roller shaft in a rotating mode, the outer peripheral face of each compression roller is pressed against the inner wall of the molding barrel, the compression rollers are matched with the molding barrel in a rolling mode, a die hole enabling the molding barrel to be communicated with the inside and the outside is formed in the side wall of the molding barrel, the die hole is located in the extrusion face of each compression roller and the molding barrel, a plurality of the die holes are arranged around the. After adopting above-mentioned structure, utilize compression roller and molding section of thick bamboo to carry out the roll fit, can extrude the molding to kibbling straw, hay, the fine crushing straw becomes the column straw granule after the extrusion, for the straw fibre, the straw granule volume is littleer under the same weight, conveniently leaves in the woven bag and transports or stores. During the preparation process of the cement-straw solidified soil, the straw fiber can play a certain role in water absorption, skeleton and reinforcement, and can play a role in light weight as a filler. In addition, because the cement-straw solidified soil needs to be placed for a period of time to be hydrated in the solidification process, the moisture in the exposed solidified layer can be quickly evaporated because the exposed solidified layer is exposed to the air, and the straw particles are laid on the surface of the solidified layer, so that the moisture preservation effect can be realized, the solidification layer can be maintained, and the better hardening effect can be realized.
For the convenience gather together the collection to the straw granule after extrusion, the outside cover of a molding section of thick bamboo is equipped with the charging barrel, and the inner wall of charging barrel and the outer wall of a molding section of thick bamboo are spaced each other, and both ends are equipped with and keep off the material edge around the charging barrel, keep off the material and press on the outer wall of a molding section of thick bamboo along the tip, and the downside of charging barrel has set firmly the base, has seted up the conveying mouth on base and the charging barrel, and the conveying mouth runs through base and charging barrel. The straw particles after extrusion molding penetrate out of the die hole of the molding cylinder, when the long strip-shaped columnar straw touches the inner wall of the material collecting cylinder and is broken, the broken straw particles slide down from the interlayer between the material collecting cylinder and the molding cylinder, are stacked to the lower side of the molding cylinder and are finally discharged from the material conveying port.
In order to conveniently stack straw particles discharged from a material conveying opening into a storage bin, a material conveying cylinder extending forwards and backwards is installed on a vehicle body, the front end of the material conveying cylinder is closed, the rear end of the material conveying cylinder is open, a second auger shaft extending forwards and backwards is installed in the material conveying cylinder in a rotating mode, a second auger rotary vane extending forwards and backwards is fixedly arranged on the second auger shaft, the material conveying cylinder is located on the lower side of a material collecting cylinder, a feeding opening is formed in the upper side of the material conveying cylinder, a base is fixedly installed on the material conveying cylinder, the feeding opening is communicated with the material conveying opening, the open end of the material conveying cylinder is inserted into the storage bin, the second auger rotary vane extends out from the open end of the material conveying cylinder, the second auger rotary vane extending out of the material conveying cylinder is exposed in. The power transmission device is in belt transmission or gear transmission, gears or belts are arranged on the grass raking shaft, the first auger shaft, the transmission shaft, the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the second auger shaft, and then the transmission gear is arranged on the vehicle body, so that the power of the motor is transmitted to the grass raking shaft, the first auger shaft, the transmission shaft, the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the second auger shaft respectively. When the straw particles are discharged from the material conveying opening, the straw particles immediately enter the material conveying cylinder through the material conveying opening, the second packing auger shaft rotates in the working process of the device, and meanwhile, the second packing auger rotary vane on the second packing auger shaft drives the straw particles to enter the material conveying cylinder.
In order to conveniently bag and store the straw particles temporarily stored in the storage bin, a discharge port is formed in the lower side of the storage bin, the discharge port is located at the rear portion of the storage bin and on the lower side of the second auger rotary vane, and a sealing door is hinged to the discharge port. When the straw is bagged, the sealing door is opened at first, the straw particles immediately fall from the bin, the second auger shaft can be started at the same time, and the second rotary auger vane is used for stirring in the bin to accelerate the discharge of the straw particles.
The smashing frame comprises a first rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged in a smashing cabin, the first rotating shaft extends left and right, smashing knives are fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft, the smashing knives are bent downwards from the middle part, the heads of the smashing knives are bent right, the smashing knives are arranged around the first rotating shaft, a plurality of smashing knife groups are formed around the rotating shaft one by one, and the smashing knife groups are arranged at intervals left and right; the crushing frame comprises a second rotating shaft which is rotatably installed in the crushing cabin, the second rotating shaft extends left and right, crushing knives are fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft, the two sides of each crushing knife are edged, the crushing knives are arranged in a plurality of groups around the second rotating shaft, the crushing knife disc groups are formed around the second rotating shaft in a circle, and the crushing knife disc groups are arranged in a plurality of groups and are spaced left and right. The crushing frame is used for primarily crushing the straws, and has the effects of crushing the straws into small blocks, then throwing the small blocks onto the crushing frame on the rear side by the rotating crushing frame, thoroughly crushing the small blocks by the crushing frame, crushing the straws into fibers, then throwing the fibers into the molding cylinder by the rotating crushing frame, and extruding and molding the straws by the molding cylinder.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing frame and avoid repeated crushing of straws, a first baffle plate is fixedly installed in the crushing chamber and is positioned between the crushing frame and the crushing frame, the left side wall and the right side wall of the first baffle plate lean against the left side wall and the right side wall of the crushing chamber, a material guide table is arranged on the front side of the first baffle plate, an arc-shaped surface is arranged on the upper side surface of the material guide table, the arc-shaped surface is a quarter arc and is matched with the rotating range of the crushing knife, and the arc-shaped surface and the rotating center of the crushing frame are coaxial. If the straws which are primarily crushed are not successfully thrown to the crushing frame due to the throwing angle, the crushed straws fall to the lower side of the crushing frame from the material guide table of the arc-shaped surface, then the crushing knife with the bent head part of the crushing frame is used for fishing the straws, and the straws are thrown to the crushing frame again.
In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing frame, a second striker plate is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the crushing frame, the second striker plate has the same structure as the striker plate, a guide table is also mounted on the front side of the second striker plate, an arc-shaped surface is arranged on the upper side surface of the guide table, the arc-shaped surface is a quarter arc and is adaptive to the rotating range of the crushing knife, and the arc-shaped surface and the rotating center of the crushing frame have the same axis. If the crushed straws are not successfully thrown into the molding cylinder, the straws fall to the lower side of the crushing frame from the guide platform on the arc-shaped surface, then the straws are fished up by the crushing frame and thrown into the molding cylinder again, and in the process, the first material baffle plate can play a role in blocking and prevent the straws from entering the region of the crushing frame again.
About hugging the concrete structure of frame, the support frame is equipped with two and two support frames and controls mutual interval, hug the frame and the straw is gathered together the spiral leaf and is rotated and install between two support frames, hug the frame and install the axle of hugging between two support frames including rotating, hug the epaxial supporting disk of installing a plurality of mutual intervals of careless, the supporting disk is close to outside border portion and has seted up the through-hole, the through-hole encircles supporting disk a week and has seted up a plurality ofly, the through-hole interpolation is equipped with and runs through a plurality of supporting disks and control the grass hook dead lever that hugs that extends, it has set firmly a plurality of mutual intervals about on the grass hook dead lever to hug. The downside of two support frame also rotates and installs the walking wheel that is used for the support, and maize straw and wheat straw scatter to the farmland after reaping in, utilize to hug the grass frame and can collect it, and the pivoted is hugged the grass frame and is driven and hug the grass hook rotation in the course of the work, hugs up straw, hay in the farmland and piles up and pick up on the flitch.
Regarding the concrete structure of the straw gathering rotary vane, the straw gathering rotary vane comprises a first auger shaft which is rotatably installed between two support frames, two sets of first auger rotary vanes are installed on the first auger shaft, the rotary directions of the first auger rotary vanes are opposite, the first auger rotary vanes extend to the left side and the right side from the center of the first auger shaft respectively, a material picking plate is arranged on the lower side of the straw gathering rotary vane and extends to the lower side of a grass holding frame, the left side and the right side of the material picking plate are fixedly connected with the two support frames respectively, a material blocking tile is fixedly connected to the upper side of the material picking plate, the material blocking tile is arc-shaped and surrounds the rear side of the straw gathering rotary vane, a material passing opening is formed in the rear side of the material blocking tile, the material passing opening is located in the center of the first auger shaft and extends forwards and backwards of a material lifting cylinder, the front side of the material lifting cylinder is fixedly installed with the material blocking tile, and the. When the straws and the hay are stacked on the material picking plate, the two straw gathering rotary blades gather the straws and the hay towards the center of the first auger shaft, the straws and the hay are extruded and enter the material lifting barrel, the straws and the hay on the front side are pushed into the crushing cabin to be crushed along with the subsequent straws and the hay entering the material lifting barrel.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, the advantages and effects of the invention are specifically analyzed below.
In conclusion, the equipment is dragged by the tractor to run in the farmland, the raking frame can collect the harvested straw, the harvested straw and part of hay scattered in the farmland, then the harvested straw, the harvested straw and the part of hay are crushed in the crushing bin to finally form straw fibers, the crushed straw fibers are mixed with cement, soil and water in proportion to prepare cement-straw solidified soil, the straw can play the roles of water absorption, framework, lightening and reinforcement in the straw-straw solidified soil, and can bear certain pulling force, the strength and the integral bearing capacity of the formed soil body of the working surface can be further improved, and the construction machinery can conveniently and smoothly enter the field to carry out operation; in addition, the molding cylinder can extrude and mold the straw fiber, and the cylindrical straw particles have smaller volume under the same weight compared with the straw fiber, so that the straw particles are convenient to store in the woven bag for transportation or storage. The crushed and molded straw particles are used as filler and are stirred with cement and in-situ sludge or soft soil to form cement-straw solidified soil, so that a solidified layer with high strength and foundation bearing capacity can be formed, the self-gravity of the solidified layer can be reduced, and the subsequent foundation treatment is guaranteed.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic external view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the molding cylinder and the material collecting cylinder;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rake rack;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the breaking frame;
fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a point a in fig. 1.
In the figure: the straw raking device comprises a straw raking shaft 1, a straw raking frame 2, a first packing auger shaft 3, a straw gathering rotary vane 4, a support frame 5, a smashing frame 6, a smashing frame 7, a smashing cabin 8, a first striker plate 9, a material guide platform 10, a press roller 11, a storage bin 12, a material conveying cylinder 13, a second packing auger rotary vane 14, a travelling wheel 15, a material picking plate 16, a material stopping edge 17, a shaping cylinder 18, a material collecting cylinder 19, a vehicle body 20, a material lifting cylinder 21, a die hole 22, a transmission shaft 23, a press roller shaft 24, a press roller 25, a base 26, a material conveying port 27, a material inlet 28, a material outlet 29, a first packing auger rotary vane 30, a support plate 31, a straw raking hook fixing rod 32, a straw raking hook 33, a material stopping tile 34, a material passing port 35, a second striker plate 36, a first rotating shaft 37, a smashing knife 38, a second rotating shaft 39.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.
The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
A straw smashing and forming device comprises a vehicle body 20, walking wheels 15 are installed at the bottom of the vehicle body 20, a support frame 5 is installed at the front side of the vehicle body 20, a grass holding frame 2 is installed on the support frame 5 in a rotating mode, straw gathering rotary blades 4 are arranged on the rear side of the grass holding frame 2, the straw gathering rotary blades 4 are installed on the support frame 5 in a rotating mode, a lifting cylinder 21 is arranged on the rear side of the straw gathering rotary blades 4, a smashing cabin 8 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 20, the other end of the lifting cylinder 21 is communicated with the smashing cabin 8, a smashing rack 6 and a smashing rack 7 are installed in the smashing cabin 8, the smashing rack 6 is located on the front side of the smashing rack 7, a bin 12 is installed at the tail of the smashing cabin 8, the bin 12 is communicated with the smashing cabin 8, the vehicle body 20 is provided with a driving wheel holding frame 2 and the straw gathering, the crushing frame 6 and the crushing frame 7 rotate, and a traction hook 42 connected with a traction vehicle is arranged on the front side of the vehicle body 20. After adopting above-mentioned structure, refer to the attached drawing 1, equipment during operation will draw hook 42 and connect the tractor, draw this equipment through the tractor and go on the operation in the farmland, the grass raking frame 2 can collect the scattered straw, straw and some hay after reaping in the farmland, smash in smashing the storehouse afterwards, finally form the straw fibre, will smash and obtain the straw fibre and mix with cement, earth, water ratio and make cement-straw solidified soil, the straw can play the effect of water absorption, skeleton, lightweight and muscle wherein, and can bear certain pulling force, can further improve the intensity and the whole bearing capacity of the soil body of the operation face that forms, make things convenient for construction machinery to get into the place smoothly and carry out the operation.
In order to facilitate storage and transportation of straw fibers, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, a molding barrel 18 extending forwards and backwards is mounted at the tail of a crushing cabin 8, the molding barrel 18 is communicated with the crushing cabin 8, one end of the molding barrel 18 far away from the crushing cabin 8 is closed, a transmission shaft 23 extending forwards and backwards is rotatably mounted in the molding barrel 18, a pressure roller shaft 24 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the transmission shaft 23, the pressure roller shaft 24 is intersected with the axis of the transmission shaft 23 at 90 degrees, two ends of the pressure roller shaft 24 are rotatably mounted with pressure rollers, the peripheral surface of each pressure roller is pressed against the inner wall of the molding barrel 18, each pressure roller is in rolling fit with the molding barrel 18, a mold hole 22 enabling the molding barrel 18 to be communicated with the inside and the outside is formed in the side wall of the molding barrel 18, the mold hole 22 is located on the extrusion surface of the pressure rollers and the, and has a larger diameter toward the end of the forming cylinder 18 and a smaller diameter away from the end of the forming cylinder 18. After adopting above-mentioned structure, utilize compression roller and molding barrel 18 to carry out the rolling cooperation, can extrude the molding to kibbling straw, hay, the fine crushing straw becomes the column straw granule after the extrusion, and for the straw fibre, the straw granule volume is littleer under the equal weight, conveniently leaves in the woven bag and transports or stores. During the preparation process of the cement-straw solidified soil, the straw fiber can play a certain role in water absorption, skeleton and reinforcement, and can play a role in light weight as a filler. In addition, because the cement-straw solidified soil needs to be placed for a period of time to be hydrated in the solidification process, and because the exposed solidified layer is exposed to the air, the moisture in the cement-straw solidified soil can be quickly evaporated, and the straw particles are paved on the surface of the solidified layer, the solidification layer is helped to be maintained, and the moisture preservation effect can be realized, so that the better hardening effect can be achieved.
In order to gather and collect straw particles after extrusion molding conveniently, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, a material collecting barrel 19 is sleeved on the outer side of a molding barrel 18, the inner wall of the material collecting barrel 19 is spaced from the outer wall of the molding barrel 18, material blocking edges 17 are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the material collecting barrel 19, the end portions of the material blocking edges 17 are pressed on the outer wall of the molding barrel 18, a base 26 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the material collecting barrel 19, a material conveying port 27 is formed in the base 26 and the material collecting barrel 19, and the material conveying port 27 penetrates through the base 26 and the material collecting barrel 19. The extruded straw particles pass through the die hole 22 of the molding cylinder 18, and are broken when the long strip-shaped columnar straw touches the inner wall of the material collecting cylinder 19, and the broken straw particles slide down from the interlayer between the material collecting cylinder 19 and the molding cylinder 18, are stacked on the lower side of the molding cylinder 18, and are finally discharged from the material conveying port 27.
In order to stack straw particles discharged from the feeding port 27 into the storage bin 12 conveniently, referring to fig. 1, a feeding cylinder 13 extending back and forth is installed on the car body 20, the front end of the feeding cylinder 13 is closed, the rear end of the feeding cylinder is open, a second auger shaft 41 extending back and forth is rotatably installed in the feeding cylinder 13, a second auger rotary vane 14 extending back and forth is fixedly installed on the second auger shaft 41, the feeding cylinder 13 is located on the lower side of the material collecting cylinder 19, a feeding port 28 is formed in the upper side of the feeding cylinder 13, a base 26 is fixedly installed on the feeding cylinder 13, the feeding port 28 is communicated with the feeding port 27, the open end of the feeding cylinder 13 is inserted into the storage bin 12, the second auger rotary vane 14 protrudes out of the open end of the feeding cylinder 13, the second auger rotary vane 14 protruding out of the feeding cylinder 13 is exposed in the storage bin 12, and a power transmission device connected with a motor is installed. The power transmission device is belt transmission or gear transmission, gears or belts are arranged on the grass raking shaft 1, the first auger shaft 3, the transmission shaft 23, the first rotating shaft 37, the second rotating shaft 39 and the second auger shaft 41, and then the transmission gear is arranged on the vehicle body 20, so that the power of the motor is respectively transmitted to the grass raking shaft 1, the first auger shaft 3, the transmission shaft 23, the first rotating shaft 37, the second rotating shaft 39 and the second auger shaft 41. When the straw particles are discharged from the material conveying opening 27, the straw particles immediately enter the material conveying cylinder 13 through the material conveying opening 28, the second auger shaft 41 rotates in the working process of the device, and the second auger rotary vane 14 on the second auger shaft 41 drives the straw particles to enter the material conveying cylinder.
In order to conveniently bag and store the straw particles temporarily stored in the storage bin 12, referring to the attached drawings 1 and 7, a discharge port 29 is formed in the lower side of the storage bin 12, the discharge port 29 is located at the rear part of the storage bin 12 and the lower side of the second auger rotary vane 14, and a sealing door is hinged to the discharge port 29. When the straws are bagged, the sealing door is opened firstly, the straw particles immediately drop from the bin 12, meanwhile, the second auger shaft 41 can be started, and the second rotary auger vane 14 is used for stirring in the bin 12 to accelerate the discharge of the straw particles.
Regarding the specific structure of the crushing frame 6 and the crushing frame 7, the crushing frame 6 comprises a first rotating shaft 37 which is rotatably installed in the crushing cabin 8, the first rotating shaft 37 extends leftwards and rightwards, crushing knives 38 are fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft 37, the crushing knives 38 are bent downwards from the middle part, the heads of the crushing knives 38 are bent rightwards, a plurality of crushing knives 38 are arranged around the first rotating shaft 37, the crushing knives 38 form a crushing knife 38 disc group around the first rotating shaft 37 for one circle, and the crushing knife 38 disc group is provided with a plurality of crushing knife 38 discs which are mutually spaced leftwards and rightwards; the crushing frame 7 comprises a second rotating shaft 39 which is rotatably installed in the crushing cabin 8, the second rotating shaft 39 extends left and right, crushing knives 40 are fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft 39, edges are formed on two sides of each crushing knife 40, the crushing knives 40 are arranged in a plurality of groups around the second rotating shaft 39, the crushing knives 40 form a crushing knife 40 disc group around the second rotating shaft 39 in a circle, and the crushing knife 40 disc groups are arranged in a plurality of groups and are spaced left and right. The crushing frame 6 is used for primarily crushing the straws, the crushing frame 6 is used for crushing the straws into crushed blocks, then the rotating crushing frame 6 throws the crushed blocks onto the crushing frame 7 at the rear side, the crushing frame 7 thoroughly crushes the crushed blocks, the straws are crushed into fibers, then the rotating crushing frame 7 throws the fibers into the molding cylinder 18, and the molding cylinder 18 extrudes and molds the straws. In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing frame 6, referring to the attached drawing 1, repeated crushing of straws is avoided, a first striker plate 9 is fixedly installed in the crushing chamber 8, the first striker plate 9 is located between the crushing frame 6 and the crushing frame 7, the left side wall and the right side wall of the first striker plate 9 abut against the left side wall and the right side wall of the crushing chamber 8, a material guide table 10 is arranged on the front side of the first striker plate 9, an arc-shaped surface is arranged on the upper side surface of the material guide table 10, the arc-shaped surface is a quarter arc and is adaptive to the rotating range of the crushing knife 38, and the arc-shaped surface and the rotating center of the crushing frame 6 are coaxial. If the straws which are primarily crushed are not successfully thrown to the crushing frame 7 due to the throwing angle, the crushed straws fall to the lower side of the crushing frame 6 from the guide platform 10 with the arc-shaped surface, then the crushing knife 38 with the bent head of the crushing frame 6 scoops the straws, and the straws are thrown to the crushing frame 7 again. In order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing frame 7, referring to fig. 1, a second striker plate 36 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the crushing frame 7, the second striker plate 36 has the same structure as the first striker plate 9, a guide table 10 is also mounted on the front side of the second striker plate 36, an arc-shaped surface is arranged on the upper side of the guide table 10, the arc-shaped surface is a quarter arc and is adapted to the rotation range of the crushing knife 40, and the arc-shaped surface and the rotation center of the crushing frame 7 have the same axis. If the crushed straws are not successfully thrown into the molding cylinder 18, the straws fall to the lower side of the crushing frame 7 from the guide platform 10 on the arc-shaped surface, then the straws are fished up by the crushing frame 7 and thrown into the molding cylinder 18 again, and in the process, the first striker plate 9 can play a role in blocking and prevent the straws from entering the area of the crushing frame 6 again.
About hugging careless frame 2 concrete structure, refer to figure 1, figure 5, support frame 5 is equipped with two and two support frame 5 left and right mutual intervals, hug careless frame 2 and straw and gather together and revolve leaf 4 and rotate and install between two support frames 5, hug careless frame 2 and include to rotate and install hug careless axle 1 between two support frames 5, hug and install a plurality of mutual spaced's supporting disk 31 on the axle 1, supporting disk 31 is close to the outside border portion and has seted up the through-hole, the through-hole encircles supporting disk 31 a week and has seted up a plurality ofly, the through-hole interpolation is equipped with and runs through a plurality of supporting disks 31 and control the grass hook dead lever 32 that extends, hug and set firmly mutual spaced around a plurality of on the grass hook dead lever 32 and hug careless hook. The downside of 5 framves of two support frames also rotates and installs the walking wheel 15 that is used for the support, and maize straw and, wheat straw, rice straw etc. scatter to the farmland after reaping in, utilize to rake frame 2 can collect it, and the pivoted is raked frame 2 and is driven to rake the grass hook 33 rotation in the course of the work, rakes the straw in the farmland and piles up and pile up on picking up flitch 16. Regarding the concrete structure of the straw gathering rotary vane 4, referring to the attached drawing 1, the straw gathering rotary vane 4 comprises a first auger shaft 3 rotatably installed between two support frames 5, two sets of first auger rotary vanes 30 are installed on the first auger shaft 3, the rotary directions of the two sets of first auger rotary vanes 30 are opposite, the two sets of first auger rotary vanes 30 respectively extend from the center of the first auger shaft 3 to the left and right sides, a material picking plate 16 is arranged at the lower side of the straw gathering rotary vane 4, the material picking plate 16 extends to the lower side of the grass gathering frame 2, the left and right sides of the material picking plate 16 are respectively fixedly connected with the two support frames 5, a material blocking tile 34 is fixedly connected with the upper side of the material picking plate 16, the material blocking tile 34 is arc-shaped and surrounds the rear side of the straw gathering rotary vane 4, a material passing opening 35 is arranged at the rear side of the material blocking tile 34, the material passing opening 35 is positioned at the center of the first auger shaft cylinder 3, the lifting cylinder 21 extends forwards and backwards, the front side of the lifting, and the barrel 21 is communicated with the material passing port 35. When the straws and the hay are stacked on the material picking plate 16, the two straw gathering rotary blades 4 gather the straws and the hay towards the center of the auger shaft I3, the straws and the hay are extruded into the material lifting barrel 21, the straws and the hay on the front side are pushed into the crushing cabin 8 to be crushed along with the subsequent straws and the hay entering the material lifting barrel 21.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
In summary, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make several changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a straw crushing and forming equipment, includes automobile body (20), and walking wheel (15), characterized by are installed to the bottom of automobile body (20): the straw gathering and smashing machine is characterized in that a support frame (5) is installed on the front side of the machine body (20), a straw gathering rotary vane (4) is installed on the support frame (5) in a rotating mode, a straw gathering rotary vane (4) is arranged on the rear side of the straw gathering rotary vane (4), a straw lifting cylinder (21) is arranged on the rear side of the machine body (20), a smashing cabin (8) is fixedly installed on the machine body (20), the other end of the lifting cylinder (21) is communicated with the smashing cabin (8), a smashing frame (6) and a smashing frame (7) are installed in the smashing cabin (8), the smashing frame (6) is located on the front side of the smashing frame (7), a storage bin (12) is installed at the tail of the smashing cabin (8), the storage bin (12) is communicated with the smashing cabin (8), a motor used for driving the straw gathering rotary vane (4) and the smashing frame (6) and the smashing frame (7) to rotate is installed on the machine body (20), a towing hook (42) connected with a towing vehicle is arranged at the front side of the vehicle body (20),
the tail part of the crushing cabin (8) is provided with a molding cylinder (18) extending forwards and backwards, the molding cylinder (18) is communicated with the crushing cabin (8), one end of the molding cylinder (18) far away from the crushing cabin (8) is closed, a transmission shaft (23) extending forwards and backwards is rotatably arranged in the molding cylinder (18), the front end of the transmission shaft (23) is fixedly provided with a press roller shaft (24), the press roller shaft (24) and the axis of the transmission shaft (23) are intersected at 90 degrees, two ends of the press roller shaft (24) are rotatably provided with press rollers (25), the peripheral surface of each press roller (25) is pressed on the inner wall of the molding cylinder (18), each press roller (25) is in rolling fit with the molding cylinder (18), the side wall of the molding cylinder (18) is provided with a mold hole (22) enabling the molding cylinder (18) to be communicated internally and externally, the mold hole (22) is positioned on the extrusion surfaces of the press rollers (25) and the molding cylinder (18), the mold hole (22) is, the die hole (22) is conical, and the diameter of one end facing the molding cylinder (18) is larger, the diameter of the other end far away from the molding cylinder (18) is smaller,
the outer side of the molding cylinder (18) is sleeved with a material collecting cylinder (19), the inner wall of the material collecting cylinder (19) and the outer wall of the molding cylinder (18) are mutually spaced, the front end and the rear end of the material collecting cylinder (19) are provided with material blocking edges (17), the material blocking edges (17) are pressed on the outer wall of the molding cylinder (18), the lower side of the material collecting cylinder (19) is fixedly provided with a base (26), the base (26) and the material collecting cylinder (19) are provided with a material conveying port (27), the material conveying port (27) penetrates through the base (26) and the material collecting cylinder (19),
install defeated feed cylinder (13) of extending around on automobile body (20), the front end of defeated feed cylinder (13) is sealed, the rear end is uncovered, it installs two (41) auger shafts of extending around to rotate in defeated feed cylinder (13), auger shaft two (41) are gone up and are set firmly two (14) auger rotary vanes of extending around, defeated feed cylinder (13) are located the downside of aggregate cylinder (19), feed inlet (28) have been seted up to defeated feed cylinder (13) upside, base (26) fixed mounting is on defeated feed cylinder (13), feed inlet (28) are linked together with material conveying mouth (27), the open end cartridge of defeated feed cylinder (13) is in feed bin (12), auger rotary vane two (14) are followed the open end of defeated feed cylinder (13) and are visited out, auger rotary vane two (14) of visiting defeated feed cylinder (13) expose in feed bin (12), install the power transmission who connects the motor on auger shaft two (41) and transmission shaft (23),
the smashing frame (6) comprises a first rotating shaft (37) rotatably mounted in the smashing cabin (8), the first rotating shaft (37) extends leftwards and rightwards, smashing knives (38) are fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (37), the smashing knives (38) are bent downwards from the middle part, the heads of the smashing knives (38) are bent rightwards, a plurality of smashing knives (38) are arranged around the first rotating shaft (37), the smashing knife discs are formed by enabling the smashing knives (38) to surround the first rotating shaft (37) for one circle, and a plurality of smashing knife discs are arranged and spaced leftwards and rightwards; the crushing frame (7) comprises a second rotating shaft (39) which is rotatably arranged in the crushing cabin (8), the second rotating shaft (39) extends left and right, crushing knives (40) are fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft (39), blades are arranged on two sides of the crushing knives (40), a plurality of crushing knives (40) surround the second rotating shaft (39), the crushing knives (40) surround the second rotating shaft (39) for one circle to form a crushing knife disc group, the crushing knife disc group is provided with a plurality of crushing knife discs which are mutually spaced left and right,
a baffle plate I (9) is fixedly installed in the crushing cabin (8), the baffle plate I (9) is positioned between the crushing frame (6) and the crushing frame (7), the left side wall and the right side wall of the baffle plate I (9) are propped against the left side wall and the right side wall of the crushing cabin (8), a material guide table (10) is arranged on the front side of the baffle plate I (9), an arc-shaped surface is arranged on the upper side surface of the material guide table (10), the arc-shaped surface is a quarter arc and is adapted to the rotating range of the crushing knife (38), and the arc-shaped surface and the rotating center of the crushing frame (6) are coaxial,
smash the rear side fixed mounting of frame (7) have striker plate two (36), and striker plate two (36) are the same with striker plate one (9) structure, and guide platform (10) are also installed to the front side of striker plate two (36), and the side of going up of this guide platform (10) is equipped with the arcwall face, and this arcwall face is the quarter circular arc and suits with the rotation range who smashes sword (40), and the arcwall face is coaxial with the center of rotation of smashing frame (7).
2. The straw crushing and forming apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: discharge gate (29) have been seted up to the downside of feed bin (12), and discharge gate (29) are located the downside that leans on rear portion, auger spiral leaf two (14) of feed bin (12), and the hinge is equipped with the sealing door on discharge gate (29).
3. The straw crushing and forming apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: support frame (5) are equipped with two and two support frames (5) and control mutual interval, hug grass frame (2) and straw and gather together rotary vane (4) and rotate and install between two support frames (5), hug grass frame (2) including rotate install hug careless axle (1) between two support frames (5), hug and install a plurality of mutual spaced's supporting disk (31) on careless axle (1), supporting disk (31) are close to the outside border portion and have seted up the through-hole, the through-hole encircles supporting disk (31) a week and has seted up a plurality ofly, the through-hole interpolation is equipped with and runs through a plurality of supporting disk (31) and control what extend hug careless hook dead lever (32), it has set firmly a plurality of mutual spaced around hugs careless hook (33) on careless hook dead lever (32) to hug.
4. The straw crushing and molding apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the straw gathering rotary vane (4) comprises a first packing auger shaft (3) rotatably installed between two support frames (5), two sets of first packing auger rotary vanes (30) are installed on the first packing auger shaft (3), the rotary directions of the first packing auger rotary vanes (30) are opposite, the first packing auger rotary vanes (30) extend to the left side and the right side from the center of the first packing auger shaft (3) respectively, a material picking plate (16) is arranged on the lower side of the straw gathering rotary vane (4), the material picking plate (16) extends to the lower side of a grass holding frame (2), the left side and the right side of the material picking plate (16) are fixedly connected with the two support frames (5) respectively, a material blocking tile (34) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the material picking plate (16), the material blocking tile (34) is arc-shaped and surrounds the rear side of the straw gathering rotary vane (4), a material passing opening (35) is formed in the rear side of the material blocking tile (34), and the material passing opening (35) is located at the central position of the first packing, the lifting barrel (21) extends forwards and backwards, the front side of the lifting barrel (21) is fixedly installed with the material blocking tile (34), and the lifting barrel (21) is communicated with the material passing opening (35).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011262483.4A CN112088666B (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Straw crushing and forming equipment |
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| CN202011262483.4A CN112088666B (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Straw crushing and forming equipment |
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| CN113366981B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-11-18 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院齐齐哈尔农业机械化研究所 | Crop straw feed divider |
| CN114097440B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-01-13 | 青岛益兴昌机械制造有限公司 | Smashing device for processing crop straws |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104813811B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-07-06 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of straw collecting briquetting vehicle |
| CN205546617U (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-09-07 | 新乡市德恩智能装备有限公司 | Straw results granulator |
| DE102016113876B3 (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-01-11 | CSP GmbH Cut Systems Pfronstetten | Device for pelleting crop and splicing unit therefor |
| CN207820560U (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-09-07 | 张佳奇 | Multifunctional threshing granulation harvester |
| CN208490279U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-02-15 | 福建省复新农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of agricultural stalk pickup collection device |
| CN211048361U (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-07-21 | 南京农业大学 | Movable operation type straw granulator |
| CN210183956U (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-03-27 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所（宁夏土壤与植物营养重点实验室） | Portable environment-friendly straw processing apparatus |
| CN210987143U (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-07-14 | 樊国玉 | Straw smashing device |
| CN111567240A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 伊长英 | Agricultural straw reducing mechanism |
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